【英语】2018届二轮复习定语从句考点典题讲与练学案（7页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习定语从句考点典题讲与练学案（7页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习 定语从句考点典题讲与练 考点主要集中在以下几个方面：定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择；非限制性定语从句中as和which的选择；以抽象地点、抽象时间名词作先行词的定语从句中关系词的使用；定语从句和强调结构的综合考查。‎ 关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作什么成分是判断该用关系代词还是关系副词的依据。因此把先行词正确还原到定语从句中是做定语从句题很重要的一个技巧 注意：that和which的用法区别 ‎1． 只用which不用that的情况 ‎(1) 在非限制性定语从句中，which既可代表先行词又可代表前面的一整句话，译成“这一点，这一件事”。(2) 在介词后面。(3) 先行词是代词that或those时。‎ ‎2． 只用that不用which的情况 ‎(1) 当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, none等不定代词时，只用that。‎ ‎(2) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，只用that。‎ ‎(3) ‎ 如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时，关系代词用that。‎ ‎(4) 先行词被the only, the last, the way等修饰时用that。‎ ‎(5) 在疑问词who, which, what开头的特殊疑问句中，为了避免重复只用that。‎ 五、必须注意的几个问题 ‎1． 定语从句与状语从句、同位语从句及强调句的辨析 ‎2. “使用where而非真实‘地点’”型定语从句 ‎ 定语从句的先行词是situation, case, point, scene等名词而且从句缺少状语时，要使用where表示“一种特定的……情况”或“一个特定的……场合”。如：‎ ‎ I have come to the point where I can't stand him. 我已经到了无法容忍他的程度。‎ ‎ He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane. ‎ ‎ 他发现他到了有可能会失去控制飞机的地步。‎ ‎3． from where与from which混用 ‎ 【误】 They stood on the top of the building, from which they could see the whole city. ‎ ‎ 【正】 They stood on the top of the building, from where they could see the whole city. ‎ ‎ 【解析】 from where＝from the top of the building，from which＝from the building，显然前者比较合适。‎ ‎6． 忽视倒装结构 ‎ 【误】 The fisherman lives in an old house, in front of which a well lies. ‎ ‎ 【正】 The fisherman lives in an old house, in front of which lies a well. ‎ ‎ 【解析】 in front of…放在定语从句句首，且从句中含有动词lie, stand等，主语为名词，这时要采用倒装结构，把lie, stand等放在作主语的名词前。‎ ‎(4) 正如所通知的那样，我们下个月要举行期末考试。‎ ‎ 【误】 It has been announced，we shall have our final exams next month.‎ ‎ 【误】 Which has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. ‎ ‎ 【正】 It has been announced that we shall have our final exams next month. ‎ ‎ 【正】 As has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. ‎ ‎ 【解析】 as has been announced引导一个定语从句，放在句首，不能使用which；有时可与It is/has been… that…转换。‎ ‎(5) 我看过《金婚》这部电影，它的男主角是张国立。‎ ‎ 【误】 I have seen the film Golden Anniversary，its leading actor is Zhang Guoli. ‎ ‎ 【正】 I have seen the film Golden Anniversary，whose leading actor is Zhang Guoli. ‎ ‎ 【正】 I have seen the film Golden Anniversary, its leading actor Zhang Guoli. ‎ ‎ 【解析】 在定语从句中，whose既可指人，也可指物，往往放在从句中的某一名词前作定语；该句也可改为独立主格形式。‎ ‎8．定语从句的分隔 ‎ Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ________ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. ‎ ‎ A．where B．when C．who D．which ‎ 【误】 由于不能正确判断哪个是先行词而误选C。【正】 cases是先行词，正确答案是A。【解析】‎ ‎ cases在定语从句中作状语，构成in the cases，主句是cases will be introduced to readers，所以用where引导定语从句。在定语从句中有时会出现先行词与定语从句分隔的现象。要注意准确辨认。‎ ‎1． It is in this village，________Mary was born 35 years ago，________she will build her first school，________inspires everyone to help her. ‎ ‎ A．that; when; which B．where; that; which ‎ C．that; that; that D．where; when; that ‎2． The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister ________ she would stay for an hour. ‎ ‎ A．where B．who C．which D．what 　‎ ‎3． In China，the number of cities is increasing ________ development is recognized across the world. ‎ ‎ A．where B．Which C．whose D．that ‎4． The house I grew up________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. ‎ ‎ A．in it B．in C．in that D．in which 　‎ ‎5． TVTurnoff Week，________millions of people around the world ‎ participate every year, tries to encourage people to turn on life. ‎ ‎ A．in which B．on which C．which D．when ‎ 6． The newlybuilt cafe，the walls of ________ are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work. ‎ ‎ A．that B．it C．what D．which ‎7． Nowadays, when people talk about magicians, the first one ________comes into their mind is Liu Qian. ‎ ‎ A．where B．which C．that D．what ‎8． She'll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. ‎ ‎ A．that B．which C．where D．when　‎ ‎9． My friend showed me round the town，________was very kind of him. ‎ ‎ A．which B．that C．where D．it　‎ ‎10．________is known to us is that the old doctor, for________ life was hard in the past, still works very hard in his late life. ‎ ‎ A．As; whom B．What; whom ‎ C．It; whose D．As; whose ‎11．Sun Valley raised and processed about a million chickens, ________up to half went to McDonald's. ‎ ‎ A．in which B．for which C．with which D．of which ‎12．Take an active part in the activities you enjoy ________you can make many friends. ‎ ‎ A．where B．when C．that D．what ‎13．Children who are not active or________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. ‎ ‎ A．what B．whose C．which D．that　‎ ‎14.After graduating from college，I took some time off to go traveling，________ turned out to be a wise decision.‎ ‎ A．that B．which C．when D．Where ‎15．We recommend that our human beings treat the nature with the same care ________we give to our eyes. ‎ A．that B．which C．as D．what　‎ ‎16．The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city. ‎ ‎ A．whom B．which C．them D．those ‎17．The film started to get boring, at ________ point I left the cinema accompanied by my twin sister. ‎ A．this B．that C．the D．which ‎18．After graduation I'd like to find a job ________I can use what I have learnt at school. ‎ ‎ A．whose B．which C．where D．that ‎19．I admire my English teacher. I can remember very few occasions ________ she stopped working because of her illness. ‎ ‎ A．that B．when C．who D．which ‎20．Though it is 30 years ________ we last met, I still remember the scene ________ we got separated on a rainy day. ‎ ‎ A．before; where B．before; which C．since; when D．since; where ‎ 答案与解析 ‎1-5.BACDA6-10.DCCAB11-15.DABBC16-20.ADCBD