【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二（20页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二（20页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二 ‎[一]‎ This is a time of year when high school students and their families are thinking hard about college. As seniors, juniors, and parents identify their top choices, discussions typically focus on the college itself. Is the institution small or large? How strong are the academics? What is the social life like? Do I like the campus? Such considerations are important, but they can cover the all-important question: Where will these college years lead?‎ Applicants should think seriously about which college on their list can best prepare them for the real world. They should look for campuses that offer well-structured programs to help them form a direction for their lives and develop the capacity to take steps along that path.‎ One of the most striking recent phenomena about college graduates in America has been the “boomerang” student: the young person who goes away to college, has a great experience, graduates, and then moves back home for a year or two to figure out what to do with his or her life. This pattern has left many graduates—and their families—wondering whether it makes sense to spend four or more years at college, often at great expense, and finish with no clear sense of who they are or what they want to do next. The trend points to one of the great shortcomings of many of our nation’s leading colleges and universities. Structured opportunities to think about life after graduation are rare. The formal curriculum focuses almost universally on the academic disciplines of the arts and sciences. Advising on how various majors connect to pathways into the workplace is typically haphazard(没有条理的). Career planning offices are often shorthanded and marginal(不重要的)to college life.‎ It doesn’t need to be this way, and in recent years some of the country’s top colleges have enriched their academic offerings with opportunities for students to gain real-world experiences.‎ ‎8. According to the author, what do typical discussions on college choices ignore?‎ A. The function of college education in employment.‎ B. The difficulty in finding jobs after graduation.‎ C. High school students’ interests.‎ D. The academics of college.‎ ‎9. Which accounts for the “trend” mentioned in the fourth paragraph?‎ A. Students failing to behave themselves.‎ B. Parents overprotecting their children.‎ C. Students choosing majors blindly.‎ D. Schools lacking proper guidance.‎ ‎10. What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph?‎ A. Recipes for academic achievements.‎ B. Good academic programs in college.‎ C. Academic tips for college students.‎ D. Disadvantages of present college courses.‎ ‎11. What’s the best title for the text?‎ A. A good way to choose a college B. A new trend in top colleges C. Connect subjects with life beyond college D. Make college one of life’s richest experience ‎【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A ‎【解析】文章主要讲述了在选择大学时需要考虑很多方面如：哪一所大学能让他们更好地为现实世界做准备，应该寻找能提供良好结构的项目的校园，帮助他们形成生活的方向，培养他们沿着这条路走的能力。‎ ‎8. 细节理解题。根据“Applicants should think seriously about which college on their list can best prepare them for the real world.” 申请者应该认真考虑他们名单上的哪一所大学能让他们更好地为现实世界做准备。根据作者的观点，关于大学的选择讨论忽视了大学教育在就业中的作用。故选A。‎ ‎9. 词义猜测题。根据“This pattern has left many graduates—and their families—wondering whether it makes sense to spend four or more years at college, often at great expense, and finish with no clear sense of who they are or what they want to do next.”这种模式让许多毕业生与他们的家庭怀疑，在大学花上四年或更多的时间在大学里是否有道理，通常花费很大，而且没有明确知道自己是谁，下一步做什么。故可推知学校缺乏指导。故选D。‎ ‎10. 推理判断题。文章最后一段讲述了近年来，一些国家的顶尖大学丰富了他们 的学术成果，有机会让学生获得真实的体验。可推知下一段应介绍大学的学术课程。故选B。‎ ‎11. 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了在选择大学时需要考虑很多方面如：哪一所大学能让他们更好地为现实世界做准备，应该寻找能提供良好结构的项目的校园，帮助他们形成生活的方向，培养他们沿着这条路走的能力。故选A。‎ ‎【名师点睛】推理判断型 推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。推理判断题常常可以分为如下几类：(1)细节推断。如时间、地点、人物关系等；(2)逻辑推断。根据已知的结果推断导致结果产生的可能原因；(3)目的、意图、态度推断。根据文章的论述，推断作者的写作目的以及作者的情感态度；(4)预测想象推断。文章没有明确说明，要求根据语篇对文章可能涉及的内容进行预测判断。例如：本题中的第3小题。【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断型中的(4)预测想象推断。文章没有明确说明，要求根据语篇对文章可能涉及的内容进行预测判断。‎ ‎【答案定位】文章最后一段讲述了近年来，一些国家的顶尖大学丰富了他们的学术成果，有机会让学生获得真实的体验。