【推荐】专题1-3 Grammar&Writing-试题君之K三关2017-2018学年高二英语人教版（选修6）

【推荐】专题1-3 Grammar&Writing-试题君之K三关2017-2018学年高二英语人教版（选修6）

Unit 1 Art ‎ ‎1.3 Grammar & Writing Grammar: 虚拟语气（Ⅰ）（Subjunctive Mood (Ⅰ)） ‎ 一、语气的分类 ‎ 语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法或态度。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气三类。‎ ‎1．陈述语气 ‎ 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。‎ ‎ ☛There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两面性。‎ ‎2．祈使语气 ‎ 表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。‎ ‎ ☛Please lend me your dictionary.请把你的字典借给我用一下。‎ ‎3．虚拟语气 ‎ 用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种假设、愿望或建议等。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。‎ ‎ ☛If I were a bird，I could fly in the air.‎ ‎ 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。‎ 二、 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 ‎ 包含条件从句的句子称为条件句。条件句分为两类：一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。‎ ‎ 如果假设的情况很可能发生，就用真实条件句。‎ ‎ ☛If he has time, he wil come. 如果他有时间，他会来的。‎ ‎ ☛He won’t succeed unless we plan well. 他不会成功的，除非我们计划好。‎ 如果假设的情况发生的可能性不大，则用虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句分为三种，见下表：‎ 假设情况 条件从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 与现在事实 过去式（be的过去式常用 would/should/might/could + 动词原形 相反 were）‎ 与将来事实相反 ‎(1) 过去式 ‎(2)should + 动词原形 ‎(3)were to + 动词原形 would/should/might/could + 动词原形 与过去事实相反 过去完成时（had + 过去分词）‎ would/should/might/could + 过去分词 ‎ ☛If he had time now，he would(could，might)go with you.‎ ‎ 要是他现在有时间，他会和你一起去的。(与现在事实相反)‎ ‎ ☛If you had come a few minutes earlier，you would(could，might) have met the famous singer.‎ ‎ 如果你早来几分钟，你就会见到那个著名歌手了。(与过去事实相反)‎ ‎ ☛If it were to snow this evening，they would not go out.‎ ‎ 如果今天晚上下雪，他们就不会出去。(与将来事实相反)‎ 三、几种特殊的虚拟条件从句 ‎1．省略if形式的虚拟语气 ‎ 在if虚拟条件句中，若省略if，则将should，were，had前置，构成主谓倒装句式。‎ ‎ ☛Had I worked harder，I would have succeeded.‎ ‎ 如果我当时努力学习的话，我就会成功的。‎ ‎ ☛Were she my daughter(Should she be my daughter)，I wouldn't allow her to study abroad.‎ ‎ 如果她是我的女儿的话，我就不让她出国学习了。‎ ‎2．混合虚拟语气 ‎ 若主句和从句所表示的时间不一致，就构成了混合虚拟语气或错综虚拟语气，此时，主句和从句的时态形式根据实际的时间概念来定。‎ ‎ ☛If she had followed the doctor's words，she would feel better now.‎ ‎ 如果当初她听从了医生的建议，现在就会好多了。‎ ‎3．含蓄虚拟语气 ‎ 有时候假设的条件不是通过条件从句表达，而是隐含在某些介词短语中，如without...，连词but for，otherwise，or等中。‎ ‎ ☛Without music(＝If there were no music)，the world would be dull.‎ ‎ 世界若无音乐将会很枯燥。‎ ‎ ☛I'm really very busy，otherwise I would certainly go there with you.(otherwise＝if I were not so busy)‎ ‎ 我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一道去了。‎ 四、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用 ‎1. 动词wish后的宾语从句。‎ ‎ 表示现在的情况，从句谓语用过去式；表示过去的情况，从句谓语用过去完成式；表示将来的情况，从句谓语用＂would/ should/could/might + 动词原形＂。‎ ‎ ☛I wish I were ten years younger now. 我希望我现在年轻十岁。‎ ‎ ☛I wish I had met him yesterday. 我昨天能遇到他就好了。‎ ‎ ☛I wish I would be a scientist. 我希望将来成为科学家。‎ ‎2. 在表示请求、建议、命令、要求等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语用＂should + 动词原形＂，should可省略。 常见的这类动词有：suggest，recommend， insist， order， require， advise， demand， command， ask， request，propose等。‎ ‎ ☛He suggested that we (should) be here in time. 他建议我们及时到那儿。‎ ‎ ☛The doctor advised that he (should) change his job. 医生劝他换工作。‎ ‎3. 在would rather后的宾语从句中，谓语常用过去式来表示现在或将来的情况，用过去完成式表示过去的情况。‎ ‎ ☛I would rather you told me the truth. 我愿意你跟我讲真话。‎ ‎ ☛I would rather you had been present. 我倒愿意你当时在场。‎ ‎1.（2017•江苏） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.‎ ‎ A. It were B. Were it ‎ ‎ C. It was D. Was it ‎2.（2017•天津） —Do you have Betty’s phone number?‎ ‎ —Yes. Otherwise, I ______able to reach her yesterday.‎ ‎ A. hadn’t been B. wouldn’t have been ‎ ‎ C. weren’t D. wouldn’t be ‎3. (2016·浙江) Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths _______ since their ‎ ‎ highest in 2005.‎ ‎ A. had not fallen B. would not fall ‎ ‎ C. did not fall D. would not have fallen ‎4. ( • 安徽）It is lucky we booked a room, or we ______ nowhere to stay now.‎ ‎ A. had B. had had ‎ ‎ C. would have D. would have had ‎5. ( • 重庆）Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.‎ ‎ A. didn’t write B. hadn’t written ‎ ‎ C. wouldn’t write D. wouldn’t have written ‎6. ( • 天津）I wish I ______ at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.‎ ‎ A. will be B. would be ‎ ‎ C. have been D. had been ‎ ‎7. ( • 陕西） Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I as well as her.‎ ‎ A. dance B. will dance ‎ ‎ C. had danced D. danced Ⅰ. 单项填空 ‎1.—It’s amazing that Beijing and Zhangjiakou have won the bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics!‎ ‎—Sure it is! The government ________ have made great efforts!‎ A. could B. should ‎ C. might D. must ‎2. —Do I have to bring my camera tomorrow afternoon?‎ ‎—I think so. We _______ the Botanical Garden then.‎ A. will be visiting B. are visiting ‎ C. have visited D. visit ‎3. ______ a little earlier, you could have got a copy of his latest book.‎ ‎ A. If you would arrive B. If you arrived ‎ ‎ C. Should you arrive D. Had you arrived ‎4. The film was so moving that we all burst into tears. Never before seen a film like that.‎ ‎ A. had I B. I had ‎ ‎ C. have I D. I have ‎5. I ______ have watched that movie — it will give me horrible dreams.‎ ‎ A. needn’t B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t ‎6. We got up early for fear that we ______ miss the early bus.‎ ‎ A. could B. should C. will D. can ‎7. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor ______ it a thought.‎ A. does he even given B. he even gives ‎ C. will he even give D. he will even given ‎8.—You didn’t wait for Tom yesterday.‎ ‎—Yes, but we ______. He didn’t come.‎ A. needn’t have B. didn’t need to ‎ C. could have D. should have ‎9. Usually before exams, students ______ two minutes to write down their names.‎ ‎ A. are given B. were given C. gave D. give Ⅱ. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．I wish that I______________(go) with you to see the film last night.‎ ‎2．Without electricity，our life____________(be) quite different today.‎ ‎3．I am a poor man now. If I________(have) money，I______________(buy) a large house.‎ ‎4．If she had been more careful，she____________________(not make) these mistakes in the exam.‎ ‎5．I think people__________________(believe) my story if I were not so young.‎ ‎6．The man insisted that he____________(do) his best and________________(not blame) for the failure.‎ ‎7．But for the rain，we____________(have) a pleasant journey the other day.‎ ‎8．If I ________(am) you，I would give that patient a hug.‎ ‎9．It is raining so heavily. If the rain____________________(stop) this afternoon，we could go out for a walk.‎ ‎10．All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he__________(be) badly wounded and that he___________(operate) ‎ ‎ on at once.‎ ‎11．How I wish every family________(have) a large house with a beautiful garden.‎ ‎12．If everyone in the country________(know) first aid，many lives would be saved.‎ ‎13．Tom wishes that he ______________(study) business instead of history when he was in university.‎ ‎14．—John went to the hospital alone.‎ ‎ —If he________________(tell) me about it，I would have gone with him.‎ ‎15．My father was strict. He requested that I__________________(not watch) television on this week nights.‎ Ⅲ. 翻译句子 ‎1．如果他要来的话，他会事先通知我们一声的。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．如果不是天一直下那么多雨的话，庄稼会长得更好。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．真希望有人能告诉我这个秘密。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．我考试没有及格，我多么希望我通过了考试。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．我宁愿不认识他。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ K真题 ‎1. B【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省 ‎ 略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老 师们的支持，该 生是无法克服她自己的困难的。‎ ‎4. C【解析】句意：我们很幸运地订到了房间，否则的话，我们现在就会无处可去了。or引导含蓄虚拟条件句，or后面是主句，相当于if we hadn’t booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now.，根据 ‎＂now＂可知，是对现在进行虚拟，因此用would+动词原形，故选C。‎ ‎5. D【解析】句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。根据without his wartime ‎ experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句用would have done，因此选D项。‎ ‎6. D【解析】句意：上个周二我本希望参加我姐姐的婚礼，但那时我在纽约出差。本题考查wish引导的宾 语从句，表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句用had + 过去分词。根据句意可知选D。‎ ‎7. C【解析】句意：Ellen是一个很棒的舞蹈演员。但愿我能和她跳得一样好。I wish“但愿”后面接宾语从句 用虚拟语气，和现在相反用一般过去时，所以选C。‎ K好题 Ⅰ. 单项填空 ‎1. D【解析】考查情态动词。句意：令人吃惊的是，北京和张家口共同举办2022年冬季运动会！真的，政府肯定做出了巨大的努力。根据句意可知表示去过去的肯定推测must have done，故选D项。‎ ‎2. A【解析】此题考时态，此句有重要时间标志词 then，本题中指代上文时间 tomorrow afternoon，属将来时间，故选A。‎ ‎3. D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你早到一会儿，你就会得到他的最新的一本书。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去完成时，省略if, had提前构成倒装，故选D。‎ ‎4. A【解析】考查倒装句。句意：电影太感人了，我们都哭了。我之前从未看过这样的电影。Never这样的否定词放在句首，句子倒装，是过去的过去，用过去完成时，故选A。‎ ‎5. B【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我不应该看那个电影，它给我带来很多噩梦。needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该；couldn’t不能；mustn’t不可以。should意思是应该，表示意愿，所以选B。‎ ‎8. B【解析】句意：——你们昨天没有等汤姆。——是的，但是我们没必要这么做。他昨天根本就没有来。needn’t have是完成时needn’t have done的省略,＂本不需要做但已经做了＂； didn’t need to过去式，＂没必要＂；could have 是完成时could have done的省略，＂本可以做而没有做＂；should have是完成时should have done的省略，＂本应该做而没有做＂。根据语境表示没有必要，故选B。‎ ‎9. A【解析】根据句意，此处应该用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ Ⅱ. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1. had gone 2. would be 3. had；would buy 4. wouldn’t have made ‎5. would believe 6. had done；not be blamed 7. would have had ‎8. were 9. were to stop/should stop/stopped 10. was；(should) be operated ‎11. had 12. knew 13. had studied 14. had told 15. (should) not watch Ⅲ. 翻译句子 ‎1. If he were to come here，he would tell us about it ahead of time.‎ ‎2. If it had not been raining too much，the crops would be growing much better.‎ ‎3. I wish someone could tell me the secret.‎ ‎4. I didn’t pass the exam. How I wish I had passed it.‎ ‎5. I would rather I didn’t know him.‎ Writing：如何写建议信 ‎ 建议信是对收信人就某一问题提出看法、建议或忠告。建议信有可能是写给个人，就对方遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点；也可能是写给某个组织或机构，就改进其服务等提出建议或忠告。