【英语】2018届二轮复习阅读理解练与析（含详细解析）学案（37页）

【英语】2018届二轮复习阅读理解练与析（含详细解析）学案（37页）

‎2018届二轮复习 阅读理解练与析 ‎（Ⅰ）【2016·新课标全国卷I】‎ A You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?‎ Jane Addams (1860-1935)‎ Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.‎ Rachel Carson (1907-1964)‎ If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.‎ Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)‎ When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford ‎ Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.‎ Rosa Parks (1913-2005)‎ On December 1. 1995, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.‎ ‎21. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?‎ A. Her social work.‎ B. Her teaching skills.‎ C. Her efforts to win a prize.‎ D. Her community background.‎ 答案：A 解析：信息概括题。根据第二段 “…a social worker” 可明显得出答案，故A正确。‎ ‎22. What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?‎ A. Her lack of proper training in law.‎ B. Her little work experience in court.‎ C. The discrimination against women.‎ D. The poor financial conditions.‎ 答案：C 解析：细节题。根据第四段 “She could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.” 可知，原因在于对女性的歧视，故C正确。‎ ‎23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?‎ A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson.‎ C. Sandra Day O’Connor D. Rosa Parks.‎ 答案：D 解析：细节题。根据第五段 “…kicked off the civil-rights movement” 可知，Rosa Park推动了民权运动，故D正确。‎ ‎24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?‎ A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.‎ C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers. ‎ 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句 “Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize”；第三段第一句 “If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environment movement might not exist today”；第四段第二句 “… the first woman to join the U.S Supreme Court”；最后一段第三句 “… kicked off the civil-rights movement”，可知，四位女性都是历史上的先锋，故C正确。‎ B Grandparents Answer a Call As a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away. Even when her daughter and her son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms. Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.‎ No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are ‎ moving closer to their children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama’s mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study, grandparents.com, 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson’s decision will influence grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.‎ ‎“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough, fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christiane Crosby, publisher of Graza magazine for grandparents. “We now realize how important family is and how important to be near them, especially when you’re raising children.”‎ Moving is not for everyone. Although every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling but giving up the life you know may be harder.‎ 25. ‎ Why was Garza’s move a success?‎ A. It strengthened her family ties.‎ B. It improved her living conditions.‎ C. It enabled her to make more friends.‎ D. It helped her know more places.‎ 答案：A 解析：细节题。定位首段末句由“Today all three generations regard the move a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities”可知答案。‎ 25. What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson’s decision?‎ A. 17% expressed their support for it.‎ B. Few people responded sympathetically.‎ C. 32% believed it had a bad influence.‎ D. The majority suggested it was a trend.‎ 答案：D 解析：细节题。定位第二段，由“83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson’s decision will influence grandparents in the American family. ”可知，约83%的人认为Mrs. Robinson的决定会影响美国的很多祖父母，说明不是17%而是83%的人支持，排除A；B选项文中未提及；83%的人支持，说明认为有很坏影响的人占的比例不可能超过17%；D选项符合文意。‎ 26. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?‎ A. They were unsure of themselves.‎ B. They were eager to raise more children.‎ C. They wanted to live away from their parents.‎ D. They had little experiences for their grandparents.‎ 答案：C 解析：推断题。由第三段首句“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough, fast enough to prove we could do it on our own”可推断20世纪60年代的时候，人们想要离开家去证明自己的能力但现实并不允许，心里其实是想离开家的，C选项正确。‎ 28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph? ‎ A. Make the decisions in the best interest of their own.‎ B. Ask their children to pay more visits to them.‎ C. Sacrifice for their struggling children.‎ D. Get to know themselves better.‎ 答案：A 解析：推断题。由最后一段“but sometimes it is wiser to say no ‎ and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling but giving up the life you know may be harder”可知有时候对祖父母来说，和孩子孙子们住在一起并非就是好的选择，反而不住在一起而是频繁去探访子孙会更好，因为这样就不需要改变祖父母自己熟知的生活方式，由此可推测出作者的建议祖父母是否搬去和子孙一起住最好从祖父母的需求出发，选择A。