【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型模拟试题10篇训练之九（15页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型模拟试题10篇训练之九（15页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型模拟试题10篇训练之九 ‎[一]‎ When women sit together to watch a movie on TV, they usually talk simultaneously (同时地) about a variety of subjects, including children, men, careers and what' s happening in their lives. When groups of men and women watch a movie together, the men usually end up telling the women to shut up. Men can either talk or watch the screen - they can't do both -and they don' t understand that women can. Besides, women consider that the point of all getting together is to have a good time and develop relationships - not just to sit there like couch potatoes staring at the screen.‎ During the ad breaks, a man often asks a woman to explain the plot and tell him where the relationship between the characters is going. He is unable, unlike women, to read the subtle body language signals that reveal how the characters are feeling emotionally. Since women originally spent their days with the other women and children in the group, they developed the ability to communicate successfully in order to maintain relationships. For a woman, speech continues to have such a clear purpose: to build relationships and make friends. For men, to talk is to relate the facts.‎ Men see the telephone as a communication tool for sending facts and information to other people, but a woman sees it as a means of bonding. A woman can spend two weeks on vacation with her girlfriend and, when she returns home, telephone the same girlfriend and talk for another two hours.‎ There is no convincing evidence that social conditioning, the fact that girls' mothers talked to them more, is the reason why girls talk more than boys. Psychiatrist Dr Michael Lewis, author of Social Behaviour and Language Acquisition, conducted experiments that found mothers talked to, and looked at, baby girls more often than baby boys. Scientific evidence shows parents respond to the brain bias of their children. Since a girl' s brain is better organized to send and receive speech, we therefore talk to them more. Consequently, mothers who try to talk to their sons are usually disappointed to receive only short grunts in reply.‎ ‎[语篇解读]女人在一起总是有说不完的话，甚至能一边看电影一边聊，男人却做不到，这是为什么？因为她们认为感情联络很重要，而且她们的大脑在这方面有着特殊功能。‎ ‎1．While watching TV with others, women usually talk a lot because they________.‎ A. are afraid of awkward silence with their families and friends B. can both talk and watch the screen at the same time C. think they can have a good time and develop relationships D. have to explain the plot and body language to their husbands ‎[解析]考查细节理解。根据文章第一段的最后一句可知妇女们聚在一起总有说不完的话是因为她们认为在一起就要玩得愉快，同时加深关系。[答案]C ‎2．After a vacation with her girlfriend, a woman would talk to her again on the phone for hours in order to________.‎ A. experience the happy time again B. keep a close tie with her C. recommend her a new scenic spot D. remind her of something forgotten ‎[解析]考查细节理解。根据文章的第三段中的a woman sees it as a means of bonding可知，女人度假回来会给朋友打电话长聊是因为她们把电话看做维系关系的纽带。[答案]B ‎3．What does the author want to tell us most?‎ A. Women's brains are better organized for language and communication.‎ B. Women love to talk because they are more sociable than men.‎ C. Men do not like talking because they rely more on facts.‎ D. Social conditioning is not the reason why women love talking.‎ ‎[解析]考查写作意图。根据文章最后一段中的"Since a girl's brain is better organized to send and receive speech"一句可知，作者最想让读者知道的就是她们能滔滔不绝的原因是她们的大脑在交流当中更善于处理信息。[答案]C ‎4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Women Are Socially Trained to Talk B. Talking Maintains Relationships C. Women Love to Talk D. Men Talk Differently from Women ‎[解析]考查标题归纳。本文是围绕女人喜欢讲话这个话题来展开的，因此C项为最佳标题。[答案]C ‎[二]‎ I am a writer. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language - the way it can evoke (唤起)an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth.Language_is_the_tool_of_my_trade. And I use them all - all the Englishes I grew up with.‎ Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California, I' ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks. Like others, I have described it to people as "broken" English. But I feel embarrassed to say that. It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than "broken" , as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness. I've heard other terms used, "limited English" , for example. But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people' s perceptions (认识) of the limited English speaker.‎ I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up，my mother' s "limited" English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say. That is, because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.