可推知下一段应介绍大学的学术课程。‎ ‎[二]‎ The World Health Organization (WHO) says the widespread use of sugar in food products and drinks is a major concern in many areas. So WHO officials are calling on governments to require taxes on sugary drinks. The officials believe the taxes also would reduce the risk of health problems resulting from obesity.‎ Obesity is a condition in which the body stores large, unhealthy amounts of fat. A new report says that in 2014 more than one-third of the adults in the world were overweight, and 500 million were considered obese. The United Nations agency estimates that in 2015, 42 million children under age 5 were either overweight or obese. Almost half of these boys and girls live in Asia and one-fourth in Africa.‎ The U.N. agency blames unhealthy diets for a rise in diabetes cases. There are more than 400 million cases of the disease worldwide. The WHO says 1.5 million people die from it every year. It ‎ says the use of sugar in food products and drinks is a major reason for the increase in rates of obesity and diabetes.‎ Temo Waqanivalu is with the agency. He told VOA that taxing sugary drinks would reduce consumption and save lives. Wayanivalu noted that Mexico enacted a 10 percent tax on sugary drinks in 2014. He said by the end of the year, there was a 6 percent drop in the consumption of such drinks. Among poor people, the number of people who consumed sugary drinks dropped by 17 percent.‎ The WHO says people should limit the amount of sugar they consume. It says they should keep their sugar intake to below 10 percent of their total energy needs, and reduce it to less than 5 percent for improved health.‎ ‎12. Why are taxes on sugary drinks required?‎ A. To limit their use and popularity.‎ B. To readjust the economic structure.‎ C. To warn people to change their lifestyle.‎ D. To ensure the market’s diverse development.‎ ‎13. What do the figures in the second paragraph suggest?‎ A. Adult obesity is ignored at present.‎ B. Obesity is a severe worldwide problem.‎ C. Obesity can block economic development.‎ D. Obesity is most serious in developed countries.‎ ‎14. What does the underlined word “enacted” mean in the passage?‎ A. Abolish B. Pass C. Promise D. Reduce ‎15. What does the example of Mexico prove?‎ A. Tax policies are unfair to the poor.‎ B. Sugary drinks are a threat to health.‎ C. The poor consume more sugary drinks.‎ D. Taxing sugary drinks makes a difference.‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. D ‎【解析】文章讲述了通过几组数据可知含糖食品和饮料的使用是肥胖和糖尿病发病率增加的一个主要原因。因此世卫组织官员呼吁各国政府对含糖饮料征税。官员们相信，税收也会减少肥胖导致的健康问题的风险 ‎13. 推理判断题。根据“A new report says that in 2014 more than one-third of the adults in the world were overweight, and 500 million were considered obese.” 一份新的报告说，在2014世界上超过三分之一的成年人超重，5亿的人被认为是肥胖的。可知肥胖是一个严重的社会问题。故选B。‎ ‎14. 词义猜测题。根据“He told VOA that taxing sugary drinks would reduce consumption and save lives.” 他对美国之音说，对含糖饮料征税将减少消费并挽救生命。可知2014年墨西哥制定了对含糖饮料征收10%的税。故选B。‎ ‎15. 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段可知，墨西哥通过对含糖饮料征税后，饮料的消费量下降，可推知人们对糖的摄入量减少。改善的健康状况。故选D。‎ ‎[三]‎ There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise. Some people believe that they can’t help putting on weight as they get older, while others hold that if they stop exercising, their muscles will turn into fat. Here are some more myths:‎ I’ll never lose weight--I come from a fat family Wrong! While we can't change the body type we are born with, we can't blame our genes for making us fat. There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they share the same habit of eating too much and exercise too little.‎ I am fat because I burn calories slowly Wrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陈代谢).In fact, although fat people consume more energy than slim people, they also fail to realize how much they eat! Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake mom accurately.‎ Exercise is boring Wrong! Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively. The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that's fun as well as progressive. If you enjoy a Sunday walk, take a different mute. If you do yoga, try a Tai chi class. If you like swiping, set yourself a distance or time ‎ challenge.