【英语】2020届高考英语二轮专题复习冲刺学案（含练习）：阅读七选五第2讲

【英语】2020届高考英语二轮专题复习冲刺学案（含练习）：阅读七选五第2讲

第2讲　4种线索定答案 线索1　代词指代线索 典例片段1　(2019·河南名校模考，片段)语篇类型：议论文　主题语境：学校生活 If you were to drop in on any American high school these days, what would you see? Cell phones. Lots of them. __1__ And it's typical to see them tapping away or listening to music through their earphones.‎ Most schools allow students to have cell phones for safety ... ‎ ‎ ... ‎ However, none of these supposed advantages can overcome one very basic disadvantage ... ‎ So what's the solution? ... The effective teacher must connect with his or her students in order to hold their attention ... ‎ A．Everyone likes using phones.‎ B．Virtually all students have one.‎ C．The teacher's goal must be to attract their desire to learn.‎ D．Using phones to take notes in the classroom becomes popular.‎ E．They can serve as notepads or as an alarm for setting study reminders.‎ F．Eventually, the teacher warns them that their phones will be taken away.‎ G．Cell phones make students fail to focus on schoolwork and class activities.‎ 分析上文：“Cell phones. Lots of them.”有很多人带手机。‎ 下文提示：“see them tapping”中的代词them指代复数名词。‎ 分析语境：说明此处应该提到them所代替的词。‎ 对比选项：B项“Virtually all students have one.”中one指代上文提到的Cell phones。其中的students是下文them指代的内容，故选B。‎ 线索2　词汇复现线索 ‎ 典例片段2　(2018·全国卷Ⅰ，片段)语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：日常生活 ‎ ... ‎ Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. __1__， they can get a little complex. But good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.‎ A．While all of them are useful ‎ B．Whatever you're looking for ‎ C．If you're experimenting with a color ‎ D．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with ‎ E．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces ‎ F．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time ‎ G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 上文词汇：上文提到“Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. (多年来，有许多不同的技术来帮助设计师处理这一重要问题。)”由“important point”可知，这些技巧应该是“有用的(be useful)”。‎ 下文词汇：下文“a little complex”与“are useful”是对比转折关系。‎ 代词替代：all of them指代上文提到的“a number of different techniques”。‎ 锁定答案：A项“尽管这些技巧都很有用”，与下文“they can get a little complex”呼应，故选A。‎ 线索3　逻辑关系线索 典例片段3　(2018·全国卷Ⅰ，片段)语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：日常生活 ‎ ... ‎ The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. __1__.‎ A．While all of them are useful ‎ B．Whatever you're looking for ‎ C．If you're experimenting with a color ‎ D．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with ‎ E．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces ‎ F.So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time ‎ G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 上文内容：上文提到“Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. (无论你是在看墙纸还是油漆，投入的时间、精力和相关花费都是很重要的。)”‎ 关系确定：此处是因果关系。选项中关键词“so” “because”使上下文顺畅连接。‎ 对比分析：“付出肯定是值得的，因为你想在第一次就把事情做好。”故选F。‎ 线索4　平行结构线索 典例片段4　(2019·北京海淀模考，片段)语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：学校生活 ‎ ... ‎ So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test? __1__ Yes, this seems obvious, but it's worth repeating. If you feel confident that you've prepared thoroughly, you'll feel more confident walking into the ‎ test. The second tip is simple: just start. The blank page can maximize your anxiety.‎ ‎ ... ‎ Besides, allocating (分配) your time is equally important. Look through the whole test before getting started. Mentally allocate how much time you'll spend on each section. If there's time to recheck, even better. ‎ A．The first thing you should do is to be prepared.‎ B．People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways.‎ C．If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, you're not alone!‎ D．Therefore, people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with exams.‎ E．Realizing time is almost up and that there's still a lot of blank space will make you desperate.‎ F．However, if you are overly anxious about the result, you may be unable to focus on your work.‎ G．After you get the paper, dive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confidence.‎ 锁定主旨：以问题形式引入，如何与考试时的负面情绪抗争？