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2020届二轮复习情态动词课件(24张)
2020 届二轮复习情态动词 熟读深思 Lucy is an outgoing lady. She can [ 1 ] play many kinds of musical instruments. Actually, she could [ 2 ] play the piano when she was 8 years old. Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day. She says that she has to [ 3 ] do some sports because she must [ 4 ] keep slim. “You shall [ 5 ] get fat soon if you don’t take exercise every day.” She usually says to her friends. As for her, an elegant lady should [ 6 ] try to keep fit. However, last week, she found that she might [ 7 ] put on weight and she was worried and decided to lose weight. And these days she is always thinking that she may [ 8 ] succeed soon if she tries all her best. However, she is always lack of time because she ought to [ 9 ] take care of her children. One night after supper, she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she was late. On her way, she thought that the dancing must have begun [ 10 ] , and the coach could have taught or shown [ 11 ] many new moves. She was afraid that her friends might have left [ 12 ] before she got there. She was regretful then. She should have had [ 13 ] supper earlier, or she could have taken a taxi [ 14 ] , and indeed she needn’t have taken [ 15 ] a bath in advance. When she reached the park finally, she found nobody was there. She remembered suddenly that it had been reported on the radio that there would be a heavy rain that night. 汉语译文: 露西是一个性格外向的女士。她能够演奏许多种乐器。事实上,在她 8 岁的时候,她就能弹奏钢琴了。露西每天都要坚持运动。她说她每天都必须做一些运动,因为她得保持苗条。她经常对她的朋友们说:“如果你不每天坚持运动的话,你一定很快就会变胖的。” 对于她来说,女士应该尽量保持健康苗条。然而,上星期她发现她可能又胖了 , 她很担忧,并且决定要减肥。这些天,她总是在想,如果她尽自己最大的努力(去减肥)的话,她也许很快就能成功的。不过,她总是缺少时间,因为她要好好照顾她的孩子们。 一天晚上,吃过晚饭后,她急匆匆地步行前往明天公园去跳舞。她迟到了。她一路上都在胡思乱想:跳舞一定已经开始了,教练可能已经教了或者是展示了许多新动作。在她到达之前,恐怕连她的朋友都已经离开了。她很懊悔,她本应该要早点吃晚饭的,或者她本来可以乘出租车去的,而且甚至她没有必要提前就洗澡的。当她最终到达公园的时候,她发现,那儿一个人也没有。她突然想起来,电台上已经预报过说那晚可能会有一场大雨。 1. can 在此表示能力。 2. could 在此表示能力,是 can 的一般过去时。 3. have to 表示“不得不”,强调客观需要。 4. must 表示“必须”,强调主观想法。 5. shall 表示说话者的意图、允诺、告诫、警告等,用于陈述句的第二、第三人称时。 6. should 表示劝告或建议,意为“应该”。 7. might 在此是 may 的过去式,表示“可能”。 8. may 表示“可能 ”。 熟读深思 9. ought to “ 应该”,表示义务或责任,比 should 语气重。 10. must have done 表示对过去已经发生的事进行推测,意为“想必已经做了某事”。 11. could have done 表示对过去情况的推测,意为“可能已经做了某事”。 12. might have done 表示“或许已经做了某事”。 13. should have done 表示“本应该做某事 ( 但没有做 )” ,有责备和懊悔之意。 14. could have done 意为“本来可以做某事 ( 但没有做 )”, 有懊悔之意。 15. needn’t have done 表示做了本来不必去做的事情,意为“本不必做某事 ( 但却做了 ) 。 情态动词与高考 语法填空的纯空格题中或给词填空的谓语动词都可能考情态动词。短文改错可能考查情态动词的三个特点以及误用。 熟练掌握情态动词的用法,对准确理解语法填空、完形填空、阅读理解、听力理解中含有情态动词的句子是很有益处的,在写作中也可能会用到情态动词,因此,我们应当学好情态动词。 除“知识网络”所含内容外,还须掌握以下内容: 1. 情态动词具有以下三个特点:⑴ 后面接动词原形。⑵ 没有人称和数的变化。⑶ 变为疑问句或否定句时不需要加助动词,而是将情态动词移至主语前变为疑问句;在情态动词后加 not ,构成否定句。 2. 表示能力, can 与 be able to 一般可互换,但 be able to 可用于将来时和完成时等更多时态;在表示过去具体某次能够成功做成某事时,只能用 was/were able to 。 3. 表示请求许可,可说 May/Might/Can/Could I… ?但表示给予许可时,不能用 might/could ,即不说 you might/could 。 