【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解七选五类型原创试题学案之一

【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解七选五类型原创试题学案之一

‎2020届二轮复习 阅读理解七选五类型原创试题学案之一 ‎【一】‎ ‎__1__ If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market. You might sell some to your neighbor and some to the local manager of the supermarket. But in either case, you are producing for the market. __2__ If people stop buying tomatoes, you will stop producing them.‎ If you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are producing for the market. If your father is a steel worker or a truck driver or a doctor or a grocer, he is producing goods or service for the market.‎ ‎__3__ You may spend money in stores, supermarkets, gas stations and restaurants. Still you are buying from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck, he is buying your labor in the labor market.‎ ‎__4__ But for each person or business that is making and selling something, it is very concrete. If nobody buys your tomatoes, it won't be long before you get the message. __5__ It is telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesn't want you to do.‎ A．The market may be something abstract.‎ B．The sellers are always smarter than buyers.‎ C．When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market.‎ D．The market is a concept.‎ E．One has to make his ends meet when shopping.‎ F．The market is telling you something.‎ G．Your efforts are being directed by the market.‎ 答案及解析：本文通过列举种种情况，阐述的是市场的含义。‎ ‎1．D　根据下文列举的情况，该空格应该是点明本文谈论的话题。‎ ‎2．G　根据空前的内容及空后的内容，可知此空讲述的是市场的作用。‎ ‎3．C　根据下文“You may spend money in stores, supermarkets, ...”可知，此处讲述本段的主旨。‎ ‎4．A　根据下文中“But..., it is very concrete.”以及__1__的内容可推断，且选项A中的abstract为关键词。‎ ‎5．F　根据下文中“It is telling you that you are using energies...”可知。‎ ‎【二】‎ Winter begins in the north on December 22nd. People and animals have been doing what they always do to prepare for the colder months. Squirrels, for example, have been busy gathering nuts from trees. __1__‎ They examined differences between red squirrels and gray squirrels in the American state of Indiana. The scientists wanted to know how these differences could affect the growth of black walnut (黑胡桃) trees. __2__The black walnut tree is also a central part of some hardwood forests.‎ Rob Swihart of Purdue University did the study with Jake Goheen, a former Purdue student now at the University of New Mexico. The two researchers estimate that several times as many walnuts grow when gathered by gray squirrels as compared to red squirrels. Gray squirrels and red squirrels do not store nuts and seeds in the same way. Gray squirrels bury nuts one at a time in a number of places. __3__. So some nuts remain in the ground. Conditions are right for them to develop and grow the following spring. Red squirrels, however, store large groups of nuts above ground. ‎ ‎__4__ But Professor Swihart says their numbers began to decrease as more forests were cut for agriculture. Red squirrels began to spread through the state during the past century. The researchers say red squirrels are native to forests that stay green all year, unlike walnut trees.‎ ‎ They say the cleaning of forest land for agriculture has helped red squirrels invade (涌入) Indiana. __5__‎ A．Gray squirrels are native to Indiana.‎ B．But they seldom remember where they buried every nut.‎ C．Red squirrels bury nuts in a different way.‎ D．The black walnut is the nut of choice for both kinds of squirrels.‎ E．Jake Goheen calls them a sign of an environmental problem more than a cause.‎ F．Scientists are worried that they will drive away the gray squirrels.‎ G．Well, scientists have been busy gathering information about what the squirrels do with the food they collect.‎ 本文为说明文，讲述的是研究发现松鼠在收集walnut时存在的一些不同，并通过研究寻找这些不同的原因。‎ ‎1．G　根据下段“They examined differences between red squirrels and gray squirrels in the American state of Indiana.”可知该项中的scientists为关键信息。‎ ‎2．D　根据空后句“The black walnut tree is also a central part of some...”中的also可知。‎ ‎3．B　根据下文中“So some nuts remain in the ground.”可知，该空与下文为因果关系。故填B。‎ ‎4．A　根据下文讲述的内容可知，此处应为主题句，并且与下句为转折关系，文中“are native to”为关键点。‎ ‎5．E　该选项中的“them”与上文所提到的信息一致。‎ ‎【三】‎ How to Improve Eyesight Naturally Eyes are important for everybody. You must take care and try everything in your hand to keep them in good condition. Here are some of the tips to improve your eyesight naturally. ‎ ‎__1__ ‎ Strain is known to be a factor in many health conditions and eyestrain is no exception. Try meditation, yoga or other methods of stress ‎ relief to improve your vision and overall health.‎ Try palming.‎ Sit upright in a comfortable chair. __2__ Cup your hands so that there is no pressure on your eyes. Let your fingers rest across your forehead. There should be no light entering your eyes. Palming should be done for a period of 5 to 10 minutes to start. Palming should be relaxing. It may help to do palming in a darkened room.‎ Avoid sugar as much as possible.‎ ‎__3__ It will unpleasantly affect your eyesight, which affects the eyes by producing a larger amount of insulin (胰岛素) in the blood. Therefore you shouldn't be having much fruit juice or something that contains a lot of sugar.‎ Exercise your eyes.‎ The only exercise most eyes get is that daily rubbing we give them when we're tired or suffering from eyestrain. But eye exercises are actually good for your eyes and can improve your vision. __4__ Blink as fast as you can for a few seconds then close your eyes tightly, open and repeat. Do this exercise 3 to 4 times daily.