‎ 正确分析：下文应该是对该问题的回答。‎ 相似句型：下文提到“The second tip is ...”以及“Besides, ...”。‎ 确定答案：此处应该与“The second tip is ...”是平行结构，属于第一条建议。A项“The first thing you should do is to be prepared.”符合语境，故选A。‎ ‎(2019·安徽江南十校二模)语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：资源保护 ‎ Conservation requires the reasonable use of all Earth's natural resources. People who are concerned about conservation try their best to protect natural resources.‎ Some resources are renewable. __1__ But renewable resources can still be damaged or destroyed. For example, people may catch too many of one type of fish. If not enough fish are left, that type of fish might die out. Conservation helps people keep renewable resources in good supply.‎ Some resources are nonrenewable, which means they cannot be replaced. Fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, are examples of nonrenewable resources. People can conserve nonrenewable resources by using them carefully. __2__‎ ‎__3__ For example, cars make travel easy, but they also produce a lot of air pollution. To have clean air, people can choose to drive less and walk more. Such changes can be tough when people have gotten used to a certain life－style.‎ Money is another reason why conservation can be a challenge. For example, a timber (木材) company might be able to protect forest animals by limiting the number of trees it cuts. __4__‎ Everyone can contribute to conservation in one way or another. People can recycle paper, glass, and other materials. __5__ Governments can make laws that help to keep the air and water clean.‎ A．Industries can limit the amount of pollution they create.‎ B．They also try to keep the environment clean and healthy.‎ C．But it might not be willing to do so because it will make less profit.‎ D．Recycling saves resources by reusing materials that would be thrown away.‎ E．They can also look for other alternative resources that serve the same purpose. ‎ F．Conservation can be hard because it can require people to give up some conveniences.‎ G．Living things, such as plants and animals are such examples because they can ‎ reproduce themselves.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们保护自然资源的原因、困难及解决办法。‎ ‎1．G　该空是段中过渡句，采用例证法(关键词是“such examples”)对上文提到的关键词“renewable”作进一步解释。根据复现信息“reproduce themselves”可以判断出正确答案。‎ ‎2．E　上文提到“people”，如果再次提到，可以用they来代替。上文使用“People can conserve nonrenewable resources”结构，下文采用“People can also ...”结构说明节约不可再生资源的另一种方法。‎ ‎3．F　下一段提到“Money is another reason”，说明空格处是其中一个使保护自然资源面临困难的原因。再由下文“For example”可知，空格所表达的内容与此处例子相关。再由复现信息“Such changes can be tough”可推知正确选项。‎ ‎4．C　上文提到“limiting the number of trees it cuts”，靠木材生存的厂家要减少砍伐树木的数量，势必造成利润减少，所以下文应该是转折句。‎ ‎5．A　上文提到保护自然资源遇到的问题，举例时提到私家车(cars)和木材公司(timber company)。空格所在段落是解决的办法，空格前提到个人(people)该怎么做，后面提到政府(government)该采取的措施，那么可以推断，此处应该是像木材公司这样的行业(industries)该怎么去做。‎ 专题强化训练(一)‎ ‎ (1)‎ ‎(2019·湖北七市联考)There was a survey of the people who were born from 1980 to 2000, asking them what their most important life goals were. Over 80 percent said it was to get rich. __1__ We're constantly told to devote more to our work, to push harder and to achieve more. We're given the impression that these are the things that we need to go after to have a good life. But is that the truth? __2__‎ But what if we could study people from the time when they were teenagers all the way into old age to see what really keeps people happy and healthy? The Harvard Study of Adult Development did it. For 75 years, they've tracked the lives of 724 men. Studies like this are extremely rare. Almost all projects of this kind fall apart within a decade because too many people drop out of the study. __3__ Or the researchers can't get together. But through a combination of luck and the persistence of several generations of researchers, this study has survived.‎ So what have they learned? The conclusion is that it's not wealth or fame that counts. __4__ They've learned three big lessons about relationships. Firstly, people who ‎ are more socially connected to family, to friends and to community are happier and physically healthier. The second is that it's not just the number of friends you have but the quality of your close relationships that matters. And the third is that good relationships don't just protect our bodies. __5__‎ A．