‎ I started writing fiction in 1985. And for reasons I won't get into today, I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as "broken"； and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese, her internal (内在的) language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence，but neither an English nor a Chinese structure. I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show: her intention, her feelings, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts.‎ ‎[语篇解读]本文主要记叙了作者在不同时期对母亲所使用的语言的不同看法。‎ ‎1．By saying "Language is the tool of my trade"， the author means that________.‎ A. she uses English in foreign trade B. she is fascinated by languages C. she works as a translator D. she is a writer by profession ‎[解析]推理判断题。此句中the tool of my trade中的trade指的是职业。由本文第一句可知"我"是一名作家；此句又说语言是"我"的职业工具，故此句指的自然是"我"的职业为作家。[答案]D ‎2．The author used to think of her mother' s English as ________.‎ A. impolite B. amusing C. imperfect D. practical ‎[解析]推理判断题。由文中倒数第二段中"...because she expressed them imperfectly，her thoughts were imperfect"一句可知选C，作者一度以为自己妈妈所说的英语是不完美的。[答案]C ‎3．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?‎ A. Americans do not understand broken English.‎ B. The author' s mother was not respected sometimes.‎ C. The author' s mother had positive influence on her.‎ D. Broken English always reflects imperfect thoughts.‎ ‎[解析]细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段最后一句话可知选B。此题易误选D。其实，此句只是"我"小时候对妈妈的一种误解，由最后一段可知这种误解已经消除了，因此D项的说法是不对的。[答案]B ‎4．The author gradually realizes her mother's English is________.‎ A. well structured B. in the old style C. easy to translate D. rich in meaning ‎[解析]推理判断题。由最后一段可知，我写小说时开始运用她与我说话时所用的英语。我尽力地保留她语言的精髓，但未运用她所使用的英语或汉语的结构。我想领悟语言能力测试中所不能反映但我妈妈语言中所包含的意思。故选D。[答案]D ‎5．What is the passage mainly about?‎ A. The change of the author' s attitude to her mother' s English.‎ B. The limitation of the author' s perception of her mother.‎ C. The author's misunderstanding of "limited" English.‎ D. The author' s experiences of using broken English.‎ ‎[解析]主旨大意题。本文以时间为线索，讲述了作者对妈妈所使用的语言的不同态度，故选A。[答案]A ‎[三]‎ Intellectual property (IP) is a product of the mind that has commercial value. The concept dates back to 1623, when the first patent law to protect IP rights was passed. IP rights protect an artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by another. For example, if somebody generates an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by IP rights. If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further，he/she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use. Back in the 17th century，IP rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing，but today, intellectual property rights are also enjoyed by those who create music, art and literature.‎ ‎　　In recent years, IP rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether：the Internet. Many years ago, if you wanted a recording of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store；if a novel，from a book store. In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it. However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet. This practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view IP rights.‎ ‎5. According to the writer, in the beginning, IP rights were mainly of use to________.‎ A. those creating music，art and literature B. novelists C. engineers and inventors D. those not receiving financial reward for their work ‎[解析]细节判断题。从第一段最后两句可以判断出知识产权主要对工程师和发明家的创作成果有保护作用。[答案]C ‎6. What do we know about the Internet according to the passage?‎ A. It makes IP rights harder to protect.‎ B. It sells songs and films.‎ C. It does not affect the way we understand IP rights.‎ D. It prevents the production of artwork.‎ ‎[解析]细节判断题。从第二段的"...because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether..."可以判断出答案。[答案]A ‎7. According to Paragraph 2, what has "taken the world by storm" ?‎ A. Intellectual property rights. B. The Internet.‎ C. Free downloading. D. The large number of songs, films and books.‎ ‎[解析]　细节判断题。第二段最后一句中的"This practice"代指上句中提到的"can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet."，故选C项。[答案]C ‎8. A possible title for this passage could be________.‎ A. A History of IP Rights B. Ways to Protect Your IP Rights C. The Present and the Future of IP D. IP Rights and Our Attitudes ‎[解析]主旨大意题。本文从头到尾都是围绕知识产权和我们的态度这两方面写的。[答案]D ‎[四]‎ Cities alarmed by deaths and injuries of pedestrians are taking efforts to make crosswalks safer for people on foot, especially seniors and children who need more time to cross streets.‎ A pedestrian is killed in a traffic accident in the USA every 110 minutes; one is injured every nine minutes, according to official data. Crosswalks can be especially dangerous for the elderly. Among people 70 and older,36% of pedestrian deaths in 2006 occurred in crosswalks, compared with 21% of those younger than 70, according to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.‎ The Federal Highway Administration(FHWA) advises that next year states increase by nearly 15% the amount of time traffic lights provide for pedestrians to cross the street after the flashing orange hand appears.‎ FHWA spokesman Doug Hecox says reasons for the change include an aging population that needs more time to cross, healthconscious Americans walking more ，children encouraged to walk to prevent getting overweight and high gas prices pushing people to walk instead of drive.‎ Pedestrian deaths went down by 12% from 5,449 in 1996 to 4,784 in 2006. But among those in 2006,471 were killed in crosswalks, down slightly from 488 ten years earlier, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration(NHTSA) says.‎ ‎[语篇解读]　横过马路时，行人的意外死亡率居高不下。很多城市正在努力采取措施保证行人过马路的安全，尤其是老人和孩子。‎ ‎1．Which of the following is true according to the text?‎ A. Among 100 pedestrian deaths there were 21 people younger than 70.‎ B. Old people are more likely to meet with accidents in crosswalks.‎ C. Traffic accidents killed more old people than young people.‎ D. About seven traffic accidents happened per hour.‎ ‎[解析]事实细节题。第二段第二三句告诉我们：老年人在十字路口遭遇交通事故的可能性最大。[答案]B ‎2．What is FHWA's suggestion to states?‎ A. Fixing more traffic lights.‎ B. Providing more crosswalks.‎ C. Giving pedestrians more time to cross streets.‎ D. Increasing the time before the orange lights appear.‎ ‎[解析]事实细节题。第三段告诉我们FHWA建议给行人更多的时间通过路口。[答案]C ‎3．What's the cause of the crosswalk safety problem according to the text?‎ A. There're many cars and buses on the road. B. Pedestrians are careless.‎ C. Crosswalks are crowded. D. Drivers don't give way.‎ ‎[解析]推理判断题。第四段指出：老年人需要更多的时间通过马路，有健康意识的人也好步行，儿童被鼓励步行以防止发胖，油价较高也让人们更倾向于步行而不是驾车。由此可知十字路口的安全问题是过度拥挤。[答案]C ‎4．The report from NHTSA suggests that ________.‎ A. fewer people were injured in crosswalks B. crosswalk safety has been greatly improved C. much has been done to reduce traffic accidents D. pedestrian deaths in crosswalks remain a serious problem ‎[解析]推理判断题。最后一段NHTSA称：2006年行人死亡人数4,784，比1996年(5,449)降低了12%，但这一数字依旧很高，注意句中用的是down slightly稍微有点下降，所以十字路口的安全问题依然严峻。[答案]D ‎[五]‎ Honesty comes in many forms. First there's self-honesty. Is what people see the real article or do you appear_through_smoke_and_mirrors? I find that if I try to be something I'm not，I feel unsure of myself and take out a part from my PBA(personal bank account). I love how singer Judy Garland put it, "Always be a firstclass version (版本) of yourself, instead of a secondclass version of somebody else."‎ Then there's honesty in our actions. Are you honest at school，with your parents, and with your boss? If you've ever been dishonest，I think we all have, try being honest, and notice how whole it makes you feel. Remember, you can't do wrong and feel right. This story by Jeff is a good example of that：‎ In my second year of study, there were three kids in my math class who didn't do well. I was really good at it. I would charge them three dollars for each test that I helped them pass. I'd write on a little piece of paper all the right answers, and hand them off.‎ At first I felt like I was making money, kind of a nice job. I wasn't thinking about how it could hurt all of us. After a while I realized I shouldn't do that anymore, because I wasn't really helping them. They weren't learning anything, and it would only get harder down the road. Cheating certainly wasn't helping me.‎ It takes courage to be honest when people all around you are getting away with cheating on tests, lying to their parents, and stealing at work. But, remember, every act of honesty is a deposit(储蓄)into your PBA and will build strength.‎ ‎[语篇解读]　诚实可以反映在生活的各个方面，对于我们来说，首先要做一个诚实的自我。‎ ‎1．The underlined part "appear through smoke and mirrors" in the first paragraph means"________"．‎ A. to be honest B. to be unreal C. to become clear D. to come from an imagined world ‎[解析]猜测词义题。第一段第二句：人们看到的是真实的你还是出现在雾里、镜里的你？由此可知：appear through smoke and mirrors为"to be unreal"，表示"不真实"的意思。[答案]B ‎2．Which of the following can best explain Judy Garland's words?‎ A. Be your true self rather than follow others.‎ B. Don't copy others or you can't be the first class.‎ C. Make efforts to be the first instead of the second.‎ D. Don't learn from others unless they're excellent.‎ ‎[解析]推理判断题。综观全文，这句话可以理解为：做一个真正的自我，不要一味效仿别人。‎ ‎[答案]A ‎3．What does the author expect to show by Jeff's story?‎ A. Honesty can be of great help.‎ B. A bad thing can be turned into a good one.‎ C. Helping others cheat can do good to nobody.‎ D. One should realize the wrong in his bad deeds.‎ ‎[解析]事实细节题。第二段最后一句告诉我们：通过讲述Jeff的故事，作者希望人们做错了事情，应该自己意识到错误。[答案]D ‎4．In the last paragraph the author mainly wants to express________.‎ A. one must be brave to be honest B. it's difficult to be honest when others are not C. one should be honest when making a deposit D. honesty in one's actions can help him in the future ‎[解析]主旨大意题。最后一段告诉我们：人们减实的举动，会对自己的未来有益。[答案]D ‎[六]‎ You know how wonderful you are, and you know that others know how wonderful you are, but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy? For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship. When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do, but the good news is that there is. Don't let jealousy spoil your relationships. Tackle it headon and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think.‎ It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is, but if you want to save your friendship you'll have to do just that. Don't approach them and ask why they are jealous of you (unless of course you want to appear totally conceited), just take some time alone with them and let them know that you've been feeling like there's been something coming between you. If they refuse to respond, then use the opportunity to explain how you have been feeling. Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.‎ When you figure out what is annoying your friend, ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make the situation better. If, for example, (s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesn't get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from tee swim team then maybe you could invite her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you. Remember, though, that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise. Don't limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy. Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.‎ Even the best of friendships can be tinged by jealousy. This destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies. Before taking extreme action, chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise.If you can't, be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friendand how far you won't.‎ 解读：本文是关于人际关系的话题。尤其是青少年朋友之间会因为嫉妒而使相互间的友谊被破坏，本文着重讲述如何处理被朋友嫉妒及处理过程中可能遇到的困难。‎ ‎1. According to the author, the jealousy emotion is________.‎ A. normal B. productive C. destructive D. extreme ‎[解析]细节理解题，由第一段第二句．..that this jealousy is hurting，your friendship.可知。[答案]C ‎2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to confront your friend when jealousy happens?‎ A. Walking up to him/her and asking him/her why he/she is jealous of you.‎ B. Walking up to him/her and asking him/her what the problem is.‎ C. Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know how you feel.‎ D. Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know you think there's something between you.‎ ‎[解析]细节理解题。由第二段第二句Don't approach them and ask why they are jealous of you可知。[答案]A ‎43. The underlined "it" in the first paragraph refers to________.‎ A. friendship B. relationship C. admiration D. jealousy ‎[解析]细节理解题。由文章第一段可知。[答案]D ‎4. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?‎ A. There's always a solution to solve the problem of jealousy.‎ B. Jealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies.‎ C. You may lose a friend to keep your own gifts, chances or self development.‎ D. You should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution ‎[解析]推理判断题。[答案]C ‎5. The purpose of the passage is________.‎ A. to explain what causes jealousy B. to offer some advice on making friends C. to introduce the way to cope with a jealous friend D. to explain how destructive the jealous emotion is ‎[解析]　作者意图题。通读全文可知，本文酌写作目的是介绍处理有嫉妒心朋友的方法。[答案]C ‎[七]‎ Pop stars today enjoy what once only belonged to the royalty (皇室). Wherever they go, people turn out in their thousands to greet them. The crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colorfully dressed idols. The stars are transported in their chauffeur driven RollsRoyces, private helicopters or executive aeroplanes. They are surrounded by a permanent entourage(随从) of managers, press agents and bodyguards. Photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported，for, like royalty, pop stars are news. If they enjoy many of the privileges of royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well. It is dangerous for them to make unscheduled appearances in public. They must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds who idolize them. They are no longer private individuals, but public property. The financial rewards they receive for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are great.‎ And why not? Society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly. The great days of Hollywood have become legendary: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation (奉承) on an all time scale. By today' s standards, the excesses of Hollywood do not seem quite so spectacular. A single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did. The competition for the title "Top of the Pops" is fierce, but the rewards are truly huge.‎ It is only right that the stars should be paid in this way. Don't the top men in industry earn enormous salaries for the service they perform to their companies and their countries? Pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency - often more than large industrial companies - and the taxman can only be grateful for their massive annual contributions to the exchequer(国库). So who would begrudge them their rewards?‎ It' s all very well for people in boring jobs to complain about the successes and rewards of others. People who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg. For every famous star, there are hundreds of others struggling to earn a living. A man working in a steady job and looking forward to a pension at the end of it has no right to expect very high rewards. He has chosen security and peace of mind, so there will always be a limit to what he can earn. But a man who attempts to become a star is taking enormous risks. He knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top. He knows that years of concentrated effort may be rewarded with complete failure.But he knows, too, that the rewards for success are very high indeed: they are the payback for the huge risks involved and once he makes it, he will certainly earn them. That' s the essence of private enterprise.‎ ‎[语篇解读]明星的生活总是令人羡慕不已。他们的生活中有光鲜的一面：不菲的收入，以豪华汽车和私人飞机代步，一言一行都成为人们关注的焦点......然而，我们也应看到，他们活得很累，他们为成功所付出的艰辛和代价是一般人难以想象的。‎ ‎1．The author develops the passage mainly by ________.‎ A. comparing different ideas B. giving explanations C. inferring D. listing typical examples ‎[解析]篇章结构题。本文主要通过解释向读者阐明道理。[答案]B ‎2．The underlined word "begrudge" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.‎ A. be jealous of B. be satisfied with C. be anxious about D. be crazy about ‎[解析]词义猜测题。结合上下文的语境判断本句意为：谁会对他们所得到的感到妒忌、不满呢？接下来作者讲了一般人从事枯燥但稳定的工作，所以这里意思是：从事稳定工作的人会妒忌这些明星。[答案]A ‎3．According to the passage, which of the following can match the view of the author?‎ A. He who laughs last laughs best.‎ B. If you venture nothing, you will gain nothing.‎ C. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.‎ D. Success belongs to the persevering.‎ ‎[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，想成为明星就要冒更大的风险，然而一旦成功，回报也是丰厚的，那些选择了稳定工作的人是没有权利期待高额回报的。"If you venture nothing，you will gain nothing."意为：不入虎穴，焉得虎子，即要成功就要冒险。[答案]B ‎4．The author holds a(n) ________attitude towards the high income of pop stars.‎ A. critical B. approval C. optimistic D. indifferent ‎[解析]推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者认为明星们理应得到高收入，因为他们为此付出了高昂的代价。[答案]B ‎5．Which of the following is true according to the passage?‎ A. People are blind in idolizing stars.‎ B. There is fierce competition in becoming pop stars.‎ C. The government taxes pop stars very little.‎ D. Pop stars' life is more luxurious than that of royalty.‎ ‎[解析]细节判断题。根据文章最后一段的"He knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top."以及第二段的最后一句可知答案。[答案]B ‎[八]‎ Can you believe your eyes? A recent experiment suggests that the answer to that question may depend on your age.‎ Martin Doherty, a psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland, led the team of scientists. In this experiment, Doherty and his team tested the perception(观察力) of some people, using pictures of some orange circles. The researchers showed the same pictures to two groups of people. The first group included 151 children aged 4 to 10, and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25.‎ The first group of pictures showed two circles alone on a white background. One of the circles was larger than the other, and these people were asked to identify the larger one. Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 percent of the time. Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time.‎ Next, both groups were shown a picture where the orange circles, again of different sizes, were surrounded by gray circles. Here's where the trick lies in. In some of the pictures, the smaller orange circle was surrounded by even smaller gray circles - making the orange circle appear larger than the other orange circle, which was the real larger one. And the larger orange circle was surrounded by even bigger gray circles - so it appeared to be smaller than the real smaller orange circle.‎ When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures, they weren't fooled-they were still able to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before. Older children and adults, on the other hand, did not do as well. Older children often identified the smaller circle as the larger one, and adults got it wrong most of the time.‎ As children get older, Doherty said, their brains may develop the ability to identify visual context. In other words, they will begin to process the whole picture at once: the tricky gray circles, as well as the orange circle in the middle. As a result, they're more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick.‎ ‎1. Doherty and his team of scientists did an experiment to evaluate________.‎ A. children's and adults' eye-sight B. people's ability to see accurately C. children's and adults' brains D. the influence of people's age ‎[解析]考查细节理解能力。第二段第二行可以得出结论。[答案]B ‎2. When asked to find the larger circle，________.‎ A. children at 6 got it wrong 79 % of the time with no gray ones around B. only adults over 18 got it right 95% of the time with gray ones around C. children at 4 got it right about 79 % of the time with gray ones around D. adults got it right most of the time with gray ones around ‎[解析]考查细节理解能力。第三段清晰地说明了辨别圆圈的比例。[答案]C ‎3. According to the passage, we can know that________.‎ A. a smaller orange circle appears bigger on a white background B. an orange circle appears bigger than a gray one of the same size C. a circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real size D. a circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size ‎[解析]考查细节理解能力，对第四段整体的理解和第五段最后一句可以得出答案。[答案]D ‎4. Visual context may work when children get older than________.‎ A. 4 B. 6 C. 10 D. 18‎ ‎[解析]考查推理判断能力。从第五段和第六段第一句判断得出答案。[答案]B ‎5. Why are younger children not fooled?‎ A. Because they are smarter than older children and adults.‎ B. Because older people are influenced by their experience.‎ C. Because people's eyes become weaker as they grow older.‎ D. Because their brain can hardly notice related things together.‎ ‎[解析]考查推理判断能力。第四、五、六段提及到46岁小孩和6岁以上小孩的区别是判断的依据。[答案]D ‎[九]‎ ‎"Luck is a matter of preparation meeting opportunity，" said the American talk show host Oprah Winfrey. I' ve never watched her show, but when a self-made billionaire gives life advice it' s probably worth listening to.‎ Her point is that blind luck is very rare. You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you. If you' re a Chinese，you may already be familiar with the tale of a farmer waiting by a tree stump (树桩) for a rabbit to run out and break its neck.‎ A book by the UK psychologist Richard Wiseman, called The Luck Factor, argues we can all make ourselves luckier. It' s not about going to a temple to burn some incense (香) in hopes that the gods will give you good fortune; it' s practical advice you can follow each day.‎ Wiseman conducted an experiment as part of his studies. First he divided volunteers into two groups：those who said they were lucky in life and those who said they were not. He gave everyone a newspaper and asked them to look through it to count how many photographs it had inside. On average, the unlucky people took about two minutes to count the photographs while the lucky people took just seconds. Why? On the second page of the newspaper, a command, "Stop counting. There are 43 photographs in this newspaper，" was written in big letters. The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message.‎ It's easy to compare this situation to a young person looking for jobs in a local paper. They might search so hard for one type of position that they miss an even better opportunity. People who are "lucky"， in fact, keep an open mind and don't go through the same routine every day.‎ I first came to China in 2002 when it was considered a rather strange thing to do. Like many foreigners，my plan was to teach English for one year. Seven years later, and still here, I' ve had many great opportunities such as writing for newspapers and magazines. I did not dream these would have been possible. I' ve also never been sick, had an accident, got into a fight or had problems with the police. Coincidence? After reading about Professor Wiseman' s studies I think not.‎ As Wiseman advises, I usually trust my own judgment. Your friends and parents may give you advice based on rational thinking, but it's important to consider how you feel about each choice you make. Your feeling acts as a warning for a potential problem.‎ Finally, try to turn bad luck into good. Even if you do fall down and break a leg, the time spent at home can be used wisely to study English.‎ ‎[语篇解读]本文为议论文。作者认为命运只垂青那些有所准备的人。身处逆境，不要怨天尤人，要想方设法化厄运为好运。每个人都可以做自己命运的主人。‎ ‎1．Which of the following proverbs most agrees with the writer' s point?‎ A. Make the best of a bad job. B. Rome was not built in a day.‎ C. All is not gold that glitters. D. A good heart conquers ill fortune.‎ ‎[解析]推理判断题。Make the best of a bad job意为"身处山穷水尽，力争柳暗花明"，与最后一段作者的观点"try to turn bad luck into good(把厄运变好运)"最为接近。故答案为A。Rome was not built in a day意为"伟业非一日可成"；All is not gold that glitters意为"闪光的东西并不都是金子"；A good heart conquers ill fortune意为"善心克厄运"。[答案]A ‎2．What do you know about Oprah Winfrey?‎ A. She became famous through her family background.‎ B. She was very lucky and seldom suffered setbacks in her life.‎ C. She is a British talk show host.‎ D. She became successful by her own effort.‎ ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的a self-made billionaire可知美国talk show主持人oprah Winfrey是从白手起家，通过自我奋斗而成名的。[答案]D ‎3．The writer quoted the Chinese tale of a farmer in order to show________.‎ A. luck is in your own hand B. bad luck can turn into good C. you should not sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you D. man can conquer nature ‎[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段内容可以判断，作者引用中国"守株待兔"的故事是为了说明"人们不应该待在家里等待机会的降临"的观点。[答案]C ‎4．From the experiment Wiseman drew the conclusion that________.‎ A. lucky people are quick-minded B. unlucky people are slow to read C. lucky people often have an open mind D. unlucky people are more creative ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据第四、五段内容，尤其是第五段最后一句可知，Wiseman通过试验得出结论："幸运的人"具有开放的心态，做事不墨守成规。[答案]C ‎5．The underlined word "spot" is the closest in meaning to"________"．‎ A. recognize B. mark C. locate D. receive ‎[解析]词义猜测题。根据上文语境及The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message可知spot在句中用作及物动词，是"发现，识别"之意。[答案]A ‎[十]‎ Topping the class academically was certainly an advantage. Studying was a breeze for Nigel. The reward was certainly incomparable to the little effort that he had to put in. It began when he was selected to help the teachers in the computer laboratories.‎ The peak of his school career came not when he topped the school but when he was selected for the nationwide competition. Unlike everyone else, Nigel wanted to join the contest because he liked playing with the Lego sets and making something out of them. Nigel spent the next two months rebuilding his robot. It was during this time that Nigel found out about the prizes for the competition as well as another competitor，Alicia，from a neighboring school. His early intentions were forgotten. Getting the thousand dollar prize was more important than anything else. Nigel decided to befriend Alicia. Unaware of his intentions，she told him all about ‎ the robot that she had been building for the competition. He even helped her to put the finishing touches to her robot. He was glad with the way things had progressed. His robot looked even better than Alicia's and it was able to bounce a ball with its arm, something Alicia had failed to do.‎ On the day of the competition, he saw Alicia. Everything dawned on her the minute she saw him among the competitors. She stared at him, puzzled at first, then angry and finally a look of helplessness came over her.‎ The flashbulbs of the camera exploded in Nigel's face. The robot had performed actions so unique and different that the specialists'judgments were the same. Nigel was so pleased with himself that he did not even notice the girl standing a few feet away from him. Without her, he would never have won the competition.‎ ‎5. What reward did Nigel receive for doing well in his school work?‎ A. He was offered a part-time job.‎ B. He was honored with a scholarship.‎ C. He helped his teachers construct a robot.‎ D. He helped in the computer laboratories.‎ ‎[解析]细节理解题。由文中第一段"It began when he was selected to help the teachers in the computer laboratories."可以得知答案。[答案]D ‎6. Nigel's original intention of joining the contest was to________.‎ A. be the top student of the school B. bring great honor to his school C. construct a robot with the Lego sets D. win the thousand dollar prize ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段"Unlike everyone else，Nigel wanted to join the contest because he liked playing with the Lego sets and making something out of them."可以看出答案。[答案]C ‎7. Why did Nigel help Alicia finish her robot?‎ A. He tried to make friends with her.‎ B. He was fond of building robots.‎ C. He intended to help her.‎ D. He didn't want her to suspect him.‎ ‎[解析]推理判断题。由文中第二段"...as well as another competitor，Alicia，from a neighboring school. His early intentions were forgotten. Getting the thousand dollar prize was more important than anything else."能够推断出答案。[答案]D ‎8. What is the author's attitude towards Nigel's actions?‎ A. He is mildly critical. B. He is strongly critical.‎ C. He is in favor of them. D. His attitude is not clear.‎ ‎[解析]观点态度题。根据文中第一段第二、三句"Studying was a breeze for Nigel. The reward was certainly incomparable to the little effort that he had to put in."可以判断学习对于他是不费吹灰之力的事，他付出很少的努力就能的到奖赏当然就是举世无双的了，言语中带着讽刺。[答案]A