湖南省五市十校2020届高三上学期联考英语试题

湖南省五市十校2020届高三上学期联考英语试题

湖南省五市十校2019年下学期高三年级第二次联考试题 英语试题 本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案涂黑。如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎3. 考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小 题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例：How much is the shirt?‎ A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.‎ 答案是C。‎ ‎1. What does the girl say Wi-Fi should be used for?‎ A. Studying. B. Playing games. C. Watching movies.‎ ‎2. What is the man looking for?‎ A. His keys. B. His wallet. C. His notebook.‎ ‎3. What will the man do next?‎ A. Wash plates. B. Turn off the water. C. Clean up the kitchen floor.‎ ‎4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?‎ A. In a library. B. In a classroom. C. In a computer store.‎ ‎5. Why does the woman want to lose weight?‎ A. She wants to be thinner than her sister.‎ B. She will attend a wedding.‎ C. She's getting married.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。‎ ‎6. What does the man say about the flat?‎ A. It is unfurnished.‎ B. It is on the second floor.‎ C. It is near the public transportation.‎ ‎7. What will the woman do next?‎ A. Check her schedule. B. Go to see the flat. C. Wait until further notice.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。‎ ‎8. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?‎ A. Husband and wife. B. Boss and secretary. C. Teacher and student.‎ ‎9 How does the woman feel about Harry?‎ A. Annoyed. B. Relieved. C. Worried.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What does the woman mainly mention about her brother?‎ A. His good friends. B. His army life. C. His great change.‎ ‎11. Why did the woman’s brother beat his dog?‎ A. It bit him. B. It didn't listen to him. C. It made his room dirty.‎ ‎12. What does the woman ask the man to do?‎ A. Give her some advice.‎ B. Visit a stranger with her.‎ C. Have a talk with her brother. ‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. When did the man begin feeling sick?‎ A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Friday.‎ ‎14. What is the matter with the man?‎ A. He gets flu. B. He has a fever. C. He catches a cold.‎ ‎15. What does the man decide to do?‎ A. Drink vegetable tea. B. Dance around. C. See another doctor.‎ ‎16. What do we know about the man?‎ A. He can't give the speech due to his sickness.‎ B. He takes the medicine four times a day.‎ C. He is too busy to have a rest these days.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?‎ A. Entertainment activities.‎ B. Sports competitions.‎ C. TV programs.‎ ‎18. What time is it now?‎ A. 8：20 a. m. B. 8：40 a. m. C. 9：00 a. m.‎ ‎19. What is the weather like today?‎ A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.‎ ‎20. What do we know about the movie?‎ A. It needs no tickets. B. It is in the Ship's Gym. C. It is on at 9 :00 p. m.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A The BBC Documentary is divided into three categories: BBC Nature, BBC History and BBC Technology. For documentary lovers, it’s a great pleasure in life to enjoy the BBC Documentary with a wide range of subjects and excellent productions, whose super wonderful pictures are also a masterpiece of photography.‎ Nile 2004‎ The Nile, the longest river on the earth, spreads through jungles, and finally into the desert. Ancient Egyptians believed that the river had magic power. This ‎ documentary will uncover its mystery—a magnificent territory, which is full of rare animals and extends to the most desolate corners of Africa.‎ Hiroshima 2005‎ It was an important moment in the 20th century when an atomic bomb was launched into Hiroshima, Japan and it was also a scientific, technological, military and political adventure. This documentary, where we can see the Hiroshima street at the moment of disaster, tries to show us the real history and what life is like for the Japanese people who have experienced the atomic bombing.‎ Time Machine 2006‎ Some creatures have to make long-term evolutionary plans in order to survive, but can any creatures live forever? People shorten the growth period of rice regardless of the weather condition, and the modern transportation enables us to reach further areas at a faster speed. But can humans really turn around time? The time machine will introduce scientists' current research on a bug and find out the key to long life.‎ Super Volcano 2005‎ Yellowstone National Park, in fact, where the underground magma is ready to move, is one of the largest craters in the United States. With scientific evidence, reliable prediction and solid research by top geologists, the super volcano eruption is presented to the audience in a dramatic way.‎ ‎1. If you are interested in history, which documentary will suit you well?‎ A. Nile B. Hiroshima C. Time Machine D. Super Volcano ‎2. What can we learn from Time Machine?‎ A. People can turn around time by a time machine.‎ B. People have found a bug which can live a long life.