高考英语GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina课时作业

高考英语GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina课时作业

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China 一、单元跟踪过关 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Children should be educated to know that it is of great importance(important) to keep the balance of nature. 2．It is often said(say) that human beings are naturally equipped to speak. 3．Most of the people present at the meeting think poorly of the proposal, which they think will contribute(contribution) to the worsening of the environment. 4．Even so, computers have changed the way that/in_which we work and pay. 5．He had to obey the order that he (should)finish(finish) the secret task ahead of time. 6．I'd like to know the reason why he was so late. 7．The two nations have been at war with each other for 5 years. 8．I don't want to bring up the topic, but why on earth did you get home that late last night? 9．—Have their living conditions improved after all these years? —No, no better(good) than before, I'm afraid. 10．You may borrow the book，on condition that you do not lend it to anyone else. Ⅱ.单句改错 1．We'd like to know the reason that she didn't accept the job. that 改为 why 2．The Nobel Prize is awarded to those make great contributions in many fields every year. those 后面加 who 3．The school shop, where customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays. where 改为 whose 4．I still remember the autumn that I went to Beijing for the first time. that 改为 when 5．Most important, you must work hard to catch up. important 改为 importantly 6．On conclusion, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today. On 改为 In 7．They need a leader they can believe. believe 后面加 in 8．Did you notice the house, in front of that stood a lot of police? that 改为 which 9．This is the hero of who we are proud. who 改为 whom 10．She divides her time equal between her work and her children. equal 改为 equally Ⅲ.翻译或完成句子 1．我不能胜任这个岗位。(be equal to) I'm_not_equal_to_the_position. 2．他发现屋子里的东西井然有序。(in order) He_found_everything_in_the_house_in_good_order. 3．中国人民为世界和平做出了巨大贡献。(make a contribution to) 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 The_Chinese_people_have_made_a_great_contribution_to_the_world_peace. 4．尽管她是在城市出生和长大的，但她更喜欢农村的生活。 Though born and brought_up in the city, she prefers life in the country. 5．刘翔是一位能让中国为之自豪的人。 Liu_Xiang_is_a_man_whom_China_can_be_proud_of. 二、高考模拟写作 (2017·山东模拟)假定你是李华，寒假前你从海外网站 Amazon. cn 订购了英文原版小 说 Life of Pi，货到后你打开包装发现有问题。请用英文给店主 Alice 女士写封电子邮件， 要点如下： 1．问题：有缺页，封面有污渍； 2．要求：调换新书，尽快发货； 3．邮寄地址：因学校放假，新地址为清江市东风街 186 号；电话 18867626868。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Alice， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 答案： 范文赏读 Dear_Alice,_ I was very glad to receive my favorite novel Life of Pi.However, when I opened the package, I was sorry to find something wrong with it.Firstly, some pages are missing.In addition, there are some dirty spots on the cover, which looks ugly. I would like you to exchange a new one for me.Now that the winter holiday is around the corner, I would appreciate it if you could post the new book as soon as possible according to the new address: No.186 Dongfeng Street, Qingjiang City.I can be reached by 18867626868. I'm looking forward to your early reply. Yours,_ Li_Hua 大题巧练 17 Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China [授课提示：对应学生用书第 313 页] 一、阅读理解 A (2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(监 控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people's emails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories. “The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media，” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don't care 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 how you're feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.” Researchers analyzing word－of－mouth communication—e－mails, Web posts and reviews, face－to－face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的), but that didn't necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousand of articles on The New York Times' website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e－mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non－science articles. He found that science amazed Times' readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others. Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.” 语篇解读 本文讲述了科学家对大众传媒的新发现：好消息比坏消息传得更快、更远， 越积极乐观的信息越容易被大众分享。 1．What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to? A．News reports. B．Research papers. C．Private e－mails. D．Daily conversations. 答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第一段的内容尤其是“Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers”可知，新闻报道惯常报道 坏消息来吸引人们的眼球。 2．What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer? A．They're socially inactive. B．