2019届一轮复习人教版选修七Unit2Robots单元学案（18页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修七Unit2Robots单元学案（18页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修选修七Unit2Robots单元学案 一单元基础训练 一、单元单词短语回顾 ‎△household  [ˈhaushəuld] adj. 家庭的；家用的 n.一家人；家庭 fiction [ˈfikʃən] n. 小说；虚构或想象出来的事 desire [diˈzaiə] n. 渴望；欲望；渴求 ‎ ‎ vt.希望得到；想要 ‎△Isaac Asimov 艾萨克·阿西莫夫 satisfaction  [ˌsætisˈfækʃən] n. 满意；满足；令人满意的事物 ‎△Larry Belmont 拉里·贝尔蒙特 test out 试验；考验 ‎△Claire n. 克莱尔（女名）‎ bonus [ˈbəunəs]n.额外津贴；奖金；红利 alarm  [əˈlɑ:m] vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 n.警报；惊恐 alarmed adj. 担心的；害怕的 apron  [ˈeiprən] n. 围裙 sympathy [ˈsimpəθi] n. 同情（心）‎ overweight  ['əuvəweit] adj.超重的；体重超常的 elegant  [ˈeligənt] adj.优雅的；高雅的；讲究的 ‎△Gladys Claffern 格拉迪斯.克拉芬 favour  [ˈfeivə] n. 喜爱；恩惠 ‎ ‎ vt.喜爱；偏袒 pile [pail] n.堆；摞；叠 vi.堆起；堆积 vt.把……堆起；积聚 scan  [skæn] vt. 细看；仔细检查；粗略地看；浏览；扫描 fingernail ['fiŋgəneil]   n. 手指甲 absurd  [əbˈsə:d] adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 haircut [ˈheəkʌt] n. 发型；理发 ‎△makeup  ['meikʌp] n. 化妆品 accompany  [əˈkʌmpəni] vt.陪伴；伴奏 cushion  [ˈkuʃən] n. （坐、跪时用的）软垫；靠垫 ，垫子 bedding [ˈbediŋ] n. 寝具；铺盖 necklace [ˈneklis] n. 项链 clerk [klə:k] n. 售货员；职员；旅馆接待员 counter  [ˈkauntə] n. 柜台；计数器 ring up 给……打电话 turn around 转向；回转 awful [ˈɔ:ful] adj. 极坏的；极讨厌的；可怕的；（口语）糟透的 affair [əˈfɛə]n.事务；事情；暖昧关系 armchair [ˈɑ:mtʃeə] n.扶手椅；单座沙发 declare [diˈklɛə] vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称 cuisine  [kwiˈzi:n]n.烹饪（风味）；菜肴 envy [ˈenvi] vt. 忌妒；羡慕 leave…alone 不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起 digital  [ˈdidʒitl] adj.数字的；数码的；手指的；脚趾的 mailbox [ˈmeilbɔks] n.（美）邮筒；信箱 state  [steit] vt. 陈述；宣布 aside  [əˈsaid] adv. 在一边；向一边 set aside 将……放在一边；为……节省 或保留（钱或时间）‎ grand  [grænd] adj. 大的；豪华的；雄伟的 ‎△Marion n. 玛丽安（女名）‎ ‎△alphabetical  [ˌælfəˈbetikəl] adj. 字母（表）的；按字母顺序的 receiver  [riˈsi:və] n.收件人；接收机；电话听筒 in all 一共；总计 affection  [əˈfekʃən] n.喜爱；爱；感情 bound [baund] adj.一定的；密切相关的 be bound to 一定做……‎ biography  [baiˈɔgrəfi] n. （由他人撰写的）传记；传记文学 holy [ˈhəuli] adj.神的；上帝的;圣洁的 ‎△imagination  [iˌmædʒiˈneiʃən] n. 想象（力）；创造力；幻想物 ‎△transfusion [træns'fju:ʒən] n. 输血 part-time adj. 兼职的 ‎△master’s degree  [diˈgri:]（学位） 硕士 学位 staff [stɑ:f] n. 全体员工；手杖 ‎△Philadelphia [ˌfilə'delfjə] n. 费城（美国宾西法尼亚 州重要港口）‎ navy  [ˈneivi] n. 海军；海军部队 junior  [ˈdʒu:niə] adj. 较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的 ‎ ‎ n.年少者；晚辈；等级较低者 ‎△PhD=Doctor of Philosophy fiˈlɔsəfi] 哲学博士学位；博士学位 biochemistry  ['baiəu'kemistri] n.生物化学 ‎△Boston n. 波士顿（美国东北部城市）‎ talent[ˈtælənt] n.天才;特殊能力；才干 chapter[ˈtʃæptə] n.(书中的)章；篇；回 ‎△empire  [ˈempaiə] n.帝国 theoretical [ˌθiəˈretikəl]adj.理论（上）的；假设的 framework  [ˈfreimwə:k] n. 框架；结构 thinking [ˈθiŋkiŋ] n. 思想；思考 divorce [diˈvɔ:s] n. 离婚；断绝关系 ‎ ‎ vt.与……离婚；与……脱离 obey  [əˈbei] vt. & vi. 服从；顺从 disobey  [ˌdisəˈbei] vt. & vi. 不服从；违抗 assessment  [əˈsesmənt] n.评价；评定 二、单元重要句式回顾：根据括号内要求翻译句子 ‎1．她每个月都尽量存点钱。(set aside)‎ She_tries_to_set_aside_some_money_every_month.‎ ‎2．他小时候就显示出表演天才。(talent for)‎ He_showed_a_talent_for_acting_at_an_early_age.‎ ‎3．这事迟早要发生的。(be bound to)‎ It_was_bound_to_happen_sooner_or_later._‎ ‎4．他们要求你马上回来。(desire that＋从句)‎ They_desire_that_you_should_return_at_once.‎ ‎5．你同情那些躺在路边的乞丐吗？ (have/feel sympathy for)‎ Do_you_have/feel_sympathy_for_the_beggars_lying_beside_the_road.‎ ‎6．他已经旷课一整个星期了。(be absent from)‎ He_has_been_absent_from_school_for_a_whole_week.