4.must 强调主观认为“必须” 做某事,只有一般现在时态;而 have to 强调客观上要求“不得不” 做某事,有更多的时态变化; mustn’t“ 不准”,而 don’t have to =needn’t“ 不必”。 5. 表示“应该,应当”, should 和 ought to 可互换,只是 ought to 的语气稍重; should 强调主 观看法,而 ought to 强调客观要求。 6. 表示推测的情态动词,若按语气强弱排列,依次有 must , can , could , may , might 等。其中, could , might 不一定是 can , may 的过去式,只是语气分别比 can , may 更弱。使用时注意以下几点: ⑴ must 只用于肯定句,表示有把握的推测,可译作“一定会,准会”。 ⑵ can 一般不用于肯定句,可译作“可能”;但语气稍弱的 could 可用于肯定句; can 表示“有时也会” 时也可用于肯定句。 ⑶ may 不用于疑问句,表示没有把握的推测,常译作“或许,可能”。 ⑷ 用于否定句: can’t , couldn’t 不可能; may/might not 可能不。 灵活运用 1. I _______worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes. 意为“不必”。句意为:我不必担心我的周末 —— 我总是周末之前就把计划安排好了。 needn’t 2. Just be patient. You ______expect the world to change so soon. 表示能力, can’t 不能。 3. —May I take this book out of the reading room ? —No , you ________.You read it in here. 表示禁止,“一定不,不准许”。 can’t mustn’t 4. You _______park here! It’s an emergency exit. 由 It’s an emergency exit 可知 , “ 不准”在此停车。 5. I can’t leave. She told me that I ______ stay here until she comes back. 表示“必须”,句意为:我不能离开,她告诉我必须在这等到她回来。 mustn’t must 6. — I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him ? — Don’t worry. He ___________not come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. 在此表推测,意为“可能”,否定式 may/ might not 的意思是“可能不”。 may/might 7. It _____have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. 由 as he is the only one with a car 可知,“一定是” Tom 了。 8. The traffic is heavy this day; I ______ arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place ? 表“可能”“也许”。句意为:这天道路很堵,我可能会迟到一会儿,你能帮我留个座位吗? must might 9. It is usually warm in my hometown in March , but it _____be rather cold sometimes. 表示“有时会”。 10. She _____ have left school, for her bike is still here. 表示“不可能已经离开学校了”。 can can’t 二、单句改错 1. I used to living in Hunan but now I live in Guangzhou. living→ live 因为表示“过去做某事”的 used to 后要接动词原形。 2. She could sang very well when she was a girl. sang→ sing 在情态动词后要接动词原形。 3. You’d better to wear rubbers, for it’s raining outside. 去掉 to 由 had better do sth. ( 最好做某事 ) 可知。 4. I would rather to work than play. 去掉 to 因 would rather do sth. ( 宁愿做某事 ) 。 5. I asked him whether he needs go there. needs→ need 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 6. Something is wrong with my computer and it need repairing. need→ needs 因 need 作情态动词,仅用于疑问句、否定句或与 whether 连用,在肯定句中只能用作行为动词。本句是肯定句, need 是行为动词,主语是第三人称单数,一般现在时,要加 s ,故改为 needs 。 7. I can have lent you the money. Why didn’t you ask me? can→ could 由后句“你为什么不问我 ( 借 ) 呢?”可知前句意为“我本来可以借这笔钱给你的。”表示“本来可以做某事但事实上却没有做”用 could have done 。而 can have done 表示“可能已经做了某事”,这种情况也可以用 could have done 。 8. She should able to give us a good answer. 在 able 前加 be 情态动词 should 后要接动词原形 , 而 able 是形容词,因此要加 be ,构成 be able to 。 9. Judging from what you say, he ought succeed. 在 ought 后加 to 因为 ought to (=should 应该 ) 总是一起使用的,或者说 ought 后总是接 to do 的。 10. You mustn’t have told him the news; he knew it already. mustn’t→ needn’t 本句意为“你本来不必要告诉他这条消息的,因为他早就知道了。”表示“不必”用 needn’t ,而 mustn’t 意为“千万不,不允许”。查看更多