【英语】2020届二轮复习语法精点专题10特殊句式学案

【英语】2020届二轮复习语法精点专题10特殊句式学案

专题10 特殊句式 The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. _________ dangerous a scene it was! （单句语法填空）‎ ‎【错因分析】混淆what引导的感叹句和how引导的感叹句。‎ ‎【试题解析】句意：那个小男孩骑着自行车沿着机动车道全速而来。多危险的一幕啊！本题考查感叹句。感叹句分为：①How + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语；②What（+a/an）+形容词+单数可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语。‎ ‎【参考答案】How 用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子，叫感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导，具体用法如下表：‎ 类别 结构 例句 what引导 What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）!‎ What a kind girl (she is)! （她是）一个多么善良的女孩啊！‎ What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）!‎ What beautiful flowers (they are)! 多么漂亮的花！‎ What bad weather (it is)! 多么糟糕的天气！‎ how引导 How + 主语 + 谓语!‎ How time flies! 时间飞逝！‎ How + 形容词/副词（+ 主语 +‎ How brave (the hero is)!（这个英雄）真勇敢！‎ ‎ 谓语）!‎ How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊！‎ How + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）!‎ How clever (a boy he is)! （他是）一个多么聪明的男孩啊！‎ 感叹句记忆口诀 感叹句，并不难，what与how应在前。‎ 形容词、副词跟着how，what后面名词连。‎ 名词若是可数单，前带冠词a或an。‎ 主语、谓语放后面，省略它们也常见 ‎1. ____________ exciting news! We’ve never had ____________ long vacation before. ‎ A. What; such a B. What an; such a　‎ C. How; such a D. What; so ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：多么令人兴奋的消息！以前我们从来没有这么长的假期。此题考查＂What + adj. + 名词! ＂和＂such a + adj. + 名词＂结构。故选A。‎ ‎2. —Look! ____________ clean the classroom looks! ‎ ‎　—Yes. I’m sure somebody ____________ it up. ‎ ‎　A. What; has cleaned B. How; has cleaned ‎　C. What; cleaned D. How; cleaned ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：——看！教室看起来多么干净啊！——‎ 是啊。我确定有人已经打扫了。前一句修饰形容词clean，应用how，排除A、C两项；有人打扫才会干净，侧重对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，故选B。‎ It could be anything — gardening, cooking, music, sports — but whatever it is, ____________ (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.‎ ‎【试题解析】考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列分句。其中第二个分句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句。‎ ‎【参考答案】make 祈使句的基本用法 祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语，谓语动词用原形。‎ ‎1. 肯定的祈使句 ‎①句型：动词原形＋其他成分。‎ Be careful!小心！‎ ‎②＂Do＋祈使句＂表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。‎ ‎③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。‎ Close the door, please. 请关门。‎ ‎2. 否定的祈使句 ‎①常用句型：Don’t＋动词原形＋其他成分。‎ Don’t be late for school again! 别再迟到了！‎ ‎②用Never开头：Never＋动词原形＋其他成分。‎ Never leave today’s work for tomorrow! 不要把今天的工作留到明天！‎ ‎3. Let引导的祈使句 以Let开头的句子也是祈使句，表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种：Let...not或Don’t... ‎ Let us not be late. 让我们不要迟到。‎ Don’t let the boy play football in the street. 不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球。‎ 祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换 ‎1. ＂Let’s + 动词原形 + 其他＂可转换为＂Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他? ＂。‎ Let’s go fishing this afternoon. =Shall we go fishing this afternoon? ‎ ‎2. ＂祈使句 + and/or + 简单句＂可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。