They're good at telling stories. C．They're inconsiderate of others. D．They're careful with their words. 答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据第二段可知，大众传媒想要吸引你的眼球而不关 心你的内心感受，但是当你和朋友分享故事时，你对他们的反应要关心得多，你不希望他们 把你看作 Debbie Downer。由此可以推断，Debbie Downer 和大众传媒是一样的，不会去关 心他人的感受，故选 C 项，inconsiderate 意为“不为别人着想的，不考虑他人的”。 3．Which tended to be the most emailed according to Dr. Berger's research? A．Sports news. B．Science articles. C．Personal accounts. D．Financial reviews. 答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than nonscience articles”可知，选 B 项。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide. B．Online News Attracts More People. C．Reading Habits Change with the Times. D．Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks. 答案与解析：D 考查标题判断。本文第一段的最后一句概括了文章的主要内容：通过 追踪人们的电子邮件和网上的帖子，科学家已经发现好消息要比坏消息传得更快更远。下文 是对这一发现的具体介绍，故选 D 项。 B (2017·山西联考)The moment a college student arrives on campus, he or she is_bombarded_with credit card offers. Advertisements for student credit cards are 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 everywhere: in bags at the bookstore, in the campus newspaper, in your regular mailbox, in the residence halls. With so many college students graduating with large amounts of credit card debt( figures vary, but most are at least in the thousands), learning how to manage a student credit card can be an important lesson for any student. While using a card wisely can be an important part of building credit and making it through a difficult time, knowing how to use a card wisely can be the hard part. Stick to the following rules when, and if, you need to use a credit card： •You can repay the charges within the card's next billing cycle. •You must meet your basic needs, like food, clothing and shelter, but set rules and be aware that you will need to repay those charges at the end of the month. •You can talk to the financial aid office in your school for an alternative in “emergency” situations. If you do want a credit card, just be smart about it.(They let you into that school because of your brain, right？) Don't automatically get the first one you find. Shop around for a card that has the lowest interest rate possible, and consider places that may not be advertising on campus. Additionally, be aware of any card's repayment options: When will payments be due? How much will they be? A credit card is not like a loan that comes with a grace period(宽限期) after you graduate and waits until you are done with school. That new sweater and nice dinner out will need to be paid back right away. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了大一新生开学面临的问题之一——信用卡的 选用，并就此给出了建议。 5. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Be confused by. B. Be terribly hurt by. C. Be attracted by. D. Be surrounded by. 答案与解析：D 考查词义猜测。由下文的“Advertisements for student credit cards are everywhere：in bags at the bookstore, in the campus newspaper, in your regular mailbox, in the residence halls”可知，大一新生一入校就会被兜售信用卡的人包围， 进行轮番轰炸。故选 D 项。 6. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. A college freshman should be careful when choosing a credit card. B. Students should take a lesson about how to use a credit card wisely. C. A credit card will be the only help for students in emergency situations. D. The author doesn't appreciate the idea of having a credit card on campus. 答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“If you do want a credit card, just be smart about it”和下文的内容可知，大一新生选用信用卡时要慎重。故选 A 项。 7. What's the best title for this passage? A. Economic Tips for College Students B. Dos and Don'ts in Using Student Credit Cards C. Mistakes about Student Credit Cards Use in College D. Student Credit Cards—What You Need to Know 答案与解析：D 考查主旨大意。本文主要就大一新生使用信用卡需要注意的事项进行 了简单介绍，并给出了具体的建议。A 项范围太大；B 项错在 Don'ts，文章只列举了使用信 用卡时应注意的事项，并没有列举不能用信用卡来做什么；C 项不全面，仅仅是文章涉及的 一个方面。故选 D 项。 8. If this is a passage of a college newspaper, in which column can we read it? A. Entertainment. B. Advertisement. C. Economy. D. Education. 答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。本文主要讲的是关于大一新生使用信用卡的一些注意 事项和一些具体的建议，是关于经济方面的知识，可能出现在经济这一栏目。故选 C 项。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 二、完形填空 Julie was busy with the kids when she heard her husband Rex say “I am leaving”. She ran to the __9__ but Rex had already left for the office. Julie felt very __10__ but the kids were calling her again; she had just to __11__ the feeling. When, finally, the children had __12__， she remembered how she had felt once again. After 15 years of__13__， their life had become very dull. Rex was busy with work and she with the __14__ and housework. Being busy, they had __15__ their small but sweet moments with each other. She somehow __16__ this but, Rex had __17__ forgotten today was their wedding anniversary. She knew she was the love of his life, but... When Rex reached his