2018届一轮复习北师大版必修5Unit14Careers学案(1)

2018届一轮复习北师大版必修5Unit14Careers学案(1)

Unit 14　Careers 知识清单 重点单词 1.________ n. 化学家→________ n. 化学→________ adj. 化学的2.________ n. 约会；约见→________ v. 约定；指定 ‎3.________ adj. 不合法的→________ adj. 合法的 ‎4.________ v. 犹豫→________ n. 犹豫 ‎5.________ v. 存在→________ n. 存在 ‎6.________ n. 舒适；安逸；安慰；令人感到安慰的人(或事物) v. 安慰；宽慰→________ adj. 舒适的 ‎7.________ v. 围绕；包围→________adj. 周围的；附近的→________n. (用复数形式)环境；周围的事物 ‎8.________v. 判断；审判；评审 n. 法官；裁判；鉴定家→________n. 判断；判断力 ‎9.________v. 操作；运转；经营；做手术→________n. 操作者；经营者；施行手术的医生→________n. 运转；操作；实施；手术 ‎10.________v. 回复；回答；回应；反应→________n. 回应；答复；响应 重点短语 1.________ ________ ________ 接管；承担；控制2._______ ______ 编造；构成；占(比例)；弥补；和解 ‎3.________ ________ 勉强分辨/认出；理解；声称；谎称；填写、开出支票/清单等 ‎4.________ ________ ________ 讨论；深入细节；细谈 ‎5.________ ________ 信任；信仰 ‎6.________ ________ 翻转；翻(书页)；移交(工作、责任等)；转让 ‎7.________ ________ 全部还清；得到好结果；取得成 ‎8.________ ________ 毫无疑问地 ‎9.________ ________ 万一；以防 ‎10.________ ________ 因为；由于；应归功于 ‎11.________ ________ 此外 ‎12.________ ________ 对……作出答复/回应 ‎13._______..._______ ... 把……与……区分开；分辨 重点句式 1.Tell your friends a story, while you are waiting for help. 2.There_is_no_doubt_that all this new technology is changing the way we work and offering many other ways of working. 3.Whatever_I_do,_it will be with music. ‎ 核心语法 直接引语和间接引语 自我校对 重点单词：‎ ‎1．chemist; chemistry; chemical　2.appointment; appoint　3.illegal; legal　4.hesitate; hesitation　5.exist; existence　6.comfort; comfortable　7.surround; surrounding; surroundings　8.judge; judgement　9.operate; operator; operation ‎10．respond; response 重点短语：‎ ‎1．take charge of　2.make up　3.make out　4.go into details　5.believe in　6.turn over　7.pay off　8.without / no doubt 9．in case　10.due to　11.in addition　12.respond　to　13.distinguish; from 重点词汇探究 ‎1．charge v. 收费；要价；控告；指责；充电 n. 负责；照看；指控；索价 charge sb with... ＝ accuse sb of... 指控/控告某人……‎ ‎1)When I used his telephone, he ________ me nothing. 我用了他的电话，他没有收费。‎ ‎2)I have ________ ________ too much for these vegetables. 我买这些蔬菜，可要价太高了。‎ ‎3)He ________ ________ with stealing. 他被指控偷窃。 ‎ ‎4)The statement ________ that their actions broke the agreement. 声明指责他们的行为违背了协议。 ‎ ‎5)The battery needs to ________ ________. 电池需要充电了。 ‎ ‎6)The child was ________ my ________ when he ran away. 他离家出走后，这孩子便由我照顾。 ‎ ‎7)The ________ for admission is $5. 入场费五美元。 ‎ ‎8)He was arrested on the ________ ________ robbery. 他因被控犯有抢劫罪而被捕。‎ ‎【答案】　1)charged　2)been charged　3)was charged ‎4)charged　5)be charged　6)in；charge　7)charge　8)charge of ‎(1)完成句子 ‎1)晚饭可以免费提供到你的房间里。‎ Supper may be served in your room ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎2)你认为公园应该收门票费吗？‎ Do you think parks should ________ ________ admission?‎ ‎3)我的老板不在时让我负责办公室几天。‎ My boss asked me to ________ ________ ________ the office for a few days while she was away.‎ ‎【答案】　1)free of charge　2)charge for　3)take charge of ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2010江苏盐城中学高三三模)Have you heard that the pop star was ________ with taking illegal drugs?