‎ No pain, no gain Wrong! Exercise is not meant to hurt. Indeed, pain is you body telling you something's wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly. If they don't, rest and seek medical advice.‎ ‎5. What does the author think about being fat?‎ A. It is the family genes that make people fat.‎ B. People are fat because they consume too little energy.‎ C. A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.‎ D. It is the consequence of people's unbalanced lifestyle.‎ ‎6. According to the author, how can we make exercise mom interesting?‎ A. By taking varied exercise. B. By choosing simple exercise.‎ C. By doing regular exercise. D. By sticking to outdoor exercise.‎ ‎7. What is the author's opinion about "No pain, no gain" in exercising?‎ A. Keeping lit is essentially a painful experience.‎ B. Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.‎ C. Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.‎ D. Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.‎ ‎8. What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A. To declare the importance of keeping lit.‎ B. To clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.‎ C. To confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit.‎ D. To explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.‎ ‎【答案】5. D 6. A 7. B 8. B ‎【解析】文章大意：本文是人们中一些关于肥胖和锻炼的错误的观点的说明同时还否定了这些错误的观点。‎ ‎5. 作者在文章中否定了多个关于肥胖和锻炼的错误观点。根据第二段最后一句the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little可知肥胖和遗传无关，和我们的饮食习惯以及锻炼太少有关。A项说法是错误的。B项的说法与文章相 反，人们肥胖是由于摄入太多引起的。文章只是说记日记可以让我们知道自己吃了多少。只有D项说法是正确的。‎ ‎6. 根据文章倒数第二段1,2行The key is to develop a balances and varied program that is fun as well as progressive。可知关键在于要有一个平衡的，多样化的锻炼的计划。也就是说要有多种不同的锻炼形式相互配合。故A正确。‎ ‎7. 根据文章最后一段1,2行pain is your body telling you something is wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury。可知如果我们的身体感觉疼痛就说明有了问题我们就应该停止锻炼，否则就会受伤了。故B正确 ‎8. 根据文章第一句：There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise可知本文是人们中一些关于肥胖和锻炼的错误的观点的说明。故B正确。‎ ‎[四]‎ The idea of being able to walk on water has long interested humans greatly. Sadly, biological facts prevent us ever accomplishing such a thing without artificial aid---we simply weigh too much, and all our mass pushes down through our relatively small feet, resulting in a lot of pressure that makes us sink.‎ However, several types of animals can walk on water. One of the most interesting is the common basilisk Basilicus basilicus, a lizard (蜥蜴)native to Central and South America. It can run across water for a distance of several meters, avoiding getting wet by rapidly hitting the water’s surface with its feet. The lizard will take as many as 20 steps per second to keep moving forward. For humans to do this, we，d need huge feet that we could bring up to our ears in order to create adequate w hitting. ’’‎ But fortunately there is an alternative cornflour. By adding enough of this common thickening agent to water (and it does take a lot), you can create a “non-Newtonian” liquid that doesn’t behave like normal water. Now, if the surface of the water is hit hard enough, particles(粒子）in the water group together for a moment to make the surface hard. Move quickly enough and put enough force into each step, and you really can walk across the surface of an adequately thick Liquid of cornflour.‎ Fun though all this may sound, it’s still rather messy and better read about in theory than carried out in practice. If you must do it, then keep the water wings handy in case you start to sink--and take a shower afterward!‎ ‎9. Walking on water hasn’t become a reality mainly because humans______.‎ A. are not interested in it B. have biological limitations C. have not invented proper tools D. are afraid to make an attempt ‎10. What do we know about Basilicus basilicus from the passage?‎ A. It is light enough to walk on water.‎ B. Its huge feet enable it to stay above water.‎ C. It can run across water at a certain speed.‎ D. Its unique skin keeps it from getting wet in water.‎ ‎11. What is the function of the cornflour according to the passage?‎ A. To create a thick liquid.‎ B. To turn the water into solid.‎ C. To help the liquid behave normally.‎ D. To enable the water to move rapidly.‎ ‎12. What is the author’s attitude toward the idea of humans’ walking on water?