‎ ‎7．多么糟糕的天气！我们只得放弃去野营了。(give up)‎ What_awful_weather!_We_will_have_to_give_up_going_camping.‎ ‎8．这个小姑娘被独自留在那个房子里。 (leave alone)‎ The_little_girl_was_left_alone_in_the_house.‎ ‎9．我的父亲满意地笑了。(satisfaction)‎ My_father_smiled_with_satisfaction.‎ ‎10．人生道路不会总是平坦的。(smooth)‎ The_path_in_life_will_not_always_be_smooth._‎ 单元综合知识运用 一 完形填空提速训练 ‎(2018年·江西八所重点中学联考)A crying little girl stood near a small school from which she had been __1__ because it ‎ was too crowded. “I can't go to school，” she said to a teacher as he walked by. Seeing her old __2__ clothes, the teacher took her __3__ the hand and found a seat for her in the class. The child was so __4__ that she went to bed that night thinking of the children who had no place to study.‎ ‎__5__ two years later, this child lay dead in one of the __6__ tenement buildings she called home and her parents called for the __7__ teacher, who had helped their daughter, to handle the final __8__. As her poor little body was being moved, a worn purse was __9__. Inside was found 57 cents and a note scribbled in childish handwriting which __10__， “This is to help build the school bigger, so more children can go to school.”‎ For two years she had __11__ for this offering of love. When the teacher __12__ read that note, he knew instantly what he would do. Carrying this note, he told the story of her___13__ love. He decided to __14__ enough money for the larger building.‎ A newspaper __15__ the story and published it. It was read by a businessman who __16__ them a piece of land worth many thousand dollars. When __17__ that the school could not pay so much, he offered it for 57 cents.‎ When you are in the city of Philadelphia, have a look at the school building which __18__ hundreds of pupils. In one of the rooms you may see the picture of the sweet face of the little girl __19__ 57 cents made such a __20__ building. Alongside of it is a portrait of her kind teacher.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。57美分能建造一所学校，你相信吗？本文中的小女孩用爱积攒了57美分，在爱心人士的帮助下，建造了一所学校。这让我们相信爱心能创造奇迹。‎ ‎1．A.turned up　　　　　　 B．turned out C．turned off D．turned away 解析：选D　由下文可知，由于学校小、学生多，这个贫穷的小女孩被拒绝入校。turn away意为“不准……入内”，符合句意。turn up意为“露面”；turn out意为“证明是；结果是”；turn off意为“转弯”。‎ ‎2．A.worn B．updated C．splendid D．expensive 解析：选A　由下文及她两年终于攒了57美分可以看出她的家境非常贫寒。worn意为“破旧的”，符合语境。‎ ‎3．A.on B．in C．by D．at 解析：选C　介词by在这里表示触及或抓住人或物的某个部分。‎ ‎4．A.confused B．pleased C．touched D．surprised 解析：选C　得到了老师的帮助，小女孩深受感动。touched意为“受感动的”。‎ ‎5．A.Any B．Some C．Certain D．Or so 解析：选B　此处表示“大约两年以后”。some表示“大约”，用于数词前。any“任何的”；certain“一定的”；or so也表示“大约”，但一般用于数词之后。‎ ‎6．A.magnificent B．beautiful C．comfortable D．poor 解析：选D　由文章可知，小女孩家境非常贫寒，因此D项poor “贫穷的”，符合句意。‎ ‎7．A.former B．kindhearted C．beautiful D．lovely 解析：选B　由第一段第三句以及空后的“who had helped their daughter”可知，这位老师是之前提到的帮助小女孩的那位好心的老师，kindhearted意为“好心的”，符合语境。‎ ‎8．A.arrangement B．achievement C．amusement D．announcement 解析：选A　小女孩去世了，她的父母请这位好心的老师帮忙安排后事。arrangement意为“筹备，安排”，符合句意。‎ ‎9．A.recovered B．distributed C．opened D．discovered 解析：选D　此处指在挪动这个小女孩的尸体时，(他们)发现了一个破旧的钱包。‎ ‎10．A.spoke B．read C．told D．wrote 解析：选B　在表示报纸、信件或书面材料等上面的内容时，常用read或say来表示“上面写着，上面说”。‎ ‎11．A.saved B．made C．lent D．borrowed 解析：选A　由文章可知，小女孩没有经济来源，这些钱是她从平时的生活中节省下来的。‎ ‎12．A.gratefully B．hopefully C．tearfully D．