2018届二轮复习主谓一致（24张）

2018届二轮复习主谓一致（24张）

2018 届 二轮复习 　主谓一致 主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上与主语保持一致，一般遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、就近一致原则和意义一致原则。做题时还要注意时态及其他语法及词义的正确性。 (2014 · 新课标卷 Ⅰ ) It ________ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 解析： 根据 could ever 用一般过去时，由于主语是 It ，是单数，因此此处谓语用 was 。 was ① 分析句子成分，确定所填词在句中作谓语。 ② 确定句子的主语，根据单数主语用单数谓语，复数主语用复数谓语的原则解题。 1 ． (2015 · 新课标卷 Ⅰ 短文改错 ) Lots of studies has shown that global warming has become very serious. 答案与解析： 第一个 has → have 　 主语 lots of studies 为复数，故谓语用复数。 2 ． (2015 · 浙江卷短文改错 ) On the right side of the class were the road. 答案与解析： were → was 　倒装句中主语是 the road ，故谓语用单数。 3 ． (2014 · 辽宁卷短文改错 ) The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. 答案与解析： have → has 　主语 barking 为单数，故谓语用单数形式。 4 ． (2014 · 新课标卷 Ⅱ 短文改错 ) My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. 答案与解析： look → looks 　主语 school 为单数，故谓语用单数。 5 ． (2014 · 四川卷短文改错 ) I'm going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm go off. 答案与解析： go → goes 　 a fire alarm 为主语，故谓语用单数。 6 ． Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky. 答案与解析： was → were 　 the arrows 为复数主语，故谓语用复数。 7 ． You, dear diary, is my only souvenir from my past life and my only friend. 答案与解析： is → are 　主语是 you ，故谓语用 are 。 短文改错常出现谓语动词单复数的误判。做题时注意： ① 第三人称单数的代词作主语，谓语是否用单数形式。 ② 不定式短语、动名词或名词性从句作主语，谓语动词是否错用作复数形式。 微学堂　涨分数　 语法精讲　明重点难点　 1 ．不定式短语、动词－ ing 形式或名词性从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 2 ． “ 名词 / 代词＋ with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, but, except, including, in addition to, like, no less than, rather than ” 等引起的短语作主语时，谓语动词的数与前面的名词或代词的数保持一致。 3 ．当不定代词 one, no one, the other, another, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, nobody, anything, something, everything, nothing, each, either 以及被 each, every 修饰的名词作主语时，尽管有些表达复数意义，但是它们的谓语动词通常用单数形式。 4 ．当表示时间、距离、金额等度量的复数名词作主语，并把它看作一个整体时，谓语动词一般用单数。 5 ．由 or, either ...or ..., neither ...nor ..., not only ...but(also) 等连接的并列主语， 谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数形式上保持一致。 6 ． “ no /each/ every ＋单数名词＋ and ＋ no /each/ every ＋单数名词； many a ＋单数名词； more than one ＋单数名词 ” 等形式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 7 ． “ 几分之几 / 百分之几＋ of ＋名词 ” 结构作主语时，一般根据 of 后的名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。 8 ．由连词 and 连接的并列成分指的是同一概念、兼具身份或匹配出现 ( 不可分割的整体 ) 时，谓语动词用单数。 9 ．由 there, here 引起的主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 微考场　新演练　 好题巧练　拿高考满分　 Ⅰ . 单句训练 1 ． Mr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, ________(be) going to visit Beijing next year. 解析： 主语后跟有 together with 时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 2 ． I think Tom, rather than you, ________ (be) to blame for the accident. 解析： rather than 连接两个并列主语，谓语与最前面的主语一致。 3 ． Either you or one of your students ________ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 解析： 由 or, either ...or ..., neither ...nor ..., not only ...but also ... 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 is 　 is 　 is 　 4 ． How time flies! Three months _____________ (pass) since you left. 解析： 表示时间、金钱、距离等的词组作主语时，通常视其为整体，谓语动词用单数。 5 ． As is known to us all, nodding head ________ (mean) agreement in China. 解析： 动名词作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。 6 ． Neither I nor Amy ________ (be) to attend the business conference if we are busy. 解析： 句意：如果我和艾米都忙的话，就都不去参加商务会议了。 neither ... nor ... 连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词与最近的名词或代词保持一致。本题应与 Amy 一致，根据从句的时态可知应用一般现在时。故填 is 。 has passed 　 means 　 is 　 7 ． The Ne w York Times ________ (be) widely accepted in America. 解析： 考查主谓一致的用法。句意： 《 纽约时报 》 在美国被广泛接受。题干中的主语是一种杂志名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。 8 ． More than one doctor ________ (be) involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake. 解析： 句意：许多医生都加入到了震后的营救工作中。考查主谓一致。 “ more than one ＋可数名词单数 ” 作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。又根据上下文可知设空处用一般过去时，故答案为 was 。 was 　 is 　 Ⅱ . 语法填空 With the ______________ (develop)of science and technology, people have more spare time. But how do we spend the free time? I prefer to go outdoors ____ spend my free time in some different places with some different people. The first reason for outdoor activities ____ (be) that I have spent too much time indoors. Most of the time I sit in the classroom, __________ (listen) to the teachers and doingmy exercises. Many an indoor activity ____ (be) too limited. Fresh air, sunlight and enough ____________ (physics) exercise are needed for a healthy body. So when I am free, I will go out. I also want to have more experiences in my life. development and is 　 listening 　 is 　 physical 　 When you go out, ____________ (especial) far away from your daily life, you will meet a number of people who ________ (be) quite different from you. It will give you a lot of exciting experiences. However, outdoor activities will take a lot of money and energy. So if you have not prepared enough, having some indoor amusements is also ____ good choice, which may be much cheaper and easier to carry out. Reading some books and enjoying music ____ (be) also very good. are 　 especially 　 are 　 a 　 解析： 随着科学技术的发展，人们有了越来越多的空闲时间，那么我们怎样打发这些空闲时间呢？作者讲述了他是怎么做的。 1 ． with the development of“ 随着 …… 的发展”。 2 ．根据空格前后的内容可知，应填 and 连接两个并列谓语动词 go 和 spend 。故填 and 。 3 ．本句主语是 the first reason ，故谓语用单数形式。 4 ． listening 作动词 sit 的伴随状语。 5 ． many a 修饰名词，谓语用单数形式。 6 ．这里缺少定语修饰名词 exercise ，所以用形容词。 7 ．根据句意尤其是空后的“ far away from your daily life” 可知，此处应用 especial 的副词形式，表示“尤其”。 8 ．先行词为 a number of people ，故定语从句谓语用复数形式。 9 ．如果你没有充分的准备，那么进行一些室内娱乐活动也是一个好的选择。故用不定冠词 a 。 10 ．这里主语为 Reading some books 和 enjoying music ，且根据上下文的语境可知，应用一般现在时，因此动词用 are 。