‎ A. It is risky but beneficial.‎ B. It is interesting and worth trying.‎ C. It is crazy and cannot become a reality.‎ D. It is impractical though theoretically possible.‎ ‎【答案】9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D ‎【解析】试题分析：人类有一个一直感兴趣但一直未能实现的愿望：水上行走。不能实现的原因是“生物性局限”。本文主要介绍了一种理论上可行实际上难以实现的人类水上行走的方法：借助玉米粉（cornflour）增加水面浓度。‎ ‎9. B细节题。从第一段Sadly, biological facts prevent us ever accomplishing such a thing without artificial aid …可知，人类至今不能在水面行走是“生物”原因。选择B。‎ ‎10. C细节题。从第二段It can run across water for a distance of several meters, avoiding getting wet by rapidly hitting the water’s surface with its feet.一句可知，这种蜥蜴能在水面行走是因为速度快（每秒钟达到20步）。选择 C。‎ ‎11. A细节题。第三段this common thickening agent明确这是一种“常见的增稠剂”。选择A。‎ ‎12. D推断题。从第二段it does take a lot，最后一段it’s still rather messy and better read about in theory than carried out in practice. 等句推断，借助增稠剂实现人类在水面行走，理论上可行但真正实现很难做到。选择D项。‎ ‎【学法指导】‎ 根据文章中提供的一些事实，再加上自己的常识，透过表面可以看到事物的本质，从而做出合理准确的判断。比如第11.小题，推断题。从第二段it does take a lot，最后一段it’s still rather messy and better read about in theory than carried out in practice. 等句推断，借助增稠剂实现人类在水面行走，理论上可行但真正实现很难做到。选择D项。‎ ‎[五]‎ National Treasure has Chinese audiences fired up. But don’t confuse it with the Hollywood action film of the same name, in which the hidden history of the United States going back around 250 years is discovered. In the Chinese show, producers are lucky — China has a much longer history, and their plan to introduce relics is welcomed by the Palace Museum in the Forbidden City, and eight key provincelevel museums.‎ Yu Lei, director of the show, explained how items are chosen, “Our standard is not to choose the most precious items. We want the ones with most attractive stories. If people are bored, there is something wrong with our methods.” “These cultural relics are like aged people. They have so much to tell us，” she said.‎ In each 100minute period, three key exhibits from a museum are introduced by entertainment stars, called the “national treasure guardians”， through short stage dramas, telling the history of the legends behind the items. Some lesserknown stories on how the items were unearthed are featured in the show. In the periods, experts speak about the relics and ordinary people are also invited on stage to share their stories linked to such relics. Knowledge, entertainment, taste and an accessible approach have been put together in one show. When people see cultural relics in this lively way, they feel history.‎ The aim of the show is not to create a hit program but to attract more people to museums. More seasons of National Treasure are planned, and some treasures from the show are to be featured in a touring exhibition soon after the first season ends. A show like this fuels people’s pride in their country.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的一档大型电视节目《国家宝藏》，包括节目的制作目的、取材、构成、讲解员等相关情况。‎ ‎★5.We can learn that National Treasure is a(n) .‎ A．historical program aimed at creating a hot topic B．Hollywood action film telling the whole American history C．Chinese show introducing relics through short dramas D．exhibition welcomed by nine provincelevel museums 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the Chinese show ... their plan to introduce relics”可知，这是中国的一档节目，介绍的是文物；根据第三段第一句中的“through short stage dramas”可知，这档节目通过舞台短剧的形式来介绍文物，所以选C。‎ ‎6．What Yu Lei said shows that they .‎ A．like cultural relics whose stories can be told by aged people B．choose some valuable items with most attractive stories behind C．think something is wrong with their methods of choosing relics D．don’t like the most precious items because they’re not attractive 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Our standard is not to choose the most precious items. We want the ones with most attractive stories.”可知，他们选择的标准是背后有非常吸引人的故事的文物，所以选B。‎ ‎7．Who may be invited to introduce the exhibits?‎ A．Film experts.　　　 B．Ordinary people.‎ C．Museum guides. D．Entertainment stars.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“In each 100minute period, three key exhibits from a museum are introduced by entertainment stars”可知，在时长为100分钟的每一期节目里，娱乐明星将介绍一个博物馆里的三件展品，故选D。‎ ‎8．In which part of a newspaper can you most probably read the text?‎ A．Science. B．Health.‎ C．Economy. D．Culture.‎ 解析：选D　文章出处题。