‎ Eat healthy.‎ You probably hear that statement all the time but eating the right foods are necessary to good health. __5__ Foods that are high in fiber, vitamin C, D and beta carotene as well as other vitamins and minerals can help improve your vision. Here are a few foods that can be beneficial to good vision: carrots, eggs, blueberries, spinach, kale, grapes, and fresh garlic.‎ A．Reduce eyestrain.‎ B．Keep your eyes moist.‎ C．Sugar is your eye's worst enemy.‎ D．Give your eyes a workout with the following exercise.‎ E．You may not be aware that your diet affects your vision but it does.‎ F．Close eyes and cover them with the palms of your hands.‎ G．Be sure to get plenty of sleep so your eyes don't strain to stay open during the day.‎ 本文为说明文，讲述的是如何自然地改善视力问题，并提出一些相应的建议。‎ ‎1．A　从该tip中的内容可知，该段讲述的内容与strain有关，故可知答案。‎ ‎2．F　根据Try palming可知答案是F。‎ ‎3．C　根据主题中的sugar可知答案是C。‎ ‎4．D　根据下文可知，该空内容应引出下面要讲述的锻炼眼睛的语句，故选D。‎ ‎5．E　根据Eat healthy可知，该段内容讲述的与饮食有关，故选E。‎ ‎【四】‎ The key to losing weight is to understand what really motivates you. Have you ever been excited about losing a few pounds? ___1___ And to help you keep your weight under control, you need some coping strategies.‎ Ask questions. When you're researching different dieting products and plans or even talking to a doctor about diets, ask as many questions as you can. ___2___ Ask questions like: Do I have to purchase special meals or supplements? Does the program include a part to help me maintain my weight loss?‎ Get real. ___3___ Don't burden yourself with unrealistic expectations. Remember, large amounts of weight loss are not realistic and are most likely not safe or healthy. Talk with your health care professional to determine a healthy weight goal.‎ ‎___4___ To maintain your weight, you must balance your intake of calories with the energy you burn. Just 30 minutes of fast walking in most days can take about 10 pounds off your weight each year.‎ Weigh yourself weekly. It's important to track your weight on any diet or weight loss plan, but don't get on the scale every day. Weighing daily won't show you the big picture. ___5___‎ A．Stay balanced.‎ B．Once a week is fine.‎ C．Stick with your healthy eating plan.‎ D．Losing one to two pounds a week is a realistic goal.‎ E．Being well informed will help you choose the best diet for you.‎ F．Regular weight checkins will show you your progress over time.‎ G．If so, you must find a way to turn that excitement into determination.‎ 这是一篇说明文，文章就“减肥”提出了几点建议。‎ ‎1．G　根据空前一句“减掉几磅肉你会激动吗？”可知，G项“如果那样的话，你必须想办法把激动变成决心”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎2．E　本段讲述了要进行详细的咨询。空前一句提到要尽可能多问问题，E项“熟悉情况会帮你为自己选择最好的饮食”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。‎ ‎3．D　本段讲述了要制定现实的目标。根据空后一句“不要用不现实的目标给自己增加负担”可知，D项“每周减掉一至两磅肉是现实的目标”引出下文，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎4．A　根据下文的“To maintain your weight, you must balance your intake of calories with the energy you burn.”可知，本段讲的是摄入与消耗的热量要均衡。A项“保持均衡”统领本段，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎5．B　根据本段第一句“每周称体重”和空前一句“天天称体重不会给你呈现大变化”可知，B项“一周称一次即可”承接上文，与本段开头对应，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎【五】‎ A simple life means getting rid of many of the things you do so that you can spend more time with people you love and do the things you love. __1__It's often a journey of two steps forward and one backward.‎ Evaluate your time. __2__ What things do you do from the time you wake up to the time you go to sleep? Make a list, and evaluate whether ‎ they're in line with your priorities. If not, remove them and focus on what's important. Redesign your day.‎ Limit your communications. Our lives these days are filled with a vast flow of communications: e－mail, cell phones, paper mail, Twitter, forums, and more. __3__ Instead, set a limit on your communications: only deal with e－mails at certain times of the day. Limit phone calls to certain times too. It is the same with other communications. Set a schedule and stick to it.‎ Try living without a car. OK, this isn't something I've done, but many others have. __4__ Walk, bike, or take public transportation. It reduces expenses and gives you time to think. A car is also very complicated, needing not only car payments, but insurance, maintenance, repairs, gas and more.‎ ‎__5__ If you rid your home of stuff, you might find you don't need so much space. I'm not saying you should live on a boat (although I know some people who happily do so), but if you can be comfortable in a smaller home, it will not only be less expensive, but easier to maintain, and greatly simplify your life.‎ A．Consider a smaller home.‎ B．Have a place for everything. ‎ C．How do you spend your day?‎ D．It's something I would do if I didn't have kids.‎ E．They can take up your whole day if you let them be.‎ F．However, getting to simplicity isn't always a simple process.‎ G．Most people don't know what “enough” is, and thus they keep buying more.‎ 本文讲述的是如何使生活简单化而去做你喜欢做的事，并花费更多时间陪伴你爱的人。‎ ‎1．F　根据“it's often a journey of two steps forward and one backward.”可知。‎ ‎2．C　根据句式结构一致原则，下文均为疑问句，并结合下文讲述的内容可知。‎ ‎3．E　根据下文“instead”这一关键过渡词，以及下文“set a limit on your communications”可知。‎ ‎4．D　根据上句“this isn't something I've done, but many others have.”可知。‎ ‎5．A　根据句式一致原则，该空应用祈使句，结合下文讲述的内容可确定答案是A。