2019届二轮复习书面表达专题剖析不同文体解读高考真题经典范文课件（126张）

2019届二轮复习书面表达专题剖析不同文体解读高考真题经典范文课件（126张）

剖析不同文体 解读高考真题经典范文 2019 届二轮复习书面表达专题 第 9 讲　记叙文 记叙文 是最常见、最基本的写作文体，它以真实的社会生活、自然景物为材料，以记人、叙事、状物、写景为主要内容，以叙述、描写或对话为主要表达方式，通过形象表达思想的一种文体。 一、写记叙文必须注意以下几点： 1. 主题要鲜明。首先要认真审题，对题目所给信息，不论是短文还是 表 格 ，不论是文字还是图画，都务必仔细分析、反复推敲，确定选择典型事例、反映主题。 2. 内容要完整。一般说来，记叙文包含六大要素： when( 时间 ) ， where( 地点 ) ， who( 人物 ) ， what( 事件 ) ， why( 原因 ) ， how( 结果 ) 。文章要有始有终，确保内容的完整性 。 3. 情节要合理。按照事情发展的先后顺序，使用恰当的过渡词，使文章连贯、自然、详略得当。 4. 用词要恰当。描写事件时，切忌词不达意，影响理解。要牢记常用动词词组和经典句型。 5. 记叙事例中的时态通常用一般过去时 。 二、记叙文写作要点 1. 活动的时间、地点、人物； 2. 表明事情开端； 3. 叙述事情的发展 / 活动内容一； 事情进一步发展 / 活动内容二； 事情发展的高潮 / 活动内容三； 4. 事情的结束； 5. 表明个人的看法或感受； 6. 总结全文，再次抒发自己的感情。 经典语 篇 ( 2016· 浙江 ) “ Planning is good ， but doing is better ” 是一句英语名言。请以此为题用英语写一篇 100 ～ 120 词的短文。 要求如下： 1. 简述你对这句名言的理解； 2. 用一个具体事例加以说明； 3. 给出恰当的结尾。 佳作欣赏 Planning Is Good ， But Doing Is Better Planning is good as it decides in detail how we do.However ， a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried out. My experience in the English speech contest last October is a case in point.A month before the event ， I spent hours working out a schedule outlining my goals and practical steps.After that ， I set out to read widely for an inspiring topic ， wrote a speech ， and practiced its delivery in beautiful pronunciation with good public speech skills.I finally came out of the contest as the first prize winner. I know how I achieved my success.It came from good planning and better doing combined . 即时训练 星光 中学 (Xingguang High School) 近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，报道此次活动。内容包括： 1. 时间与地点： 4 月 10 日，大青山 (Daqing Mountain) ； 2. 活动的过程； 3. 你对于这次活动的评论。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 . 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文 In order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise ， our school organized a mountain-climbing on April 10.Hundreds of us took part in it. It was a nice day.At 8 ： 00 am ， we gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain and set out for the top in high spirits.On the way we were chatting ， singing and laughing ， enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery.When some fell behind ， others would come and offer help.About 2 hours later ， we all reached the top.Bathed in sunshine ， we jumped and cheered with joy. The activity benefited us a lot.Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work ， it also promoted the friendship among us.What a wonderful time! 第 10 讲　应用文 (1)—— 书信 书信 写作旨在考查学生在实际生活中应用英语的能力，体现了学习英语的实用性。书信种类很多，它包括建议信、感谢信、慰问 ( 候 ) 信、祝贺信、鼓励信、介绍信、自荐信、询问信、求职信及其答复信、邀请信及其接受邀请的信、读者请求的解答信及其答复读者的信等。书信格式一般不作考查内容 ( 开头和结尾已给出 ) ，重点考查考生的谋篇布局、遣词造句能力。总的说来，写英语书信时有以下几点须注意： 1. 信件开头要开门见山、直入主题。常用语句是 (1)I ’ m writing to... ； (2)I ’ d like to... 。 2. 信的正文是信函的主体部分。在高考作文中应该按照题目要求把题目的要点表达清楚；使文章逻辑清晰、语言通顺；可以根据需要分为若干个段落；要确保没有遗漏内容要点。 3. 注意根据收信人的年龄身份不同，信的语气也应不同，对朋友要亲切自然，对领导或长辈要委婉。 高考书信开头语段： (1)Dear Ms . Jenkins ， I want to tell you something about my plan for the coming summer vacation and I ’ m writing to ask you for some help. 我想告诉你我对即将到来的暑假的计划并写信请你帮忙。 (2016· 全国 Ⅰ ) (2)Dear Bob ， How is everything going ？ I ’ m writing to express my regret at being unable to go to the bookstore with you next weekend ， which I have promised.I feel terribly sorry about it and want you to know what happened. 最近过得怎么样？我写信表达我对下周末不能和你一起去书店的遗憾，我本来答应要去的，我对此感到非常抱歉，也想让你知道事情的原委 。 ( 2016· 全国 Ⅲ ) (3)Learning that you are organizing this activity to share books worldwide ， I am writing to apply for it for the simple reason that I love reading and I own a large number of books. 了解到你在组织这个在全世界分享书籍的活动，我正在写信申请参加。理由很简单，我爱读书，而且我有很多书。 (2015· 重庆 ) (4)Dear Peter ， I ’ d like to ask you to write an article for our school ’ s English newspaper. 我想请你为我们学校的英语报写一篇文章。 (2015· 全国 Ⅰ ) (5)Dear Chris ， How is it going? I remember we planned to visit Yunnan in July.But now ， because my left foot was injured ， I cannot go with you as planned. 一切都好吗？ 我记得我们原本计划七月去云南。但是因为我的左脚受伤，我不能按计划和你一起去了。 (2014· 北京 ) (6)Dear American guests ， On behalf of our school ， I would like to express our warm welcome to you.We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week activities. 我代表学校，表达对你们的热烈欢迎。我们很幸运有你们参加我们的英语周活动。 (2014· 陕西 ) (7)Dear Chris ， I ’ m Li Jin ， monitor of Class One ， Grade Eleven.I ’ m very delighted to learn that you ’ re coming to our class to study with us as an exchange student next term.Welcome to our class! 我是李津， 11 年级 1 班的班长，很高兴得知下学期你要作为一名交换生来我们班和我们一起学习。欢迎来到我们班！ (2014· 天津 ) (8)Dear Mr . Wang ， Knowing that our library is going to buy books ， I ’ d like to give some suggestions. 