【英语】2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选练8含解析

【英语】2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选练8含解析

‎2019高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（8）‎ A You use her as a shoulder to cry on. She texts you back with casual jokes. But she, Xiaoice, is only a virtual chatbot（虚拟聊天机器人）.‎ ‎ Xiaoice, Microsoft’s latest artificial intelligence robot, was briefly released in 2014, and returned to WeChat in 2015, where she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily, The New York Times reported. On WeChat, Xiaoice is an official account. After following it, users can start text-based conversations with Xiaoice.‎ ‎ ＂Her incredible learning ability was why people loved to talk with Xiaoice,＂ Liu Jinchang, a researcher at High-tech Research and Development Center under the Ministry of Science and Technology, told China Daily. Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis（表情符号） in conversations, Xiaoice gains 45 percent of her knowledge from interacting with users, China Daily reported.‎ ‎ Chatbot programs first appeared in the mid-1960s in the US. Driven by top tech companies, they are becoming smarter and more common. For instance, IBM’s latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant at Australia’s Deakin‎ ‎University, answering students’ questions about course schedules and financial aid. Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news, play music and even make jokes for their users.‎ ‎ These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms, The New York Times pointed out. However, it may take decades before scientists develop a ＂Samantha＂, the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction film Her. In the film, Samantha has a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix. Many viewers were enthusiastic about this fantasy of virtual soul mates.‎ ‎1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ ‎ A. She became a best seller.‎ ‎ B. She became very powerful.‎ ‎ C. She became a money maker.‎ ‎ D. She became very popular.‎ ‎2.Which of the following can Xiaoice do?‎ ‎ A. Do housework.‎ ‎ B. Spread messages.‎ ‎ C. Identify various photos.‎ ‎ D. Read news to its users.‎ ‎3.Which company’s chatbot program can act as an academic consultant?‎ ‎ A. Microsoft. B. IBM. C. Apple. D. Amazon.‎ ‎4.What can be learned from the last paragraph?‎ ‎ A. Chatbots will be applied to cars soon.‎ ‎ B. Chatbots mainly run on smartphones now.‎ ‎ C. Samantha is played by a US actor in the film.‎ ‎ D. The film Her doesn’t interest many audience. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文讲述的是人工智能程序的发展情况。列举了微信上的聊天程序大受欢迎，IBM的人工智能程序能成为顾问，但是目前这种程序主要应用在智能手机上，人们期待它将来可以在手机以外的地方使用。‎ ‎1.D【解析】推理判断题。根据she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily可知，她在微信上大受欢迎，很多中国人都喜欢与她聊天，故选D。‎ ‎3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中IBM’s latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant可知，IBM的最新人工智能程序可以作为学术顾问，故选B。‎ ‎4.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms,可知，人们期待这些程序除了智能手机之外，也能应用在电视、汽车、 起居室等地，所以目前是主要应用在智能手机上，故选B。‎ B ‎(2016·东北三省四市第一次联考)‎ Many foreign students report feeling lonely or unwelcome in Australia.Those feelings are among the reasons why Australia is taking a close look at its international education industry.But wherever international students go，making friends may not always be easy.Elisabeth Gareis of Baruch College in New York surveyed 454 international students.They were attending fouryear colleges and graduate schools in the American South and Northeast.‎ Students from Englishspeaking countries and from northern and central Europe were more likely to be happy with their friendships.But 38%of the international students said they had no close friends in the United States.And half of the students from East Asia said they were unhappy with the number of American friends they had.Thirty percent said they wished their friendships could be deeper and more meaningful.‎ Professor Gareis says，“Students from East Asia have cultures that are different on many levels from the culture in the United States.There are also language problems，and maybe some social skills，such as small talks，which are possibly not as important in their native countries，where it’s not as important to start friendships with small talks.Many East Asian students blamed themselves for their limited friendships with Americans，for not speaking the language well enough and for not knowing the culture well enough.”‎ VOA’s Students Union blogger Jessica Stahl did her own survey to find out how American students and foreign students relate to each other.More than 100 students，about half of them American，answered her online questions.Half of the international students and 60% of the Americans said they related as well or better to the other group than to their own group.‎ Professor Gareis says，“International students who make friends with host nationals are，overall，more satisfied with their stay in the host country.They have ‎ better language skills，better academic performance and better attitudes toward the host country.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，国际留学生交友并非易事。‎ ‎1．What can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Making Friends Is Not Always Easy for Foreign Students B．Students from East Asia Are Not Good at Making Friends　‎ C．International Education Industry in Australia and America　‎ D．The Relation between Foreign Students and Host Countries　‎ 解析：选A。标题概括题。根据第一段的“But wherever international students go，making friends may not always be easy.”可知，本文是围绕着国际留学生不容易交友而进行阐述的。故答案选A。‎ ‎2．Professor Gareis tends to think that________.‎ A．culture shock should be blamed for many levels of American culture B．foreign students don’t know small talks mean a lot to Americans ‎ C．foreign students should learn some basic social skills first of all ‎ D．foreign students have difficulty making friends for different reasons 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，外国学生难交到朋友是因为文化层次不同、语言以及社交技巧等各方面问题造成的。故答案选D。‎ ‎ 3.How did Jessica Stahl carry out her survey?‎ A．By doing questionnaires from Students Union.‎ B．By asking questions on the Internet.‎ ‎ C．By forming the students into groups. ‎ D．By doing a survey through VOA.‎ 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“More than 100 students，about half of them American，answered her online questions.”可知，她是通过让学生们在网上回答问题而开展调查的。故答案选B。‎ ‎4．Which of the following statements will the writer probably agree with?‎ A．International students like to make more friends in their own group.‎ B．International students are more likely to remain in the host country after graduation.‎ C．Students who make more friends at home have better academic performance.‎ D．Students who make friends in their host countries feel happier with their experience.‎ 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的“International students who make friends with host nationals are，overall，more satisfied with their stay in the host country.”可知，那些与东道国学生交友的国际留学生，对自己在东道国的经历更满意。故答案选D。‎ C D ‎(2015·四川成都九中模拟)‎ Christmas in the United States is traditionally a time of giftgiving and family gatherings.But small towns across the country have their own traditions.‎ Middleburg，a small town in the state of Virginia，is known for its horses.For more than 50 years，Middleburg has organized a yearly Christmas parade(游行)．Men and women ride horses through the woods and fields.They follow hunting dogs as they search for a wild fox.But first，these hunters ride in the yearly parade，wearing their bright red hunting clothes and hats.‎ John Hale，a citizen of Middleburg says many city people visit his town.“We have a lot of people from an urban area that come to visit，but it incorporates a lot of the old traditions.”The nighttime hayride is one such tradition.Small groups gather under the moonlight on an open wagon filled with hay.The passengers sing as farm horses ‎ pull the wagon slowly across the fields.‎ There are some newer traditions，too.Trey Matheu works at the nearby Salamander Resort.He says a visit to Middleburg is a chance to slow down for a day.He says Middleburg can be a calming，peaceful place without tension.‎ ‎“Middleburg is an opportunity to take a step back，to take a deep breath，and to understand that even though life is moving on at a very fast pace，there’s really an opportunity where you’re allowed to step off for a little bit.”‎ Parade organizers say more than 13,000 people attend even in belowfreezing weather.But if you ask，you will hear many different reasons why people come to watch the parade：‎ ‎“I come here because I’m from a small town.I like how everybody comes together.”‎ ‎“I live right down that street，right there.And that’s my dog.”‎ Middleburg looks its best at Christmastime.That may be why so many people return each year.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国小镇Middleburg庆祝圣诞节的独特方式。‎ ‎1．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Middleburg Christmas parade B．A small town known for horses C．Christmas traditions in Middleburg D．Newer traditions at Christmastime 解析：选C。标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍的是美国小镇Middleburg独特的圣诞节风俗。故答案选C。‎ ‎2．At Christmas，people in Middleburg usually________.‎ A．visit friends and families B．feed farm horses with hay C．hunt for dogs in the woods D．ride in the yearly parade 解析：选D。细节理解题。由第二段第二、三句“For more than 50 years，Middleburg has organized a yearly Christmas parade(游行)．