‎ ‎【六】‎ If you are thinking about getting a dog and you have children, you need to take several factors into consideration. __1__‎ Steps 1. Consider the age(s) of your children. ‎ ‎__2__ However, with proper monitoring and education, pet ownership with younger children is possible. Most children over the age of 10 can handle the responsibilities of dog ownership. ‎ ‎2．__3__‎ Make sure your child understand the basic care a pet requires. Discuss feeding and grooming (梳刷), as well as cleaning up after your pet. Explain to your child that a dog should be treated with respect and kindness so it will be happy. ‎ Young dogs need a lot of attention and significant training. __4__‎ ‎3．Choose a breed (品种) that is good with children. ‎ Make sure that the breed is tolerant of physical contact and matches the temperament of your child. Assess the activity level and personality of your family. __5__ If your family lives a less active lifestyle, consider a breed that does not require several walks a day. ‎ ‎4．Meet the dog before adoption. ‎ Whether you go through a breeder, animal shelter, arrange a meeting with your family and the dog before you take the dog home. Make sure the dog will get used to your family. ‎ A．If your family is physically active, explore energetic breeds that enjoy a lot of exercise.‎ B．Experts recommend getting a dog once children reach 10 years of ‎ age. ‎ C．If your family does not have time or energy for a younger dog, find a dog that is over 2 years old. ‎ D．Discuss the responsibilities of owning a dog with your children. ‎ E．Parents still choose to bring dogs into their families with little instruction or research. ‎ F．Finding the best dog for children and choosing a dog breed that will match your family's needs is important. ‎ G．Did your neighbor tell you they have free puppies, all you have to do is come over and choose one?‎ 本文是一篇说明文，向读者讲述了如何为孩子选择宠物狗。‎ ‎1．F　根据空格的位置，可知此处应选择具有总结性的选项为答案。‎ ‎2．B　根据step 1中所述内容，选择狗时要考虑孩子的年龄，故答案为B。‎ ‎3．D　根据句式结构一致原则，可知此处应为祈使句，结合整段讲述的话题，可知D为答案。‎ ‎4．C　根据上文小狗需要照顾和训练，因此选择小狗时要考虑大一点的狗。‎ ‎5．A　根据上文“Assess the activity level and personality of your family.”可知答案是A。‎ ‎【七】‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ As the saying goes, you can not change the environment, but can change yourself. __1__ You can not change the past, but can change now.‎ ‎ __2__ Winners will put setbacks and difficulties down to the imperfection of personal ability and experience, to emphasize the inherent factors, and they are willing to continuously improve and develop the right direction. However, the losers are always emphasizing external and uncontrollable factors that have created the position of their life.__3__‎ ‎ They always complain, wait and give up!‎ In many cases, it is a humble person who looks down upon his own. A priori condition, such as one's appearance and family, can't be changed, but at least the inner state and the spirit of the will are entirely under their own control. __4__ There is nothing absolutely bad, but the mentality of the absolutely poor people. If even the state of mind will not be adjusted, how they deal with things more complicated than the mentality of it!‎ ‎__5__ Passion put to work and numbness to work are completely different. Failure is seldom because we do not have the strength, but always because we are susceptible to all around us, and get used to going along with the lack of assertive, unstable attitude, and easily frustrated reason. As long as we change our attitude and face a number of disappointments in life bravely, we can feel the power of attitude, which decides the height of the final decision.‎ A．Only when we are the masters of our own, can we do everything well.‎ B．They will blame on injustice of the opportunity and the environment.‎ C．Mentality is the final decision of life high.‎ D．You can't change the facts, but can change attitudes.‎ E．As long as we try our best, we can be successful.‎ F．No matter what the situation, a person's attitude is very important.‎ G．The difference between successful people and the losers lies in their mind.‎ 我们不能改变环境，但却可以改变自己的态度与观念，去努力创造新生活。‎ ‎1．D　根据本段内容及句式结构的并列，不难选出D选项。‎ ‎2．G　句首设空为本段的一个中心句，概括成功者与失败者各自的生活态度与处事方法。‎ ‎3．B　本段中“However”后为失败者常有的生活态度及处事方法，故B项最贴切。‎ ‎4．C　本段关键词“mentality”的作用，故选C。‎ ‎5．F　本段句末“we can feel the power of attitude, which decides the height of the final decision.”，故F项与此相呼应。‎ ‎【八】‎ If you want to study better, you should pay attention to study ways, study skills and study habits. Developing them can help you learn better.‎ Keep your study area tidy and organized. Papers, books, magazines, or pictures all over your work area may distract (使分心) you from the work you have to do. __1__ If there are too many icons on your desktop, it is difficult for you to find what you need immediately.‎ Maintain a quiet work area for yourself. Make sure your work area is free of distractions. There are too many distractions at home, such as a phone, music, TV, friends, or family members. Proper study space can usually be found in the public library, school library, or your bedroom. __2__‎ ‎__3__While learning, you need write, calculate and look up something. So it is very important and necessary to have all the necessary materials and tools that you need with you. In this way, you needn't be busy borrowing them.‎ ‎__4__In addition to reading your textbook, it is helpful to read or view materials from other sources, such as newspapers, magazines, the Internet, and television programs. You can understand what you will learn in class better.