【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题状语从句学案（15页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题状语从句学案（15页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习语法专题状语从句学案 时间状语从句 ‎(1)表示时间的状语从句可以由when，whenever，as，while，before，until，ever since，as soon as等词引导。‎ As a young man (＝When he was a young man)，he was fond of hunting.他年轻时，喜欢打猎。‎ When the rain stopped，students rushed out of the classroom.‎ 雨停了，学生们冲出教室。‎ My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.‎ 我做作业时母亲在做饭。‎ We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.‎ 我们刚要出发，突然下起雨来。‎ It will be half a year before I come back.‎ 我半年之后才回来。‎ ‎(2)名词词组引导时间状语从句：every/each time每一次；the moment/minute那时(一……就……)；the first/second time 第一/二次；the last time最后一次；the day那一天；the week那一周等。‎ Every time I see him，he looks miserable.‎ 每次我看见他，他都是一副愁眉苦脸的样子。‎ He said he’d phone you the moment he got home.‎ 他说他一到家就给你打电话。‎ ‎(3)as soon as，instantly，directly，immediately等表示从句动作一发生，主句动作随即发生，通常意为“一……就……”，也可引起表示时间的状语从句。‎ The moment I saw it，I fell in love with it.‎ 我一看见它就爱上了它。‎ Directly I had done it，I knew I had made a mistake.‎ 我一做完，就知道犯了个错误。‎ He rushed upstairs immediately he heard a loud noise.‎ 他一听到大的响动就冲上了楼梯。‎ ‎(4)no sooner...than 和hardly...when引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时。若把no sooner，hardly提到句首，主句须倒装。‎ No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.‎ 他刚坐下，电话铃就响了。‎ Hardly had the game begun when it started to rain.‎ 比赛刚刚开始，天就开始下起雨来。‎ 条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if，unless (＝if...not除非)，so/as long as (只要)，in case (万一)，on condition that (条件是)，suppose/supposing (假设，如果)，provided that (如果)等。‎ Don’t come in unless I let you.别进来，除非我允许。‎ As long as you don’t lose heart，you will succeed.‎ 只要你不灰心，你会成功的。‎ Suppose/Supposing (that) they refuse us，who else can we turn to for help？倘若他们拒绝我们，我们还能向谁求助呢？‎ 原因状语从句 原因状语从句常用because，since，as，for引导，还可用seeing that(既然)，now that(既然)，considering that/who/how...(考虑到……)，in that(因为)，not that...but that (不是因为……而是因为)等引导。‎ Now that they’ve got to know each other a little better，they get along just fine.‎ 由于彼此之间有了进一步了解，他们相处的不错。‎ John did quite well in his exams considering how little he studied.考虑到约翰才学了那么一点点，他考得已很不错了。‎ The situation is rather complicated in that we have two managing directors.由于我们有两位总经理，所以情况很复杂。‎ 让步状语从句 让步状语从句由though(although)，even if(even though)，no matter how/where/what...，whatever，however，whoever等引导。‎ Although the car is old，it still runs well.‎ 汽车虽然很旧，但跑起来仍然不错。‎ No matter how hard he tried，he couldn’t get her to change her mind.不管他怎样努力劝说，也没能使她改变主意。‎ 目的状语从句 目的状语从句常由that，so that，in order that，lest(以免，以防)，for fear that等引导，放在主句之后。目的状语从句常用情态动词may(might)，can(could)等。lest，for fear that后面常用“(should)＋动词原形”的虚拟语气。‎ We pray that he may recover soon.‎ 我们祈求他早日康复。‎ 结果状语从句 结果状语从句由so that，so...that，such that，such...that等词引导。‎ Many contestants later failed drug tests，so that the race had to be rerun.许多参赛者后来都没有通过药检，赛跑只得重新进行。‎ The nature of the job was such that he felt obliged to tell no one about it.这种工作的性质就是如此，他觉得只好秘而不宣了。‎ 方式状语从句 方式状语从句由as，just as，as if，as though等词引导。‎ We’d better leave things as they are until the police arrive.‎ 在警察到来之前，我们最好保持现场原样。‎ You look as if you’ve had a good time.‎ 你看起来好像玩得挺开心。‎ 比较状语从句 比较状语从句由as...as，than，not so...as，the more...the more等词引导。‎ My brother is not as old as me.我弟弟年纪没我大。‎ It’s a beautiful dress but it’s much more than I can afford.‎ 这件连衣裙很漂亮，不过太贵了。‎ 地点状语从句 地点状语从句由where，wherever，anywhere，everywhere等词引导。‎ Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions.‎ 有疑点或问题的地方你做个标记。(地点状语从句)‎ Make a mark at the place where you have any doubts or questions.