‎ Use your head, and you’ll find a way. =If you use your head, you’ll find a way. ‎ Hurry up, or we’ll be late. =If we don’t hurry up, we’ll be late. ‎ 祈使句的应答语 ‎1. 以Let’s开头的祈使句，其答语常用Good idea. /OK. /Yes, I’d love to.等。‎ ‎—Let’s go to the park. 让我们去公园吧。‎ ‎—Good idea. 好主意。‎ ‎2. 其他肯定祈使句的应答语为Yes, I will.；否定祈使句的应答语为Sorry/No, I won’t(do it again).。‎ ‎—It’s going to rain. Remember to take an umbrella with you. 就要下雨了。记着带上雨伞。‎ ‎—Thanks, I will. 谢谢，我会的。‎ ‎—Don’t play with my cat. 不要和我的猫玩。‎ ‎—Sorry, I won’t do it again. 对不起，我将不再那样做了。‎ ‎1.（2018·北京卷·单项填空）In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.‎ A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选项中只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。‎ ‎2. —Mark, please don’t play basketball on the road. It’s very dangerous.‎ ‎—____________. I am going home at once.‎ A. Have a great time B. Sorry, I won’t do that C. I’d like to D. OK, with pleasure ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】对今后不要做某事的命令或请求表示接受时，回答要用否定的将来时。‎ ‎3. ____________ buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people there. ‎ A. Not B. Not too C. Don’t D. Don’t to ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】祈使句的否定形式是在句子前面加don’t，故选C。‎ ‎4. —Look at the sign; what does it mean?‎ ‎—It means＂____________＂.‎ A. Don’t talking B. No talking C. Not talk ‎【解析】表示＂不要说话＂可以使用Don’t talk. 或No talking. 两种形式，因此选B项。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎5. ____________ a dairy every day and you’ll improve your writing.‎ A. Keeping B. To keep ‎ C. Keep D. If you keep ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：每天记日记，那么你将会提高你的写作水平。祈使句(动词原形居首) + and you will... 意为 ‎＂做……，你就会……＂。故选C。‎ ‎6. —Wish you good luck in the entrance exam. ‎ ‎—____________. The same to you. ‎ A. Thank you B. See you C. I’m sorry to hear that ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】对别人的美好祝愿应表示感谢。故选A。‎ ‎1. Only with the greatest luck she managed to escape from the rising flood water. （单句改错）‎ ‎【错因分析】only修饰的状语位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。‎ ‎【试题解析】句意：只有拥有极好的运气，她才能从不断上涨的洪水中逃出来。only位于句首，后接状语时，句子要用部分倒装。‎ ‎【参考答案】she managed改为did she manage ‎2. Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and neither is Tom. （单句改错）‎ ‎【错因分析】对neither+助动词+主语构成的部分倒装结构的用法掌握不牢。‎ ‎【试题解析】句意：简今晚不跟我们一起吃饭了，汤姆也不来了。前者的否定情况也适用于后者，用neither/nor+助动词/be 动词/情态动词+主语结构，前后两句的时态及谓语动词必须一致。‎ ‎【参考答案】is Tom改为will Tom ‎3. _______（catch）the morning train, he would not have been late for the ‎ meeting.（单句语法填空）‎ ‎【错因分析】从句未使用部分倒装 ‎【试题解析】本题实际上是一个条件句的虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，从句中使用＂过去完成时＂，主句使用情态动词+have done；当条件句中的if省略的时候，要把had提到主语前，构成部分倒装。‎ ‎【参考答案】Had he caught 倒装句的种类 英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。如果将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，这称之为完全倒装。如果只将助动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，这叫做部分倒装。‎ ‎(1)完全倒装 完全倒装是将谓语的全部放在主语之前，此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种。