painfully 解析：选C　小女孩家境贫寒，却想攒钱建更大的学校来帮助他人，教师被小女孩无私的爱心感动了。tearfully意为“含泪地”，符合语境。‎ ‎13．A.unfortunate B．unconditional C．unbelievable D．unselfish 解析：选D　由小女孩的事迹可知，小女孩的爱是无私的。unselfish意为“无私的”，符合语境。‎ ‎14．A.earn B．raise C．protect D．steal 解析：选B　由下文可知，这位老师决定募集善款来修建学校。‎ ‎15．A.learned from B．heard from C．learned of D．listened to 解析：选C　句意：一家报社听说了这件事后，将其发表。learn from意为“从……学到……”；hear from意为“收到某人的来信”；listen to意为“听……”。‎ ‎16．A.offered B．delivered C．provided D．supplied 解析：选A　句意：一个商人读了这个故事以后，主动提供了一块价值数千美金的土地。offer sb.sth.意为“主动为某人提供某物”。‎ ‎17．A.told B．paid C．asked D．said 解析：选A　状语从句中省略了he was,‎ ‎ told在此表示被动，意为“被告知”。‎ ‎18．A.furnishes B．houses C．equips D．fills 解析：选B　house在此用作动词，意为“提供住处”。‎ ‎19．A.whose B．who C．which D．of which 解析：选A　先行词为the little girl, 57 cents属于小女孩所有，因此选whose。‎ ‎20．A.changeable B．probable C．valuable D．remarkable 解析：选D　小女孩的57美分建造了这所非凡的建筑。remarkable意为“非凡的”，符合语境。‎ 二、阅读理解提速练 ‎(2018·厦门高三检测)A study by the British government has discovered the mental wellbeing of the country's teenage girls has worsened.‎ The survey, which included 30,000 14yearold students in 2005 and 2014, showed 37 percent of girls with psychological stress, up from 34 percent in 2005. British boys' stress level was actually seen to fall over the same time period, from 17 percent to 15 percent. The report's authors pointed out the “appearance of the social media age” could be a major contributing factor for increasing stress among teenage British girls.‎ ‎“The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical, cognitive and emotional development，” Pam Ramsden, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom, wrote in a blog post. “Teenagers interact with people in order to learn how to become competent adults. In the past, they would engage with parents, teachers and other adults in their community as well as extended family members and friends. Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.”‎ Throughout adolescence, girls and boys develop characteristics like confidence and selfcontrol. Since teenage brains have not completely developed, teens don't have the cognitive awareness and impulse control to keep from posting inappropriate content. Furthermore, this content can easily be circulated far and wide with disastrous implications.‎ ‎“Social media can also feed into girls' insecurities about their appearance，” Ramsden said. “These sites are often filled with images of people with body type unattainable to the normal person. However, these images and the messages tied to them creep into social standards.”‎ ‎“Social media allows girls to make comparisons among friends as well as celebrities and then provides them with ‘solutions’ such as extreme dieting tips and workouts to reach their goals，” Ramsden said.“Concerns about body image can negatively impact their quality of life preventing them ‎ from having healthy relationships and taking up time that could be better spent developing other aspects of their personalities.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。英国政府一项研究发现，英国女生的心理健康变得越来越糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的出现是英国女生心理压力加大的主要因素。‎ ‎1．How does the survey tell us the negative impact of social media?‎ A．By making experiments.‎ B．By raising a question.‎ C．By making comparisons.‎ D．By analyzing causes and effects.‎ 解析：选D　写作手法题。