‎ A．charged　　　　　　　　B．covered C．equipped D．satisfied ‎【答案与解析】　A　be charged with...“被指控……”。‎ consult about sth with sb同某人商议某事 consult for...给……当顾问 ‎1)You must ________ ________ him before you do the work. 你在做这项工作之前必须同他商量一下。‎ ‎2)As Tom felt sick, he went to town to ________ a doctor. 汤姆因为感到不舒服，所以进城去看病了。‎ ‎3)He ________ his notebook repeatedly during his speech. 他演讲时不断翻看笔记本。‎ ‎【答案】　1)consult with　2)consult　3)consulted ‎2．consult vt.&vi. 请教；商量；查阅(词典、参考书等)‎ ‎(1)完成句子 ‎1)我想和你商讨这件事情。‎ I want to ________ ________ the matter with you.‎ ‎2)他是专家，在好几家大公司当顾问。‎ He was an expert and ________ ________ several large companies.‎ ‎【答案】　1)consult about　2)consulted for ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016江苏苏北四市高三质检)—What does Professor Wang do?‎ ‎—He ________a chemical works.‎ A．consults B．consults about C．consults with D．consults for ‎【答案与解析】　D　consult for “给……当顾问”。‎ ‎3．quarrel vi. 争吵 n. 争吵；吵架 quarrel with sb about / over sth 为某事与某人争吵 quarrel with sth / sb 埋怨某事/挑剔某人 ‎1)This newly wedded couple are always ________.这对新婚夫妇总是吵架。‎ ‎2)Don't ________ with your fate. You should take it into your own hands.‎ 不要埋怨命运，你应该掌握自己的命运。‎ ‎3)I often ________ ________ my wife ________ little things. 我和妻子经常为小事而争吵。‎ ‎【答案】　1)quarreling　2)quarrel　3)quarrel with；about / over ‎(1)用argue, quarrel和discuss的适当形式填空 ‎1)I ________ with him for a long time, but he refused to listen to the reason.‎ ‎2)The husband and wife ________ about money last night.‎ ‎3)We are going to ________ the question at the next meeting.‎ ‎【答案】　1)argued　2)quarreled　3)discuss ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016天津高考冲刺)The old couple have been married for 50 years and never once ________ with each other in their daily life.‎ A．they had quarreled B．they have quarreled C．have they quarreled D．had they quarreled ‎【答案与解析】　C　考查倒装结构。当never置于句首时，句子使用部分倒裝，结合上句使用的现在完成时态可知正确答案为C项。‎ overcome difficulties / obstacles / problems / resistance 克服困难/障碍/难题/阻力 She ________ injury to win the Olympic gold medal.她克服伤痛，去赢得奥运会金牌。‎ ‎【答案】　overcame ‎4．overcome vt. & vi. (overcame, overcome) 克服(困难)；征服；战胜；控制(感情)‎ ‎(1)完成句子 The two parties managed ________ ________ their differences on the issue.两个党派在这个问题上设法消除了分歧。‎ ‎【答案】　to overcome ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016 南京市高三调研)It was so hot in the desert that some members of the team were________ by the heat.‎ A．struggled B．controlled C．knocked D．overcome ‎【答案与解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。题意：沙漠中如此炎热，以致部分队员受不了。struggle “斗争；拼搏”； control “控制”； knock “敲；击；敲打”； overcome “克服；战胜；(用于被动结构)受不了”。be overcome with / by “因……不能自持；受不了”。‎ response n. 回答；反应；响应 respond to...对……作出回答；响应；反应灵敏；作出正确反应；有改进；有起色；显出效果 respond by doing sth 报答(指以做某事的方式报答)‎ respond with sth “回复；以……回应”，后多接名词。‎ respond to...with sth / by doing sth 以……对……作出反应；以……响应；以……报答/回报 ‎5．respond vi. 作出反应；回应；(对某种治疗)有良好反应 ‎1)I invited her to dinner but she did not ________. 我请她吃晚饭，但她不置可否。‎ ‎2)“I'm not sure，” she ________. “我不肯定，”她答道。‎ ‎3)When asked about the company's future, the director ________ that he remained optimistic. 问到公司的未来的时候，经理回答说他依然乐观。‎ ‎4)Has she ________ ________ your letter？她有没有回过你的信？‎ ‎5)He failed to ________ ________ the medicine. 他服了这药未见有起色。‎ ‎6)When Mr Green insulted Tom, he ________ ________ a kick. 当格林先生侮辱汤姆时，汤姆踢了他一脚。‎ ‎7)They ________ ________ my joke by laughing. 他们对我的笑话报以大笑。‎ ‎【答案】　1)respond　2)responded　3)responded　4)responded to　5)respond to　6)responded with　7)responded to answer, respond和reply answer后可接letter, question, door, bell, telephone 等，用作及物动词； respond和reply则不能，需与介词to连用。‎ Ann asked many questions and I did my best to answer them. 安妮问了许多问题，我尽可能地回答。‎ Who answered the telephone? 谁接的电话？‎ No one has yet responded to to our complaints. 还没有人对我们的投诉做出回复。‎ If you have time, you must reply to my letter. 如果有空，你必须给我回信。‎ ‎(1)完成句子 ‎1)The soldiers ________ eagerly ________ the orders. 命令下达后，战士们热烈响应。‎ ‎2)All the students ________ ________ the teacher by working hard. 所有的学生都以努力学习来回报老师。‎ ‎3)At last the orphan ________ ________ the society with a warm heart. 最后那个孤儿以一颗温暖的心来回报社会。‎ ‎【答案】 1)responded；to 2)responded to 3)responded to ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016 江苏连云港期末教学质检)Don't respond to any e－mails or cellphone messages________ personal information, no matter how official they look.‎ A．searching B．Surfing C．requesting D．questioning ‎【答案与解析】　C　考查动词的辨析。 search “搜查”； surf “冲浪；浏览”； request “要求；请求”； question “询问”。 题意：不要回复那些索要私人信息的电子邮件， 不论它们看起来是多么正式。C项符合题意。 ‎ reward sb with...用……奖赏某人 reward sb for...因为……而奖赏某人 ‎1)They ________ the winners ________ gifts of fruits and flowers. 他们奖给优胜者一些水果和鲜花。‎ ‎2)Several of the parents were giving their children rewards ________ ________ exams.一些家长会奖励孩子通过了考试。‎ ‎3)He gave the children some chocolate to ________ ________ ________ behaving well.由于孩子们表现好，他给了他们一些巧克力作为奖赏。‎ ‎【答案】　1)rewarded；with　2)for passing　3)reward them for ‎6．reward n．报酬；奖金 vt. 酬劳；奖赏 reward, award, medal和prize medal 奖章；奖牌 award “奖；奖品；奖金”，是可数名词。指一种官方的奖励行为，往往鼓励在工作中达到成就或所提出的要求而进行一种奖励。‎ reward多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答，意为“赏金；酬金；报答”。‎ prize“奖；奖品”，多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。‎ ‎(1)用prize, reward, medal和award填空 ‎1)The American swimmer Phelps got 8 gold ________ in the 2008 Olympic Games.‎ ‎2)An ________ of ￡5,000 will be given to those hurt in the explosion.‎ ‎3)We will offer a ________ of ten thousand dollars for information about the case.‎ ‎4)He hopes to get the first ________ in the English competition.‎ ‎【答案】　1)medals　2)award　3)reward　4)prize ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016 安徽皖南八校高三联考)It is generally considered that young children learn to do small things because certain acts lead to ________.‎ A．rewards B．Prizes C．awards D．results ‎ ‎【答案与解析】　A　reward “报酬；奖赏”； prize 指在各种竞赛中获胜者所得的“奖励”； award 指由政府或社团组织给予的“奖励”； result “结果”。‎ operate on / upon sb 给某人动手术 operate a business 经营一家企业 come / go into operation 开始工作/运转；生效 put / bring into operation实施；施行 do / perform / carry out an operation 付出行动 be in operation在运转中；在行动中；在实施中 ‎1)The lift was not ________ properly. 电梯出故障。‎ ‎2)The doctors decided to ________ ________ her immediately. 医生决定马上给她动手术。‎ ‎3)The department store is well ________. 那家百货公司经营得法。‎ ‎4)Who ________ that machine? 那台机器由谁操作？ ‎ ‎【答案】　1)operating　2)operate on　3)operated ‎4)operates ‎7．operate vi.工作；运转；给……做手术 vt. 操作 ‎(1)用operate及其适当形式填空 ‎1)He had his nose ________ ________(做手术)．‎ ‎2)The new rules ________ ________ ________(开始生效)from next week.‎ ‎3)The system ________ ________ ________ ________(已经运行) for six months.‎ ‎【答案】　1)operated on　2)come into operation　3)has been in operation ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2015潍坊高三第二次教学质检)Before the operation, the doctor had to talk to the patient in order to move her fear ________ she might die during the operation.‎ A．when　　　B．that　　　C．which　　　D．so that ‎【答案与解析】　B　考查名词性从句。that引导同位语从句，说明病人担忧的具体想法。‎ 重点短语探究 ‎1．take charge of控制；掌管；承担责任 ‎(1)charge sb with指控某人 He was charged with murder. 他被指控犯了谋杀罪。‎ ‎(2)free of charge 免费 Your order will be delivered free of charge. 我们将免费送货上门。‎ ‎(3)be in charge of 负责；掌管 He will be in charge of the big company during the absence of the manager. 经理不在的这段时间，他将负责公司的事务。‎ ‎(4)be in the charge of (＝ in one's charge) 由……负责/掌管 These patients are in the charge of Dr Brown. 这些病人由布朗医生负责治疗。‎ ‎(5)put sb in charge of 让……全权负责 I have been put in charge of the group. 我被指派全权负责这个小组。‎ ‎1)Harry will ________ ________ ________ the department while I'm away. 我不在时由哈利负责部门的事务。‎ ‎2)The department was badly organized until he ________ ________ ________ it. 这个部门在他负责以前组织工作做得很差。‎ ‎3)The policeman said that he would ________ ________ ________ the gun. 那个警察说他来掌管这支枪。‎ ‎【答案】　1)take charge of　2)took charge of　3)take charge of ‎(1)单项填空 You can take as many as you like, because they are all free of ________.‎ A．fare　　　B．charge　　C．money　　D．pay ‎【答案与解析】　B　free of charge “免费”。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2015苏北四市联考)—Can he ________ the computer company?‎ ‎—I'm afraid it's beyond his ability.‎ A．take charge of B．take out of C．take the place of D．take against ‎【答案与解析】　A　考查动词短语的辨析。题意：“让他负责这个电脑公司好吗？”“恐怕这超出了他的能力范围。”‎ ‎2．pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 pay sth off全部偿还；偿清(债务)‎ pay sb for sth ＝ pay sth to sb for sth 付钱给某人作为某事的费用 pay for sth 为某事吃苦头或受惩罚 pay back 还钱；报复 pay a price for...为……付出代价 ‎1)It took them three years to ________ ________ their debts.他们用了3年才还清了债务。‎ ‎2)John studied hard before the examination, and it ________ ________.约翰考试前学习很刻苦，因此得到了好成绩。‎ ‎3)He took great trouble, but it ________ ________.他费了很大劲，但终究成功了。‎ ‎【答案】　1)pay off　2)paid off　3)paid off ‎(1)用pay的相关短语填空 ‎1)They took a hell of a risk but it ________ ________.‎ ‎2)Can you lend me 100 yuan? I'll ________ you ________ on Friday.‎ ‎3)I'll make her ________ ________ ruining my chances!‎ ‎【答案】　1)paid off　2)pay；back　3)pay for ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016 河南安阳高三统考)—Believe me，all your efforts will ________ some day.