‎ On her left sat her husband. 她左边坐着她丈夫。‎ Here is the book you want. 你要的书在这儿。‎ Down went the small boat. 小船沉下去了。‎ ‎(2)部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词，移至主语之前。‎ Only by working hard can one succeed. 只有努力才能成功。‎ Never have I seen her before. 我以前没见过她。‎ Well do I remember the day I joined the League. 入团的那一天，我记忆犹新。‎ Little did I think that he could be back alive 我没有想到他竟能活着回来。‎ 倒装句的重点点击 ‎1. 常见部分倒装结构 含有否定意义的否定词或半否定词包括短语(如never, neither, nor, little, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely, few, not, no, by no means, in no way, at no time等)放在句首时 ‎2. 常见完全倒装结构 There be结构。另外，在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有：exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand, remain等 Neither/nor引导的句子用倒装语序，用于对前面所说的否定内容表示同样的看法。‎ She won’t go. Neither/Nor will I. 她不走，我也不。‎ I cannot swim. Neither can he. 我不会游泳，他也不会。‎ 注意：如果前面所说的内容既有肯定又有否定，或前后的谓语动词形式不一致时，用＂It is the same with ‎ ‎+主语＂结构或用＂So it is with +主语＂结构。‎ He worked hard, but didn’t pass the exam. So it was with his sister. ‎ 他很努力，但没有通过考试。他妹妹也是这样。(既有肯定又有否定)‎ She is a teacher and she enjoys teaching. So it is with Mr Li. ‎ 她是老师，热爱教书。李先生也是这样。(谓语一个是系动词，一个是行为动词)‎ ‎⑦其它形式的完全倒装 Present at the meeting are some well-known scientists. ‎ 一些知名的科学家出席了会议。(形容词短语在句首)‎ Such was the story he told me. 他给我讲的故事就是这样的。(代词在句首)‎ First to unfold was the map of the world. ‎ 首先要打开的是世界地图。(不定式短语在句首)‎ Gone are the days when he was looked down upon. ‎ 他被人看不起的日子一去不复返了。(过去分词在句首)‎ Covering much of the earth’s surface is a blanket of water. ‎ 覆盖地球大部分表面的是水。(现在分词短语在句首)‎ 倒装句速记口诀 副词开头要例装，人称代词则如常。‎ only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装。‎ 否定意义副连词，＂既不…也不＂须倒装。‎ 表语前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装。‎ such代词做表语，引起主谓要倒装。‎ Not only开头句，前一分句须倒装。‎ had，were，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。‎ ‎1. I believe that when the power of love overcomes the love of power, ________ then will there be peace in this world.‎ ‎【解析】考查only+状语+倒装句结构。句意：我相信，当爱的力量战胜了权势之争，只有那时这个世界上才会有和平。‎ ‎【答案】only ‎2. Only after Mary read her essay the second time ________ she notice the spelling mistake.‎ ‎【解析】句意：只有当玛丽第二次读文章时，她才注意到拼写错误。Only的倒装有两个条件：only放在句首，且强调的是状语。本题中only放在了句首，强调的是时间状语从句after Mary read her essay the second time，所以后面使用倒装句的形式；根据上文的read说明本句使用过去时，故答案是did。‎ ‎【答案】did ‎3. Never ________ it realistic for Europe to lay too much hope on China since the debt problem will only be solved by European countries themselves.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 句意：对于欧洲而言从来没有把太多的希望放在中国，这是现实的，因为债务问题将只能由欧洲国家自己来解决。否定词never放在句首，后面使用倒装句。‎ ‎【答案】is ‎4. Only after one has become a parent ________ he realize how great his parents are.‎ ‎【解析】句意：只有一个人为人父母后，他才知道他的父母多么的伟大。＂Only＋状语从句＂放在句首的时候，后面的句子用部分倒装，助动词/be动词/情态动词放在主语前面，所以答案为will。‎ ‎【答案】will ‎5. He jumped at the opportunity when he saw the advertisement in a newspaper, because barely ________ (can) he make ends meet.‎ ‎【解析】句意：因为入不敷出，当他在报纸上看到这则广告时抓住了机会。否定副词barely位于从句句首时句子要进行部分倒装，将助动词、情态动词或系动词be等置于主语前，再结合句意可知，答案为could。