‎ Never forget to take notes carefully in class. Taking notes carefully can help to grasp the key parts.__5__We can say that it is really a successful way to study.‎ A．A quiet place can help to improve study efficiency.‎ B．You should know how to schedule your study time.‎ C．The same is your computer desktop. ‎ D．Try hard to learn knowledge as much as possible. ‎ E．It is convenient to review them later.‎ F．Having necessary materials is very beneficial to study. ‎ G．Get ready for class by reading extra materials ahead of time.‎ 如何学习好——本文从学习方法，学习习惯等方面教我们如何学好。‎ ‎1．C　保持你学习的地方整洁有秩序，空后有关键词“desktop”，故选C。‎ ‎2．A　关键词“a quiet place”帮助你提高学习效率，故选A。‎ ‎3．F　关键词“have all the necessary materials and tools that you need with you.”，故选F。‎ ‎4．G　中心内容是“为了课上更好的学习，应提前准备好”，故选G。‎ ‎5．E　本段讲做好笔记对于课下复习的重要性，故选E。‎ ‎【九】‎ Many people write to newspapers and magazines to express their opinions. Letters to the editor must carry the writer's full name，address and telephone number, although the information is not necessary for publication. This requirement to provide personal particulars is a clear indication that the writers are held responsible for what they say. When a writer wants his voice heard, he needs to claim ownership of his voice. __1__‎ ‎“People today prefer living together to putting their signatures on a marriage certificate because they refuse to accept responsibility for the relationship，”said social worker Ken Yip，“and this is what is causing a lot of family problems.”When we sign a paper, for example, a business contract or a bank document, the signature is a seal of consent, an agreement to take the matter seriously. __2__ The absence of a signature, they explain, tells us that the writer cannot be too serious and therefore does not deserve a reply.‎ ‎__3__Multi－billionaire Mr King donates generously to charity several times a year. He gives simply because he wants to help but not for the publicity his donations may bring, and he does not want his good ‎ deeds to make news. In other cases, people insist on anonymity because they are afraid of the consequences of revealing their identity. __4__‎ ‎ __5__ The answer is very personal and lies in how much we want to get involved. We all have a name. It is a matter of responsibility to use it when we make a statement，a claim or an accusation. We all want to honor our own names, and it is only by stamping our expression of an opinion with our own name that we honor what we say.‎ A．Crime witnesses may be willing to assist the police, but most are unwilling to give their names when reporting a crime.‎ B．Sometimes we have no idea when to sign our names.‎ C．What's the meaning of your name?‎ D．Responsibility is the name of the game.‎ E．Name or no name?‎ F．Most governments and many organizations will not process written complains if they do not bear the writer's signature.‎ G．There are people who wish to remain anonymous (匿名的) for various reasons.‎ 本文阐述的是在当今社会签署姓名的重要意义。‎ ‎1．D　根据空格所处的位置可知，该题应选择概括第一段内容的主题句，结合上文的内容可以判断D项正确。‎ ‎2．F　根据上文讲述的商业合同以及银行文件需要签署姓名，可以得知答案为F项，内容相似。‎ ‎3．G　下文的内容表明，此段讲述的是匿名的几种情况，故选G项。‎ ‎4．A　结合3空的主题内容以及空前讲述的几种匿名的情况，可知答案是A。‎ ‎5．E　根据下文“The answer is...”可知该空是一个问题，结合上下文可知这里是议论是否该留下姓名，故选E项。‎ ‎【十】‎ Whether you're a child, teenager, young adult or are middle－aged, respect for your parents is an important value. Your parents are the people who raised you, devoting time, energy and money to your development. __1__ No matter your age, there are 5 ways to show respect.‎ ‎●Respect their belongings. One important way to show respect is to show regard for the things important to your parents. For younger children, this may mean not touching jewelry or other valuable things. For grown children, respect may mean returning a borrowed tool in good condition and on time. Lack of respect for a parent's belongings is a violation of personal boundaries. __2__ And never borrow things without asking first.‎ ‎●Punctuality.‎ ‎__3__ Therefore, always be on time. For teenagers, showing up on time means coming home by curfew (宵禁). Adult children should show up on time for family dinners or events, or to pick a parent up for a medical appointment. Call if you're going to be late because parents worry about children, no matter their age.‎ ‎●__4__ Remembering birthdays, anniversaries and other special days is a sign that you honor your parents. Make plans to take them to lunch or dinner or bake a cake or cookies. Most parents don't expect expensive gifts, but a handmade gift is always appreciated. A phone call from a grown child who lives too far for a visit is a welcome sign of respect.‎ ‎●Be kind.‎ Kind words and affection are simple ways to show respect. Tell your parents you love them. Listen and allow your parents to speak without interruption. Show a sincere interest in what your parents have to say. Be patient with your parents and don't rush them. Never talk back or be rude or disrespectful. Acknowledge your parents' achievements. __5__‎ A．Be a good listener.‎ B．Celebrate with them.‎ C．Lateness indicates a lack of respect.‎ D．Treat your parents the way you would like to be treated.‎ E．And they love you unconditionally throughout your life.‎ F．Being respectful helps build positive relationships with others.‎ G．Don't take advantage of your parents' kindness and generosity.‎ 作为子女我们应该尊重自己的父母。文章从五个方面向我们说明了怎样尊敬父母。‎ ‎1．E　承接前后句，是父母无条件的爱，让我们必须尊敬他们。‎ ‎2．G　提到“Respect their belongings”“never borrow things without asking first”，故G合乎文意。‎ ‎3．C　“always on time”准时，与C项相呼应。‎ ‎4．B　提到生日、周年纪念日与重要的日子，应一起庆祝。‎ ‎5．D　对待父母应该友善，认可他们的成就，故选D。‎ ‎【十一】‎ It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.__1__If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts.‎ Don't get in the center of the conflict.‎ Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help. Frankly speaking, it is very unwise, because it can make you the main figure of the conflict.__2__ You should focus on your own life issues.‎ Be kind.‎ ‎__3__Life is full of conflicts and disagreements, that's why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them. For example, kindness can lessen the conflict.‎ Try to be a peacekeeper.‎ Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts.“__4__”This saying is the life motto of a natural－born peacekeeper. Don't worry if you are not ‎ a natural－born peacekeeper; you can gain this skill during life.‎ Walk off.‎ When the conflict is gathering pace and you can't manage to control yourself, you should choose to handle the situation in another way. By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress. __5__You should get away from the situation for a while.‎ A．Conflicts are unavoidable, so try to accept them.‎ B．The greatest victory is a battle not fought.‎ C．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent.‎ D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence.‎ E．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support.‎ F．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree.‎ G．When someone pushes you to the limit, try to act kindly towards this person.‎ 文章介绍了几种有效避免冲突的方法。‎ ‎1．F　只有知道了冲突的严重危害，我们才能去想法避免它。‎ ‎2．D　因为文中提到了“You should focus on your own life issues.”，故建议你不要涉及到冲突当中去。‎ ‎3．G　本段中的关键词为“kind”和kindly相呼应。‎ ‎4．B　试着当一个和平守护者，即“The greatest victory is a battle not fought.”。‎ ‎5．C　“keep yourself away from stress”即让自己与冲突与对手保持距离或者远离对手。‎ ‎【十二】‎ ‎ How to Build Your Own Website Sixty years ago, people asked about your astrological (星座) sign.__1__These days, having a web address is almost as important as a street address. Your website is an electronic meeting place for your ‎ family, friends and millions of people around the world. Best of all, you may not have to spend a cent. The web is filled with all kinds of free services and all it takes is some time and creativity.‎ ‎__2__ Like the table of contents of a book or magazine, the home page is the front door. Your site can have one or more pages, depending on how you design it.‎ While web pages vary greatly in their design and content, most use a traditional magazine layout (编排). __3__Next comes a greeting and a short description of the site. Pictures, texts; and links to other websites follow.‎ Before you start building your site, do some planning. Think about whom the site is for and what you want to say.‎ ‎__4__‎ Draw a rough layout on a sheet of paper.‎ While there are no rules you have to follow, there are a few things to keep in mind：‎ ‎◆__5__If you aim too high at the beginning, you may never get the site off the ground. You can always add something new to your site.‎ ‎◆Less is better. Most people don't like to read a lot of texts online. Break it into small pieces.‎ ‎◆Smaller is better. Since it takes a long time to download large picture files, keep the file sizes small.‎ Now it's time to roll up your sleeves and start building. Learning the net communities helps provide tools to help you build your site.‎ A．Start simply.‎ B．A personal website is not usual today.‎ C．Nowadays, they want to know your website.‎ D．Pay attention to the contents of your website.‎ E．At the top of the page is a banner (横幅) GRAPHIC.‎ F．Next, gather up the material you want to put on the site.‎ G．Think of your home page as the starting point of your website.‎ 文章告诉了我们如何建立自己的网站。‎ ‎1．C　前文提到六十年前人们谈论星座，空后说建立自己的网站，故C项承前启后。‎ ‎2．G　本段主要讲home page的作用。‎ ‎3．E　关于web pages的内容。‎ ‎4．F　都是建立网站的相关信息与细节。‎ ‎5．A　因为“If you aim too high at the beginning, you may never get the site off the ground.”故应从简单开始。‎ ‎【十三】‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Have you ever found it difficult to understand a text or express your own idea? In fact, someone who always comes across these kinds of problems may have learning disabilities. Today we begin a series of programs about learning disabilities. These are disorders in the ways that people understand or use language. They can affect the ability to listen or think, or to speak or to read and write. They can also affect the ability to do mathematics. __1__ Researchers believe that learning disabilities are caused by differences in the way that the brain works with information. They say children with learning disabilities are unintelligent or do not want to work. __2__‎ Researchers say that as many as one of every five people in the United States has some kind of learning disability. Almost three million children in the United States receive some kind of help in school for a learning disability.‎ ‎__3__ Experts look for a difference between how well a child does in school and the level of intelligence or ability of the child. But there is no one sign of a disorder. A few signs of learning disability include not connecting letters with their sounds or not understanding what is read. A person with a learning disability may not be able to understand a funny story. They may not follow directions. They may not read numbers ‎ correctly or know how to start a task.