2020届二轮复习情态动词课件（37张）

2020届二轮复习情态动词课件（37张）

2020 届二轮复习 情态动词 一、结构说明 情态动词的基本用法 情态动词的比较 情态动词 + 完成时 情态动词的“ 度 ” 二、情态动词的基本用法 1.can 和 could 的用法。 (1) 表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中 。 How could you do such a silly thing? (2)cannot...too/enough 表示 “ 无论 …… 也不过分； You can't be too careful while driving. (3) 表示能力 I can speak English. 2 ． may 和 might 的用法。 (1)may 和 might 表示 “ 许可 ” ， “ 可能性 ” ， “ 祝愿 ” 等意义。 — May I play basketball this afternoon? — No ， you may not. (2) “ may/might as well ＋动词原形 ” 意为 “ 最好，倒不如 ” 。 For environmental reasons ， we may as well take these waste products and have them recycled. (3)may 作 “ 可以 ” 讲时，其疑问句的否定回答常用 “ mustn't/can't ” 表示 “ 禁止 ” ； must 作 “ 必须 ” 讲时，其疑问句的否定回答用 “ needn't ” ，表示 “ 不必 ” 。 — May I use your car ？我可以用你的车吗？ — No ， you mustn't. 不，不可以。 ( 委婉的拒绝可用： Sorry ， but I am using it now. 或 You'd better not. 等 ) — Must I work out the problem tonight? 我今晚必须解决这个问题吗？ — No ， you needn't. 不，你不必。 3 ． must 的用法。 (1) 表示禁止 ( 用于否定句 ) 。 “ You mustn't smoke in the bedroom ， ” Rose said to her husband and pushed him out of the room. (2) 表示 “ 偏执 ” ， “ 固执 ” 。 — Could I have a word with you ， Mum ？ — Oh dear ， if you must. 好吧，亲爱的，如果你偏要谈的话。 Must you make so much noise? 你非得弄出这么大的声吗？ 4 ． shall 的用法。 (1) 用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方 Shall we begin our class ？ Shall the driver wait outside ？ (2) 用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 I promised he shall get a present for his birthday. 我许诺给他一件生日礼物。 You shall not get my support if you do such a thing. 5 ． will 和 would 的用法。 (1) 表示自愿做或主动提出做什么，如意志、愿望或决心等。 would 用于过去的情况。 John promised his doctor he would not smoke ， and he has never smoked ever since.( 北京高考 ) I have told him again and again to stop smoking ， but he will not listen. (2)would 可以表示过去的习惯性动作，比 used to 正式，但没有 “ 现已无此习惯 ” 的含义。 Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class. 去年我们的英语老师常常课后给我们讲英语故事。 三、情态动词的比较 (1)can( 具备 ) 和 be able to( 具体 ) I can swim. Last night, a fire broke out, but they were able to escape. (2)must( 主观 ) 和 have to( 客观 ) You must go now. I have to go now, because they are waiting for me. 情态动词的比较 (3)will( 意愿 ) 和 be going to( 打算 ) I will help you whenever you are in trouble. I was going to your party last Saturday, but I had an unexpected guest. 情态动词的比较 (4) must ( 肯定推测 ) 和 can not ( 否定推测 ) He must be a teacher. He must be sleeping now. He must have arrived in Beijing then. He can not be a teacher. He can not be sleeping now. He can not have arrived in Beijing then. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How can it be that he was late for the meeting? 情态动词的比较 (3)will 和 shall 疑问句 肯定句 will 第二人称 （征询意见） 所有人称 （意愿） shall 一三人称 （征询意见） 二人称 （指令、承诺） will 和 shall I will do it for you. Will you come right away? Shall he come in or wait outside? You shall clean the whole classroom. Father promises that Tom shall get a new bicycle for his birthday. 四、情态动词 +have done 1 ． can/could have done 表示 “ 本来可以做，而实际上未做 ” 或者 “ 过去可能 ” ，疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定，其中 can ‘ t have done 多用于语气强烈的否定，意为 “ 不可能做过 ” 。 She can't have left school ， for her bike is still here. The accident could have been avoided. (2)may/might +have done 表示对过去行为的推测，意为 “ 可能做过 ” 。 might 所表示的可能性比较弱，语气较委婉。 此外 might have done 可表示 “ 本可能做而实际上未做 ” 。 Sorry ， I'm late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. If it had not been for the traffic jam, I might have arrived on time. (3)must +have done 表示对过去行为的推测，意为 “ 一定，想必 ” ，语气十分肯定。 He must have completed his work ； otherwise ， he wouldn't be enjoying himself by the seaside. (4)should +have done 表示过去本来应该做某事而实际上却没有做； shouldn ‘ t have done 表示过去本来不应该做某事而实际上却做了。这一用法往往含有责备的意味。 I'm not feeling well in the stomach. I shouldn't have eaten so much fried chicken just now. (5)needn't +have done 表示本来不必做某事而实际上却做了 . — Catherine ， I have cleaned the room for you. — Thanks. You needn't have done it.I could manage it myself. 五、情态动词的 “ 度 ” Must—ought to—should—may—might --When can I get the photos? I need it tomorrow. --It should be ready by noon. Tom may come tonight. But he is not sure. 第十六组：情态动词 151. 他昨天不可能到达了北京，因为他是昨天晚上出发的。（否定推测） He couldn ’ t have arrived in Beijing. Because he set out last night. 152. 他现在一定在图书馆看书。（肯定推测） He must be reading in the library now. 153. 他是进来呢，还是在外面等。（ shall ） Shall he come in or wait outside. 154. 父亲承诺玛丽在生日一定会得到 《 哈利波特 》 这本书。（ shall ） Father promises that Mary shall get Harry Potter on her birthday. 155. 你不必告诉我这件事情，我已经知道了。（ need ） You needn ’ t tell me that, I ’ ve known it. 156. 任何人都可能犯错。（ may ） Anyone may make mistakes . 157. Tom 今晚也许会来，但他不太有把握。（ may ） Tom may come tonight, but he is not sure. 158. 令人难以置信的，像他这样的绅士居然对这位女士如此粗鲁。（ should ） It was strange that a gentleman like him should be so rude to the lady. 159. 我有急事要处理，车却偏偏抛锚了。（ must ） I have something urgent to deal with but my car must break down. 160. 他一定已经到达了上海，是吗？（反意疑问句） He must have arrived in Shanghai, hasn ’ t he? 解析： 考查情态动词＋完成时的用法。表示对过去已发生动作的一种推测。 have a hand 意为 “ 参与，插手 ” 。 答案： may/might/could have had a hand 1 ． ( 湖北高考 )It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones ， he__________________ ( 可能参与 )in playing the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones.(hand) 解析： 考查 must ＋完成式的用法，表示对过去已发生的动作做出肯定性推测。 stay up 意为 “ 熬夜 ” 。 答案： have stayed up 2 ． ( 湖北高考 )He looks sleepy. He must___________ ( 熬 夜了 )last night, writing the essay.(stay) 3 ． ( 湖北高考 )It's said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _________________ ( 不可能做到 )because the ocean in between is too wide.(do) 答案： can't/couldn't have done so/it/this/that 1 ． (2011· 黄石调考 )Bad luck! But for my illness, I__________________________ ( 一定在为你送行 ) at the airport now. (see) 答案： must be seeing you off 2 ． (2011· 湖北部分重点中学联考 )The road outside is wet. It ________________________________ ( 准是一直在下雨 ) last night. (rain) 答案： must have been raining 3 ． (2011· 黄冈中学二模 )My bicycle isn't where I put it. Who ________________________ ( 可能移动 )? (move) 答案： could/might/can have moved 4 ． (2011· 襄阳调考 )It is already 12∶30 now, but Dad hasn't come back. He ________________________ ( 肯定遇到 ) the traffic jam on his way home. (catch) 答案： must have been/got caught in 5 ． (2011· 湖北省部分重点中学联考 ) I was on the highway when a car passed me followed by a police car. It ____________________ ( 肯定一直在 ) driving at least 150 miles per hour.(must) 答案： must have been 6 ． (2011· 宜昌模拟 )Based on the real story, the film ________________ ( 肯定会受到 …… 的欢迎 ) the audience all over the country when it is shown. (must) 答案： must be popular with 7 ． (2011· 荆州质检 )—Everyone in my class has passed the exam. —Oh, really? It ________________________ ( 肯定不难 ). (difficult) 答案： can't/couldn't have been difficult 8 ． (2011· 宜昌模拟 )—It's said that she swam across the river ten years ago. —She ________________________________ ( 不可能做到 ) because she was too young. In addition, the river was over 100 meters wide. (swim) 答案： couldn't have done so/that 9 ． (2011· 荆州模拟 )He ____________________________ ( 该 到了 ) there by now. He left two hours ago and it's only a 20 minutes walk.(arrive) 答案： should/ought to have arrived 10 ． (2011· 黄冈模拟 )—How are you getting along in America? —Quite well, but some friends of mine are still telling me I ________________________ ( 不该搬到 ) this country . (should) 答案： shouldn't have moved to 11 ． (2011· 咸宁模拟 )She must ____________________ ( 熬 夜了 ) late last night. She keeps yawning during the lesson.(stay) 答案： have stayed up 12 ． (2011· 黄石模拟 )The government official has told the villagers that in no case ____________________ ( 他允许 ) them to go hungry. (should) 答案： should he allow 13 ． (2011· 孝感模拟 )—It was wise of Jim to give me back my money. —If not, he ____________________ ( 可能被起诉 ) ． (accuse) 答案： could have been accused 14 ． (2011· 宜昌模拟 )He chose to teach in a western province, though he ____________________ ( 可以留下 ) in Wuhan City for a better life. (stay) 答案： could have stayed 15 ． (2011· 武汉质检 )—He needn't____________________ ( 带伞 ) ． —But he didn't know it would turn fine. (take) 答案： have taken a/the umbrella