‎ ‎【答案】could ‎6. It’s not what you have in your life but ________ you have in your life that matters.‎ ‎【解析】考查强调句型的用法。句意：重要的不是你在生活中拥有什么而是你拥有谁。题干中not what you have in your life but ________ you have in your life是强调句中的被强调部分，根据前者的what，判断but后的从句中缺少have的宾语。‎ ‎【答案】who ‎7. Who was it ________ played a trick on the new English teacher?‎ ‎【解析】句意：是谁捉弄了新来的英语教师？考查强调句。Who was it that...?为强调主语的特殊疑问句形式，意为＂究竟是谁……？＂。‎ ‎【答案】that ‎8. It was what he meant rather than what he said ________ annoyed me.‎ ‎【解析】句意：是他话里的意思而不是他说的话把我惹恼了。考查强调句。强调主语what he meant rather than what he said。‎ ‎【答案】that ‎9. —Was it at 11 o’clock ________ your father came back last night?‎ ‎—Yes, he is always coming back so late.‎ ‎【解析】句意：——你爸爸昨晚是11点回来的吗？——是的，他总是这么晚回来。此题考查强调句。被强调的部分是at 11 o’clock，故填that。‎ ‎【答案】that ‎10. —What do you think it is ________ has brought worldwide attention to China?‎ ‎—Rapid and steady economic growth, of course.‎ ‎【解析】句意：——你认为是什么使得全世界关注中国？——当然是快速而稳定的经济增长。本句考查作宾语的强调句且强调句用于特殊疑问句中，被强调部分为what，故本空应填that。‎ ‎【答案】that ‎11. So touching _______ the song sound that I couldn’t hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time. （单句语法填空）‎ ‎【解析】当＂so+形容词＂置于句首时，句子应用部分倒装；根据从句时态可知，应用一般过去时，故填助动词did。‎ ‎【答案】did ‎1. It was when we were returning home _________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.‎ ‎【错因分析】考生容易忽视强调句型的考查点，从而填入其他连接词。‎ ‎【试题解析】去掉It was和空格后仍然完整，据此判断此处为强调句型。句意：正是在我们回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时的感觉是那么好。‎ ‎【参考答案】that 强调句的两种基本句型 ‎1. It＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋原句的剩余部分 被强调的部分可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。表示强调的it在这种结构的句子中作主句的主语，it本身没有词义。一般讲，原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来等各种时态，用It is…that…；如果原句谓语动词是过去范畴的各种时态，则用It was… that…。如果强调的主语为人也可以用who代替that，强调的宾语为人也可以用who或whom代替that。‎ ‎2. 谓语动词的强调 It is/ was … that …结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，要用助动词do/does或did。有以下情况：‎ ‎(1)do用于强调肯定的祈使句以及实义动词为一般现在时的肯定句(主语是第三人称单数改用does)‎ Do sit down.务必请坐。‎ Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必(千万)要小心啊！‎ They do work hard at English. 他们对英语的学习确实很努力。‎ He does send an email to me every day. 他确实每天都给我发电子邮件。‎ ‎(2)did用于对实义动词为一般过去时肯定句的强调 He did do his homework yesterday. 昨天他确实做了家庭作业。‎ 强调句的重点点击 ‎1. 强调句的变式(一般疑问句形式，特殊疑问句形式和反意疑问句形式)‎ 句式基本特征：Is/Was it +被强调部分+ that…；或情态动词+it+ be+被强调部分+ that…‎ 句式基本特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that…? 或特殊疑问词+情态动词+it + be++被强调部分+ that…‎ 句式基本特征：It is/was+被强调部分+that…, isn’t / wasn’t it?‎ ‎2. 强调句型中的对等结构 ‎ 在强调句型中，有时强调，not …but…/…not…/…rather than …等连接的平行对等结构，此时既要注重对等结构，又要注意主谓一致，属于较复杂的句式。‎ ‎ 句式特征为：‎ It is/was not…but…that…不是……而是……(that后的动词与but后的名词或代词保持一致)‎ ‎ It is/was…that… not …是……而不是……‎ ‎ It is /was… not …that…是……而不是……(that后的动词应与not前的名词或代词保持一致)‎ ‎ It is/was…rather than…that…是……而不是……(that后的动词应与rather than前的名词或代词保持一致)‎ ‎1.（2018·天津卷·单项填空）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.‎ A. which B. that C. when D. where ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句，强调句型结构为：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语only when the car pulled up in front of our house。故选B。‎ ‎2. It might have been John _________ bought a present for Mary yesterday.‎ ‎ A. that B. when C. what D. which ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】此句为强调句型，由于句中动词be采用了might have been这一复杂结构，所以许多同学们可能会看不出它是一个强调句型。‎ ‎3. It was evening _________ we reached the little town of Winchester.‎ ‎ A. that B. until C. since D. before ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】有的考生一看到句首的it was，再联系到选项中的that，就以为这是考查强调句。其实错了。此题是考查连词before的用法。因为去掉It was…that这一结构后，原句不能成为一个完整的句子，所以这不是强调结构。句意是：我们还没有到达Winchester这个小镇，天就夜了。‎ ‎4. It is not who is right but what is right _________ is of importance.‎ ‎ A. which B. it C. that D. this ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查强调句型，that是强调句型的结构词，句意是＂重要的不是谁正确，而是什么是正确的。＂‎ ‎5. It _________ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _________ I found we had a lot in common.‎ ‎ A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】本题考查not…until结构的强调句式。在not…until结构中，如果对until及其后面的部分进行强调，要将not一词提前，形成＂It is/was not until…that…＂的结构注意尽管强调的是时间，但不可以用when。‎ ‎6. It was not until she got home _________ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.‎ ‎ A. when B. that C. where D. before ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查强调句中对not until的强调，是否能辨析出引导词that.。‎ ‎7. _________ the catastrophe happened that the local government realized the importance of substantial development.‎ ‎ A. It was until B. Not until C. Until D. It was not until ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查强调句中not until的用法.考查了It was not until the catastrophe happened that…。‎ ‎8. Was it from the lake _________ he often went fishing _________ he saved the drowning girl?‎ ‎ A. that; that B. where; where C. where; that D. that; where ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】解答此题关键是能够对句型进行正确的分析和判断。本题题干为一个强调句式，it was +被强调部分+that/who，lake后面是个定语从句，由关系副词where引导，第二空才是强调句中的that。‎ ‎9. I really don’t know _________ I had my money stolen.‎ ‎ A. when was it that B. that it was when C. where it was that D. it was where that ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】强调句作know的宾语，语序应为陈述句语序，被强调部分为where，但是强调句为宾语从句时，这类wh-连接代词或副词常置于it之前，作宾语从句的连接词。‎ ‎10. If you have a job, _________ yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.‎ ‎ A. do devote B. don’t devote C. devoting D. not devoting ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】此处应是祈使句，又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do，故选A。句意：如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。‎ I. 语法填空 ‎1.（2019﹒天津卷﹒单项填空）The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class.‎ ‎ A. should they B. they should ‎ C. dare they D. they dare ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装， should do sth应该做某事，dare do sth敢于做某事，根据句意可知这里表示“应该”，故选A。‎ ‎2. Not until I returned I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.‎ ‎【答案】did ‎【解析】考查倒装句。句意：直到回来，我才发现安静的小镇生活对我才是最好的。