They can even protect our brains.‎ B．To become famous came second.‎ C．Or funding for the research dries up.‎ D．The good life is built with relationships.‎ E．It turns out that being in conflict is bad for our health.‎ F．It is good relationships that keep us happier and healthier.‎ G．To be frank, sometimes wealth and fame can make people happy.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于什么能真正让人们快乐和健康的研究。结果发现，让我们更快乐、更健康的不是财富和名望，而是良好的人际关系。‎ ‎1．B　根据设空处前两句可知有一项对1980年到2000年出生的人的调查，询问他们最重要的生活目标是什么，超过80%的人说最重要的生活目标是变富有。B项“目标为想要出名次之”，符合语境，故选B。‎ ‎2．G　根据设空处前两句“We're given the impression that these are the things that we need to go after to have a good life. But is that the truth？”可知，我们得到的印象是，为了过上美好的生活，我们需要追求这些东西。但事实果真如此吗？G项“坦率地说，有时财富和名望能使人快乐”，符合语境，故选G。‎ ‎3．C　设空处上一句“Almost all projects of this kind fall apart within a decade because too many people drop out of the study.”(几乎所有这类项目在十年内都会分崩离析，因为有太多人退出了这项研究)及设空处下一句“Or the researchers can't get together.”都在解释这类研究稀少的原因。C项“或是研究经费枯竭”也是原因之一，符合语境，故选C。‎ ‎4．F　本段主要叙述良好的人际关系令我们更快乐，身体更健康，F项“良好的人际关系让我们更快乐、更健康”，符合语境，故选F。‎ ‎5．A　根据设空处上一句“And the third is that good relationships don't just protect our bodies.”可知良好的人际关系不仅仅是保护我们的身体。A项“它们甚至可以保护我们的大脑”，符合语境，故选A。‎ ‎　‎ track vt. 追踪　combination n. 合并　persistence n. 毅力　count v ‎. 计算；视为；依赖；重要，有价值 ‎　‎ 第三段第二句：The conclusion is that it's not wealth or fame that counts.‎ 译文：结论是财富和名声都不重要。‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句。第一个that引导表语从句。在表语从句中有一个强调句型“it's ... that ...”。count是动词，意为“重要，有意义”。‎ ‎(2)‎ ‎(2019·北京海淀模考)‎ Benefits of Sports Doing sports is a physical, mental and social adventure. It's a great way for children to take a break from academics and release extra energy. It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven to improve overall wellbeing.‎ The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious. Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you'll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you're involved. __1__ Basketball players focus on strength training; football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs. The training process helps promote physical fitness and performances in competitions. ‎ ‎__2__ Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and selfworth. A pat on the back, highfive from a teammate, or handshake after a match really boosts a child's confidence. Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and other players raise the selfworth. __3__ So after a game, it's a better idea to ask “Did you enjoy the game？” rather than “Did you win？”‎ Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part of a group, building up accountability and leadership. __4__ Teamwork involves both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome. Teamwork breeds accountability and challenges you to be responsible for your actions. Being part of a team gives you an opportunity to be a leader.‎ Discipline is another social advantage. Most organized sports require a strict training and practice schedule. As a studentathlete, you need to balance academics and athletics. __5__‎ There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to get involved in. Are you ready to go? Pick one and get moving!‎ A．It's not just your body that benefits from sports.‎ B．Therefore, playing sports is going to make you more fit.‎ C．But remember, a child's selfworth should not be distinguished by victory or loss.‎ D．If you play group sports, you'll be part of a team that takes direction from a coach.‎ E．Nearly every sport requires physical activity and the skills needed to be competitive.‎ F．Among these, learning how to function as part of a team is the most important advantage.‎ G．Only with strict discipline can you be successful both in the classroom and in the sports field.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了体育运动的益处。‎ ‎1．E　主题句是“运动对身体的好处”。根据设空处后一句可知，篮球运动员注重力量训练，足球运动员侧重速度，而田径运动员通过长跑训练。由此推知，几乎每一项运动都需要体力活动和具有竞争力的技能。故选E项。‎ ‎2．A　下句提到“Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and selfworth.