‎ ‎__4__ One person may have trouble understanding mathematics. Another may have difficulty understanding what people are saying. Still another may not be able to express ideas in writing. These different kinds of learning disabilities are known by different names. For example, a person who has difficulty reading may have dyslexia (诵读困难症)．‎ Experts say learning disabilities cannot be cured. __5__ Teachers and parents can help young people with learning disabilities to learn successfully. ‎ A．Different people have different kinds of learning disabilities.‎ B．Their brains just process information differently than other people.‎ C．People with learning disabilities have difficulty in communicating with others.‎ D．But people who have them can be helped.‎ E．However, practice can really make perfect.‎ F．A person with a learning disability has unusual difficulty in developing these skills.‎ G．How can you tell if someone has a learning disability?‎ 当你发现自己不能读懂文章或表达有障碍时，那么你要小心，这可能是你的学习障碍在困扰你。‎ ‎1．F　本段主要指“learning disability”带来的危害。‎ ‎2．B　段末说明了大人的“learning disability”与孩子的区别。‎ ‎3．G　由空后“Experts look for a difference... But there is no one sign of a disorder.”可知是寻找如何判断一个人是否有学习障碍的方法，但没有明显标记。‎ ‎4．A　由本段内容可知。‎ ‎5．D　本段主要讲如何帮助学习障碍者学习。‎ ‎【十四】‎ We take ourselves too seriously. A person cuts us off on the way to work, and it ruins our whole day. We get upset with our partners for not ‎ taking out the trash, or let our lazy co－worker get under our skin. __1__ A person starts to live when they can live outside themselves. Here are some ways to get over ourselves.‎ We need to tell ourselves to get over ourselves. We need to remind ourselves that it's not about us. So I suggest you tell yourself, out loud and in the mirror, to get over yourself—over and over. Put a post－it note on your computer at work or leave a reminder on your phone. Just remember, it's not about you. __2__‎ We need to allow ourselves to make mistakes. We are only humans, and we will always make mistakes. By allowing ourselves to make mistakes and by knowing it's unavoidable, we'll make it a lot easier on ourselves to do so. __3__‎ We can tell someone we love them. Love is all you need. When we stop making it about us and tell someone we love them, it helps calm us down and get back in touch with what matters most. __4__ The faster we get over ourselves, the faster we can spread love with the world around us.‎ ‎__5__ It's almost impossible to be in a bad mood when laughing. Fake it until you make it. Just turn that frown upside down and make it a happy face. Laughter and play is so important to our emotional well－being.‎ A．That is the crazy thing we call love.‎ B．We should focus on what we get.‎ C．We should all just laugh, out loud.‎ D．There is no failure, only succeeding and learning.‎ E．The more we can remember that, the easier life is.‎ F．But remember we can't change anyone but ourselves.‎ G．When we focus on the good stuff, that's what we'll see.‎ 本文是一篇说明文，从四个方面介绍了如何超越自我。‎ ‎1．F　根据后文“A person starts to live when they can live outside themselves. Here are some ways to get over ourselves.‎ ‎ ”可知，其前一定要介绍我们除了自己不能改变任何人。‎ ‎2．E　根据上文“Just remember, it's not about you.”可知，此处承接上文，介绍我们越能记住这个，生活就越容易。‎ ‎3．D　此处总结上文：没有失败，只有成功和学习。‎ ‎4．A　该段的主旨为：“We can tell someone we love them.”即，我们可以告诉某些人我们爱他们。上文说当我们告诉某些人我们爱他们时，这有助于我们冷静下来，再次意识到什么是最重要的。此处总结：我们把这种疯狂的东西叫做爱。‎ ‎5．C　根据下文当你笑的时候你不可能有个坏心情。所谓演久成真。把皱眉翻了个底朝天，露出快乐的脸。欢笑和玩耍对我们的情感幸福非常重要。由此可知该段的主旨为：我们只需要大声笑。‎ ‎【十五】‎ What we do in our day, how we act, and how we react to situations and to people, is equally important to how we start our day. Often, we start our day with a schedule. But less often do we choose to do certain things that will help jumpstart our day. It's important to get our day off to a good start because how we start our day will determine how the rest of the day goes.Here I share some tricks with you to start your day right.‎ ‎__1__ Whatever you believe can and will come to pass. Believe that you can accomplish great things and you can reach your goals, and you will. If you start your day with fear, you're already on a path to ruin the rest of your day.‎ Leave yesterday in the past. Yesterday has come and gone. Too many people do not progress in life because they live in the events of yesterday.__2__ You cannot live it over. You cannot do it over. Stop regretting and start living today.‎ Pursue purpose. Every day you live is based upon the days that have already passed. Each day should be a strong pursuit of purpose. __3__ That will last longer than you. ‎ Set goals. Start your day with goals that you want to reach. __4__ On your worst days, if you keep your goals front and center in your mind,‎ ‎ they will push you and pull you forward.‎ Adjust your attitude. We don't feel great every day but we can choose to feel great, look great, and be great with a little adjustment of the attitude. The right attitude will carry you a very long way.__5__‎ A．Be sure to have faith.‎ B．Don't make it too difficult to reach.‎ C．Make right choices when facing trouble.‎ D．There is nothing you can do to change the past.‎ E．Struggle to do something great and meaningful.‎ F．Your goals will keep you focused, stable, and clear.‎ G．The right attitude can also change situations to turn in your favor.‎ 本文是说明文，介绍的是如何正确合理地开始新的一天。