not until放在句首，后面的主句要倒装。因为谓语动词为实义动词realize，故要用助动词did并提到主语前面。‎ ‎3. It took years of work (reduce) industrial pollution and clean the water.‎ ‎【答案】to reduce ‎【解析】考查固定表达。句意：减少工业污染和净化污水需要多年的工作。这里是固定句式It takes (sb.)＋some time ＋to do sth做某事花费(某人)多长时间，故要用动词不定式to reduce。‎ ‎4. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well strong.‎ ‎【答案】as ‎【解析】考查固定表达。句意：它要求你表现的像水一样灵活又有力。as well as和……一样。‎ ‎5. The (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.‎ ‎【答案】harder ‎【解析】考查固定表达。句意：你越是努力击败他，就越可能被击败。此处为＂the＋比较级＋主谓，the＋比较级＋主谓＂的句型，表示＂越……就越……＂。‎ ‎6. Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much too little.‎ ‎【答案】nor ‎【解析】考查固定表达。既不要太贵也不要太便宜。neither ...nor既不……也不……。‎ ‎7. They will be as difficult and painful holding a hot potato.‎ ‎【答案】as ‎【解析】考查固定表达。他们将和拿着热土豆一样痛苦和困难。此处是＂as＋形容词＋as＂表示的同级比较句型。‎ ‎8. He loved the 4th wife the most. He took great care of her and gave her nothing the best.‎ ‎【答案】but ‎【解析】考查固定表达。他悉心照顾她，只给她最好的。nothing but只，仅仅。‎ ‎9. And I’d like to know why Chinese people use chopsticks. not knives and forks, like Americans?‎ ‎【答案】Why ‎【解析】考查固定表达。我想知道为什么中国人用筷子，为什么不像美国人一样用刀叉呢？固定表达why not...为什么不……呢？‎ ‎10. So long as we have some, that’s enough. And we can learn to spend money.‎ ‎【答案】how ‎【解析】考查固定表达。我们能学会如何花钱。learn后面跟的是＂疑问词＋to do＂结构。‎ ‎11. Sometimes hunger hit me so severely I regarded dried sweet potato slices as delicious snack.‎ ‎【答案】that ‎【解析】考查固定表达。有时候饥饿感是如此强烈以至于我都把土豆片当作美味的点心。此处是结果状语从句，so...that...结构。‎ ‎12. No. And that’s not all. The bus was one hour late. Worse , it picked up passengers on the way to our destination.‎ ‎【答案】still ‎【解析】考查固定表达。worse still更糟糕的是。‎ ‎13. It’s unnecessary and it’s not important at all. We needn’t care about it. It is one’s inner beauty ‎ ‎ matters.‎ ‎【答案】that ‎【解析】考查强调句型。重要的是内在美。根据结构可知此处是强调句型it is/was ＋被强调部分＋that/who ＋其他。此处强调的是主语one’s inner beauty。‎ ‎14. Yes, but it is not as easy you imagine.‎ ‎【答案】as ‎【解析】考查固定表达。not as...as 与……不一样。‎ ‎15. Chopsticks may be made of any of the following materials: bamboo, wood, gold, silver, ivory, or plastic, and they may be round or square.‎ ‎【答案】either ‎【解析】考查固定表达。……它们可能是圆形的也可能是方形的。either...or...或者……或者……。‎ II. 单项填空 ‎1. ________up, or you 'll be late for school again.‎ ‎ A. To hurry B. Hurry ‎ ‎ C. Hurrying D. Hurried ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查特殊句式。句意：快点，不然你又要迟到了。‎ 根据连词or表示否则，要不然，连接两个并列的句子可以判断，本题考查特殊句式：祈使句+and/or+陈述句. 祈使句通常省略主语，以动词原形开头，只有B项符合，故选：B。‎ ‎2. the suggestions offered above, and you will look and feel much better in no time at all! ‎ ‎ A. Following B. Followed ‎ ‎ C. To follow D. Follow ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：听以上提供的建议吧，然后你就会马上看起来好得多，也感觉好得多。"祈使句+and +陈述句"为固定句式，意为"做……吧，然后你就会……"，故选D。‎ ‎3. —Happy Teachers' Day! Here are some flowers for you. ‎ ‎ —_______ beautiful the flowers are! Thank you.‎ ‎ A. How B. How a C. What D. What a ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：——教师节快乐！这些花送给你。——多漂亮的花儿呀！谢谢！本题考查感叹句。flowers是复数，排除B、D两项；beautiful是形容词，应该用副词来修饰，what是代词，故选：A。‎ ‎4. _____ useful information you gave me! Thank you very much.