‎ C I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I’ve done 89 trips – of those, 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞） in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor（捐献者） to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check - in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you - there are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are urgently ‎ needed for a patient - please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed（改道） me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled. ‎ ‎ For this courier job, you’re consciously aware that in that box you’ve got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.‎ ‎29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1?‎ A. provider B. delivery man C. collector D. medical doctor 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段第二行 carry stem cells 可知，作者是运送细胞的人，所以选择B选项，delivery man。‎ ‎30. Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?‎ A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.‎ B. The donor can only wait for that long.‎ C. The operation needs that much time.‎ D. The ice won’t last any longer.‎ 答案：D 解析：细节题。从第一段第三行“because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last. ”可以知道选择D选项，“the ice won’t last any longer.” ‎ ‎31. Which fight did the woman put Peter on first?‎ A. To London. B. To Newark.‎ C. To Providence. D. To Washington.‎ 答案：B 解析：细节题。由原文第三段倒数第二行“re-routed me through Newark”可知，答案选B。‎ D The meaning of silence carries among culture groups. Silence may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or, worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.‎ Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of ‎ communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.‎ Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority, persons in Asian culture may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.‎ Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding ‎ to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.‎ ‎32. What does the author say about silence in conversations?‎ A. It implies anger.‎ B. It promotes friendship.‎ C. It is culture-specific D. It is content-based 答案：C 解析：推测题。原文定位第一段, 可以得知A选项不全面，沉默不只代表一个意思；同理，可排除B选项；此段反复强调“Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups…”，“ Persons in other cultural groups value…” 可得知，沉默在不同文化中的意义是不同的，而不是根据对话内容变化的，由此可以排出D，得出正确答案C。‎ ‎33. Which of the following people might consider silence as a call for careful thought?‎ A. The Chinese. B. The French.‎ C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians.‎ 答案：A 解析：细节题。题干的意思是“在哪国人的文化中，‎ 沉默代表要求对方仔细考虑？”定位第二段“ Therefore…person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.” 中文意思为，在中国和泰国文化中，silence代表说话人想在继续会话之前让倾听者考虑他说过的话。所以可以得出答案A。‎ ‎34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?‎ A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.‎ B. Break it while treating patients.‎ C. Evaluate its harm to patients.‎ D. Make use of its healing effects.‎ 答案：D 解析：细节题。对应文章最后一段。答案可以在段落主题句中可以分析出来—第一句和最后一句。尤其是最后一句“ A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients…”作者认为，了解沉默的治愈价值有助于更好地照顾病人。所以，是建议护士利用沉默的治愈价值的。而A，B选项出现在第2句so that后面的部分。用了否定词not，是作者所不建议的。C选项在文中并未提及。‎ ‎35. What may be the best title for the text? ‎ A. Sound and Silence ‎ B. What it means to be silent ‎ C. Silence to Native Americans ‎ D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold ‎ 答案：B 解析：主旨题。文章为总分的结构，可从第一段入手。定位文章第一句 “The meaning of silence caries among culture groups.” 即可得知全篇都在讲沉默代表的意义，不同的文化意义不同。文中并没提到声音与沉默的关系，所以不选A；文章讲了不同国家沉默代表的意义，不局限于Native Americans，排除C；而D 选项是一句谚语，“说话是银，沉默是金”，文章并没有对比两者的重要性。因此只能选B。‎ ‎（Ⅱ）‎ ‎【2015·新课标全国卷I】‎ A Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except August.Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book.They end around 21：00.‎ November_7th The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis.James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building.Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”．‎ December_5th Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker.Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London's ice trade grew.‎ February_6th An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne.The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer.We will have a report on the present state of play.‎ March_6th Eyots and AitsThames Islands, by Miranda Vickers.The Thames had many islands.Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.She will tell us about those of greatest interest.