‎ 一、基本结构 建议信一般采取“三段式结构”。‎ 首段：表明意图，陈述事由。‎ 主体段落：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体建议或忠告。通常以firstly，secondly，thirdly或to begin/start with，then，later，last but not least等依次陈述建议。‎ 结尾段：礼貌地总结或表示期盼回复。‎ 二、注意事项 ‎1．注意结构。通常以“三段式”结构行文。‎ ‎2．客观地提出建议，针对对方的问题，给出你的观点。‎ ‎3．语言要委婉、精炼，同时要简洁，表达清楚。‎ ‎1．建议信(首段)常用句式 I am writing to express my views about/concerning...‎ You have asked me for my advice on...，and I will try to make some suggestions.‎ It is my pleasure to offer you some advice on...‎ ‎2．建议信中段常用句式 I would like to suggest/recommend that...‎ If I were you，I would...‎ It seems to me that you could...‎ In my opinion，it would be wise to take the following actions.‎ I think it would be more beneficial if you could...‎ When it comes to such a situation，I would like to suggest that you can...‎ I wonder if you have considered the following...‎ As to...I suggest that you should...‎ As far as I am concerned.../In my opinion...‎ For one thing...for another...‎ To begin with...Besides...Last but not least...‎ ‎3．建议信尾段常用句式 In the end，I will be very glad if you find my suggestions useful.‎ Thanks for reading my letter.I hope you will consider my suggestions.‎ I believe you will take my advice into account/consideration.‎ I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions practical/useful/helpful.‎ Please let me know without hesitation if you need any help.‎ 解决方法类作文模板 In recent days, we have to face I problem____________A, which is becoming more and more ‎ serious. First, ____________（说明A的现状）. Second,  ____________（举例进一步说明现状）. ‎ Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For ‎ one thing,  ____________（解决方法一）. For another ____________（解决方法二）. Finally, ____________（解决方法三）. ‎ Personally, I believe that____________（我的解决方法）. ‎ Consequently,  I’m confident that a bright future is waiting us because ____________（带来的好处）.‎ ‎ 假定你是李华，你的朋友张柯发email给你，就买什么样的英语词典想听听你的建议。请根据下列提示，用英语给他回一封100个词左右的email，推荐他买电子词典。‎ ‎1．方便、快捷　 2.内置多部词典、能发音 ‎3．能储存资料 4.其他……‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【审题谋篇】‎ 体裁 建议信 话题 选购词典 时态 一般现在时 人称 第二人称 ‎【遣词造句】‎ Ⅰ.词汇 ‎1．促成 ‎ ‎2．方便做某事 ‎ ‎3．查阅(资料) ‎ ‎4．遇到 ‎ ‎5．对……有帮助/有用 ‎ Ⅱ.句式 ‎1．It is convenient for you to carry the electronic dictionary wherever you go as it is much smaller than the common ‎ ‎ one.(用with复合结构作原因状语)．‎ ‎ _____‎ ‎2．It can give you a vivid，clear and correct pronunciation just like a teacher standing by you and that makes it ‎ ‎ outstanding from a variety of others.(用定语从句合并句子)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案】‎ Ⅰ.词汇 ‎1.lead to/contribute to　 2.It is convenient to do sth.　‎ ‎3.look up；consult　 4.meet with/come across　 5.be helpful/useful to.../be of help(use)to...‎ Ⅱ.句式 ‎1.With the electronic dictionary being much smaller than the common one，it is convenient for you to carry it ‎ ‎ wherever you go.‎ ‎2．It can give you a vivid，clear and correct pronunciation just like a teacher standing by you，which makes it ‎ ‎ outstanding from a variety of others.‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ Dear Zhang Ke，‎ ‎ As for the problem you put forward in your last email，I think it is a wise choice for you to buy an electronic dictionary.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hu ‎【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