‎ ‎ A. What B. What a ‎ ‎ C. What an D. How ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题考查感叹句。句意：你给了我多么有用的信息啊！非常感谢。information是不可数名词，故排除B和C项；用how感叹应该这样表达： How useful the information is! 故排除D。本题使用的感叹句结构为：what+adj. + n. + 主语+谓语!故选：A。‎ ‎5. There, ______Mrs. Smith, showing her pupils how to put a logo onto the new torch.‎ ‎ A. was on a platform standing B. was standing on a platform ‎ ‎ C. on a platform was standing D. standing on the platform was ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查倒装句。句意：史密斯夫人站在讲台上，教她的学生如何在新火炬上贴上标志。本句主要表达：Mrs. Smith was standing on the platform, showing her pupils how to put a logo ‎ onto the new torch. 为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词置于句首，从而构成倒装。D项符合语境，故选D。‎ ‎6. Little that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be still going his own way.‎ ‎ A. did he realize B. he realized ‎ ‎ C. had he realized D. he had realized ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题考查倒装。句意：他几乎没有意识到我们正在观察他的每一个动作，所以他似乎仍然是我行我素；little几乎没有，属于否定词；否定词放在句首，要部分倒装，排除B和D；过去完成时强调过去的过去，而realize和seem是同时存在，排除C。故选A。‎ ‎7. In terms of the effects of the Internet on our lives, the ways we take advantage of it count, _______ our attitudes. ‎ ‎ A. as are B. so do ‎ ‎ C. which are D. as do ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】本题考查倒装。句意：就互联网对我们生活的影响而言，我们利用互联网的方式和我们的态度一样重要。as（正如……一样），为从属连词，往往需要用倒装语序，即"as+助动词+主语"，助动词与上文中一致，英语中也常常把so放在句首表示"（另外一人）也……"，需要用倒装语序，助动词与上文中一致；但是so不是从句的引导词，所以两句之间要加并列连词；即as常常可以换用"and so"；故选：D. ‎ ‎8. Not until I went up further ________ that under the tree ________, obviously sound asleep. ‎ ‎ A. that I saw；did a boy lie B. I saw；lay a boy ‎ ‎ C. did I see；did a boy lie D. did I see；lay a boy ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】本题考查倒装。句意：直到我走得更远，我才看到树下躺着一个男孩，显然睡得很熟。题干中是"Not until+状语（从句）"置于句首，（主句）句中用部分倒装语序，排除A和B；表示地点的介词短语放在句首时要完全倒装， 排除C，故选D。‎ ‎9. It was President Xi Jinping ______ visited the navy troops on April 19 and advocated that naval force ______. ‎ ‎ A. who；be strengthened B. that；would be strengthened ‎ ‎ C. who；to be strengthened D. that；must be strengthened ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查强调句和虚拟语气。句意：习近平总统于4月19日访问了海军部队，并主张加强海军力量。第一个空格处是强调句，强调的是人，可以用who；第二处是虚拟语气，advocated后接that从句，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气：should+do，句意表被动，因此是should+be+done，should可以省略。故选A。‎ ‎10. Is it he or you _____ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually?‎ ‎ A. who is B. that is ‎ ‎ C. who are D. whom are ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查强调句。句意：是他还是你负责这项工作，应该准时完成它？这是强调句的一般问句，因为是强调的是人，用that和who都可以，由or连接两个以上主语时，动词和最接近的主语保持一致，由此可以排除A和B；whom引导定语从句时在从句中作宾语，所以排除D，故选C。‎ ‎【名师点睛】构成强调句的it本身没有词义，强调句中的连接词一般只用that、who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that和who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时，原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was ...，其余的时态用It is ...。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