‎ Online bookings：www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book More info：www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson London Canal Museum ‎1213 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT www.canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobi Tel：020 77130836‎ ‎【试题分析】　文章主要介绍了在伦敦运河博物馆每个月的讲座安排。内容包括讲座的时间、做讲座的人以及讲座内容的简介。‎ ‎1. When is the talk on James Brindley?‎ ‎ A．February 6th.　　　B．March 6th.‎ ‎ C．November 7th. D．December 5th.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.”所对应的日期“November 7th”。故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎2. What is the topic of the talk in February?‎ ‎ A．The Canal Pioneers.‎ ‎ B．Ice for the Metropolis ‎ C．Eyots and AitsThames Islands ‎ D．An Update on the Cotsword Canals 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“February 6th”中的第一句“An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne.The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.”可以得出答案。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎3. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.‎ ‎ A．Miranda Vickers B．Malcolm Tucker ‎ C．Chris Lewis D．Liz Payne 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句“Eyots and AitsThames Islands, by Miranda Vickers.”可以知道做报告的人是Mirands Vickers。故选A。‎ 答案：A B The freezing Northeast hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time ‎ this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”．I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees.When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best particularly to my taste, dulled by months of coldweather root vegetables was a 7 a．m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call.‎ ‎ The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7：00 am to 1 pm, rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets.Baskets of perfect red strawberries, the redpainted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes.‎ Disappointed by many a broken, vineripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, I've refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home，they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown's Grove Farm's stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.These were the real deal and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back ‎ home in New York.I wouldn't be experiencing again for months.‎ ‎ Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown's Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where luckily for me.I was planning to have dinner that night.Without even seeing the menu, I knew I'd be ordering every tomato on it.‎ ‎【试题分析】　文章讲述了作者生活在冬天寒冷的纽约，当有一个到佛罗里达州萨拉索塔一周的机会，作者体验到不同的冬天。‎ ‎4. What did the author think of her winter life in New York?‎ A．Exciting. B．Boring.‎ C．Relaxing. D．Annoying.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“The freezing Northeast hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter，”可以推测出作者在纽约冬天的生活是令人厌烦的。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎5．What made the author's getting up late early worthwhile?‎ ‎ A．Having a swim.‎ ‎ B．Breathing in fresh air.‎ ‎ C．Walking in the morning sun.‎ ‎ D．Visiting a local farmer's market.‎ ‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“dulled by months of coldweather root vegetables was a 7 a．m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call.”可知作者早上7点到农产品市场是有意义的。可知选D。‎ 答案：D ‎6. What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?‎ ‎ A．They are soft. B．They look nice.‎ ‎ C．They taste great. D．They are juicy.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句“No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.”可知，纽约的西红柿在商店里看起来是很吸引人的。可知选B。‎ 答案：B ‎7．What was the author going to that evening?‎ ‎ A．Go to a farm.‎ ‎ B．Check into a hotel.‎ ‎ C．Eat in a restaurant.‎ ‎ D．Buy fresh vegetable.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段尤其倒数第一二句可知，作者晚上计划在餐馆吃饭，并且点西红柿。故选C。‎ 答案：C C Salvador Dali (19041989) was one of the most popular of modern artists.The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.Among the works and masterworks on exhibition，the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.There is also L'Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist's showman qualities.‎ The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and meet with the beginning, the world of birth.The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.‎ The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限)．“From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus：amazing Flemish ‎ accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museumtheatre in Figueras，” explains the Pompidou Centre.‎ The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg.‎ ‎【试题分析】　本文主要介绍了最受欢迎的现代艺术及萨尔瓦多·达利的艺术作品在巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心展览的细节。‎ ‎8．Which of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1?‎ A．Optimistic. B．Productive.‎ C．Generous. D．Traditional.‎ ‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.”可知达利作品是多产的。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎9．What is Dali's The Persistence of Memory considered to be?‎ ‎ A．One of his masterworks.‎ ‎ B．A successful screen adaptation.‎ ‎ C．An artistic creation for the stage.‎ ‎ D．One of the beat TV programmes.‎ ‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.可知The Persistence of Memory”是他的杰作之一。故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎10. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?‎ A．By popularity. B．By importance.‎ C．By size and shape. D．By time and subject.‎ ‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.”可知展览是根据时间和主题安排的。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎11. What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to? ‎ ‎ A．Artworks. B．Projects.‎ C．Donations. D．Documents.‎ ‎ 解析：词义推测题。根据文章最后一段“The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spian, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg.”可以推测出contribution为“艺术作品”之一。故选A。‎ 答案：A D Conflict is on the menu tonight at the café La Chope.This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France's favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”．Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.It isn't always easy.They customers who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per sessioncare quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect.“You are forbidden to say ‘one feels，’ or ‘people think’，”Lehanne told them.“Say ‘I think，’ ‘Think me’．”‎ A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn't seem more unFrench.But Lehanne's psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It's trying to help the city's troubled neighborhood ‎ cafes.Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestylelonger working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home.Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.‎ ‎ The city's psychology cafes, which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places.Middleaged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about lovers, anger, and dreams with a psychologist.And they come to Lehanne's group just to learn to say what they feel.“There's a strong need in Paris for communication”， says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as religious instructor in a nearby church.“People have few real friends.And they need to open up” Lehanne says she'd like to see psychology cafes all over France.“If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn't exist”， she says，“If life weren't a battle, people wouldn't need a special place just to speak.But them, it wouldn't be France.”‎ ‎【试题分析】　文章主要讲述了法国精神咖啡馆(psychology cafes)的社会意义和功能特色，以及在法国越来越受欢迎。‎ ‎12. What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?‎ ‎ A．Learn a new subject.‎ ‎ B．Keep in touch with friends.‎ ‎ C．Show off their knowledge.‎ ‎ D．Express their true feelings.‎ ‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.”可知在La Chope咖啡馆鼓励人们表达他们真正的情感。故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎13. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?‎ ‎ A．They are less frequently visited.‎ ‎ B．They stay open for longer hours.‎ ‎ C．They have bigger night crowds.‎ ‎ D．They start to serve fast food.‎ ‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestylelonger working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home.”可知改变了年轻一代更多时间呆在家里。故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎14. What are theme cafes expected to do?‎ ‎ A．Create more jobs.‎ ‎ B．Supply better drinks.‎ ‎ C．Save the cafe business.‎ ‎ D．Serve the neighborhood.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.”可以得出答案。故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎15. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?‎ ‎ A．They bring people true friendship.‎ ‎ B．They give people spiritual support.‎ ‎ C．They help people realize their dreams.‎ ‎ D．They offer a platform for business links.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后两句话“If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn't exist，” she says, “If life weren't a battle, people wouldn't need a special place just to speak.but them, it wouldn't be France.”可知心理咖啡馆在巴黎受欢迎的原因在于他们给予人们精神上的支持。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎（Ⅲ）‎ ‎【2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ 】‎ A Some people will do just about anything to save money.And I am one of them.Take my family's last vacation.It was my sixyearold son's winter break form school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a week long trip.The flight was overbooked, and Delta,‎ ‎ the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.I have a meeting in New York，So I had to get back.But that didn't mean my husband and my son couldn't stay.I took my ninemonthold and took off for home.‎ The next day my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight.Yes, I encouraged—okay, ordered them to wait it out at the airport, to “earn” more Delta Dollars.Our total take：$1，600.Not bad, huh?‎ Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a bigtime bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar.And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.‎ I've made living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide.And I really do what I believe in.I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money's worth.I'm also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants.But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut.It keeps its longer, and it's the first thing people notice.And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture.Quality lasts.‎ ‎【试题分析】　本文主要通过讲述作者和家人乘坐飞机的故事，阐明了作者对于花钱购物等的态度和认识。在作者看来，我们在花钱的时候要精打细算，理智消费。‎ ‎1. Why did Delta give the author's family credits?‎ A．They took a later flight.‎ B．They had early bookings.‎ C．Their flight had been delayed.‎ D．Their flight had been cancelled.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的第五句可知，飞机票被超量预订，所以航空公司给了他们一些赔偿让他们放弃自己的座位第二天再走，故选A项。‎ 答案：A ‎2. What can we learn about the author?‎ A．She rarely misses a good deal.‎ B．She seldom makes a compromise.‎ C．She is very strict with her children.‎ D．She is interested in cheap products.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句可知，‎ 几乎没有人能拒绝得了一个好的交易，而从作者之前的经历来看，她也深知钱的价值，故答案为A。‎ 答案：A ‎3. What does the author do?‎ A．She's a teacher.‎ B．She's a housewife.‎ C．She's a media person.‎ D．She's a business woman.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第一段第二句“I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.”可知，作者是NBC的一名记者，即从事媒体职业，故选C项。‎ 答案：C ‎4. What does the author want to tell us?‎ A．How to expose bad tricks.‎ B．How to reserve airline seats.‎ C．How to spend money wisely.‎ D．How to make a business deal.‎ 解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，‎ 本文主要通过作者自己的亲身经历，引出了作者对消费的认识，我们在消费时应该理智，要考虑所购买的东西是否是值得的。‎ 答案：C B The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert (警觉)．Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus until a third, with three black spots, is presented.Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?‎ Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb, a key, an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number ‎ changed from two to three, or three to two.The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two；likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.‎ ‎【试题分析】　本文主要介绍了研究人员通过卡片或者击鼓等途径来检验婴儿对于数字变化的敏感程度。结果表明，当婴儿发现数字比较多的时候，就会更加关注或变得更加兴奋。‎ ‎5. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby's________．‎ A．sense of hearing. B．sense of sight.‎ C．sense of touch. D．sense of smell.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“She stares at it carefully.”可知，婴儿目不转睛地盯着看，故研究人员的研究与婴儿的视觉有关。‎ 答案：B ‎6. Babies are sensitive to the change in________．‎ A．the size of cards.‎ B．the colour of pictures.‎ C．the shape of patterns.‎ D．the number of objects.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第六句“As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze starts to lose its focusuntil a third，with three black spots，is presented.”可知，随着卡片上黑点的变化，婴儿的视线也发生了变化，表明婴儿对于数字的变化比较敏感。‎ 答案：D ‎7. Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?‎ A．To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.‎ B．To see how babies recognize sounds.‎ C．To carry their experiment further.‎ D．To keep the babies' interest.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two...”可知，研究人员又做了击鼓的实验，发现婴儿的听觉对数字变化也同样敏感，其目的是更加深入地研究婴儿对于数字的敏感程度，故选C项。‎ 答案：C ‎8. Where does this text probably come from?‎ A．Science fiction. B．Children's literature.‎ C．An advertisement. D．A science report.‎ 解析：推理判断题。通读全文，并结合多次提到的experiments和researchers等词可推断，研究人员做了一个检验婴儿对于数字变化的敏感度的实验，故可推断本文为一篇科学报道。A项“科幻小说”、B项“儿童文学”和C项“广告”均与本文内容不符。‎ 答案：D C It happened to me recently.I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama's Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President.A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was ，in his words, “a brilliantly(精彩地)written book”．However, he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.‎ And it seems that my friend is not the only one.Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven't.In the World Book Day's “Report on Guilty Secrets”， Dreams From My Father is at number 9.The report lists ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading, and as I'm not one to lie too often ‎ (I'd hate to be caught out )，I'll admit here and now that I haven't read the entire top ten.But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of people, I have read the book at number one, George Orwell's 1984.I think it's really brilliant.‎ The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it.It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoevsky(I haven't read him, but haven't lied about it either )and Herman Melville.‎ Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to.This could be tricky if the conversation became more indepth!‎ But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J．k.Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella (ah, the big sellers, in other words)．Fortytwo percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story(I'll come clean: I do this and I am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so)．‎ ‎【试题分析】　世界读书日的一个调查报告表明：有些人撒谎说他们读过某本书，其实他们根本没有读。他们撒谎的主要是给别人留下深刻的印象。‎ ‎9. How did the author find his friend a book liar?‎ A．By judging his manner of speaking.‎ B．By looking into his background.‎ C．By mentioning a famous name.‎ D．By discussing the book itself.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was，in his words，“a brilliant written book”．However，he then went on to talk about Mr.Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.然后他继续以一种能暗示出他对奥巴马背景一无所知的方式继续谈论奥巴马，可知作者跟他的朋友谈论有关奥巴马的那本书，发现朋友对奥巴马的背景一无所知，这暗示出朋友其实并没有读过这本书，他对奥巴马的背景一点都不知晓，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎10. Which of the following is a “guilty secret” according to the World Book Day report?‎ A．Charles Dickens is very low on the topten list.‎ B．42% of people pretended to have read 1984.‎ C．The author admitted having read 9 books.‎ D．Dreams From My Father is hardly read.‎ 解析：细节理解题。本题的关键词是guilty secret，‎ 定位第二、三段。根据文章第三段可知，不像百分之四十二的人那样，我很高兴地说，我读过排在第一位的George Orwell's 1984。由此可知，作者读过这本书，而百分之四十二的人却没读过。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎11. By lying about reading, a person hopes to______________.‎ A．control the conversation B．appear knowledgeable C．learn about the book D．make more friends 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段“当被问及为什么撒谎的时候，最普遍的理由是想给正在说话的人留下深刻的印象”可知，人们之所以选择撒谎是想让对方觉得自己知识渊博，从而给对方留下一个好的印象，故B正确。‎ 答案：B ‎12. What is the author's attitude to 58% of readers?‎ A．Favorable B．Uncaring C．Doubtful D．Friendly 解析：态度推断题。根据第五段话最后一句“我很惊讶58%‎ 的人说他们从来没这么做过”，表明作者态度的词是astomished。选项中与此词意义接近的答案便是C项。‎ 答案：C D The National Gallery Description：‎ ‎ The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of European art ranging from 13thcentury religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance Layout.‎ The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13thto 15thcentury paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.‎ The main West Wing houses 16thcentury paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronest.‎ The North Wing houses 17thcentury paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and ‎ Vermeer.‎ The East Wing houses 18thto early 20thcentury paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh Opening Hours：‎ The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10am to 9pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.‎ Getting There：‎ Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2minute walk)．Leicester Square (3minute walk), Embankment (7minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus(8minute walk)．‎ ‎【试题分析】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国国家美术馆的展品以及这个展馆的布置、开馆的时间等情况。‎ ‎13．In which century's collection can you see religious paintings?‎ ‎ A．The 13th B．The 17th C．The 18th D．The 20th 解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的ranging from 13thcentury religious paintings to...可知人们可以在这里看到13世纪的宗教图画。B、C、D三项中的图画都没有涉及religious这个词。‎ 答案：A ‎14. Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown?‎ ‎ A．In the East Wing.‎ B．In the main West Wing.‎ C．In the Sainsbury Wing.‎ D．In the North Wing.‎ 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的The main West Wing houses 16thcentury paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci...可知，达·芬奇的作品可以在the main West Wing中看到，因此选B。其他几个地方都没有展出达·芬奇的画。‎ 答案：B ‎15．Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?‎ A．Piccadilly Circus. ‎ B．Leicester Square.‎ C．Embankment. ‎ D．Charing Cross.‎ ‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross(2minute walk)．..可知，Charing Cross 离国家美术馆只有步行2分钟的路程，其他几个地方离国家美术馆的距离都比Charing Cross远。‎ 答案：D