(运动有助于心理健康，有助于增强自信和自我价值)”说明此处应该是运动不仅仅对身体有好处。故选A。‎ ‎3．C　下句提到应该问“你喜欢这场比赛吗？”而不是“你赢了吗？”，C项关键词“should not be distinguished by victory or loss”与此呼应。‎ ‎4．F　下句关键词是“Teamwork”，与选项F中“function as part of a team”呼应。‎ ‎5．G　本段讲的是运动带来的纪律方面的好处，只有G项“只有严格遵守纪律，你才能在课堂上和运动场上都取得成功。”与此呼应，而且与上句紧密相连。‎ ‎　‎ wellbeing n. 健康；幸福　accountability n．责任　get involved in 参与 ‎　‎ 第二段第二句：Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you'll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you're involved.‎ 译文：当你开始运动的时候，无论你的健康水平如何，一旦你参加了运动，你会发现你的整体健康水平有了提高。‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句。regardless of引导让步状语从句，“不管……，不顾……”。when引导时间状语从句。once引导时间状语从句，“一旦……”。‎ ‎(3)‎ ‎(原创题)‎ How to Write a Play A stage play involves drama and action as its most pure actions. __1__ If you want to join the ranks of Shakespeare, Ibsen, and Arthur Miller, you need to develop a bold, characterdriven story meant to be performed in a theatre. ‎ Start with characters. Plays are characterdriven pieces of writing. Since it's basically going to be a lot of talking between people, your characters need to be as believable as possible. In great plays, the inner tensions between characters enact themselves in external ways. __2__‎ ‎__3__ The setting of the play is where and when the story takes place. Placing your character in a tense situation or location is an important way to create drama. Combining character and setting can also be a good way of developing your character, and figuring out what kind of story might result from their placement in that setting. ‎ Understand the limitations of the stage. __4__ A play is basically an ongoing series of conversations between people. The focus needs to be on the tension between the characters, the language, and on developing your characters into believable people. It isn't a great medium for gun fights and car chases.‎ Always be moving forward. In the early drafts, you'll probably write a lot of scenes that wander without really going anywhere. That's OK. Sometimes you need to have the character spend a long awkward dinner conversation with their brotherinlaw to find out something that gives you a whole new perspective on the drama. Great！__5__ But it doesn't necessarily mean the whole dinner date is important to the play.‎ A．Consider the setting.‎ B．Be sure to include why the setting is how it is.‎ C．Remember: you're not writing a movie.‎ D．All you've got to work with is characters and language.‎ E．That means you're writing successfully.‎ F．It's important to see new plays if you're going to write new plays.‎ G．They need to have problems that show up in their behavior.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。想写出优秀的舞台剧本吗？读完本篇文章，会让你受益良多。‎ ‎1．D　选项D与设空处前面的“drama and action as its most pure actions”呼应，也与后面的“characterdriven”呼应，因此选D。‎ ‎2．G　根据设空处前面的“the inner tensions between characters enact themselves in external ways”以外部的方式表演出这些人物性格的内在紧张性，可知他们需要通过行为来表达内心问题，故选G。‎ ‎3．A　选项A与设空处后面的“The setting of the play”中的setting呼应，故选A。‎ ‎4．C　选项C与标题“Understand the limitations of the stage.(理解舞台的局限性)”有关，根据本段最后一句话也可知，舞台剧不能呈现枪战和飞车追逐，因此选C“记住：你不是在写电影剧本”。‎ ‎5．E　根据设空处前面的“Great”可知，在写作方面有了很大的成功。‎ ‎　‎ characterdriven adj. 角色驱动的　ongoing adj. 继续进行的，不断发展的　medium n. 媒介，手段，方法　awkward adj. 令人尴尬的；使人难堪的 ‎　‎ 第三段最后一句：Combining character and setting can also be a good way of developing your character, and figuring out what kind of story might result from their placement in that setting.‎ 译文：将角色和背景结合起来也是一个好方法，它可以发展你的角色，以及弄清楚他们在那个背景中可能会发展出什么样的故事。‎ 分析：这是一个简单句。句中现在分词短语Combining character and setting作主语，a good way为表语。介词短语of developing your character, and figuring out ... 作后置定语修饰way; figuring out后是what引导的宾语从句。‎ ‎(4)‎ ‎(2019·湖南长沙模考)It is not as simple as opening the door and hitting the track in winter. There are a few things you can do to ensure you are getting the most out of your run, and, importantly, not doing more harm than good.‎ Warm up, cool down ‎__1__ Your muscles need some time to warm up when it's cold, so take it easy when you set off and do a few stretches (伸展) once you're finished.‎ Drink water You might not feel hot, but that's because sweat evaporates (蒸发) more quickly into the chilly, dry air. So be sure to drink water before, during and after coldweather workouts. __2__ A belt bottle conveniently attaches to your waist so you don't have to carry it and can have a drink whenever you feel like it.‎ ‎__3__‎ Running in cotton is a bad idea. Wear thin, breathable layers of synthetic (合成的) clothing that help protect you from the wind and snow, but still let out heat and moisture (水分). Thirty percent of your body heat escapes through your hands and forty percent through your head. Wear a hat, or beanie (无边小便帽), and gloves so your circulatory system can distribute warm blood to the rest of your body. __4__‎ Run into the wind ‎__5__ Obviously, it will be an easier passage home with some extra help from Mother Nature. But, more importantly, you won't have the wind in your face for the second half of your run, when you are more likely to be sweating and catch a chill.‎ A．Dress right.‎ B．Keep warm.‎ C．Don't go too fast, too soon.‎ D．Start and finish in the same way.‎ E．Don't wait to drink water until you feel thirsty.‎ F．Head out into the wind and come home with it at your back.‎ G．On really cold days, wear a mask or scarf over your mouth to protect your face.‎ ‎1．C　由设空后的“Your muscles need some time to warm up”(你的肌肉需要一些时间来热身)和“take it easy”可知，不要急于跑得过快。‎ ‎2．E　本段主题是“喝水”。由设空前的“确保之前喝水”可知，此处应该是“不要等到渴了再喝水”。‎ ‎3．A　本段讲的是跑步时穿戴方面的一些注意事项。故A项符合语境。‎ ‎4．G　上文提到跑步时穿的衣服、戴的帽子和手套等，此处应该是戴上口罩或围巾保护面部。‎ ‎5．F　由该段最后一句可知，在跑步的后半段，当你更有可能出汗和受凉的时候，你不要迎着风，因此这是介绍逆风运动、顺风回家的必要性。F项符合题意。‎ ‎　‎ ensure vt. 确保　attach to 附着于…… 　distribute vt. 分配；散布 ‎　‎ 第二段第二句：Your muscles need some time to warm up when it's cold, so take it easy when you set off and do a few stretches (伸展) once you're finished.‎ 译文：当天气冷的时候，你的肌肉需要一些时间来热身，所以当你出发的时候要放松，当你完成的时候做一些伸展运动。‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句。两个when都引导时间状语从句。once也引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦”。‎ 专题强化训练(二)‎ ‎(1)‎ ‎(2019·安徽押题卷)Bloating (胀气) is often caused by eating certain foods, in particular, those high in fibre. But fibre shouldn't be the enemy when it comes to bloating, according to nutritionist Cassandra Barns. __1__‎ Don't cut out fibre Fibre plays an important role in one's health, and the shortage of it will lead to healthy problems. __2__ Cassandra explained: “A lack of fibre can contribute to constipation (便秘)．”‎ ‎__3__‎ While eating as much fibre as possible may seem a healthy option, eating too much can also play havoc (灾害) with your digestive system.‎ Cassandra said: “Too much fibre may not be helpful for those with bloating, flatulence or abdominal pain, especially insoluble fibre such as that found in wheat bran, seeds and nuts and there tough parts of vegetables and fruits such as their skins.”‎ Which grains to choose If you're partial to eating grains as your source of fibre, there are certain ones considered better than others at reducing bloating. Cassandra said: “If you eat grains, choose the ‘gentler’ ones such as brown rice and oats.”‎ How to prepare vegetables and fruits When it comes to fruits and vegetables, Cassandra advises putting in a bit of time to prepare them. She said: “__4__”‎ Nuts and seeds ‎__5__ Cassandra explained: “Soaking nuts and seeds in water for 8 to 12 hours can help them to be more easily digested.” One nut in particular could be causing your bloating as well as stomach cramps.‎ A．Avoid fibre overload B．Before eating nuts and seeds there's a simple step you should take.‎ C．Keep off the vegetables and fruits.‎ D．Here are some advice to remember when it comes to fibre and beating the bloat ‎ from her.‎ E．For example, a lack of fibre in a person's diet can lead to bowel movement problems.‎ F．You should leave them alone some days, so they can digest quickly.‎ G．Peel or gently cook vegetables and fruits rather than eating them raw.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们对高纤维导致胀气的误解，并辩证地看待纤维在健康中所扮演的角色。‎ ‎1．D　空格前提到Cassandra Barns及下文提到五点具体建议，D项承上启下，其中的her指代Cassandra Barns。‎ ‎2．E　上文提到纤维在人类的健康中起着重要的作用，缺少它会导致健康问题，E项是对导致的健康问题的举例说明。‎ ‎3．A　以下两段是对不要过量食用纤维的解释说明，选项A概括此部分内容。‎ ‎4．G　上文提到水果与蔬菜需要时间去准备，G项是怎样准备水果和蔬菜，符合题意。‎ ‎5．B　由B项中的关键词“nuts and seeds”与下文内容相符。‎ ‎　‎ fibre n. 纤维　nutritionist n. 营养学家　digest vt. 消化 ‎　‎ 第三段：While eating as much fibre as possible may seem a healthy option, eating too much can also play havoc (灾害) with your digestive system.‎ 译文：虽然尽可能多地吃纤维似乎是一个健康的选择，但吃得太多也会破坏你的消化系统。‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句，while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。‎ ‎(2)‎ ‎(2019·重庆名校模考)‎ Ready to take a gap year?‎ A “Gap Year” is a period of time when a student takes a break before going to university. It is often spent travelling or working. __1__‎ Gap years are popular with European and Australian students, but remain less popular in America. However, in recent years, more and more American students are preparing for college by taking a gap year. The advantages of taking a gap year are as follows：‎ ‎__2__‎ Although you don't have to go abroad to experience gap years, most gap year students catch the chance to travel abroad. You are able to work out who you are and what you are for. The experiences of different cultures offer you interesting lessons. You can learn more about the world and get to know yourself better.‎ Face challenges and have fun A gap year is not only a time to take a vacation, but also a time to face challenges. Gap year students usually work, volunteer or take service projects. You have to learn how to get along in the real world. This process isn't always easy, but it is an important part of growing up. __3__‎ Save money and improve your college admission chances There's a common thought that gap years are only for rich students, but it's not true. Actually, taking a gap year can save your money. Gap year students often take a parttime job. Besides, at the end of a gap year, students are much more likely to know what to study in college. __4__‎ ‎__5__ Both of them are excellent and have high grades. However, one student has much practical experience or has volunteered in his vacation. Who do you think the admission officer will choose?‎ A．Learn about the world and yourself ‎ B．Only in this way can you enjoy life and have fun. ‎ C．Check out your gap year choices before making the right decision.‎ D．It can give young people useful learning experiences and new skills. ‎ E．Imagine an admission officer trying to admit only one between two students. ‎ F．More students than ever before are taking a gap year before going to university.‎ G．Clear learning goals can keep the students working hard instead of wasting time and money playing.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“间隔年”的好处。‎ ‎1．D　上文提到间隔年是什么，此处应该是间隔年的好处：它可以给年轻人提供有用的学习经历和新技能。‎ ‎2．A　由本段内容尤其是最后一句可知，你可以更多地了解这个世界，更好地了解自己。A项与此相符。‎ ‎3．B　此处是总结句，由本段标题“Face challenges and have fun”可知，选B。‎ ‎4．G　由设空前的“students are much more likely to know what to study in college”可知，此处应该是明确的学习目标会让学生努力学习。‎ ‎5．E　下文的“Both of them”与E项中的“only one between two students”相呼应。‎ ‎　‎ as follows 如下　process n. 过程；工序　admission n. 录取 ‎　‎ 第三段第二句：You are able to work out who you are and what you are for.‎ 译文：你可以清楚地了解自己，以及自己的人生目标。‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句。who和what均引导宾语从句，作动词work out的宾语。‎ ‎(3)‎ To cut greenhouse gas emissions, we need to increase cyclist numbers and that means getting more women on their bikes.‎ Transportation accounts for up to onethird of greenhouse gas emissions from the world's biggest cities. And traffic is the largest source of air pollution. To create healthy and liveable cities, we need to increase the number of cyclists on our streets. __1__ In San Francisco, only 29% of cyclists are women. In Barcelona, there are three male cyclists for every female cyclist. In London, 37% of cyclists are female.‎ ‎__2__‎ Surveys show that potential cyclists of women are stopped by similar concerns, including aggressive and speeding drivers, the threat posed by large vehicles such as lorries and buses, and bike theft. __3__ So providing secure cycle roads and parking may encourage those who do not yet ride.‎ Also, people do what they think to be possible. Research in San Francisco found that women, especially women of colour, felt that “people like me” do not cycle. Similarly, 49% of people in London say they do not feel cycling is for “people like them”. __4__ These events can be possible for women to try cycling in a relaxed environment. They can help make cycling more accessible, along with approaches such as femaleled training classes.‎ Here is the truth. __5__ It can also help handle climate change and make our cities a better place to live.‎ A．Women enjoy practising cycling.‎ B．What kind of survey is available?‎ C．It means getting more women on their bikes.‎ D．So what can cities do to get more women cycling?‎ E．A few simple changes can help benefit public health.‎ F．However, women regard safe cycle roads and parking as more urgent.‎ G．So we should hold events to let more people feel that cycling is for everyone.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲的是为了环保，如何让更多的女士骑车出行。‎ ‎1．C　由上一句可知，为了创建健康、宜居的城市，需要提高街上骑车的人的数量。此处做出了进一步的解释，并引出主题，C项符合语境。‎ ‎2．D　下文提到女士骑车出行的两大问题：行路安全和停车保障。此处应该提出问题：如何让更多的女士骑车出行呢？‎ ‎3．F　由下一句可知，此处应该是女士骑车出行所担心的问题。‎ ‎4．G　与下文提到“These events”相对应，说明我们需要做些事情让人们改变观念，认为这样是可行的。‎ ‎5．E　由下一句可知，人们出行方式的改变能为气候变化做点贡献，使城市更宜居住，空格处也是说这一改变的好处。‎ ‎　‎ account for (数量、比例上)占　aggressive adj. 侵略的；富于攻击性的；好斗的　pose v. 造成，引起，产生 accessible adj. 易得到的；易使用的 ‎　‎ 第四段第一句：Surveys show that potential cyclists of women are stopped by similar concerns, including aggressive and speeding drivers, the threat posed by large vehicles such as lorries and buses, and bike theft.‎ 译文：调查显示，类似的担忧阻碍了潜在的骑自行车出行的女士，其中包括具有侵略性的和超速的司机、卡车和公共汽车等大型车辆构成的威胁以及自行车盗窃等。‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句。that引导宾语从句，作动词show的宾语。‎ ‎(4)‎ ‎(2019·安徽合肥模考)Are you having difficulty centering on your studies? Well, don't worry. Here are some easy things you can do to center on study.‎ Have everything you need to study. __1__ Even if you're not sure if you'll need them, they should be in your study area. In this way, you won't have to get up, interrupting yourself from studying.‎ Write down your study goals. For just today, what do you want to get finished? It's ‎ your goal, and it'll give you something to work toward during your study time. __2__ For example, if you have to read 100 pages this week, break it down to 20 passages a day.‎ Spare some time to think about other things. __3__ At this time, keep a pen and paper beside you and write down everything that comes to your mind when you're studying. Then do or think about those things once you're having a stop.‎ Make studying more active. Reading can get boring, especially when it's in a topic you don't enjoy. So, how can you make your studying easier? __4__ Or look away from the page and summarize out loud what you read.‎ Listen to your body. The fact is that we all have highenergy time of the day. When are yours? If possible, study during your highenergy time. __5__ For some people, this will be early in the morning. For others, they feel good at night.‎ Whichever is yours, listen to your body and study during that time.‎ A．You'll be able to center better.‎ B．Well, ask yourself questions as you read.‎ C．Make sure your cell phone is turned off.‎ D．However, make sure your goals can be achieved.‎ E．Make a study plan based on your learning style.‎ F．Pencils, pens, and books should be within your reach.‎ G．Sometimes the real world keeps getting into our minds, good or bad.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了集中注意力学习的方法。‎ ‎1．F　本段主题句是“准备好你学习需要的东西”。后面一句提到“即使你不确定你是否需要它们，它们也应该在你的学习区。”F项“铅笔、钢笔和书应该在附近”符合语境。‎ ‎2．D　由下文 “例如，如果你本周要阅读100页，那么就把它分成每天20页。”可知，此处应该是“确保你的目标能够实现”。‎ ‎3．G　根据主题句“花点时间想想别的事”和下文建议“当你停下来的时候，你可以做或想这些事情。”可知G项“有时现实世界的事情持续涌入你的脑海，不管好的还是坏的”符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎4．B　此处是对问题“你怎样才能让学习更容易呢？”的回答，B项“当你阅读的时候，问你自己一些问题。”是对该问题的答案。‎ ‎5．A　上文提到“你什么时候精力最充沛？”此处表示，在你精力最充沛的时候学习，你就能更好地集中精神了。故选A。‎ ‎　‎ center on 集中在……　interrupt v. 中断；打断　break down 分解 ‎　‎ 第二段第三句：Even if you're not sure if you'll need them, they should be in your study area.‎ 译文：即使你不确定你是否需要它们，它们也应该在你的学习区。‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句，even if引导让步状语从句。从句中if又引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。‎