2018届二轮复习短文改错考点3冠词的混用、多用与少用课件（35张）

2018届二轮复习短文改错考点3冠词的混用、多用与少用课件（35张）

冠词 的 混用 、 多用 与 少用 2018 届二轮复习短文改错考点 3 ： 真题再练 1. (2017 年全国 Ⅰ 卷 ) In the summer holiday following my eighteenth birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. 句意“我仍然记得第一天有多艰难”，表示第几天，序数词前要加定冠词 the 或者限定词 my 进行修饰。 the 或者 my 2. (2017 全国 Ⅱ 卷 )They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. 因 hour 是以元音音素开头的单词，故改为 an ；此处表示“一个半小时”，故 a 还可改为 one 。 an/one 3. (2017 全国 Ⅲ 卷 ) When I look at this picture of myself, I realize how fast time flies. … Around me in picture are the things which were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. 特指上文提到过的“这幅照片”。故加定冠词 the ，还可以加物主代词 my ，限定 picture 。 the 或 my 4. (2016 全国 Ⅰ 卷 )My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time. 意思是他从不梦想“在一段短的时期内”致富，表示“一段”用 a 。 a 5. (2016 全国 Ⅱ 卷 ) But in that case, we will learn little about world. 因 world( 世界 ) 是独一无二的东西，前面要加定冠词 the 。 the 6. (2016 全国 Ⅲ 卷 ) At the first, I thought I knew everything and… 因 at first ( 当初，起初 ) 为固定词组。 7.(2015 全国 I 卷 ) Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. the 因 in the countryside （在农村）是固定词组。 8.(2015 全国 II 卷 ) He liked it so much that he quickly walked into the shop… A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop. 特指上文提到的那家商店，用 the 。 the 9.(2014 全国 I 卷 ) As result, the plants are growing everywhere. 固定词组： as a result 结果。 a 10.(2014 全国 II 卷 ) My dream school looks like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. 不是特指，不用 the 。句意：教学楼周围有各种各样的花和树。 11.(2013 全国 I 卷 ) In a fact, he even scared my classmates away when they came over to play or do homework with me. 固定词组： in fact =in reality 事实上。 12.(2013 全国 II 卷 ) This custom soon became another meal of day. the 因除 all day ( 整天 ), by day( 白天 ) ， day by day ( 一天一天地 ), day after day( 日复一日 ) 等固定短语外， day 前应有限定词，不可单独使用；指“一天中的”要说 of the day 。 13.(2011 全国课标卷 ) I was going to visit a friend there, and after that, I would go to Xiamen for long holiday. 因可数名词 holiday 是单数，前面应有限定词；表示“一个” 长假，填 a ，与 for a long time 类似。 a 思路点拨 1. 留意三无名词。 遇到无冠词、无形容词性物主代词、无不定代词修饰的单数可数名词要注意，若根据语境不是将其变为复数，就一定是在前面加冠词。如［真题再练］第 12 题。 2. 留意固定词组。 固定词组常积累，成就火眼金睛，一看便知错。如［真题再练］第 6 、 7 、 9 、 11 题。 3. 考究是否用错。 要根据冠词的基本用法，如定冠词表示特指，一般来说不是特指不用定冠词；不定冠词表泛指，常可译作“一个 / 本 / 支”等，意义不通，可能有错，如［真题再练］第 4 、 13 题。表泛指， an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前， a 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，如［真题再练］第 2 题。冠词的基本用法可参见语法填空部分。 考点归纳 冠词在近 4 年 10 套题中考了 10 次，可算作必考点。主要从以下 3 个方面考查冠词： 1. 混用。 即 a, an 与 the 的混用 ， 如［真题再练］第 2 、 4 、 8 题。 2. 多用。 如［真题再练］第 6 、 10 、 11 题 ， 考查的内容是“零冠词”，即不用冠词的情况： (1) 专有名词前，如 Tom, China 等。 (2) 学科名词前，如 I like physics 。 (3) 球类运动名词前，如 play football 等。 (4) 三餐名词前，如 have breakfast 等。 (5) 作同位语和补语的表示唯一职位名词前，如 chairman, president 等。 (6) 名词前已有物主代词或不定代词时，如 my teacher, some students 等。 (7) 抽象名词和物质名词等不可数名词表示泛指时，如 I’m fond of music 。 (8) 可数名词的复数形式表示泛指或指一类事物时，如［真题再练］第 10 题。 (9) 不用冠词的固定词组，如［真题再练］第 6 、 11 题。 3. 少用。 这是考查的重点，近 10 套题中就考了 5 次。如［真题再练］第 1 、 3 、 5 、 7 、 9 、 12 、 13 题。要特别留意含有冠词的固定词组，如［真题再练］第 7 、 9 题。 一、句子改错 1. (2010 全国课标卷 ) My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US… 可数名词单数 story 前加不定冠词，表示“一个”故事。 a 考点练透 2. (2009 全国课标卷 )… and they found me a comfortable one on second floor. 序数词前要用定冠词。 the 3. (2008 全国课标卷 ) We were organizing an art exhibition for high school students in city. 应是为特指的某个城市的中学生举办的艺展。事实上，英语中没有 in city 的说法，但通常说 in town 。 the 4. (2014 大纲卷 )As a old saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” 因 old 的读音以元音音素开头。 an 5. (2013 大纲卷 )My mother is very kind and is friendly to everybody. So when I have the problem, I will turn to her for help. 不是特指 , 是泛指。 a 6. (2012 大纲 I) Every one of us can make a great efforts to cut down the use of energy in our country. 因 make a big effort to do sth( 尽很大努力做某事 ) 是固定搭配。 effort 7. (2012 大纲卷 II) Many countries in the world find they don’t have enough water. To deal with a problem, I think, we should first go all out to plant trees… 特指上文提到的缺水“这个”问题。 the/this/that 8. (2011 大纲卷 I) One of my unforgettable memories of my school in Xinjiang is that of lunches we brought from our homes. 因 lunches 后有定语从句修饰，特指从家里带到学校的午餐。 the 9. (2011 大纲卷 II) If you’d like to make trip to our city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide. 固定词组： make a trip to 去旅行。 a 10. (2010 大纲卷 I) There was Uncle Chen, gentleman living near my house, who was a very famous writer. 表示 “一位” 绅士。 a 11. (2010 大纲卷 II) Last year, she decided to study abroad. In other words, we would be separated for long time. 表示分开很长“一段”时间。 a 12. (2009 大纲卷 II) Just before I turned corner of Park Street, I happened to see an accident. 特指 Park Street 的转角处。 the 13. (2007 大纲卷 I) “Because there are more the honors and joys in my life.” 表示“更多的荣誉”是 more honors ，中间不用 the 。 14. (2007 大纲卷 II) I meant to write long letter and tell you all the things… 因 letter 是单数可数名词，表示“一封”长信，要用不定冠词。 a THANK YOU!