文章讲述的是中国的一档与文物有关的电视节目，最有可能出现在报纸的文化部分，跟科学、健康以及经济没有关系或关系不大，所以选D。‎ ‎[六]‎ A new “smart bin” will spell the end of environmentconscious families spending hours sorting tins, plastic boxes, bottles and cardboard for recycling. The invention is being trialed in Poland and is set to go on sale in the UK within a few years.‎ The bin, designed by the startup company Bin. E, recognizes different types of waste via a system positioned inside the bin which uses sensors (传感器), image recognition and artificial intelligence. Once waste is placed inside, the camera and sensors identify its type and place it in one of the smaller bins. Then it presses the waste hard so it occupies less space.‎ It’s thought that the bin could be supplied by department stores such as John Lewis. “We’ve recently seen a jump in specialist bins sales, with a 25% increase in the last few months alone. ‎ We’ve noticed our customers are becoming more and more sustainability (可持续性) focused, choosing recycling bins that make it far easier to recycle different types of waste，” says Matt Thomas, a worker at John Lewis.‎ Bin. E’s official release (发布) on the market will take place soon. And the office bin will be sold at ￡430 while corporate (团体的) customers will need to pay extra ￡107 for an accompanying smartphone app, which hooks them up with collection services.‎ A spokesman at Bin. E says, “The home version of the bin will be cheaper. After the office version, we plan to create an outdoor version and later the home version. We decided to go for the outdoor version for public areas first because it’s more difficult to organize an effective waste sorting system outside than in our homes.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一家刚成立的公司Bin.E设计了一款新型“智能垃圾桶”，它可以自动把垃圾进行分类。‎ ‎★13.What makes the smart bin special?‎ A．It saves space in the room.‎ B．It holds more rubbish in it.‎ C．It sorts rubbish automatically.‎ D．It can connect with a phone app.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句和第二段的内容可知，这款“智能垃圾桶”能够自动给垃圾分类，减少人们进行垃圾分类的麻烦。‎ ‎14．What is the second paragraph mainly about?‎ A．How to use the bin.‎ B．How the bin works.‎ C．How the bin was invented.‎ D．How the bin deals with the waste.‎ 解析：选B　段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，本段告诉我们这款“智能垃圾桶”的工作原理。‎ ‎15．What probably makes specialist bins sell well according to Matt Thomas?‎ A．Their looks are attractive.‎ B．Artificial intelligence is used.‎ C．They are sold at a proper price.‎ D．People are environmentconscious.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中Matt Thomas所说可知，他认为顾客们越来越注重可持续发展，具有环保意识，更多人倾向于选择分类回收垃圾桶。‎ ‎16．Which version will be first available on the market?‎ A．The office version. B．The outdoor version.‎ C．The home version. D．The standard version.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“After the office version, we plan to create an outdoor version and later the home version.”可知，这家公司会先推出办公室用的智能垃圾桶。‎ ‎[七]‎ Are you planning to go to university？What do you think your responsibilities will be in the first few weeks？If you go to university in Chile, there will be something extra you must do before you can begin.‎ An important part of starting university in Chile is the mechoneo. The mechoneo is an ancient university tradition. Students beginning their first year at university are “welcomed” by the older university students. They are taken to a place like a swimming pool filled with horrible things such as old fruit, vegetables, meat and fish. They have to do games and challenges for a whole day, which may include some really revolting things like kissing a dead fish!‎ The “queen mechona” and “king mechona” are chosen that day. This will be based on how well the students do the activities, and many students try hard to be the king or queen for the year.‎ The older students then take away the younger students’ things (their backpacks, money, phones, etc.) and tell them they must go out onto the street and ask people for money. They will need to bring back a certain amount of money (e.g. around 20 dollars per person) in order to be given their things back. This money is then used to have a welcome party in the night time.