Men and women ride horses through the woods and fields.”可知，Middleburg的人们每年都会举行一次圣诞游行，人们会骑着马从树林和田间穿过。故答案选D。‎ ‎3．According to Trey Matheu，why do people visit Middleburg?‎ A．To relax themselves.‎ B．To enjoy the fresh air.‎ C．To escape competition.‎ D．To challenge themselves.‎ 解析：选A。推理判断题。由第四段第三、四句“He says a visit to Middleburg is a chance to slow down for a day.He says Middleburg can be a calming，peaceful place without tension.”可推知，Trey Matheu认为Middleburg是一个宁静、平和、没有压力的小镇，在这里人们可以放慢生活脚步，轻松一下。故答案选A。‎ ‎4．What do we know about the small town Middleburg?‎ A．It makes a large profit from tourism.‎ B．It attracts many people each year.‎ C．It is a good place for family gatherings.‎ D．It doesn’t respect Christmas traditions.‎ 解析：选B。推理判断题。由第六段第一句“Parade organizers say more than 13,000 people attend even in belowfreezing weather.”可推知，每年有很多人都会来Middleburg观看圣诞节游行。故答案选B。‎ E U．S.airlines are seeing a major interruption because of hundreds of flights canceled due to the ash cloud from the Icelandic volcano，but European flight companies will ‎ face the biggest losses.‎ The airline business has been tough：The decline dramatically slowed traffic；February heavy snow forced U．S.airlines to cancel thousands of flights；and now the ashes from the volcano stopped all traffic in and out of northern Europe for days.‎ ‎“For U．S.flight companies，it'll be a relatively shortterm hit，” said Michael Boyd，president of Boyd Group International，an aviation (航空学) consulting firm.“We think right now they're down about $ 80 million in terms of lost income，and they're down domestically about 80,000 passengers that would have been flying domestically but aren't because they can't get here.” ‎ Delta announced that volcanorelated interruption grounded about 400 flights until Monday at a cost of $ 20 million in lost revenues(收入)．But by comparison，the airline canceled 7,000 flights and lost $ 65 million in revenue due to the recent snowstorms.‎ The disruption has created uncertainty for customers，but analysts say U．S.airlines won't face as many costs as you might think.They are not flying in extra planes to handle the passengers in trouble because companies simply don't have them.“Airlines run a very lean operation now，” Mann said.“So，since there are no spare aircraft or crews，the airlines will attempt to maximize loads on every one of their aircraft that do fly.But it may take days，or in some cases a week or so，to get some of these customers to where they want to go.” ‎ Ⅰ.以约30词概括文章大意 ‎______________________________________________________‎ Ⅱ.根据短文内容选择最佳答案 ‎1．Which negative consequences mentioned in the passage did the disasters cause?‎ A．coldness，pollution and airlines' losses B．airport damage，pollution and slow traffic C．passenger delay，coldness and airport damage D．passenger delay，airlines' losses and slow traffic ‎2．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?‎ A．The fewest airplanes will fly the trapped passengers to their destinations. ‎ B．All the customers are sure to be sent to their destinations in time.‎ C．The U．S.and U．K.airlines suffered the same losses in the natural disasters.‎ D．The volcano eruption reduced the traffic to and from northern Europe.‎ ‎3．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?‎ A．the troubles that the airlines will face after the ash cloud disappears.‎ B．the measures that the airlines will take to maximize their profit.‎ C．the present situation of the airlines and their plan to deliver the passengers.‎ D．the reasons why the airlines run a fine operation.‎ ‎4．Why will it take a long time for airlines to send the passengers to their different destinations?‎ A．Because the passengers enjoy staying in airports to talk with one another.‎ B．Because the airlines don't have spare planes or employees to serve.‎ C．Because the airlines don't have enough financial support after the disaster.‎ D．Because the passengers are asking for full refund from the airlines.‎ ‎5．The passage is most probably from________.‎ A．a novel　　B．a news report C．a magazine D．a thesis ‎ 参考答案 Ⅰ The text tells us about the serious effect of the ash cloud from the Icelandic volcano on airline business and how flight companies will handle the problems caused by the disaster.(31words)‎ Ⅱ ‎1．解析：文中没有提到污染、机场损毁等问题， 只讲了航班延误、乘客滞留、运营缓慢、航空公司受损，所以D为正确答案。‎ 答案：D ‎ 2.解析：从最后一段的They are not flying in extra planes to handle the passengers in trouble和 the airlines will attempt to maximize loads on every one of their aircraft that do fly, 可知A为正确答案。‎ 答案：A。‎ ‎ 3.解析：最后一段告诉我们每个飞行的航班会最大限度的搭载乘客，所以选C。‎ 答案：C。‎ ‎ 4.解析：从They are not flying in extra planes to handle the passengers in trouble because companies simply don't have them可以推知答案。‎ 答案：B。‎ ‎ 5.解析：全文讲述冰岛火山灰对航空业的影响， 应该选自新闻报道。‎ 答案：B。‎