得知我们图书馆要买书，我想提一些建议。 (2014· 浙江 ) (9)Dear Tom ， How are you doing ？ I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots for me. 你好吗？我想知道你是否能为我卖一些中国结。 (2013· 新课标全国 Ⅱ ) 经典语 篇 ( 2016· 全国 Ⅲ ) 假定 你是李华，与留学生朋友 Bob 约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示歉意； 2. 说明原因； 3. 另约时间。 注意 ： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 . 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 佳作欣赏 Dear Bob ， How is everything going? I ’ m writing to express my regret at being unable to go to the bookstore with you next weekend ， which I have promised.I feel terribly sorry about it and want you to know what happened. What makes me concerned is my final exam which will be held two weeks later ， so I have to make a preparation for it at that time.I hope you could appreciate that I must spare no effort to do well in my final exam if possible.Could we make another appointment to go to the bookstore together? I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.Please let me know what time is OK for you.Looking forward to your reply. Yours ， Li Hua 即时训练 ( 一 ) (2016· 黑龙江大庆实验中学月考 ) 假定 你是李华，贵校在学生中征集意见，询问学生是否赞成开设 iPad 课堂 (iPad classrooms) 。你支持开设 iPad 课堂。请给校长写一封建议信，要点如下： 1. 资源丰富； 2. 促进交流； 3. 利于环保； 4. 其他理由 。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 . 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3 . 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数 。 Dear Headmaster ， We have been asked about our opinions on opening iPad classrooms. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely ， Li Hua 参考范文 Dear Headmaster ， We have been asked about our opinions on opening iPad classrooms. I am in favor of this plan for the following reasons.To begin with ， everyone learns differently.Students can customize their iPad with materials that fit their level and learning style ， and thus tailor it to different needs.Moreover ， when connected to the Internet ， students can interact with teachers and classmates about what they learn more conveniently.For the sake of environmental protection ， opening iPad classrooms is a good way to save trees that we have been cutting down for paper. Most importantly ， I believe students will develop their interests in the subjects by enjoying a new way of learning. I hope you would take my ideas into consideration and we look forward to attending an iPad class. Yours sincerely ， Li Hua ( 二 ) (2017· 浙江金华十校模拟 ) 假定 你是李明。你校学生会正在招募中英文化交流志愿者，为来你校访问的英国朋友提供志愿服务。你想成为其中一员，请根据下列要求用英语写一封申请信，内容包括： 1. 对志愿者工作的认识； 2. 你能承担的工作及理由。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 . 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3 . 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir ， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours ， Li Ming 参考范文 Dear Sir ， I ’ m Li Ming.I am eager to be a volunteer for China-UK cultural exchanges.As for me ， being a volunteer is a way to spread love and strengthen the relationship between the two nations.Meanwhile ， it can bring out the best in me by helping foreign friends ， thus making myself a better person . With a good command of English and great patience ， I will be a good guide for foreign friends.Besides ， I ’ ve worked as a voluntary guide before ， so I know what to expect and how to deal with the possible problems. Hope my application will meet with your approval. Yours ， Li Ming ( 三 ) 假如 你是李华，请按如下提示给外教 Smith 写一封信，邀请他参加你校建校 50 周年校庆晚会。 1. 晚会时间： 2016 年 12 月 20 日晚 8 点至 10 点； 2. 晚会地点：青少年活动中心 ( 大学路与兴华街交叉口东北角 ) ； 3. 晚会节目：自拟 ( 至少 3 条 ) ； 4. 座位安排： 3 区 4 排 6 号 。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 . 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3 . 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 。 Dear Smith ， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours ， Li Hua 参考范文 Dear Smith ， I ’ m honored on behalf of our school to invite you to attend the evening party in celebration of our school ’ s 50th anniversary. As scheduled ， the performance is due to start at 8 ： 00 p.m. and end at 10 ： 00 p.m. on Dec.20,2016.You are arranged to sit in seat 6 ， row 4 ， section 3.At the party ， folk songs will be performed ， poem recitation and students ’ group dance included. The party venue is the Youth Activity Center located northeast of the crossroads where Xinghua Street meets University Road. Looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours ， Li Hua 第 11 讲　应用文 (2)—— 通知、海报、活动介绍 一、写作基本要点 1. 交代活动的主办单位和主题； 2. 概括描写活动的内容； 3. 交代活动的主要目的； 4. 活动的具体地点、时间及持续时间； 5. 参加人员的主要任务； 6. 说明活动的参加条件； 7. 交代参加的联系方式； 8. 发出呼吁，诚邀参加 。 注意： 写作语句注意肯定、否定，祈使句的应用和主动句、被动句结合使用 。 