‎ C. People now can travel faster and further in the world.‎ D. Rice now needs less time to grow according to the climate.‎ ‎3. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. Hiroshima suffered from a disaster caused by atomic bombing.‎ B. The Nile spreads into the desert with magic power.‎ C. Yellowstone National Park is about to erupt.‎ D. The BBC Documentary is popular only because of its wide range of subjects.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。英国广播公司有三类纪录片，包括：自然，历史和技术。文章列举了2004——2006年的一些纪录片。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第三段的This documentary, where we can see the Hiroshima street at the moment of disaster, tries to show us the real history and what life is like for the Japanese people who have experienced the atomic bombing.可知Hiroshima主要讲述了日本遭受原子弹的历史事件及该事件对日本人民的影响。由此推测如果对历史感兴趣可以观看该纪录片。故选B项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的the modern transportation enables us to reach further areas at a faster speed.可知现代的交通工具让人们用更快的速度走得更远。C. People now can travel faster and further in the world.（人们现在在世界上可以旅行得更快更远）符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的an atomic bomb was launched into Hiroshima, Japan and it was also a scientific, technological, military and political adventure. This documentary, where we can see the Hiroshima street at the moment of disaster, tries to show us the real history and what life is like for the Japanese people who have experienced the atomic bombing.可知日本广岛遭受了原子弹的袭击，并且目前日本人民还遭受着原子弹爆炸带来的影响。A. Hiroshima suffered from a disaster caused by atomic bombing. （广岛遭受了由原子弹爆炸造成的灾难）符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ B I once heard this tale in India, where it is told as if true—though any naturalist would know it couldn't be. The country is India. A colonial殖民地的official and his wife are giving a large dinner party. They are seated with their guests — army officers ‎ and their wives, and a visiting American naturalist.‎ A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says women have long outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era（时代、年代）3nd an army officer who says they haven’t. “A woman’s reaction in any crisis," the officer says, “is to scream. And while a man may feel like it, he has that ounce more of control than a woman has. ”‎ The American scientist does not join in the argument but sits and watches the faces of the other guests. As he stares, he sees a slight strange expression come over the face of the hostess. She gestures to the servant standing behind her chair and whispers to him. The servant's eyes widen. He turns quickly and leaves the room. Of the guests, none except the American notices this or sees the servant place a bowl of milk on the balcony just outside the open glass doors.‎ The American understands. In India, milk in a bowl means only one thing: bait （诱饵）for a snake. He realizes there must be a cobra in the room. The American’s eyes move across the room but he sees nothing. He realizes the snake can only be in one place—under the table.‎ His first reaction is to jump back and warn the others. But he knows any sudden movement will frighten the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the tone of his voice so arresting that it quietens everyone. “I want to know just what control everyone at this table has. I will count three hundred—that's five minutes — and not one of you is to move a muscle. Now, ready!”‎ The 20 people sit like stone images while he counts. He is saying " two hundred and eighty. . . ” when, out of the corner of his eye, he sees the snake emerge and make for the bowl of milk. Four or five screams ring out as he jumps to slam the balcony doors.‎ ‎“There is your proof!" the host exclaims. “A man has just shown us perfect self-control. ”‎ ‎“Just a minute" the American says, turning to his hostess, “How did you know ‎ that cobra was in the room?"‎ With a faint smile coming across her face she replies: "Because it was lying across my foot. ”‎ ‎4. From the passage we can conclude that .‎ A. women are afraid of mice B. the army officer's opinion is quite wrong C. the American suggests playing a game for entertainment D. the hostess has had previous experience addressing snakes ‎5. Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.‎ a. The American's eyes sweep the room but he sees nothing.‎ b. The American suggests the guests playing a game.‎ c. Following the instructions, the servant puts out some milk.‎ d. The hostess is staring ahead, a slight weird look appearing.‎ e. The American shuts the balcony doors safely, and several screams are let out.‎ f. The snake edges its way to the bowl of milk.‎ A. d,c,a,b,f,e B. a,b,c,e,f,d C. d,f,a,b,e,c D. f,e,c,a,d,b ‎6. Who has real self-control according to the passage?‎ A. The American. B. The army officer.‎ C. The girl. D. The hostess.‎ ‎7. What may be the best title for the passage?‎ A. A Heated Argument B. A Striking Dinner Party C. An Unbelievable Story D. A Smart Hostess ‎【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一场关于男人是否比女人勇敢的激励讨论，该讨论以一条蛇的意外出现及男士和女士对此不同的应对方式而结束。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的A woman’s reaction in any crisis," the officer says, “is to scream. And while a man may feel like it, he has that ounce more of control than ‎ a woman has.和最后一段的With a faint smile coming across her face she replies: "Because it was lying across my foot. ”可知一个长官觉得男士比女士更勇敢，可是当蛇出现时女主人镇定自若，由此推测长官的观点不对的。B. the army officer's opinion is quite wrong（这个军事长官的观点非常不正确）符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的he sees a slight strange expression come over the face of the hostess.和the servant place a bowl of milk on the balcony just outside the open glass doors.第四段的The American’s eyes move across the room but he sees nothing.第五段的“I want to know just what control everyone at this table has.倒数第四段的out of the corner of his eye, he sees the snake emerge and make for the bowl of milk. Four or five screams ring out as he jumps to slam the balcony doors.可知女主人听到那样的话后脸上有了奇怪的表情，仆人遵照她的暗示拿来了一碗牛奶在阳台，美国人看了屋子却没有发现蛇，但是他不敢有大的动作，所以建议大家玩一个游戏，在他数数时蛇出现了并且向牛奶的方向爬去，他去关门时好几个人都尖叫起来。故正确顺序为d,c,a,b,f,e。故选A项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的With a faint smile coming across her face she replies: "Because it was lying across my foot. ”可知尽管蛇就在女主人的脚上，但她很镇定。故推测她是最有自控力的人。故选D项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据本文的主要内容，尤其是第一段的A colonial official and his wife are giving a large dinner party. They are seated with their guests — army officers and their wives, and a visiting American naturalist.可知本文主要讲述了，在晚宴时候正当大家在讨论男士和女士谁更勇敢时，一条蛇出现，以及大家当时的反应，整个晚宴过程都是惊心动魄的。B. A Striking Dinner Party（引人注目的晚宴）可以作为本篇标题，故选B项。‎ C Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available. While they sound efficient and cost-saving, a recent study reports that they are not effective, primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them.‎ The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive （认知的）behavioral therapy （‎ ‎ CBT） and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor.‎ Traditional CBT is considered an effective form of talk therapy（治疗）for depression, helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors. However, online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.‎ A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized（随机的）control trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across England. The patients were split into three groups: one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs. Participants were balanced across the three groups for age, sex, educational background, severity and duration of depression, and use of antidepressants（抗抑郁药）.‎ After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.‎ ‎“It's an important, cautionary note that we shouldn't get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists, says Christopher Dowrick, a professor of primary medical care at the University of Liverpool. “We do still need the human touch or the human interaction, particularly when people are depressed. ”‎ Being depressed can mean feeling “lost in your own small, negative, dark world," Dowrick says. Having a person, instead of a computer, reach out to you is particularly important in combating that sense of isolation. “When you’re emotionally vulnerable (脆弱的),you're even more in need of a caring human being," he says.‎ ‎8. Why has online CBT programs been increasingly popular?‎ A. Because of their effectiveness in fighting depression.‎ B. Because of their easy and inexpensive access by patients.‎ C. Because of their recommendation by primary care doctors.‎ D. Because of their attraction of changing mood and behavior.‎ ‎9. What is the conclusion of the experiment done by researchers at the University of York?‎ A. Online CBT programs are as ineffective as regular care from physicians.‎ B. The combination of traditional CBT and computerized CBT is most effective.‎ C. The online programs are more advanced than regular care from physicians.‎ D. Online CBT programs have no advantages over regular care from physicians.‎ ‎10. Which of the following statement can best convey Professor Dowrick's advice on online programs?‎ A. Their use should be encouraged by doctors.‎ B. They should not be ignored in primary care.‎ C. Their effectiveness should not be overestimated(高估).‎ D. They should be used to help people touch these patients.‎ ‎11. What is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?‎ A. A positive state of mind. B. An appropriate therapy.‎ C. An advanced CBT program. D. A caring human being.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。近年来在线CBT因为价格便宜、随时可以进行治疗而受到抑郁患者的青睐，但最新实验研究发现在线CBT并没有显著效果，抑郁患者最好通过传统CBT来进行治疗。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.可知在线CBT变得受欢迎，主要因为价格低并且只要有电脑的地方都可以进行。B. Because of their easy and inexpensive access by patients.（因为对于病人来说它们很容易获得，而且便宜）符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.可知相较于使用传统CBT患者，使用在线CBT治疗 病人的病情没有得到任何改善D. Online CBT programs have no advantages over regular care from physicians.（和医生常规护理相比，在线CBT项目没有优势）符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的“It's an important, cautionary note that we shouldn't get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists, 和We do still need the human touch or the human interaction, particularly when people are depressed可知Christopher Dowrick认为人们不应该被计算机系统可以取代医生和医师治疗抑郁症的想法冲昏头脑，人们仍然需要人与人之间的接触和互动，尤其时当人们感到沮丧时。故推测Christopher Dowrick认为在线CBT的效果不如传统方式。C. Their effectiveness should not be overestimated(高估).（它们的效果不应该被高估）符合以上推测，故选C项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“When you’re emotionally vulnerable (脆弱的),you're even more in need of a caring human being," he says.可知人们在情感脆弱时更需要一个关心的人类。D. A caring human being.（一个关心的人类）符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ D It's natural for parents to praise their children, but offering this praise could actually backfire, according to new science.‎ In the study, researchers at Michigan State University looked at 123 children who were about 7. The team assessed the children to determine whether they had a “growth mindset" (believing that you can work harder to get smarter), or a “fixed mindset" (believing that your intelligence is unable to change). They then asked the children to complete a fast-paced computer accuracy task while their brain activity was recorded.‎ Based on the data they collected, the researchers concluded that children with a growth mindset were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error.‎ While previous research has shown that people with a fixed mindset didn't want ‎ to admit they had made a mistake, this study found that children with a fixed mindset were able to — “bounce back” after making an error, but only if they gave their full attention to the mistakes. “The main implication here is that we should pay close attention to our mistakes and use them as opportunities to learn study author Hans Schroder told Science Daily.‎ For parents, the lessons are clear—if a child hands you an A+ test, don't say “You're so smart! ”‎ Instead, say “Wow, that studying really paid off!" or “You clearly mastered this material — way to go!" Note the effort, not the intelligence.‎ Second, focus on using errors to work together and learn. Many teachers and parents avoid addressing children's mistakes, telling them “It's OK. You'll get it next time. . . ” Without giving them the opportunity to figure out what went wrong. Dr. Schroder says, "Instead, it's better to reassure children that mistakes happen, and to pay attention and work to figure out where and how they made the mistakes. ”‎ ‎12. The underlined word “backfire" in Paragraph 1 probably means “ ” .‎ A. make a loud noise B. leave a good impression C. have an opposite result D. produce an explosion ‎13. According to the text, which one belongs to the group who has a “growth mindset" ?‎ A. Tom manages to correct every mistake by heart.‎ B. Mary believes her mistakes are made by chance.‎ C. John keeps an idea that he has a good gift for studying.‎ D. Lily thinks she can get A+ without any effort.‎ ‎14. If your child gets the best mark in the test, you should .‎ A. praise him with some delicious food and money B. comment him to be cleverer than other students C. confirm his effort that he has made for the test D. believe that he is an honest and smart child ‎15. What should parents do with the child's mistakes from Dr. Schroder?‎ A. Parents should avoid talking with child about his mistakes.‎ B. Parents should compare his mistakes with others' and criticize him.‎ C. Parents should ignore the mistakes and believe he will do better.‎ D. Parents should analyse the mistakes with their child patiently.‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。研究发现表扬孩子可能造成不好的结果。对于孩子的优秀表现，家长应该肯定他的努力付出得到了回报，而非夸赞他的聪明；对于孩子的错误，要让他明白究竟是什么错了，怎么错的。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 词意猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子It's natural for parents to praise their children, but offering this praise could actually backfire,可知，对于父母来说表扬孩子是很自然的事，但是这种表扬事实上会……，由but可知前后句是转折意义，故推测划线词的意思是“造成不好的结果”。C. have an opposite result（有相反的结果）与推测意义最接近，故选C项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第三段的children with a growth mindset were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error.可知具有成长心态的孩子更有可能在犯错后，并且更有可能通过更加关注他们的错误来改善自己的表现。A. Tom manages to correct every mistake by heart.（汤姆用心纠正自己的错误）符合具有成长心态孩子的特点，故选A项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的Instead, say “Wow, that studying really paid off!" or “You clearly mastered this material — way to go!"可知当孩子考试成绩优异时，家长应该说“你的付出得到了回报”或者“你清楚的掌握了这些知识，继续努力”。C. confirm his effort that he has made for the test（肯定他为考试做出的努力）符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的Instead, it's better to reassure children that ‎ mistakes happen, and to pay attention and work to figure out where and how they made the mistakes. 可知当孩子犯错时，家长最好告诉孩子错误已经发生了，并且和孩子一起弄清楚什么地方错了，如何错的。D. Parents should analyse the mistakes with their child patiently.（父母应该和孩子一起耐心地分析错误）符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Campuses should be safe places for children to learn and develop. However, the movie, Better Days, released on Oct 25 , highlights a serious issue—school bullying. Some experts say people should treat bullying seriously and not regard it as a joke. School bullying involves hurtful words, physical attacks, even sexual violence.‎ ‎___16___In quite a few cases, a child is bullied merely because another sees him/her as being weak in strength or character, and he or she is singled out for violence.‎ That the offenders are just children does not mean bullying is simply high spirits or that the children are just being naughty. ___17___and it does not matter how old the perpetrator（施暴者）of the violence is or what form it takes.‎ It is not helpful for parents and teachers to ignore the matter by saying it is a private affair between the children and they can solve it by themselves. ___18___All violence should be prevented, and the most effective way of preventing bullying on campus is to call the police and let the professionals deal with it. ___19___‎ Bullying is a serious offense. While there may be no visible harm, it can leave invisible scars and wounds that can prove fatal over time. According to data from the United Nations Education, Science, and Culture Organization, over 32 percent of male pupils and 28 per-cent of female pupils suffer from campus violence with many suffering serious emotional and psychological problems as a result. ___20___‎ A. Whether verbal or physical, violence is violence.‎ B. The bullying is only verbal insults and not threats.‎ C. That doesn't happen； instead the bullying becomes worse.‎ D. People even in their 50s or 60s may still suffer the hurt of childhood bullying.‎ E. Sometimes bullying can arise out of a quarrel or conflict, but often it arises ‎ out of nothing.‎ F. Bullying causes injury to health and makes you ill. How many of these symptoms do you have?‎ G. Especially, in China the role of the police is not only to enforce the law, but also to educate the public about punishments for violations.‎ ‎【答案】16. E 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章由一部电影谈到了校园欺凌。校园欺凌的出现很多时候没有任何原因，虽然校园欺凌施暴者的年龄小，但暴力就是暴力，它会给被施暴者造成情感和心理上的长久影响，因此老师和家长都不能忽略这个问题。学生在遇到校园暴力时也要积极向警察寻求帮助。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ E. Sometimes bullying can arise out of a quarrel or conflict, but often it arises out of nothing.（有时欺凌是因为口角或冲突产生的，但很多时候它的产生没有原因）与In quite a few cases, a child is bullied merely because another sees him/her as being weak in strength or character, and he or she is singled out for violence.（在相当多情况下，一个孩子被欺凌仅仅是因为他/她在力量或性格方面软弱，抑或他/她被单独挑出来施暴）承接自然，选项中的but often it arises out of nothing就是下文所提到的内容，故选E项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ A. Whether verbal or physical, violence is violence.（不论是口头的还是身体的，暴力就是暴力）与下文it does not matter how old the perpetrator（施暴者）of the violence is or what form it takes.（施暴者的年龄和暴力形式不重要）承接自然，两句都都是对暴力的定义，故选A项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 上文It is not helpful for parents and teachers to ignore the matter by saying it is a private affair between the children and they can solve it by themselves.（说这是孩子之间的私事，他们可以自己解决，然后家长和老师都忽略这件事是没有任何帮助的）与C. That doesn't happen； instead the bullying becomes worse.（那种事情不会发生，相反欺凌变得更严重了）承接自然，选项中的that就是上文提到的they can solve it by ‎ themselves，故选C项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 上文All violence should be prevented, and the most effective way of preventing bullying on campus is to call the police and let the professionals deal with it.（所有的校园暴力都应该被预防，最有效的预防方式就是报警，让专业人事知道）与G. Especially, in China the role of the police is not only to enforce the law, but also to educate the public about punishments for violations.（尤其在中国，警察的职责不仅是执法，而且还教育公众对违法者的惩罚）承接自然，选项是对上文的进一步陈述，其中police是关键词，故选G项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 上文According to data from the United Nations Education, Science, and Culture Organization, over 32 percent of male pupils and 28 per-cent of female pupils suffer from campus violence with many suffering serious emotional and psychological problems as a result.（根据联合国教科文组织的数据，超过32%的男学生和28%的女学生都遭受过校园暴力，很多人因此遭受严重的情感和心理问题）与D. People even in their 50s or 60s may still suffer the hurt of childhood bullying.（人们甚至在50或者60几岁时可能仍然遭受童年时代欺凌所带来的伤害）承接自然，选项是对上文的进一步说明，两部分都提到了校园欺凌给人带来的深远影响，故选D项。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。‎ Christmas was near a season that we took seriously in our house. But a week or so before the 25th, my father would give each of his children $ 20. This was the 1970s, and $ 20 was quite a bit of money.‎ But I saw it ___21___. My father trusted me to have the ____22____ to spend money wisely. Even better, he gave me the ___23___ to get it. On a very basic level ,my father was giving me a shopping spree（狂欢）every year. But he was also giving me charge over my own fun, trusting my ability to ___24___ money and making me feel like a/an ___25___. He didn't buy me Sherlock Holmes, but he gave me the means to walk ‎ into the bookstore and choose it for myself, so it felt like a gift from him.‎ My mother had a/an___26___for giving me what I needed, usually___27___at the moment I needed it most. This was when I was 25, I ___28___at being an adult on my very first try. I had quitted my ___29___job but had no new one. But when my mother___30___me a visit, I___31___a good show, telling her I had started my own company.‎ My mother knew that I was trying hard and failing at that time. It wasn't until___32___she left that I noticed at the foot of my bed an envelope thick with ____33____. She knew how ___34___ I needed it. She knew that had she just shown up with groceries, or___35___to pay my rent, she would have made me feel much _____36_____ . The cold, hard cash meant she was helping me. And, funnily enough, the___37___with which she gave the gift felt like she was giving me space to ___38___my life and preserve my dignity. My mother and father both did the same thing. One was giving me the means to take my own ___39___ ,and the other was giving me a second ___40___ when those decisions had cost me dearly.‎ ‎21. A. positively B. differently C. naturally D. originally ‎22. A. intelligence B. passion C. power D. potential ‎23. A. courage B. suggestions C. discipline D. means ‎24. A. spend B. carry C. manage D. use ‎25. A. grown-up B. teenager C. adventurer D. pioneer ‎26. A. habit B. gift C. approach D. tradition ‎27. A. approximately B. about C. right D. slightly ‎28 A. failed B. fooled C. dropped D. fell ‎29. A. important B. creative C. challenging D. previous ‎30. A. brought B. suggested C. paid D. gave ‎31. A. put on B. put away C. put off D. put ‎ forward ‎32. A. before B. after C. when D. as ‎33. A. credit B. loans C. receipts D. cash ‎34. A. desperately B. hardly C. eventually D. accurately ‎35. A. attempted B. offered C. promised D. refused ‎36. A. better B. more C. less D. worse ‎37. A. decoration B. love C. distance D. method ‎38. A. defend B. equip C. fix D. develop ‎39. A. actions B. opportunities C. risks D. decisions ‎40. A. solution B. chance C. visit D. assistance ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. C 39. D 40. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者从讲述圣诞节父母给自己的不同礼物，说到父母对自己伟大的、理智的爱让作者在成长的过程中越来越坚强。父亲教会他做决定的方法，母亲在他因所做决定损失惨重时给予帮助，让他再一次拥有机会。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是我的看法不同。A. positively乐观地；B. differently 不同地；C. naturally自然而然地；D. originally最初地。结合上文内容和本句but可知作者并不认为20美元是孩子不能花的巨额现金，故选B项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父亲相信我有明智花钱的智慧。A. intelligence 智慧；B. passion热情；C. power权力；D. potential潜力。由本句的wisely判断此处用“智慧”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更好的是，他教我方法来获得它。A. courage勇气；B. suggestions建议；C. discipline纪律；D. means方法。根据下文的but he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself,可知作者的父亲通过让作者自己选书的方法获得20美元，故此处用“方法”符合语境，且means是原词复现，故选D项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是他让我自己找乐子，相信我有管理钱的能力，并且让我感到自己像一个成人。A. spend花；B. carry 携带；C. manage管理；D. use使用。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者的父亲相信他可以管理好自己的钱，且前文的giving me charge over my own fun也有暗示，charge和manage是同义词复现，故选C项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. grown-up成人；B. teenager 青少年；C. adventurer冒险者；D. pioneer先驱。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者认为可以自己管理钱让他觉得自己长大了，故用“成人”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈在送我东西方面有天赋，她总是在我恰好需要的时刻把东西送给我。A. habit习惯；B. gift天赋，礼物；C. approach途径；D. tradition传统。根据下文的at the moment I needed it most可推测作者的妈妈擅长送礼物，故此处用“有天赋”符合语境，have a gift for在某方面有天赋，故选B项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. approximately 适当地；B. about大约；C. right恰好（表强调）；D. slightly稍微地。结合下文的My mother knew that I was trying hard and failing at that time. It wasn't until___12___she left that I noticed at the foot of my bed an envelope thick with ____13____.可知作者的妈妈在他最需要钱的时候给他送了钱，故此处用“恰好需要”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是我25岁的时候，我作为成人的第一次尝试失败了。A. failed失败；B. fooled愚弄；C. dropped下降；D. fell落下。根据下文的I had quitted my ___9___job but had no new one.可知作者辞去了工作，而且暂时没有新工作，故此处用“失败”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我已经辞去我之前的工作，但是还没有新工作。A. important重要的；B. creative创造性的；C. challenging具有挑战的；D. previous从前的。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者辞掉了从前的工作，故选D项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当妈妈来看我时，我上演了一出好戏，告诉她我已近启动了自己的公司。A. brought带来；B. suggested建议；C. paid支付，付出；D. gave给。此处考查短语pay a visit to sb拜访某人，故选C项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. put on上演；B. put away方在一边，收好；C. put off推迟；D. put forward提出。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者骗妈妈说自己开了公司，故用“上演一出好戏”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查连词词意辨析。句意：直到她离开之后我才发现床脚下有个厚厚的装着现金的信封。A. before在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. when当；D. as当，随着，因为。结合上下文可知，作者的妈妈为了不让他感到尴尬，所以把装钱的信封藏在床脚下，因此推测作者是在妈妈走后才发现的，故选B项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. credit信用卡；B. loans贷款；C. receipts收据；D. cash现金。根据下文的The cold, hard cash meant she was helping me.可知作者的妈妈提供现金来帮助他，故此处用“现金”符合语境，且cash是原词复现，故选D项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她知道我有多迫切地需要那些钱。A. desperately迫切地；B. hardly几乎不；C. eventually最后；D. accurately准确地。根据前文的I had quitted my ___9___job but had no new one.可知作者当时没有工作，所以推测他迫切需要钱，故选A项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她知道，如果她带着东西出现，或者主动为我交房租，她会让我感到更糟糕。A. attempted企图；B. offered主动提出；C. promised 承诺；D. refused拒绝。结合上下文可知，此处是作者假设妈妈主动给他交房租，会让他更难受，offer to do sth主动提出做某事，故选B项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. better更好的；B. more更多的；C. less更少的； D. worse更糟糕的。根据前文的I had quitted my ___9___job but had no new one.可知作者当时没有工作，故推测他心情不好，如果妈妈再帮他交房租，会让他更难受，故选D项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，她给礼物的距离感让我觉得她是在给我空间来修复我的生活和保持我的尊严。A. decoration装饰；B. love爱；C. distance距离；D. method方法。根据前文的The cold, hard cash可知作者认为现金是冰冷无感情的，故推测此处用“距离感”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. defend防御；B. equip配备；C. fix修复；D. develop发展。结合上下文可知作者当时在工作上失败了，故推测妈妈用这样的方式来帮助他，让他觉得有空间调整自己，进而让自己的生活向着好的方向发展，故选C项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个教我自己做决定的方法，另一个在我因所做决定损失惨重时给予帮助，让我再一次拥有机会。A. actions行为；B. opportunities机会；C. risks风险；D. decisions决定。根据前文的he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself可知在买书时父亲让作者自己决定买哪些书，故此处用“做决定”符合文意，且下文的when those decisions had cost me dearly也有暗示，故选D项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. solution解决方案；B. chance机会；C. visit拜访； D. assistance协助。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者的妈妈给他提供帮助，让他有机会可以恢复，故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】完成完形填空的技巧之一是利用复现原则，包括原词复现，同义词复现和反义词复现。以本篇为列：‎ 第3小题答案means和下文but he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself,的means是原词复现；‎ 第4小题答案manage和前文giving me charge over my own fun中的charge是同义词复现；‎ 第13小题答案cash和下文The cold, hard cash meant she was helping me.中的cash是原词复现；‎ 第19小题答案decisions和下文when those decisions had cost me ‎ dearly中的decisions是原词复现。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ China has recently published its first artificial intelligence （Al） textbook for high school students, following a plan___41___（include） Al courses in primary and secondary schools by central government last year.‎ Under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and Al startup Sense Time Group, the nine-chapter textbook,___42___ (name) Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence, was written by outstanding scholars from well-known ___43___ (school) nationwide, Xinhua reported on Sunday.‎ It includes the history of Al and how the technology can ___44___(apply) in areas such as facial recognition, auto driving and public security. “The textbook focuses not only on basics of Al, but also on ___45___(practice) use of Al in daily life," said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University,___46___is also a contributor to the book. So far, about 40 high schools across the country ___47___ (join) the first group of Al high education pilot program ___48___ introducing the textbook in curriculum.‎ ‎“The Al sector is facing a talent shortage ___49___ . (global). The publication of the book is ___50___ breakthrough as it takes Al technology out of the ‘ivory tower' and makes it part of high school learning, said Lin Dahua, a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.‎ ‎【答案】41. to include ‎ ‎42. named 43. schools ‎ ‎44. be applied ‎ ‎45. practical ‎ ‎46. who 47. have joined ‎ ‎48. by 49. globally ‎ ‎50. a ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能教科书开始引入中国高中课堂。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知此处是不定式作后置定语修饰plan，a plan to do sth一个做……的计划，故填to include。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语textbook和name之间是被动关系，故用过去分词，故填named。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。根据下文的nationwide（全国范围内的）可判断此处指国内很多学校，用名词复数形式，故填schools。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查被动语态。technology（技术）和apply（应用）之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，又情态动词can后接动词原形， 故填be applied。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词use，故填practical。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词a professor在从句中充当主语，故用指人的关系代词，故填who。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查时态。根据so far（迄今为止）判断本句用现在完成时，又主语schools是复数，故填have joined。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查介词。结合上下文可知此处应译为“通过把课本引入课程”符合语境，“通过”by，故填by。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰整个句子，故填globally。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：这本书的出版是一个突破，因为它把人工智能带出象牙塔让它成为高中学习的一部分。breakthrough是可数名词，结合句意可知此处译为“一个突破”符合语境，又breakthrough是辅音音素开头，故填a。‎ ‎【点睛】第7小题考查现在完成时 现在完成时指过去的动作对现在造成的影响，其结构为have/has done。现在完成时常见的事件标志词/短语有：since/ for/ so far/ up to now/ up till now/ in the past+段时/yet/already等。例如：‎ In the past 3 months I have made great progress.在过去的3个月，我已经取得了巨大进步。‎ So far, we have learnt 3000 words.到目前为止，我们已经学了3000个单词。‎ She hasn’t finished her homework yet.她还没有完成她的作业。‎ 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ It was in our school hall where our school held a variety show last week. Filling with enthusiasm, all the teachers and students were attended the show, which proved lively and fantastic. The hall was beautiful decorated. There were twenty shows at all, including singing, dancing and role play. The shows were such wonderful that we all enjoyed it very much. All the performer were trying their best to show their talents to the audiences. As far as I am concerned, the variety show is meaningful activity as it can help us to relax ourselves from our busy study and enriched our school life at the same time.‎ ‎【答案】where→that Filling→Filled 删除students后的were beautiful→beautifully at→in such→so it→them performer→performers is后加a enriched→enrich ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学校的一次才艺表演的相关情况。‎ ‎【详解】1. 考查强调句。本句考查强调句it is/was+强调部分+that，故将where改为that。‎ ‎2. 考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语teachers和fill之间是被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语，故将Filling改为Filled。‎ ‎3. 考查被动语态。结合上下文可知此处应译为“所有老师和学生都参加了表演”，不用被动语态，故删除students后的were。‎ ‎4. 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词decorated，故将beautiful改为beautifully。‎ ‎5. 考查介词。此处考查短语in all总共/总计，故将at改为in。‎ ‎6. 考查副词。wonderful是形容词，应用副词so修饰，故将such改为so。‎ ‎7. 考查代词。结合上下文可知此处代指前文提到的shows，该词是复数形式，故应用them代替，故将it改为them。‎ ‎8. 考查名词的数。根据all判断此处用名词复数形式，故将performer改为performers。‎ ‎9. 考查冠词。activity是可数名词，结合句意可知此处应译为“一场有意义的活动”，故用不定冠词，有meaningful是辅音音素开头，故在is后加a。‎ ‎10. 考查动词形式。分析句子可知本句用and连接两个谓语动词，又help是原形，故enrich也应用原形，故将enriched改为enrich。‎ ‎【点睛】第1小题考查强调句，it is/was+强调部分+that，该句型可以对主语，宾语，状语进行强调。例如：‎ I met Mary at school yesterday.‎ ‎→It was I that met Mary at school yesterday.‎ ‎→It was Mary that I met at school yesterday.‎ ‎→It was at school that I met Mary yesterday.‎ ‎→It was yesterday that I met Mary at school.‎ 第二节 书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，China Daily最近拟刊登介绍中国传统文化的文章，请用英语给编辑写封信，谈 谈自己的想法，要点如下：‎ ‎1. 在你看来，最具中国特色传统文化的是什么？(剪纸、京剧、功夫、孔子文化……)‎ ‎2. 此传统文化对于中国的意义；‎ ‎3. 我们应该如何更好地保护此传统文化？(不少于两点)‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear editor,‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear editor,‎ Learning that your newspaper will carry articles about Chinese traditional culture, I’m pleased to share my ideas.‎ From my perspective, there is no doubt that Chinese traditional culture is the carrier of Chinese history and the precious gift from the past. As for the most representative symbol, I strongly support Confucius. As a philosopher, Confucius has been influencing Chinese people since ancient times. Nowadays we can find lots of Confucius institutes around the world, which provide platforms for the foreigners to learn about Chinese culture. To preserve Chinese traditional culture, the government should strengthen regulation to protect it, and it is our responsibility to be a good steward. What’s more, providing various cultural exchange activities will have a far-reaching impact.‎ Feel free to ask me if you have any other questions.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生以李华的名义给china daily 写信发表自己对该刊物拟刊登介绍中国传统文化文章的看法。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时 结构：总分 要求：‎ ‎1. 表达自己的观点（赞成）‎ ‎2. ‎ ‎1）最具中国特色的传统文化 ‎2）此传统文化对于中国的意义 ‎3）如何更好地保护此传统文化 第二步：列提纲（重点词组）‎ be pleased to do sth/ in my opinion/ there is no doubt that…/ have a deep influence on/ be on behalf of/ prevent…from/ cultural exchange/ spare no efforts to do sth/ ‎ 第三步：连词成句 Knowing that your newspaper will carry articles about Chinese traditional culture, I am pleased to share my opinion.‎ In my opinion, there is no doubt that Chinese traditional culture is the carrier of Chinese history and the precious gift from the past.‎ As for the most representative symbol, I strongly support paper-cutting.‎ As a traditional culture form, paper-cutting has been influencing Chinese people for ages.‎ Paper-cutting has many images, including things ranging from birds in the sky to fish ‎ in water, which provide platforms for the foreigners to learn about Chinese culture.‎ But nowadays, we can’t see many paper-cuttings.‎ To preserve Chinese traditional culture, the government should strengthen regulation to protect it, and we also should take our own responsibility.‎ What’s more, we should call on the youth to learn this form of art.‎ 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）‎ 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…‎ 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…‎ 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…‎ 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：From my perspective, there is no doubt that Chinese traditional culture is the carrier of Chinese history and the precious gift from the past.句中that引导同位语从句；Nowadays we can find lots of Confucius institutes around the world, which provide platforms for the foreigners to learn about Chinese culture.句中which引导非限制性定语从句。这些从句的使用为文章增色添彩。‎ ‎ ‎