在有疑点或问题的地方做个标记。(定语从句)‎ We should go where the Party needs us most.‎ 我们应到党最需要我们的地方去。‎ Where there is a will，there is a way.有志者，事竟成。‎ Wherever there is smoke，there is a fire.‎ 无火不生烟。(无风不起浪)‎ Bamboo grows well where it has plenty of rain.‎ 竹子在雨水充足的地方长得好。‎ If you could go wherever you wanted to in the world，where would you go？如果世界上任何地方你想去就能去的话，你会去哪儿？‎ ‎1．(2009年山东卷)The little girl who got lost decided to remain________she was and wait for her mother.‎ A．where　　　　　　　　 B．what C．how D．who ‎【解析】　remain在此意为“留下，逗留”，where she was在句中作地点状语。句意为：这个迷路的小女孩决定待在原来的地方等待她的妈妈。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎2．(2009年山东卷)—Shall we have our picnic tomorrow?‎ ‎—________it doesn’t rain.‎ A．Until B．While C．Once D．If ‎【解析】　 句意为：“明天我们去野餐好吗？”“只要不下雨(就去)”。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎3．(2009年北京卷)You may use the room as you like________you clean it up afterwards.‎ A．so far as B．so long as C．in case D．even if ‎【解析】　句意为：你可以任意使用这个房间，只要你事后把它打扫干净。so far as就……而言；so long as＝as long as表示唯一条件“只要”；in case以防，万一；even if即使，尽管。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎4．(2009年福建卷)She had just finished her homework________her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.‎ A．when B．while C．after D．since ‎【解析】　句意为：昨天她刚做完作业，她妈妈就让她练钢琴。when在本句中作并列连词，意为：and at that time。while作并列连词，表示“对比转折”；after为从属连词或介词，意为“在……之后”；since自从……时候，既然……‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎5．(2009年浙江卷)The medicine works more effectively________you drink some hot water after taking it.‎ A．as B．until C．although D．if ‎【解析】　句意为：这种药如果你热水送服，会更加有效。if 引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎6．(2009年辽宁卷)It just isn’t fair________I was working as a waiter last month，my friends were lying on the beach.‎ A．whenever B．though C．for D．while ‎【解析】　本题句意为：这真不公平。上个月当我在做服务员的时候，我的朋友们正躺在沙滩上。表示“与此同时”用while，引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎7．(2009年安徽卷)—I wonder how much you charge for your service.‎ ‎—The first two are free________the third costs $30.‎ A．while B．until C．when D．before ‎【解析】　考查连词的用法。根据句意，这里表示前后句之间的对比，所以用while，表示“而”。语意是“前面两项服务是免费的，而第三项收费30美元”。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎8．(2009年重庆卷)Peter was so excited________he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.‎ A．where B．that C．Why D．when ‎【解析】　句意为：当Peter的朋友邀请他来重庆时，他很是兴奋。此题考查状语从句，只有when引导的时间状语从句符合题意。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎9．(2009年四川卷)Owen wouldn’t eat anything________he cooked it himself.‎ A．until B．since C．unless D．while ‎【解析】　句意为：欧文只吃他自己做的东西。not...until...直到……才……；since自从……以来；unless除非；while当……时候，而，虽然。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎10．(2009年陕西卷)My parents don’t mind what job I do________I am happy.‎ A．even though B．as soon as C．as long as D．as though ‎【解析】　考查连词。even though即使；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要；as though仿佛。句意为：我父母不介意我做任何工作，只要我高兴。故as long as符合语境。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎1．(2010届江西师大附中期中测试)________the Internet is bridging the distance between people，it may also break some families or cause other family problems.‎ A．When B．If C．While D．Since ‎【解析】　考查状语从句。while置于句首，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。句意为：因特网虽可拉近人与人之间的距离，但也可能破坏一些家庭或者引起其他家庭问题。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎2．(2010届唐山摸底考试)He was so deep in thought，thinking of the problem________he knocked into the tree without noticing it.‎ A．when B．while C．Because D．that ‎【解析】　考查状语从句的引导词。so...that表示“如此，以致”。他思考问题太投入了，以致一不留神儿撞到了树上。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎3．(2010届江苏泰兴调研测试)—What do you think about the new teacher?