二、通知开头语 1. 口头通知开头语 (1)May I have your attention ， please? (2)Attention please ， everyone.I have an announcement to make. (3)Be quiet.There is something important I have to tell you. (4)I have something (important) to tell you. (5)I ’ m glad to tell you something important . 2. 其他常用语句 (1)Everyone should be there on time. (2)Be sure not to be late . (3)Please be present on time . (4)Everyone is required to be present on time. (5)Be sure to attend it on time. (6)Everybody is expected to attend it on time. (7)All teachers and students are required to... (8)Our scho ol/The Student Union will/is going to hold... (9)A lecture will be given at 7 ： 00 this evening in... (10)Please take your notebooks with you and be sure on time. (11)Those who are interested in it are warmly welcome . 三、高考语段 (1)This camp will open on July 20th.It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture. 该营地将于 7 月 20 号开放。它提供给像你我一样的青少年一个享受运动、了解中国文化的机会。 (2015· 北京 ) (2)As scheduled ， we have English Talent Show today.The purpose of this programme is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking.The programme consists of the following activities ： recitation ， singing ， word spelling ， story telling and so on . The Show will begin at two o ’ clock this afternoon at the Student Centre.Dear guests ， you are welcome to take part in some activities.I hope we students will benefit from your presence. 按照日程安排，我们今天有英语才艺表演。这个计划的目的是增强我们对英语学习的兴趣，提高实际听说能力。该计划包括以下活动：朗诵、唱歌、单词拼写、讲故事等等。表演将于下午 2 点开始，地点在学生中心。亲爱的来宾，欢迎你们参加一些活动。希望你们的光临使我们学生有所收获。 (2014· 陕西 ) 四、写作模板 Notice ① will organize . ② This activity aims to . ③ This activity is arranged to or so.It is planned to begin on . ④ The team members will be arranged to .Your main task is to . ⑤ Anyone who is welcome warmly. ⑥ Those who are interested can contact for further information. ⑦ Looking forward to your active participation. 经典语篇 假设 你是某国际学校的学生会主席，为增强学生安全意识，你校本周五下午准备进行一次消防演习，请你代表学生会写一份书面通知，内容要点如下： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动时间； 3. 活动安排： (1) 听到火警铃后有序撤离； (2) 听专业消防员进行安全教育； (3) 其他方面 ( 内容自拟 ) ； 4. 活动之后，写出感受。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 . 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 消防演习 fire drill ；消防通道 fire-fighting accesses ；消防隐患 potential fire hazard 佳作欣赏 Notice A fire drill will be held in our school on Friday afternoon this week in order to improve everyone ’ s awareness of fire safety. We are supposed to perform as follows ： When hearing the fire alarm ， everyone should quickly and orderly leave buildings through the fire-fighting accesses and go to the playground . Then ， a professional firefighter will give a lecture about safety knowledge . After the lecture ， all the students should go to inspect the dormitories/classrooms for potential fire hazards and clear them . After the activity ， every student is asked to give a summary of this fire drill. Students ’ Union 即时训练 假设 你是李华。最近，你校学生会组织开展了 “ 构建低碳校园 ” 活动。请你围绕 “ 节约资源，低碳生活 ” 的主题，根据以下提示，用英语写一封倡议书。内容包括： 1. 日常出行时怎样减少碳排放； 2. 在餐厅就餐时怎样节约粮食； 3. 在寝室和教室如何节约水、电。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 . 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3 . 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students ， Our school advocates that we should build a low-carbon campus in order to protect the earth. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Dear fellow students ， let ’ s start right now and spare no effort to do every little thing we can from now on! Li Hua 参考范文 Dear fellow students ， Our school advocates that we should build a low-carbon campus in order to protect the earth. I think it is everyone ’ s duty to work hard to achieve this goal.Here is what I think we should do ： First of all ， we should walk or ride bikes instead of riding in cars or school buses to reduce the amount of pollution.Secondly ， when we eat the food in the school cafeteria ， we should eat up what we buy and not waste the food.Thirdly ， it is important for us to save electricity and water.We should turn off lights and taps as soon as we leave the classroom and dormitories. Dear fellow students ， let ’ s start right now and spare no effort to do every little thing we can from now on! Li Hua 第 12 讲　议论文 (1)—— 正反观点型 一、文章结构 1. 开头：提出问题； 2. 主体：陈述不同的观点及其理由； 3. 结尾：说明自己的观点。 二、段落框架 1. 第一段 开门见山，提出主题 (1 － 2 句 ) (1)We had a heated discussion about/on... (2)Different people hold different opinions. (3)Opinions are divided... (4)People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards... (5)People have different opinions on this problem. (6)People take different views on this question. 2. 第二段 表达不同观点 (1)...of them hold the opinion that... (2)...of them are in favor of the idea that... (3)People who are for/against the idea think that... (4)Some people believe that...Others argue that... (5)However ， ...of them hold a different view./...of them hold the opposite opinion. (6)However ， each coin has two sides . (7)Different from those... ， people think... (8)On the other hand ， people object that ... 3. 第三段 说明自己的观点 (1)As far as I am concerned... (2)In my opinion... (3)It ’ s my opinion that... (4)In a word ， only through...can we have a bright future . 三、写作模板 1. 导入主题 There is a widespread concern over the issue that ( 某个主题，需以句子形式呈现 ).But it is well known that the opinions concerning this hot topic vary from person to person. 2. 正方观点 A majority of people approve of the opinion that ( 正方观点 ).From their point of view ， there are two factors contributing to this attitude ， which are as follows ： in the first place ， ( 原因一 ).Furthermore ， ( 原因二 ). 3. 反方观点 On the contrary ， some people differ in their opinions on this matter.They hold the view that ( 反方观点 ).On the one hand ， ( 原因一 ).On the other hand ， ( 原因二 ). 4. 阐明个人看法 As far as I am concerned ， I think we should take immediate measures to ( 个人观点 ).First of all ， .In addition ， .Only in this way can we . 经典语篇 假设 你是李华，举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，用英语给校报写一篇文章，客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。 赞同的理由 反对的理由 你自己的观点 1. 获得新知识； 2. 从太空取得新资源； 3. 扩大人类未来的生存空间。 1. 耗资巨大； 2. 宇航员的安全问题。 …… 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 . 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Outer Space Explorations ， YES or NO? We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day . __________________ ______________________________________________________________ 佳作欣赏 Outer Space Explorations ， YES or NO? We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day. Different students have different attitudes towards it. Some of us think it important to research the outer space because ， first of all ， people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration.Second ， new resources can be found there for human being.Third ， this exploration can possibly bring about new living space for human life in the near future. However ， others are strongly against it.They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration ， which is not worth the value.Besides ， it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work in the outer space. In my opinion ， people should be pioneering ， and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out. 即时 训练 ( 2016· 陕西兴平西郊高中一模 ) 假设 你是主持人，请你根据以下表格的信息，为以 “ Should we give money to beggars ？ ” 为题的班会写一个总结。 一些人 另一些人 孤寡老人不能自食其力而乞讨； 有些学生因家境贫苦而辍学去乞讨； 有些残疾人只能以乞讨为生。 这么做会助长懒惰。 大部分都是假装的，乞讨只是他们赚钱的一条捷径；   结论：应该尽力帮助弱势群体，但给钱时一定要慎重。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右 ； 2 . 文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇： 弱势群体 inferior group We have had a class meeting today on whether we should give money to beggars and we have different opinions .____________________ ______________________________________________________________ 参考范文 We have had a class meeting today on whether we should give money to beggars and we have different opinions. Some believe that we should give money to beggars because some of them are old people ， who can ’ t live on their own.Among them are also some students who have dropped out of school because their families are so poor.And we can also see some disabled people ， who can hardly make a living due to physical or mental inability . On the other hand ， many more students think we shouldn ’ t give them money because most of the beggars beg not because they are poor but because they want to make money more easily.They are not real beggars.Besides ， to give money would encourage them to be lazy even if they have the ability to work . In general ， we should help people of the inferior group.But we should remain sensible when giving money . 第 13 讲　议论文 (2)—— 利弊对比型 这种 题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度 ( 利或弊 ) 出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度 ( 或对事物前景提出预测 ) 。 一、文章结构 1. 说明事物现状； 2. 事物本身的优缺点 ( 或一方面 ) ； 3. 你对现状 ( 或前景 ) 的看法。 二、写作模板 Nowadays ， there is a widespread concern over (the issue that) ( 讨论议题 ).In fact ， there are both advantages and disadvantages in ( 讨论议题 ).Generally speaking ， it is widely believed that there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly ， ( 优点一 ).And secondly ， ( 优点二 ). Just as a popular saying goes ， “ Every coin has two sides ” ， ( 讨论议题 ) is no exception ， and in other words ， it still has negative aspects.To begin with ， ( 缺点一 ).In addition ， ( 缺点二 ). To sum up ， we should try to bring the advantages of ( 讨论议题 ) into full play ， and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case ， we will definitely make better use of the ( 讨论议题 ). 经典语篇 面对 中学生 “ 出国热 ” ，社会对此有不同的看法。请你以 “ Studying Abroad ” 为题，根据下表所提供的信息，谈谈自己的看法。 Advantages Disadvantages 1. 传播各民族间的不同文化； 2. 拓宽视野，学习国外先进的科学技术； 3. 良好的语言环境，更利于语言的学习。 1. 年纪小，缺乏生活经验，自立能力差； 2. 情感孤独，思乡； 3. 学习生活费用高。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 . 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇： 媒介，中间人 mediator Studying Abroad In recent years ， studying abroad has been popular .____________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 佳作欣赏 Studying Abroad In recent years ， studying abroad has been popular. Tens of thousands of Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study.Many people are trying their best to apply to go abroad.There are many advantages in attending schools abroad.First ， students who have studied abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures.Second ， we can learn many more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries.Third ， we can learn many foreign languages more quickly . However ， there are some disadvantages.Most of the students are too young to live alone without any living experience.Besides ， being far away from their home country ， they may feel lonely and homesick.Also ， of course ， the costs are much higher there than that at home. In spite of this ， advantages are more than disadvantages.In my opinion ， it is advisable to attend schools abroad. 即时训练 随着 互联网的发展和普及，网络购物在中国也变得越来越普遍了，甚至已经成了我们日常生活中的一部分；相信你们身边一定有不少同学已经通过网络进行购物了，比如淘宝网，京东商城等。但是网络购物究竟有何利弊呢？ 请写一篇短文，谈谈网上购物的好处与坏处。 注意： 词数 100 左右。 参考范文 We talked about the advantages and disadvantages of Internet shopping these days.Some students think it ’ s very convenient for us to go shopping on the Internet. The shops on the Internet for example taobao . com ， jd . com are open for almost 24 hours a day so we can buy something we want at any time if we like.What ’ s more ， we needn ’ t wait in a queue . However ， some students disagreed with them.We can ’ t see the things while we are shopping ， so we are not sure whether they are good or not.Besides ， we can ’ t enjoy the happiness of shopping with our friends . 第 14 讲　议论文 (3)—— 解决问题型 一、段落框架 第一段：引出现象，并指出这种现象的后果 常用句型： Recently the rise in problem of /phenomenon of...has caused/ aroused / captured public/ popular /wide/ worldwide concern. (2) Recently the issue of the problem of /the phenomenon of...has been brought into focus/ has been brought into public attention. (3)Nowadays ， there is a growing concern about the problem/phenomenon that ... (4)Nowadays ， an increasing number of people come to realize/be aware of the importance of... (5)Nowadays ， more and more people are concerned about the problem of... 第二段：提出解决的办法 常用句型： (1) We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing ， ( 解决方法一 ).For another ， ( 解决方法二 ).Finally ， ( 解决方法三 ). (2)It is essential that proper action /effective measures should be taken to reverse this situation/ stop the trend. (3)It is hoped /suggested that considerable/ great efforts should be made to ... (4)There is no easy /immediate solution/ approach to the issue of...but...might be beneficial/helpful. 第三段：总结这样做的好处 常用句型： Only in this way can we... 二、高考语段 (1)Such a situation is of great concern.In my opinion ， overprotection and too much care are extremely bad for children ’ s development.Instead of doing everything for them ， parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves.Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful. 这样的情况很值得关注。在我看来，过度保护和太多照顾对孩子们的发展是极其有害的。父母不应该为他们做一切事情，而是应该鼓励孩子们克服困难，激励他们自我发展。只有这样他们才能独立成长，真正成功 。 ( 2013· 福建 ) (2)But in fact ， I often don ’ t quite follow my timetable because of some reasons.For example ， playing football and watching TV take up much of my spare time.So I think we should have our parents or someone else supervise us every day. 但是事实上，出于一些原因我经常不遵照时间表。例如踢足球和看电视占据了我很多业余时间。因此我想我们应该让我们的父母或其他人每天监督我们。 (2013· 四川 ) 三、写作模板 Currently ， there is a widespread concern over (the issue that) ( 讨论议题 ).It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result ， we must spare no effort to take some measures to solve this problem. As we know ， there are many steps which can be taken to solve this problem.First of all ， ( 途径一 ).In addition ， another way contributing to success of solving the problem is ( 途径二 ). Above all ， to solve the problem of ( 讨论议题 ) ， we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned ， I would prefer to solve the problem in this way ， that is to say ， ( 自己的方法 ). 