‎ During the month of March it is common to see new university students all around the town wearing dirty clothes and covered in paint and mess. But the mechoneo is increasingly a source of debate.Some students see it as an important tradition and a unique experience that can help new arrivals get to know everyone while others find it shameful. There have been campaigns to ban or soften it and student organizations in some universities have voted to end the mechoneo completely.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智利大学里的一个传统——新生周。‎ ‎★1.Why does the author ask two questions at the beginning of the text?‎ A．To clarify responsibilities.‎ B．To present an argument.‎ C．To introduce the topic.‎ D．To show some doubts.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段的“If you go to university in Chile, there will be something extra you must do before you can begin.”以及第二段的内容可知，文章开头提出两个问题是为了引出新生周这个话题。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “revolting” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A．Unpleasant.　　　　　 B．Meaningful.‎ C．Exciting. D．Dangerous.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词后的“like kissing a dead fish”可知，老生会让新生做一些“令人作呕的”事情，比如亲吻死鱼。这当然是令人不愉快的事情，故选A。‎ ‎3．What’s the older students’ special way of welcoming new arrivals in Chile?‎ A．Hold a big party for them.‎ B．Ask them for money.‎ C．Make a fool of them.‎ D．Debate with them.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段和第四段的内容可知，在新生周新生常会被老生以各种方式捉弄。‎ ‎★4.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?‎ A．The mechoneo is a good tradition worth spreading.‎ B．As a matter of fact, not everyone likes the mechoneo.‎ C．New students get to know each other by the mechoneo.‎ D．It is natural for the mechoneo to be banned in colleges.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the mechoneo is increasingly a source of debate. Some ...while others find it shameful.”可知，对于新生周这个校园传统并非每个人都赞同。‎ ‎[八]‎ India now leads the world in smartphone growth. It saw a 55% increase in the number of smartphone in 2014. The number of Web users increased by 37 %. Smartphones were the source of 65 % of its Internet traffic and 41 % of its e-commerce, according to a report by the analyst Mary Meeker, titled “Internet Trends 2015”.‎ India’s Internet boom has started. Within three or four years, almost every adult in India will own a smartphone. They will be used to order goods, read news, monitor crop growth and so on.‎ Indian adults will be very interested in these devices just as young Americans are. 87 % of Americans between the ages of 18 and 34 who own smartphones say they never separate from these: “My smartphone never leaves my side.” Four out of five say that the first thing they do on waking is to reach for their smartphones. And three fifths believe that in the next five years everything will be done on mobile devices.‎ In the business world, the rise of mobile platforms is dramatically transforming many industries all over the world. What Indian software developers have to do is to start thinking about solutions to ‎ old problems by using all the features of these new devices. They need to take advantage of the unique properties of smartphones and tablets. As Indian software developers and enterprises master the smartphone, they will be able to export their solutions to the rest of the world.‎ This will make possible a new tech revolution that is greater than what created India’s IT industry in the 1980s and 1990s. We can expect the rapid transformation of India when a billion people become connected and have equal access to information and services.‎ ‎17. Loads of numbers are used in Paragraph 1 to show _____________.‎ A. India’s smartphones increase most rapidly in the world B. India has the most advanced IT industry in the world C. India will be a superpower pretty soon D. India will export new smartphones to the rest of the world ‎18. What will most young Americans do first the moment they wake up?‎ A. Read news. B. Shop online.‎ C. Get their smartphones. D. Check e-mails.‎ ‎19. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. India is the largest mobile maker in the world.‎ B. Indian farmers use smartphones to monitor crop growth..‎ C. Indian software developers have made great profits by selling their products abroad.‎ D. India saw a great boom in IT industry some 30 years ago.