‎ ‎—________the new teacher is an elegant lady，she can be extremely difficult to work with.‎ A．As if B．As long as C．Because D．While ‎【解析】　while表示“尽管”。句意为：尽管新老师是一位很文雅的女士，但是和她一起工作可能很难。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎4．(2010届安徽合肥高校附中联考)Don’t be afraid of asking your teachers for help________it is needed.‎ A．as B．since C．unless D．when ‎【解析】　考查连词。句意为“如有需要，不要害怕向老师问问题”。此处when相当于if，表示条件，其他不符合语意。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎5．(2010届甘肃天水一中段考)We had to be patient because it________some time________we got the full results.‎ A．has been；since B．had been；until C．was；after D．would be；before ‎【解析】　在“it＋be＋一段时间＋before/after/since＋从句”句型中，before从句中的动作经过一段时间后才会实现；after从句中的动作发生后已经过去了一段时间；since从句中的动作完成后到现在已经有一段时间了。结合题意可知，答案为D。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎6．(2010届河北重点中学联考)—What should we pay more attention to if we go north in winter，Mum?‎ ‎—Nothing much.Take warm clothes________the weather is cold.‎ A．as long as B．now that C．if D．in case ‎【解析】　as long as意思是“只要”，表示条件；now ‎ that意思是“既然，由于”，表示原因；if意思是“如果”，表示条件；in case意思是“以防”，表示条件。根据语意可知本题的答案选D。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎7．(2010届临川一中月考)There are，________you don’t mind me saying so，several problems with this idea of yours.‎ A．if B．unless C．although D．because ‎【解析】　考查连词的用法。句意为：如果你不介意我这么说，你的想法存在若干问题。本句中的“if you don’t mind me saying so”是插入语，表示委婉的语气。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎8．(2010届唐山摸底考试)________there is little we can do to modify the weather，we can at least know what kind of weather to expect.‎ A．Since B．When C．While D．Unless ‎【解析】　考查状语从句。While在此引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎9．(2009年龙岩检测)My mother likes everything in order，and she always reminds us to put things back________we get them from.‎ A．so that B．in which C．once D．where ‎【解析】　考查状语从句。where we get them from是地点状语从句。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎ ‎10．(2010年郑州一模)—I may go to the market this afternoon.‎ ‎—Could you please buy some fruit for me________you are there?‎ A．since B．if C．while D．as ‎【解析】　考查连词的用法。对方只是说可能会去市场(may go to the market)，因此答语中用if符合语境，即你如果(if)去的话，能帮我买些水果吗？‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎11．(2010届江西师大附中临川一中联考)—What do you think I should wear for such a formal press conference?‎ ‎—Dress________you like.‎ A．how B．what C．whatever D．however ‎【解析】　考查状语从句。dress作及物动词时，宾语为人；本题中的Dress为不及物动词，所以后面应该接一个状语从句。句意为：你想怎么穿都行。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎12．(2010届成都第一次诊断)I had no idea of the exact address of Xinhua High School________I was outside its front gate.‎ A．when B．after C．until D．because ‎【解析】　考查状语从句。根据语意“我到新华中学的校门口时才知道这学校的准确地址”可知C项正确。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎13．(2010年上海春招)________some people come here for a short break，others have decided to stay forever.‎ A．Because B．If C．Once D．While ‎【解析】　考查连词。句意为：虽然有些人来此只是短暂停留，有些人却已经决定在这里定居了。because引导原因状语从句，if和once引导条件状语从句，while意为“虽然”，表示转折关系。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎14．(2010年潍坊检测)________you’ve experienced it，you can’t understand how I felt.‎ A．Once B．Because C．Unless D．While ‎【解析】　考查状语从句。句意为：如果你没体验过，你不会知道我的感受。unless＝if not“如果不”，引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎15．(2010年皖南八校第二次联考)—Haven’t seen Lucy recently，what’s happened?‎ ‎—Oh，it’s more than two months________she worked here.‎ A．which B．that C．before D．since ‎【解析】　考查it’s...since...结构。表示动作自过去发生至今有多久。但该结构从句中谓语动词的性质决定最终的意义。从句中谓语动词为瞬间性动词，则表该瞬间动作发生至今时间多久；若从句中谓语动词为延续性动词，则表示该延续动词动作终止至今时间多久。work属延续性动词 ，该句意为“她不在这儿工作已经有两个多月了”，显然，本题的答案为D。‎ ‎【答案】　D