通读全文可知，文章第一、二段分析了社交媒体对女生的影响造成的结果：女生的心理压力比男生大，心理越来越不健康；第三到六段详细说明了社交媒体对女生造成影响的表现、缘由。据此可知，本文是通过分析影响的起因和影响的结果来告诉我们社交媒体对女生产生的负面影响。故选D。‎ ‎2．What is Ramsden's attitude toward the images with fine body shape?‎ A．Supportive.　　　　　 B．Indifferent.‎ C．Critical. D．Concerned.‎ 解析：选C　观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Ramsden对关注身材是持批评态度的。故选C。‎ ‎3．According to the last paragraph, it is necessary for teenagers ________.‎ A．to get rid of the bad effects of social media B．to follow the celebrities' example C．to be concerned about their body image D．to make comparisons among friends 解析：选A　推理判断题。通读最后一段可知，该段主要阐述了社交媒体对青少年尤其是女生造成的负面影响，包括在朋友之间形成攀比心理、把时间浪费在过度关注身材上等；据此可以判断，青少年应当消除社交媒体的负面影响。故选A。‎ ‎4．What does this text mainly tell us?‎ A．The wellbeing of teenagers in Britain.‎ B．The social media's negative effect on teenagers.‎ C．The development of teenagers in Britain.‎ D．How to interact with teenagers in Britain.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了社交媒体对英国青少年尤其是女生的负面影响，包括在朋友中形成攀比心理、过度关注身材而忽视其他能力的发展，形成心理压力等，B项最能概括文意。故选B。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Should We Get Rid of Cash?‎ When it comes to money, many people still think of the paper bill in their wallets. For years, cash (or paper currency) has played an important role in our daily activity.__1__‎ The idea first came up when he read a statistic report about currency distribution released by the US Treasury, the department in control of the central bank. __2__ On the other hand, border states like Florida and California, which were ‎ heavily involved in drug trafficking (贩毒), see an ever increasing need for large bills.‎ Rogoff argues that most big bills in circulation were being used for one of two purposes. Profitmotivated crimes such as illegal gambling, drugs, prostitution, loan sharking, the fencing of stolen merchandise take up a major part. Tax evasion (逃税) by people who arrange to receive cash income and don't report it also contribute to its popularity.__3__‎ However, the total amount of cash issued by the government is still booming. The government don't know where it goes. __4__ But they are happy to know that it's popular, because they make money by making money — about $70 billion a year. It is unlikely that they can enjoy such benefit though. If taken into account the human cost, the enforcement cost, the tax loss, these visible profits will be easily offset.‎ ‎__5__ Here's a typical opinion: “The day we go cashless, the government will be able to track your every move. This is nothing more than a call for dictatorship.”‎ A．He strongly urged the government to do something about it.‎ B．They don't know who's using it.‎ C．There are other people who see cash very differently.‎ D．The problem is that it also aids crime.‎ E．But Harvard professor Ken Rogoff is now appealing to the government to put it into extinction.‎ F．He noticed that some regions, like the Midwest, had almost no demand for the $100 bills.‎ G．But its popularity is slowly decreasing as we have more ways to pay, according to Harvard professor Ken Rogoff.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章以“金钱”为切入点，主要讨论了是否应该取消现金的问题。‎ ‎1．选E　空格前提到现金在我们的日常活动中起重要作用，再结合第二段第一句中的“The idea first came up when he read a statistic report”可以判断，空格处应指但是有人认为应该取消现金。