‎ ‎1．A　根据下文“Whatever you believe can and will come to pass. Believe that...”中的believe可知。‎ ‎2．D　根据本段主题：“Leave yesterday in the past.”可知答案。‎ ‎3．E　根据下文中“that”这一关键词所指代的内容可知该空选E。‎ ‎4．F　根据该段主题：“Set goals.”可知答案为F。‎ ‎5．G　根据该段主题：“Adjust your attitude.”可知答案为G。‎ ‎【十六】‎ ‎ Scientists and educators in the US and China say it's important to introduce very young children to new technologies. 1 They say that with the right approach, children learn not to be frightened of abstract thinking.‎ Even before children learn to read and write, they can manipulate－move and control images. 2 ‎ Mitchel Resnick is codeveloper of a codelearning program called Scratch Jr. He says that is exactly what programming is all about.‎ ‎“Each block tells the character what to do. You snap the blocks together, and you've made a computer program. 3 This block make the cat go to the right. This one makes the cat jump. By snapping ‎ them together I make a computer program that makes it move and then jump.”‎ Parents decide how much time their children can spend using modern technology. But Sandra Calvert, director of the Children's Digital Media Center at Georgetown University, says it's all around us. ‎ ‎“ 4 Just as it's a worry that there may be too much screen time, there is also a concern that our children will be left behind if they don't know how to use the technologies that are going to shape the 21st century careers, jobs and how we are going to succeed as a nation.”‎ Children between the ages of four and 15 use tools and machines at socalled“maker spaces”in Beijing. The maker space basically serves as an openaccess workshop. 5 The young people are part of the socalled“maker movement，”a doityourself community connecting people who like to make things with their hands.‎ A．There, children use tools and machines like 3D printers to create and build projects.‎ B．Each block has a different behavior.‎ C．Computer scientists perform lots of research in computer theory and systems.‎ D．They advise developing skills from computer programming to designing electronic circuits.‎ E．Tablet computers with touch－sensitive screens are perfect for lining up simple commands.‎ F．The education and development of our children are extremely important.‎ G．We live in the digital age.‎ 本文讲述的是让小孩子尽早了解新技术，可以使孩子们不会对抽象思维感到恐惧。‎ ‎1．D　上文中讲述的是理论，下文中讲述的是带来的好处，故该空应是提出的建议。‎ ‎2．E　根据上文中的“move and control ‎ images”可知，此空应填写的内容与执行命令有关系。‎ ‎3．B　根据上文中的关键词blocks可知，答案是B。‎ ‎4．G　根据下文中“...that there may be too much screen time.”可知答案。‎ ‎5．A　根据上文“The maker space basically serves as an openaccess workshop.”可知，选项中的“there”为关键词。‎ ‎【十七】‎ The Effects of Stress There is a famous expression in English: “Stop the world, I want to get off！” This expression refers to a feeling of panic, or stress, that makes a person want to stop whatever they are doing, try to relax, and become calm again. 1 It is one of the most common causes of health problems in modern life. Too much stress results in physical, emotional, and mental health problems.‎ There are numerous physical effects of stress. 2 It can increase the pulse rate, make the heart miss beats, and can cause high blood pressure. Stress can affect the respiratory system. It can lead to asthma. It can cause a person to breathe too fast, resulting in a loss of important carbon dioxide. Stress can affect the stomach. 3 These are only a few examples of the wide range of illnesses and symptoms resulting from stress.‎ Emotions are also easily affected by stress. People suffering from stress often feel anxious. They may have panic attacks. They may feel tired all the time. When people are under stress, they often overreact to little problems. For example, a normally gentle parent under a lot of stress at work may yell at a child for dropping a glass of juice. 4 ‎ Longterm stress can lead to a variety of serious mental illnesses. Depression, an extreme feeling of sadness and hopelessness, can be the result of continued and increasing stress. Alcoholism and other addictions often develop as a result of overuse of alcohol or drugs to try to relieve stress. 5 If stress is allowed to continue, then one's mental health is put at risk.‎ A．It can cause stomachaches and problems digesting food.‎ B．It is obvious that stress can cause physical problems.‎ C．“Stress” means pressure or tension.‎ D．Eating disorders are sometimes caused by stress and are often made worse by stress.‎ E．So stop the world and rest for a while.‎ F．Stress can make people angry, moody or nervous.‎ G．Stress can affect the heart.‎ 本文讲述的是压力的影响。‎ ‎1．C　根据上文可知，该空是对stress的含义作解释，故应选择C。‎ ‎2．G　根据本段首句，可知该段讲述的是压力对身体的影响，故选择G，也可根据下文确定答案。‎ ‎3．A　上文中提到了stomach，因此该空是压力对胃的影响。‎ ‎4．F　根据上文举例可知，该空表示“平常温柔的父母，在压力影响下会发脾气”。故选F。‎ ‎5．D　根据该段主题句“Long－term stress can...illnesses.”可知该段主要说明压力导致的问题，可知该空选D项。‎ ‎【十八】‎ Everyone has had to deal with a friend who says, “Can I borrow some money? I promise I'll pay you back. ” 1 ， but here are some steps that will help you get back the money you've lent and keep your friendship complete.‎ ‎●Decide if you want to lend the money. It doesn't mean that you have to say yes when your friend is asking for a loan. Think carefully about whether this is something you feel comfortable doing. You may want to consider: How is your friend with money? 2 ? Why does your friend need the money?‎ ‎● 3 . You might settle for a verbal (口头的) agreement since it's with someone you're close to, but putting the loan in writing will enable ‎ both of you to treat it as a business arrangement. The agreement should spell out the terms, including any interest and the punishment for late payments.‎ ‎●State your repayment terms clearly. Decide how much and how often payments are to be made, and then keep to that schedule. 4 . It's better to figure out what you will do if your friend can't make a payment ahead of time than trying to work it out when it happens.‎ ‎●Follow up in a businesslike way. Make a note in your calendar to remind your friend a few days ahead of the due date. Wait to see if your friend pays on the due date without the reminder. If not, tell him or her when you might expect payment, and let him or her explain the delay. 5 ， set a new date for the payment.‎ A．There is no way B．Once you've heard the explanation C．Discuss what happens if a payment is missed D．How much does your friend want E．Whether you decide to lend the money is up to you F．You could lose your money and relationship G．Put everything in writing 本文讲述的是如何帮你要回借出的钱财，并保持良好的友好关系。‎ ‎1．E　根据下文“but here are some steps that will help you get back the money”中but为关键信息。‎ ‎2．D　根据上下文均是特殊疑问句，可知此处应填D。‎ ‎3．G　根据下文“You might settle for a verbal agreement..., but putting the loan in writing...”可知。‎ ‎4．C　根据下文“...if your friend can't make a payment...”可知。‎ ‎5．B　根据上文“...and let him or her explain the delay.”可知答案。‎ ‎【十九】‎ Most of you love watching movies. They can be funny, sad, imaginative, inspiring, and so much more! There are so many possibilities ‎ and so many great movies to watch!‎ The making of a movie usually begins with a script (剧本). 1 The producer is the person who is responsible for coordinating (协调) aspects of the film like budget and scheduling. The producer plans out how the project will be carried out and he usually starts by hiring a director!‎ ‎ 2 The director will usually identify themes or feelings that he or she wants the movie to convey to its audience and will then assemble (聚集) all the other people who will be needed, such as costumedesigners, makeup artists, special effects crew, stuntmen, cameramen, and, of course, actors!‎ Next, shooting begins! 3 Often a director will want to get several “takes” (versions) of a scene or moment and usually only a few minutes of the movie are finished in one day's work. 4 So once filming is completed, the director must then work with editors to piece them all together, deciding which takes to use and adding in any special effects or touchups.‎ The entire process from acquiring the script to editing the scenes generally takes months or even years! Once it's ready, the finished movie is then distributed to movie theatres. 5 ‎ A．Scenes are also usually not shot in order.‎ B．The actual filming can be a slow process.‎ C．The way that movies are made has changed a lot over time.‎ D．It gets bought by a movie studio or a producer.‎ E．The producer plays a very important role in making a movie.‎ F．In movies, the director's job is to bring the script to life on camera.‎ G．People can watch and enjoy it in the theatre.‎ 本文讲述的是电影从剧本到拍摄再到后期制作的整个简要过程。‎ ‎1．D　根据上文中．..begins with a script(剧本)以及选项D中的代词It指代的重要性可知。‎ ‎2．F　根据下文讲述的内容可知，此空概括全段的主旨大意，核心内容与导演有关。‎ ‎3．B　根据“shooting begins！”可知该段讲述的是拍摄电影，选项B中filming意思与shooting相近。‎ ‎4．A　根据上句中讲述的内容可知，该空与拍摄场景有关，故答案是A项。‎ ‎5．G　电影拍摄过程及制作结束后，最后应该是由观众来观赏，故选G项。‎ ‎【二十】‎ We all desire to be respected, but it doesn't come easily just by mere wishing. Outlined below are some steps you can do to get respect.‎ Treat others with respect. The golden rule, “Do unto others what you would like others to do unto you”， always holds true. If you cannot respect other people, do not expect them to respect you. 1 ‎ Watch your attitude and change those ones that are hurting your relationship with others. If you notice people avoiding you or laughing at you behind your back, they are not showing you respect. 2 By doing so, you will find out which areas you need to improve to get the respect you deserve.‎ ‎ 3 Knowing who you are and valuing yourself as a person with a clear and fierce determination will eventually make you outstanding. People will respect individuals who believe in themselves.‎ Earn the respect. If you think you can demand respect from others by force, you are wrong. 4 Manipulating (操纵) others in order to gain respect is not only dangerous, but you are also making a fool of yourself. Humble yourself and work hard to become a respectable person. Your efforts will be rewarded by the respect people give back to you.‎ Be honest. Showing honesty in dealing with people earns their trust and eventually their respect. 5 Therefore, cultivate (培养) it the best way possible.‎ A．Be confident about yourself.‎ B．Evaluate your life and actions.‎ C．You earn your own respect by making things happen.‎ D．You harvest whatever you planted and this is a universal law.‎ E．Understand that people have their own ways of looking at things.‎ F．Your character is your best investment in getting people's respect.‎ G．Respect is one of the virtues that come naturally to those who work hard to win it.‎ 本文是说明文。主要介绍了如何获得别人的尊重。‎ ‎1．D　本选项是对前两句内容的一个概括性总结——“种瓜得瓜、种豆得豆”是一个普遍法则，所以选用D选项。‎ ‎2．B　本句起到承上启下的作用，因为上句提到有人躲避你或背后嘲笑你，你就应对你的生活和行为做出评价，找出哪些方面应该改进以获得尊重，所以选用B选项。‎ ‎3．A　由本段的最后一句可知本段要阐明的主旨是：对自己要有自信，所以选用A选项。‎ ‎4．G　本段先点明主旨——要赢得尊重，接着指出了赢得尊重的错误做法，由此可推断，此空内容应该是在讨论如何赢得尊重，所以选用G选项。‎ ‎5．F　本段提到的honest与性格相关，本句的意思是“(诚实的)性格是你赢得尊重的最好投资”，所以此处选用F选项。‎