‎ ‎20. Which can be the best title of the text?‎ A. More people, more smartphones B. No dream, every Indian owns a smartphone C. At hand, India’s next tech revolution D. A small smartphone, a big use ‎【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C ‎【解析】试题分析：近年来，印度智能手机联接互联网发展迅猛，可以预见，印度的下一次技术革命即将到来。‎ ‎17. A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句India now leads the world in smartphone growth.（印度现在引领世界智能手机的发展。）可知，A项正确。‎ ‎18. C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句Four out of five say that the first thing they do ‎ on waking is to reach for their smartphones.可知，醒来第一件事就是伸手去够手机。故选C。‎ ‎19. B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段Within three or four years, almost every adult in India will own a smartphone. They will be used to order goods, read news, monitor crop growth and so on.可知，印度的农民将使用智能手机来掌握庄稼的生长情况，故选B。‎ ‎20. C 主旨大意题。含有概括全文的关键词：印度、at hand（双关：在手边（手机）&即将到来）、技术革命。即将到来印度的下一场技术革命。故选C。‎ ‎【名师点拨】‎ 推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。比如，第26小题B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段Within three or four years, almost every adult in India will own a smartphone. They will be used to order goods, read news, monitor crop growth and so on.可知，印度的农民将使用智能手机来掌握庄稼的生长情况，故选B。‎ ‎[九]‎ Scientists today are making greater effort to study ocean currents(洋流). Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way-by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years’ experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.‎ Ebbesmeyer found out in his researches that the shoes — about 60,000 in total — fell into the ocean in a shipping accident. He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back. As expected, the company told him that they didn't. Ebbesmeyer realized this could be a great experiment. If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents.‎ The Pacific Northwest is one of the world's best areas for beachcombing(海滩搜寻) because winds and currents join here, and as a result, there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area. Ebbesmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed. In a year he collected reliable information on 1, 600 shoes. With this data, he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer program designed to model ocean currents, and publish the findings of their study.‎ As the result of his work, Ebbesmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean. He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves.‎ ‎16. The underlined phrase swap meets in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______________.‎ A. fitting rooms B. trading fairs C. business talks D. group meetings ‎17. Ebbesmeyer phoned the shoe company to find out _____________.‎ A. what caused the shipping accident B. when and where the shoes went missing C. whether it was all right to use their shoes D. how much they lost in the shipping accident ‎18. How did Ebbesmeyer prove his assumption?‎ A. By collecting information from beachcombers.‎ B. By studying the shoes found by beachcomber.‎ C. By searching the web for ocean currents models.‎ D. By researching ocean currents data in the library.‎ ‎19. Ebbesmeyer is most famous for ________.‎ A. traveling widely the coastal cities of the world B. making records for any lost objects on the sea C. running a global currents research association D. phoning about any doubtful objects on the sea ‎20. What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?‎ A. To call people's attention to ocean pollution.‎ B. To warn people of shipping safety in the ocean.‎ C. To explain a unique way of studying ocean currents.‎ D. To give tips on how to search for lost objects on the beach.‎ ‎【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. C ‎【解析】试题分析:文中介绍了海洋科学家Curtis Ebbesmeyer的一种独特研究洋流的方法——根据海上的漂浮物来研究洋流。他通过寻问海洋搜寻，请他们帮忙来收集漂浮物的信息，用这些信息资料他做实验和研究，不断完善洋流模型的电脑程序设计，然后出版他的研究结果。‎ ‎16. B 词义猜测题。根据try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.可知人们要试穿或卖这些鞋，故推测这是在进行一个交易会。故选B。‎ ‎17. C 推理判断题。根据第二段As expected, the company told him that they didn't. Ebbesmeyer realized this could be a great experiment. If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents.可知他打电话问公司要不要这些鞋，公司说不要。他觉得这可能是一个巨大的实验。如果他能知道这些鞋是何时下水的，何时登陆的，那他就可以推断洋流的形式。这样，打电话最根本的目的是确定“能用你们的鞋子吗？