E项承上启下，符合语境。故E项正确。‎ ‎2．选F　空格前提到Rogoff读过一份货币流通的统计报告；空格后提到另一方面，一些涉及大量贩毒的边境地区需要大面额纸币，故空格处应介绍Rogoff从报告中获取的关于不需要大面额现金的信息。F项“他注意到一些地区，像中东，几乎不需要100美元面额的钞票”，符合语境。故F项正确。‎ ‎3．选A　该段介绍了大面额钞票的两种非法用途：非法获取高额利润和逃税。据此可以判断，空格处应为Rogoff对此的看法。A项“他强烈要求政府对此采取措施”承接上文，符合语境。故A项正确。‎ ‎4．选B　根据空格上一句“The government don't know where it goes.”可知，政府不知道这些钱去哪了；据此可以判断，B项“他们也不知道谁在使用这些现金”与上句相呼应，都是政府的表现。故B项正确。‎ ‎5．选C　根据空格下一句可知，本段陈述的是对于现金的另外一个观点；据此可判断，C项“也有人对现金有不同看法”‎ ‎，符合语境。故C项正确。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 My doorbell rings at 11 am. On the step, I find an elderly Chinese lady holding the hand of a little boy. In her other hand __1__ (be) a paper bag. She is the little boy's grandmother, and her daughter, Nicole, bought __2__ house next door last October. Nicole has __3__ (obvious) told her mother that I am having a heart operation shortly, and the result is that her mother has decided __4__ (supply) me with meals.‎ I know what is inside the paper bag — a bottle of hot soup and a __5__ (contain) with a meal of rice, vegetables and meat. It's become a daily occurrence.‎ Communication __6__ us is somewhat difficult because she doesn't speak English and all I can say in Chinese is hello. Once, she brought an iPad as well as the food. She pointed to the screen, __7__ showed a message from her daughter telling me that her mother wanted to know __8__ the food was all right for me.‎ So here we are, two grandmothers, neither of __9__ (we) able to speak the other's language but communicating one way or another (with some help from technology). The doorbell keeps __10__ (ring) and there is the familiar brown paper bag, handed smilingly to me.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了住在作者隔壁的中国老太太给作者送饭的故事。‎ ‎1．is　句意：她的另一只手中是一个纸袋。联系上下文语境可知，此处应用一般现在时；本句是倒装结构，be动词的单复数与句子的主语a paper bag保持一致。故填is。‎ ‎2．the　根据后面的“next door”可知，此处特指“隔壁的房子”，其前应用定冠词修饰。故填the。‎ ‎3．obviously　句意：显然，Nicole已经告诉了她的母亲……分析句子结构可知，空格处作状语修饰整个句子。故填obviously。‎ ‎4．to supply　decide to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”。故填to supply。‎ ‎5．container　根据空格前的“a”和空格后的“with a meal of rice”可知，此处指“一个盛米饭的容器”。此处应用contain的名词形式container，意为“容器”。‎ ‎6．between　根据语境可知，此处指“我们之间的交流”。between意为“在……(两者)之间”，符合句意。‎ ‎7．which　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限定性定语从句。先行词为screen，指物，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导从句。‎ ‎8．if/whether　句意：……她母亲想知道饭菜是否合我的口味。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句。if/whether意为“是否”，符合句意。故填if/whether。‎ ‎9．us　空格处作of的宾语，应用宾格代词。故填us。‎ ‎10．ringing　固定用法keep doing sth.意为“持续做某事”。此处指“门铃会一直响下去”。故填ringing。‎ Ⅳ.应用文写作 假定你是李华，计划组织一次郊游，请给你的英国朋友Mary写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：‎ ‎1．参加者；‎ ‎2．时间、地点；‎ ‎3．活动：登山、野餐等。‎ 注意：1.词数80左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ Dear Mary，‎ I am writing to invite you to hike with us this Sunday.‎ There will be 20 people in total, including my friends and classmates. According to the schedule, we will meet at 8 o'clock on the morning of this Sunday at the foot of Green Mountain. Then, we will climb the mountain and have a picnic on the summit, from where we can enjoy the beautiful scenery of the whole city. Should you join us, we would be more than glad.‎ Looking forward to your earliest reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua