2019届一轮复习外研版必修四Module4GreatScientists单元学案设计（19页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习外研版必修四Module4GreatScientists单元学案设计（19页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习外研版必修四 Module 4Great Scientists单元学案设计 ‎【课前预习】‎ Ⅰ.情景默写 ‎1.He published(出版) his first novel when he was eighteen years old.‎ ‎2.Regular exercise every day keeps him in good physical(身体的) condition.‎ ‎3.Confucius was one of the great figures(人物) in history.‎ ‎4.Our children are being educated(教育) to be green in everything they do.‎ ‎5.China exports(出口) things to many countries and regions every year.‎ ‎6.We had to wait on the freeway until the thick fog cleared(放晴) at last.‎ ‎7.He began to teach in our school after he graduated(毕业) from a famous university in 2017.‎ ‎8.A bomb exploding(爆炸) near a supermarket shocked the people in it.‎ ‎9.Cheap goods are available，but not in sufficient quantity(数量) to satisfy demand.‎ ‎10.Surgeons have made a great breakthrough(突破) in the kidney transplantation.‎ ‎11.You can’t expect that something may escape(逃脱) the teacher’s attention.‎ ‎12.The shopkeeper said he would replace(更换) the TV set if we were not satisfied.‎ ‎13.He needs a high income to support(供养) such a large family.‎ ‎14.Some students take part－time jobs in order to earn their living(谋生).‎ ‎15.Do you know when the first Chinese empress came to power(执政)?‎ ‎16.New ideas have been brought in(引进)since China began to open to the outside world.‎ ‎17.They haven’t talked with each other for a long time as a result of(由于……的结果)a misunderstanding.‎ ‎18.Born and brought up(养大) in the countryside，he was interested in biology.‎ Ⅱ.词性转换 ‎1.Though she explained the topic briefly(brief), we still learned a lot from her brief words.‎ ‎2.This word originated(original) from a Latin word and the original meaning is quite different from what it is today.‎ ‎3.After graduation, he is one of the graduates who have graduated this year and are looking for a job.(graduate)‎ ‎4.This factory produces computers.Its producer is very optimistic about the production and sale.(produce)‎ ‎5.The government is attaching more importance to educating the younger generation.In a sense，it is the duty of every educator to do what they can for the cause of education of China.(educate)‎ ‎6.Two bombs exploded in the centre of our city and the explosion caused ‎ seven deaths.(explode)‎ ‎1.句型公式：the key to doing sth做某事的关键 资金是解决这个问题的关键。‎ Money is the key to solving the problem.‎ ‎2.句型公式：keep＋宾语＋宾补　使……一直做某事 很抱歉让你等了三个小时。‎ I am sorry for having kept you waiting for three hours.‎ ‎3.句型公式： not everybody/everyone...并非每一个……‎ 并非每个人都同意你在会上说的话。‎ ‎ Not everybody/everyone will agree with what you said in the meeting.‎ ‎4.句型公式：现在分词短语作结果状语 有些学生花了太多的时间在QQ和微信上，这让家长和老师很担心。‎ Some students spend too much time on QQ and WeChat, making their parents and teachers worried.‎ 第一板块 核心词汇 ‎1.support vt.支持；支撑；维持；供养 n.[U]支持；拥护；供养 高考必刷题练透 单句语法填空/同义句改写 ‎①The old man entered the hall, supported(support) by his two sons.‎ ‎②Young as he is，he has a big family to support(support).‎ ‎③Whenever I disagree with my brother，my father comes to my support.‎ ‎④I will support you forever whenever it is.‎ ‎→I will stand by you forever whenever it is.(stand短语)‎ ‎→I will be in favor of you forever whenever it is.(favor短语)‎ ‎→I will be in support of you forever whenever it is.(support作名词的短语)‎ 状元笔记全记牢 ‎(1)support sb in sth　　　在……方面支持某人 support a family/oneself 养家糊口/自力更生 ‎(2)come to one’s support 来支持某人 in support of... 支持……‎ ‎2.quantity n.量；数量 高考必刷题练透 单句语法填空/单句改错/完成句子 ‎①—Why does the river around the village smell terrible?‎ ‎—Because large quantities of water have been polluted(pollute) already.‎ ‎②If you buy this goods in quantity，we will offer a better price to you.‎ ‎③A large quantity of books has been contributed to the children in the countryside since then.has→have ‎④就我个人而言，重要的是质量而不是数量。‎ Personally，it is quality rather than quantity that really counts.‎ 状元笔记全记牢 a large/small quantity of　大量/少量的 large quantities of 大量的；许多的 in quantity 大量地 ‎【点津】‎ ‎(1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。‎ ‎(2)“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎3.escape n.逃跑；逃脱；逃避 v.逃跑；逃脱；逃避；被忘掉 高考必刷题练透 单句语法填空/单句改错/完成句子 ‎①It is said that he narrowly escaped being killed(kill) in the traffic accident the other day.‎ ‎②The fire spread quickly but luckily all the people managed to escape the burning house.在escape后加from ‎③昨天，我碰见了我以前的同学，但是我记不起来他的名字了，这让我很尴尬。‎ Yesterday，I came across my former classmate，but his name escaped me，which made me embarrassed.‎ 状元笔记全记牢 ‎(1)escape (doing) sth　　 　逃脱(做)某事 escape from/out of... 从……逃跑，逃走 escape one’s attention/notice逃过某人的注意/被某人遗忘 ‎(2)have a narrow escape 九死一生 ‎4.clear vt.使清澈；使清楚vi.变清澈；(天)变晴；(烟雾)消散 adj.清澈的；晴朗的；清晰的 高考必刷题练透 单句语法填空/单句改错/完成句子 ‎①She asked him to clarify what he meant.That is to say，she wanted him to say what he meant clearly(clear).‎ ‎②If the weather clears up，we can go out for a walk.‎ ‎③We have made clear that we are strongly against smoking in the office.在clear前加it ‎④It is clear that(显然)high－tech equipment has become ‎ popular among teenagers and changed their way of life.(重庆卷·满分作文)‎ 状元笔记全记牢 ‎(1)clear up　　　　整理，收拾；消除(误会、疑虑等)；(天)放晴 ‎(2)make...clear 清楚表明，讲清楚 It is clear that... 显然……‎ ‎5.come to/into power开始执政，当权，上台 高考必刷题练透 单句语法填空/词汇升级 ‎①He came to/into power when he was 25 years old and has been in power for 60 years so far.‎ ‎②Not that I don’t want to help you，but that it’s beyond my power to do so.‎ ‎③I will try my best to help you with your English.I believe you will make greater progress.‎ ‎→I will do everything in/within my power to help you with your English.I believe you will make greater progress.‎ 状元笔记全记牢 ‎(1)in power　　　　　　　　当权的，掌权的 take/seize power 当权；执政 ‎(2)in/within one’s power 某人力所能及的 beyond/out of one’s power 某人力所不能及的 ‎【点津】‎ come to power 与 be in power 都表示“掌权”，但前者表示动作，不能与时间段连用；后者表示状态，可以与时间段连用。‎ 第二板块 经典句式 ‎6.keep＋宾语＋宾补 高考必刷题练透 单句语法填空/单句改错/完成句子 ‎①How can you keep him working(work) without a break even for a minute?‎ ‎②Please keep us informed(inform) of any change of address as soon as possible.‎ ‎③He kept his eyes closing and stayed where he was.closing→closed ‎④他出去时把所有的灯都开着。‎ He kept all the lights on when he went out.‎ ‎⑤我们必须保持卧室干净整洁。‎ We should keep the bedroom clean and tidy.‎ ‎⑥学生们被要求保持教室井然有序。‎ Students are requested to keep the classroom in order.‎ 状元笔记全记牢 keep＋宾语＋宾补，意为“使……继续处于某种状态”。‎ ‎(1)keep＋宾语＋名词/形容词/副词/介词短语 ‎(2)keep＋宾语＋现在分词 ‎ ‎(3)keep＋宾语＋过去分词 ‎【点津】‎ 在“keep＋宾语＋分词”结构中，如果宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，宾语补足语用现在分词；如果宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，宾语补足语用过去分词。高考中常考的可以接过去分词或现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：find，leave，feel，see，hear，have，get 等。 ‎ Ⅰ.课文语法填空 The Chinese scientist，Yuan Longping，is a 1.leading(lead) figure in the rice－growing world.He was born and brought 2.up in China.As a boy he ‎ 3.was educated(educate) in many schools.He studied agriculture in college.After 4.graduation/graduating(graduate) from Southwest Agriculture College，he has devoted 5.himself(he) to agriculture education and research ever since.He thought that the key to 6.feeding(feed) people was to have more rice and to produce it 7.more(much) quickly.‎ After many years’ hard work，he produced 8.a new plant by crossing different species of rice plant，9.which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants.This breakthrough in rice breeding has made great 10.contributions(contribute) to the world.‎ Ⅱ.课文短文改错 The first military use of rockets was in 1232.The Song Dynasty was at the war with the Mongols.During the battle of Kaifeng，the Song army shot “arrows of flown fire”.The tubes were attached on a long stick which helped keep the rocket move in a straight direction.Soon the Mongols learned how make rockets themselves and it is possibly that they introduced them to Europe.Between the 13th and 15th centuries there were many rockets experiments in England，France and Italy.It were used for military purposes.One Italian scientist even invents a rocket which could travel over the surface of water and hit a enemy ship.‎ 答案　‎ The first military use of rockets was in 1232.The Song Dynasty was at ‎ war with the Mongols.During the battle of Kaifeng，the Song army shot “arrows of fire”.The tubes were attached a long stick which helped keep the rocket in a straight direction.Soon the Mongols learned how make rockets themselves and it is that they introduced them to Europe.Between the 13th and 15th centuries there were many experiments in England，France and Italy. were used for military purposes.One Italian scientist even a rocket which could travel over the surface of water and hit enemy ship.‎ Ⅲ.教材与写作 假如你是李华，你的同学李明是一名成功人士，他的母亲对他的成功有很大的影响：‎ ‎1.什么也代替不了母亲的爱和照顾；‎ ‎2.母亲在他的教育上花了大量金钱和精力；‎ ‎3.他是位杰出人物，出版了第一本书；‎ ‎4.是母亲的支持使他获得成功。‎ 注意：1.请根据以上要点写一篇50词左右的短文；‎ ‎2.尽量使用本模块的知识点；‎ ‎3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ It is clear that nothing can replace a mother’s love and care.Li Ming’s mother，who has many fine qualities，spent a large quantity of money and energy on his education.He became an outstanding figure in his field soon after he graduated from Tsinghua University.His first book was published last week.In brief，it is as a result of his mother’s support that he has achieved success.‎ A ‎(2018·山东六校高三联考)With more sunshine than Portland or Eugene，nature on the doorstep and great craft beer and coffee，Bend may just be the perfect small U.S.city deserving a visit.And the following will offer you an enjoyable experience of staying.‎ The Oxford Hotel The 59－room，seven－storey hotel became the tallest building in downtown Bend when opened in 2010.It has smart，large rooms in natural tones，fine dining at its restaurant，regular jazz concerts，and a commitment to using natural products where possible and running on 100% renewable energy.‎ The McMenamins Old St.Francis School McMenamins hotels are famed for their conversions(改建的房屋)，so it’s no surprise to find this former Catholic schoolhouse，dating from ‎ 1936，is now an affordable hotel，restaurant，music venue and cinema.The classrooms are now 19 guest rooms，each named after former teachers.‎ My Place Hotel－Bend，OR In the historic district，this 63－room smoke－free hotel places you within a relaxing walk of Old Mill District and Les Schwab Amphitheater.It welcomes guests with conveniences like free in－room Wi－Fi，laundry facilities，and a 24－hour business center.Limited housekeeping and free parking are also available.‎ The Mill Inn Bed and Breakfast Bend has several chain hotels，motels and self－catering suites，but it doesn’t have many B& Bs，which makes Mill Inn a delightful discovery.The 10－room，wooden hotel is a 10－minute walk from downtown，and serves healthy and hearty breakfasts of freshly－made frittatas，granola，fruit，yoghurt，and fry－ups of local bacon and sausages.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文是一篇应用文，介绍了在Bend旅游时可以选择的四个宾馆。‎ ‎1.What can we infer about the Oxford Hotel?‎ A.Its rooms are relatively small.‎ B.It is environmentally friendly.‎ C.It is within walking distance of downtown.‎ D.It is the tallest building in downtown Bend.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的第二句可知，该 宾馆尽可能地使用天然产品和可再生能源，因此它是环保的。故选B。]‎ ‎2.How is the McMenamins Old St.Francis School special?‎ A.It provides affordable breakfasts.‎ B.It is located in a historic district.‎ C.Its rooms were built in honor of teachers.‎ D.It has its roots in an ancient school building.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“McMenamins hotels are...music venue and cinema.”可知， 该宾馆是由学校改建而成的，故选D。]‎ ‎3.In which column of a website are you likely to find this article?‎ A.Travel. B.Lifestyle.‎ C.Fashion. D.Culture.‎ 答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第一段和下文对各个宾馆的介绍可知， 本文旨在为到Bend旅游的人提供可住宿宾馆建议，应属于旅游专栏。故选A。]‎ B About three decades ago，China was known as the “Bicycle Kingdom”.But the two－wheeled transport’s popularity began to fade，with many bikes soon replaced by their fuel－powered competitors.‎ But recent months have seen a renaissance of the bike across China，with ‎ an increasing number of people choosing cycling instead of driving to schools，to workplaces or to do sightseeing.The introduction of bike－sharing schemes，first developed by new companies like Ofo and Mobike，has brought the trend to a new level.According to data from iResearch Consulting Group，the first week of this year saw 5.85 million active users of Mobike while Ofo had 1.4 million active users.‎ People can unlock the shared bikes by simply using their smartphones.The bikes are equipped with GPS and can be left anywhere in public places for the next user.They’re popular among many Chinese people as they provide an effective answer to the “last mile”problem，which refers to a person’s final journey.“In places where the subway doesn’t reach and where it’s difficult to change from one kind of transport to another，it’s so easy to get where you want to go with Mobike，”Hu Hong，29，said.She rides a bike to work.‎ However，the schemes have also led to problems such as illegal parking，vandalism(故意破坏) and theft.“Bike－sharing is a greener method of transportation and provides a user－friendly experience，”said Liu Xiaoming，Vice－Minister of Transport.“But it’s a combination of online and offline business.Operators are usually strong in online services，but lack offline business experience.”‎ In fact，these problems are also shared by bike－sharing schemes abroad.Set up in 2007，Vélib is a large－scale public bike sharing system ‎ in Paris.By October，2009，a large number of Vélib’s initial bikes had to be replaced due to vandalism or theft.Bikes were found hanging from lampposts(街灯柱)or thrown into the Seine River.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文是说明文。共享单车在中国兴起，这种创新的交通方式让人们的出行变得更便利的同时也存在着诸多问题。‎ ‎4.What can we learn about Ofo and Mobike from the text?‎ A.Their bikes are aimed at people who can’t afford a car.‎ B.They are pioneers in the field of bike sharing in China.‎ C.There are 7.25 million people using their bikes this year.‎ D.No other bike－sharing system in the world can match theirs.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。由第二段的The introduction of bike－sharing schemes，first developed by new companies like Ofo and Mobike可知，Ofo和Mobike是最早把单车共享方案引入中国的公司，也就是说，它们是中国单车共享领域内的开辟者。]‎ ‎5.Why are shared bikes convenient according to Hu Hong?‎ A.They can be shared by a lot of different people.‎ B.They allow people to use various forms of transport.‎ C.They are a useful addition to other means of transport.‎ D.They are accessible as long as people have smartphones.‎ 答案　C　[推理判断题。由第三段Hu Hong的话可知，在地铁到不了的地方和难以更换交通方式的地方，共享单车可以轻易地带你去任何你想去 的地方；由此可推知，她认为共享单车方便是因为它们是对其他交通方式有用的补充。]‎ ‎6.What do we know about the existing problems with bike sharing?‎ A.They are actually universal phenomena.‎ B.They are brought by bike－sharing users.‎ C.They are mainly caused by the operators.‎ D.They are the results of illegal companies.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。由最后两段尤其是最后一段的these problems are also shared by bike－sharing schemes abroad可知，单车共享存在的问题是一种国内外都普遍的现象。]‎ ‎7.What could be the best title for the text?‎ A.What problems does bike sharing face in China?‎ B.Bike sharing：a new battle begins in China C.Why is bike sharing popular in China?‎ D.Bike sharing is booming in China 答案　D　[主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了共享单车在中国兴起的情况，并说明了它的好处与随之而来的问题。]‎ C ‎(2018·甘肃第一次诊断)The 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics is shared by three scientists，the Royal Academy of Sciences announced in Stockholm on Tuesday.The Nobel Prize in Physics 2016 was divided，with one half awarded to David J.Thouless，the other half to F.Duncan M.Haldane and J.Michael Kosterlitz “for theoretical discoveries of topological phase ‎ transitions and topological phases of matter(物质拓扑相变和拓扑相).”‎ Haldane said he was “very surprised” at the news，adding that he was glad that their discoveries found something previously unnoticed by many，and that they revealed “more possibilities for looking for new materials.” He particularly pointed out that a lot of work was still ongoing.‎ The year’s prize amount is 8 million Swedish krona，and will be split properly between the three winners.‎ The winners are given a sum of money when they receive their prizes，in the form of a document confirming the amount awarded.The amount of prize money depends upon how much money the Nobel Foundation(基金会) can award each year.The purse has increased since the 1980s，when the prize money was 880，000 SEK per prize.In 2009，the monetary award was 10 million SEK.In June 2012，it was lowered to 8 million SEK.‎ If there are two winners of a particular prize，the award money is divided equally between the winners.If there are three，the awarding committee can choose to divide the money equally，or award one－half to one winner and one－quarter to each of the others.It is common for winners to donate prize money to benefit scientific，cultural，or charitable causes.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文介绍了2016年诺贝尔物理学奖的归属以及诺贝尔奖的相关知识，包括奖金的金额、来源和分配。‎ ‎8.How much prize money does Thouless get?‎ A.8 million Swedish krona.‎ B.6 million Swedish krona.‎ C.4 million Swedish krona.‎ D.2 million Swedish krona.‎ 答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第一段第二句The Nobel Prize in Physics...及第三段可知，2016年的奖金是800万瑞典克朗，而索利斯获得了一半的奖金。故选C项。]‎ ‎9.According to the passage，Haldane thought that his work .‎ A.was far from ending B.was based on many previous studies C.had perfectly been completed D.had surprised the whole world 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知，霍尔丹指出还有很多工作仍在进行，即远远没有结束。故选A项。]‎ ‎10.The amount of prize money .‎ A.has been ever increasing since the 1980s B.has been ever decreasing since the 1980s C.remains 880，000 SEK each year after 2012‎ D.differs according to the Nobel Foundation’s affordability 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知，诺贝尔奖的奖金金额并不是固定的，而是根据每年诺 贝尔基金会所能奖励的金额而决定。故选D项。]‎ ‎11.What does the last paragraph talk about?‎ A.The purpose of the award money.‎ B.The number of winners per prize.‎ C.How the winners are selected.‎ D.How the award money is dealt with.‎ 答案　D　[主旨大意题。最后一段讲了诺贝尔奖奖金的分配及获奖人如何利用这些奖金。故选D项。]‎