能用我就用来实验了。”故选C。‎ ‎18. A 细节理解题。根据第三段Ebbesmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed. 可知Ebbesmeyer通过寻问海洋搜寻，请他们帮忙来收集信息，证明他的假设。故选A.‎ ‎19. D 细节理解题。由第四段第一句Ebbesmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean可知Ebbesmeyer是个著名的科学家，专门打电话寻问罕见的海上漂流物。故选D.‎ ‎20. C 推理判断题。根据第一段However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way -- by studying movements of random floating garbage. 可知本文介绍了一种独特的研究洋流的方法——通过研究海洋上的漂流物。故选C.‎ ‎[十]‎ We can have conflicts with our important persons like friends, relatives, workmates, etc. But the conflict doesn't necessarily mean that the relationship will be destroyed. In fact, sometimes conflict helps people to let out their silent feelings, allowing them to free their suppressed emotions. However, when in a ‎ conflict, we usually get angry and say or do things which aren't linked to the problem at hand. Therefore, it is important that we should try to avoid conflicts through effective communication.‎ In a heated argument, we usually say things that aren't related to the real problem, and even use rude words to make sure we gain an advantage over the other persons. Then the whole situation goes badly. So we should not separate（隔离）the root cause of the problem and build our discussion around it. This ensures that there are no rude remarks and the situation moves in a positive direction.‎ It's easy for us to think we're right and if something isn't working out, it surely must be someone else's fault. However, if you aim to solve a conflict, first of all, you should show some respect and allow the other persons to express themselves. Using remarks like," I understand your concern on this "or" I know you're right at your end", would make the other persons feel more appreciated.‎ Sometimes some people get too excited and may behave in the wrong way or say something others may not appreciate. This can cause a worse situation. Actually, they should control their emotions and keep calm. This has to be learned through self-control and observing behavior of other people.‎ The tips mentioned above are useful for most situations. However, we don't rule out the possibility that there are some people who always want to create some sort of trouble for others. You can tell them from others, and putting in an effort to resolve a conflict with them may just not be a wise idea. The best way to deal with these people is to forget them. A famous saying can help you and that is:" You should never fight with a pig; you both get dirty and only the pig likes it."‎ ‎5. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?‎ A. Conflicts may help us deal with our emotions.‎ B. Conflicts can improve our relations with others greatly.‎ C. Effective communication can help us avoid conflicts undoubtedly.‎ D. The closer two friends are, the more conflicts are between them.‎ ‎6. When making discussions to solve conflicts, we should .‎ A. know others' personal quality B. know others' ability of expression C. avoid showing our disadvantages D. center on the root cause of the problem ‎7. The author suggests that when people get too excited, they should .‎ A. behave like other people B. control the situation C. learn to keep their head D. say something unconcerned ‎8. In the author's opinion, how should you deal with those who always want to create trouble for you?‎ A. Fight with them.‎ B. Ignore them.‎ C. Have a talk with them.‎ D. Give them something they like.‎ ‎【答案】5. A 6. D 7. C 8. B ‎【解析】即使是和我们最重要的人也会有冲突，文章介绍通过有效的交流来避免冲突几个技巧。‎ ‎5. 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容In fact, sometimes conflict helps people to let out their silent feelings, allowing them to free their suppressed emotions.事实上，有时候冲突能帮助人们释放他们无声的情感，允许他们释放他们压抑的情感。可推断“冲突或许能帮助我们处理情感”正确，故选A。‎ ‎6. 细节理解题。根据第二段内容So we should not separate（隔离）the root cause of the problem…This ensures that there are no rude remarks and the situation moves in a positive direction.我们不应该隔离问题的根源，这会保证没有粗鲁的话语，情势向积极的方向发展。可知在讨论中，我们应该关注问题的根源。故选D。‎ ‎7. 细节理解题。根据第四段内容Actually, they should control their emotions and keep calm.事实上，他们应该控制他们的情感，保持镇静。可知作者认为当人们激动时，他们应该控制情感。故选C。‎ ‎8. 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容关于应对那些想制造麻烦的人的办法The best ‎ way to deal with these people is to forget them.对付那些想制造麻烦的人的最好办法就是忘记他们。可知选B。‎