office, he had a(n) __18__ that he was forgetting something today, but what? He was trying to remember when he was called to work and he kept busy for the entire __19__. In the afternoon, he got a message, which __20__： “Hi, you look handsome today.” Rex was very __21__—it was a private number. Soon, he was busy again and he forgot about everything __22__ the work he had to do. The next day, he got __23__ message, reading “you have achieved so much in such a small time.” Again it was a __24__ number. Slowly, it became a routine. He was getting __25__ daily, through which he came to know the sender was a lady. Without knowing it, he started __26__ them, and life was colorful again for Rex. Then one day on the way to work Rex suddenly __27__ the sender knew almost everything about him as if she was __28__ observing him. Then, he turned the car and headed home. 语篇解读 本文主要讲述了一对夫妻在结婚 15 年后感觉生活变得索然无味。之后妻子 一直以发信息的方式表达自己的感情，而丈夫最终发现了。 9. A．door B．window C．office D．kitchen 答案与解析：A 考查名词。从文章第一句可知这是家庭生活的场景，她跑到门口但是 Rex 已经前往办公室了。 10. A．excited B．relaxed C．delighted D．upset 答案与解析：D 考查形容词。她感到非常沮丧(upset)。 11. A．set up B．set aside C．set out D．set off 答案与解析：B 考查动词词组。她不得不把这种烦恼放在一边。set up 意为“建立， 搭建”；set aside 意为“把……放在一边”；set out 意为“出发，着手做”；set off 意为“出发，动身前往”。 12. A．slept B．left C．performed D．eaten 答案与解析：B 考查动词。最后，当孩子们离开的时候，她再次记起之前的感受。 13. A．labor B．work C．marriage D．love 答案与解析：C 考查名词。结婚 15 年之后他们的生活变得索然无味。 14. A．house B．husband C．kids D．job 答案与解析：C 考查名词。Rex 忙于工作，而她忙着带孩子、做家务活。 15. A．remembered B．wasted C．spent D．lost 答案与解析：D 考查动词。因为很忙，所以他们失去了彼此之间很小但很甜蜜的时刻。 remember 意为“记得”；waste 意为“浪费”；spend 意为“花费”；lose 意为“失去”。 16. A．accepted B．doubted 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 C．afforded D．forgot 答案与解析：A 考查动词。她几乎接受(accept)了这种现实。 17. A．almost B．already C．ever D．even 答案与解析：D 考查副词。但他甚至(even)忘记了今天是他们的结婚纪念日。 18. A．feeling B．belief C．opinion D．imagination 答案与解析：A 考查名词。当 Rex 到达办公室的时候，他感觉(feeling)今天忘记了什 么事。 19. A．day B．morning C．hour D．moment 答案与解析：B 考查名词。从下一句 in the afternoon，he got a message 可知，整 个上午他都忙于工作。 20. A．signed B．reported C．read D．showed 答案与解析：C 考查动词。在下午的时候他收到一条信息，上面写着“嗨，今天你看 起来真帅”。在倒数第二段第一句也有提示。 21. A．surprised B．satisfied C．annoyed D．frightened 答案与解析：A 考查形容词。Rex 感到很惊讶，因为这是一个私人号码。surprised 意为“惊讶的”；satisfied 意为“满意的”；annoyed 意为“烦恼的”；frightened 意为 “害怕的”。 22. A．within B．over C．except D．beneath 答案与解析：C 考查介词。除了(except)自己的工作他忘了所有的事情。 23. A．another B．such C．other D．one 答案与解析：A 考查代词。第二天他又收到一条信息。 24. A．familiar B．foreign C．strange D．private 答案与解析：D 考查形容词。这次还是一个私人(private)号码。 25. A．letters B．reports C．numbers D．messages 答案与解析：D 考查名词。他每天都会收到信息。 26. A．getting tired of B．waiting for C．caring about D．figuring out 答案与解析：B 考查动词词组。他开始等候那些每日的信息，他的生活又变得明亮起 来。get tired of 意为“对……疲惫”；wait for 意为“等候”；care about 意为“关心， 喜欢”；figure out 意为“计算，弄明白”。 27. A．knew B．guessed C．realized D．believed 答案与解析：C 考查动词。他突然意识(realize)到这个信息发送者几乎了解他的所有 事情，好像她在密切(closely)关注着他。 28. A．closely B．curiously C．hardly D．quietly 答案与解析：A 考查副词。见上一题解析。 三、语法填空 Nowadays, it is common that parents buy __29__ educational present for their children. A lot of personal computers are placed under the Christmas tree this year. __30__(believe) that computers are the key to success, parents are also insisting that children __31__ (teach) to use them in school as early as possible. The problem 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 for school is __32__ when it comes to computers, parents don't always know best. Teachers found themselves caught in the middle of the problem between parent __33__(press) and wise educational decisions. Many schools are giving in to parental impatience and are purchasing hardware __34__ good educational planning. Educators do not even agree on how computers should be used. Even those __35__ believe that all children should have access to computers warn of potential dangers to the very young. The temptation remains strong largely __36__young children adapt so well to computers. However, not every school can afford to go into computing, and that creates __37__ problem: a division between the haves and the havenots. Very few parents are agitating for(倡导) computer instruction in poor school districts, __38__ there may be barely enough money to pay the teacher. 29．__________ 30.__________ 31.__________ 32．__________ 33.__________ 34.__________ 35．__________ 36.__________ 37.__________ 38．__________ 答案： 语篇解读 本文主要关于年龄较小的学生是否该接触电脑。 29．an 考查冠词。表示泛指，用不定冠词。 30．Believing 考查动词。动作 believe 和动作实施者 parents 之间是主动关系，故 用动名词形式。 31．be taught 考查动词。insist that sb.be done...为固定用法，意为“坚持某人 该被做某事”。 32．that 考查连词。表语从句，结构完整，用 that 引导。 33．pressure 考查名词。句意：老师发现学生在家长的压力(pressure)和明智的教育 决定之间左右为难。 34．without 考查介词。由前半句许多学校屈服于家长的不耐心可推知，它们购买的 软件没有(without)良好的教育计划。 35．who 考查关系词。who 引导定语从句。即使那些赞同学生使用电脑的人也提及到 电脑对孩子的危害。 36．because 考查连词。诱惑始终很大是因为小孩对电脑的适应能力很强。 37．another 考查形容词。句意：在无法进行电脑化教学的学校又会产生另一个问题。 38．where 考查连词。很少有家长同意在贫困学区实行计算机教学，那里几乎没有足 够的钱支付给老师。