经典语篇 请 就学生目前过重的课业负担写一篇 100 词左右的文章。文章必须包含以下内容： 1. 简述学生课业负担过重； 2. 造成课业负担过重的原因 ( 至少两个 ) ； 3. 提出解决办法 ( 至少两个 ) 。 佳作欣赏 Nowadays ， students are burdened with heavy workloads.They not only have to study very hard in the daytime but also stay up late to finish their homework. There are many reasons.Maybe the most important one is the pressure they may face in the future.On the other hand ， parents and teachers expect too much of them ， because they think nowadays the social competition is very intense . The problem is becoming more and more serious and it ’ s time for us to do something to change the situation.First ， teachers should reform their classroom activities to make full use of the time in class.Besides ， students should improve their learning efficiency.In this way ， the problem may finally be solved. 即时训练 假设 你校英语社团举办以 “ 讲求文明，从我做起 ” 为主题的征文活动，请你以 “ On the Way to School ” 为题，写一篇英语短文。 内容主要包括： 1. 遵守交通法规； 2. 注意举止文明。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 . 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文 On the Way to School These days ， breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon ， causing serious harm to life and the environment.Changing this situation requires considerable effort on the part of everyone.As for me ， it should start on my way to school . I will keep traffic rules in mind all the way.If I ride a bike ， I ’ ll always keep to the right and never cross a road until the traffic light turns green.If I walk ， I ’ ll never forget to use the pedestrian crossing . Meanwhile ， I will regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean and healthy.Not only will I keep from littering and spitting anywhere ， I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.I hope my behavior will make a difference. 第 15 讲 “ 看 图写话 ” 一、 “ 看图写话 ” 记叙类 此 类作文要求考生根据所给的一组图画，写出一篇故事完整、句子通顺、语意连贯、符合图意的短文。在命题形式上除了图画的提示外，一般还有中英文提示，有的开头已给出。着重考查考生的语言表达能力和想象力。 此 类作文往往使用过去时，按照时间顺序叙述。开头开门见山、直入主题。正文注意用词恰当和句子之间的衔接过渡，可适当使用 and ， then ， however ， thus 等使文章层次分明、文理通顺、意思连贯。结尾应自然有力。 经典语 篇 ( 2015· 北京 ) 假设 你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍在 “ 传统文化进校园 ” 活动中，向面人艺术家学习捏面人的过程，并以 “ A Day with a Craftsman ” 为题，给校刊 “ 英语角 ” 写一篇英语稿件。 注意： 词数不少于 60 。 参考词汇： 一个面团 a piece of dough ；面人 dough figurine 佳作欣赏 Last Tuesday ， our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines. When the craftsman came into the classroom ， we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box.First ， he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines.We stood around him and watched attentively.Then we started to have a try ourselves.The old man walked around and helped us patiently.Finally ， we put the figurines we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman.Looking at the figurines ， we were all very excited . We hope we can have more activities of this kind ! 即时 训练 ( 2016· 陕西西安高新一中模拟 ) 某 中学生英文报举办故事大赛，请根据下列五幅图画提供的信息，以 “ Zhang Ping ’ s Choice ” 为题，用英语写一篇 100 词左右的故事，讲述张平的经历。 “ 电脑 …… 难学 …… 英语 …… 难记 …… 科技 …… 难懂 …… 还是电视好看，纸牌好玩 ……” 参考范文 Zhang Ping ’ s Choice My neighbor ， named Zhang Ping ， is upset these days ， because he hasn ’ t found a job yet since he graduated from school.While in school ， he was advised to learn computer ， but he was unwilling to learn it ， saying it was difficult.He always slept in English classes as he thought it hard to remember English words.Also ， he refused to study science and technology ， because he considered it was too difficult to understand . He only enjoyed watching TV ， playing cards ， smoking and so on ， which he found interesting and easy.He happily spent a lot of time in doing these.However ， when he is seeking a position on the job market ， he finds that only people with a good knowledge of computer ， English and science technology are needed.He regrets the time he wasted. 二、 “ 看图写话 ” 咨询类 此 类作文考查考生的观察能力、分析能力和语言表达能力。作文难点是审题，切忌遗漏要点。注意主次分明，详略得当。文章要求思路清晰，表达自然。根据情景的发展，按顺序安排好材料。同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，使文章具有连贯性。语言力求准确、简洁。注意主动句、被动句结合，长短句结合。所询问的内容可结合使用直接引语和宾语从句，尽量避免句式单一、枯燥乏味。 写作模板 Dear ， I am ( 自我介绍 ).I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding ( 要询问的内容 ). First of all, what are ( 第一个问题 ) ？ Secondly ， when will ( 第二个问题 ) ？ Thirdly ， is ( 第三个问题 )? I would also like to inquire ( 将最重要的问题单独成段 ).Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above- mentioned aspects ? Thank you for your kindness ， and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated. Yours sincerely ， Li Ming 经典语 篇 ( 2014· 新课标全国 Ⅰ ) 假定 你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意，请给该校写封信，询问有关情况 ( 箭头所指内容 ) 。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2 . 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 住宿 accommodation Dear Sir/Madam ， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours faithfully ， Li Hua 佳作欣赏 Dear Sir/Madam ， I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation.I ’ ve seen your ad ， and I ’ d like to know something more about your six- week English course.First ， when will the course start and how many class hours are there per week ？ Besides ， I wish there would not be too many students in a class.I ’ d also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included.Would there be host family or university dormitory ? I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours faithfully ， Li Hua 即时训练 假如 你的名字叫李丹，是湖北大学的学生。你在一份英文报纸上看到如下招聘广告。请用英语给 David 写一封 100 词左右的应聘信。要点提示 ： 1 . 自我简介； 2. 欲谋其职； 3. 自身条件 ( 爱好：擅厨 ) ； 4. 询问情况 ( 报酬等 ) 。 Wanted Do you like children ？ Are you over 18 ？ Do you like to cook ？ If so ， please write to ： Mr and Mrs David,5 Dongzhimen Street. 参考范文 Dear Mr and Mrs David ， My name is Li Dan ， a first -year student of Hubei University.I ’ m twenty years old.Yesterday ， I had the pleasure of seeing your advertisement in the newspaper.It really attracted me because I ’ m looking for an odd job during my university vacation . I am glad to tell you that I like children very much.I have a younger brother.I always take care of him.I learned to cook from my mother.When Mum wasn ’ t in I had to cook.The whole family enjoys eating the dishes I make . Could you please tell me whether you have a spare room for me to live in and how much I will get a wage? I ’ m eager to hear from you. Yours sincerely ， Li Dan 三、 “ 看图写话 ” 漫画类 这种 题型更能考查学生分析问题的能力，因此深受命题者的青睐。考生应注意认真审题，切忌审题偏颇影响得分。高考漫画作文主要有两种类型： 1. 讽刺型漫画，引发考生对不良社会现象的思考； 2. 哲理型漫画，通过形象或抽象的图画，讲述道理引发哲理性思考。此类作文首先要描述图画，然后分析图画所反映的问题或讲述的道理，最后联系实际发表自己的观点。 1. 读图 仔细 观察画面，注意细节，尤其是夸张表现的地方。注意：文字说明部分往往是重要线索 (clues) ，切记要认真阅读！ 2. 解意 (1) 辨明褒贬，找准角度 (2) 联系生活，明晰主旨 3. 谋篇 (3 parts) 描写画面 ( 用现在时 ) ： (1)The picture is talking about/shows... (2)The picture shows a common phenomenon... (3)The picture describes an interesting phenomenon... (4)In the picture ， there is/are... (5)The picture above is about... (6)Let ’ s look at the picture above/first . 分析漫画所反映的问题： (1)It seems very ridiculous that...However ， this kind of story is performed everywhere. (2)The picture shows that...It is the exact reflection of... (3)The picture indicates that we... (4)Nowadays ， it is a common phenomenon that... (5)This is a satirical( 讽刺的 ) cartoon which describes vividly a kind of common phenomenon among ... 表达个人观点 ： (1)I think/believe that... (2)As far as I ’ m concerned /In my opinion/ From my point of view... (3)...should... (4)It is better/advisable to... (5)I consider it necessary ... 经典语篇 (2015· 福建 ) 请阅读 右 面 图画，按要求用英语写一篇词数为 120 左右的短文。 内容 包括： 1. 描述画面； 2. 概述其含义； 3. 谈谈个人感想。 注意： 1. 短文开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2 . 可适当发挥，使文章内容充实、行文连贯。 参考词汇： 凿，钻 bore In the picture ， ____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 凿壁偷光 佳作欣赏 In the picture ， we can see a boy in worn clothes ， sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it.A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading. This is a well -known story from an ancient Chinese idiom.The boy ， being poor ， couldn ’ t afford even a candle ， so he bored a hole in the wall to “ steal ” light from his neighbor ’ s house to read at night.The moral of the story is ： spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be . Of course ， things are totally different today.It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts.Hard work pays off.We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future. 即时训练 请 根据你对以下两幅图的理解，以 “ Actions Speak Louder than Words ” 为题，用英语写一篇作文。 你 的作文应包括以下内容： 1. 简要描述两幅图的内容； 2. 概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解； 3. 举例说明两幅图对你的启示。 注意： 1. 可参照图片适当发挥； 2 . 词数 100 左右。 参考词汇： 横幅 banner ；树桩 stump 参考范文 Actions Speak Louder than Words People celebrate Earth Day differently.In Picture 1 ， a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps ， but in vain ， while Picture 2 shows a couple happily planting trees. The message conveyed here is clear ： “ Actions speak louder than words. ” Our earth is suffering severe damage.Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it ？ The answer is definitely the latter.Immediate action should be taken ， like stopping cutting down trees ， to better the environment. Actions are important in other fields ， too.Instead of shouting empty slogans ， it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules ， stopping at the red light rather than complaining about traffic jams.Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish. 第 16 讲　图表说明文 图表 分类： 1. 数字表、函数关系图、曲线图 (graph) ； 2. 表格 (table) ； 3. 几何图形 (figure) ； 4. 图形表、饼状图 (pie chart) ； 5. 条状图、柱状图 (bar chart) ； 6. 平面图、示意图、外形图 (diagram) 。 图表 说明文一般可分三个层次来写： 1. 按照题目要求描述图表反映的总情况，即概括大意。 2. 对数字进行仔细的比较，抓住特点进行分析、归纳并找出产生变化的原因。 3. 可写读图表后的想法、结论、评论或针对反映出的问题采取的解决措施。 注意： 1. 考生应仔细研究题目及提示信息，认清图表中的数字、线条、阴影等部分的变化趋势和走向，抓住其主要特点，然后根据图表所显示的中心信息确定内容层次以及主题句 。 2. 考生应仔细研究图表所给出的大量信息，从中选取最重要、最有代表性的信息，然后根据全文的主旨去组织运用所获取的关键信息。切忌简单地罗列图表所给出的信息。 一、写作常识 1. 常用的描述句型 (1)The table /chart/ diagram/graph shows (that)... (2)According to the table /chart/ diagram/graph... (3)As is shown in the table /chart/ diagram/graph... (4)As can be seen from the table /chart/ diagram /graph/ figures... (5)We can see from the figures/statistics ... (6)It is clear /apparent from the figures/ statistics ... 2. 图表中数据 (data) 的具体表达法 (1) 数据 (data) 在某一个时间段固定不变： fixed in time (2) 在一系列的时间段中转变： changes over time (3) 增加： increase /raise/ rise/go up... (4) 减少： decrease /grow down/ drop /fall/ decline (5) 稳定： remain stable 3. 描写变化的形容词及副词 (1)rapid/rapidly (2)dramatic/dramatically (3)significant/significantly (4)sharp/sharply (5)steep/steeply (6)steady/steadily (7)gradual/gradually ( 8)slow/slowly (9)slight/slightly ( 10)stable/stably 二、写作模板 As (is) shown /indicated by the figure/ in the table /graph/ pie chart /chart ， ( 讨论议题 ) has been increased/ decreased significantly /steadily from to .From the sharp decline/ rise in the chart ， it goes without saying that . There are at least two reasons accounting for .On the one hand ， .On the other hand ， is due to the fact that .In addition ， is responsible for .Maybe there are other reasons to show .But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing . As far as I am concerned ， I hold the view that .I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded . 经典语篇 最近 你校对中学生的消费情况进行了调查。请根据调查表提供的信息写一篇英语短文，简要介绍调查结果并谈谈你对中学生消费的看法。词数： 100 左右。　 佳作欣赏 As can be seen from the diagram above ， nowadays middle school students spend most of their pocket money on snacks ， clothes ， things for entertainment and social communications.However ， they seldom buy learning resources.Furthermore ， some of them are free to buy whatever they like without considering the income of their family and their needs . In my opinion ， it ’ s wrong of us students to consume blindly ， such as following the fashion ， pursuing famous brands of clothes . As we know ， once seeking material comforts ， we will lose the motivation of learning.Therefore ， we should spend our pocket money on what we really need.Also ， we should acquire a scientific outlook of consumption and focus on study.What ’ s more ， it ’ s essential for us to develop a good habit of saving money. 即时训练 假如 你是高中三年级的学生李华，你在学校组织了一项 “ 有烦恼向谁说 ” 的调查活动。请用英语给校报编辑写一封信，反映相关的情况。内容包括：调查结果 ( 如下图所示 ) 、持相应想法的理由及你对调查结果的看法。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 . 信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数 。 Dear Editor ， I am a Senior Three student.Recently we have carried out a survey— “ To whom do you go when in trouble ？ ” The results are as follows . _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely ， Li Hua 参考范文 Dear Editor ， I am a Senior Three student.Recently we have carried out a survey— “ To whom do you go when in trouble ？ ” The results are as follows. 61% of the students surveyed select friends or schoolmates as their ideal listeners when they have troubles ， the reason of which is that they are in the same age and have a better understanding of each other.Another 22% choose teachers and parents to talk to.They suggest that teachers and parents are rich in life and educational experience . Nevertheless ， there are also 17% who don ’ t share their troubles at all.They say that their troubles are not others ’ business.They find it hard to get along with others. It is not easy to reach definite conclusions based on such a survey example.However ， some general comments can be made.It seems clear from the response that some students lack communication with others.So teachers and parents need to play a more important role in their lives. Yours sincerely ， Li Hua