‎ ‎—Thanks for your encouragement.‎ A．pay back B．pay down C．pay off D．pay for ‎【答案与解析】　C　题意：相信我，你所有的努力总有一天会有回报的。pay back“偿还”；pay down“即时支付；付定金；(分期付款等)付额款”；pay off“付清；偿清；有回报”；pay for“为……付款”。C项符合题意。‎ ‎3．in case 以防；万一 in case “以防；万一”，可以单独使用，常用于句末；也可以接句子，之后的从句谓语动词用一般现在时或should ＋动词原形。in case of 后面接名词作宾语。‎ ‎1)You probably won't need to call—but take my number, just ________ ________. 你很可能无需打电话——不过还是记下我的电话号码吧，以防万一。‎ ‎2)Please remind me about it ________ ________ I forget / should forget. 万一我把这件事忘了，请提醒我。‎ ‎3)________ ________ ________ ________， ring the alarm bell. 如遇火险，即按警铃。‎ ‎【答案】　1)in case　2)in case　3)In case of fire in any case 无论如何 in this / that case 在这种/那种情况下 in no case “决不”，置于句首时，句子部分倒装。‎ ‎(1)单项填空 Leave one of your keys with your brother next town________you lock yourself out one day.‎ A．ever since B．even if ‎ C．soon after D．in case ‎【答案与解析】　D　ever since “自从……以来”； even if “即使”； soon after “不久以后”； in case ‎ ‎“以防；以免”。题意：留一把钥匙给你邻镇的兄弟，以免有一天你把自己锁在门外。故答案为D项。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎1)(2016浙江舟山高三调研)Everything was perfect for the hiking and rafting ________ the weather.‎ A．in place of B．as well as C．except for D．in case of ‎【答案与解析】　C　题意：那次徒步旅行和漂流一切都很顺利，就是天气不尽如人意。in place of “代替”； as well as “和；又；及”； except for “除……之外”，表示整体肯定，但局部美中不足，如：He is a good man except for hot temper. 他是个好人，只是脾气暴躁而已。in case of “假使；万一；以防”。‎ ‎2)(2016日照高三调研)You may work in the office for an afternoon as you like ________ you clean it up afterwards.‎ A．so far as B．so long as C．in case D．even if ‎ ‎【答案与解析】　B　题意：你可以整个下午任意使用这个房间，只要你事后把它打扫干净。so long as ＝ as long as “只要”，符合题意。so far as “就……而言”； in case “以防；万一”； even if “即使；尽管”。‎ ‎4．due to由于；因为 due to do sth / due for sth (车、船等)预定应到的；约定的；预定的；(票据等)到期的 due to sb 应支付；应给予；应归于 ‎1)All the buses are late ________ ________ heavy traffic. 因为交通拥挤，所有公共汽车都误点了。‎ ‎2)The accident ________ ________ ________ her negligence. 这次事故是因她疏忽所致。‎ ‎3)The strike ________ ________ ________ begin on Tuesday. No one knows how long it will last. 罢工定于星期二开始，谁也不知道它会延续多久。‎ ‎4)The train ________ ________ ________arrive at 12：10. 那列火车应在12点10分到站。‎ ‎【答案】　1)due to　2)was due to　3)is due to　4)is due to ‎(1)单项填空 ‎________ the weather, the sports meeting will be held on time.‎ A．In favor of B．Regardless of C．Apart from D．Due to ‎【答案与解析】　B　考查介词短语辨析。语境说运动会按期举行，因此这里表示“不顾”天气情况，regardless of“不管；不顾”。in favor of“赞成”；apart from“除了……之外”；due to“由于”。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2015 安庆示范性高三3月联考)The project had to be abandoned largely ________ a lack of government funding.‎ A．according to B．due to C．in the name of D．in the eyes of ‎【答案与解析】　B　考查短语辨析。题意：主要由于缺乏政府资金而使得这项工程被迫放弃。according to“根据”；due to“由于”；in the name of“以……名义”；in the eyes of“在……心目中；从……来看”。‎ make up 编造；虚构；组成；化妆；弥补；和解 make off 匆忙离开；溜掉 make for 朝……前进 make out 听出；看出；辨认出 make up to 奉承；巴结 make it 及时到达；赶上；取得成功 ‎1)The whole story is ________ ________. 整个故事都是虚构的。‎ ‎2)He ________ ________ some excuse about his daughter being sick.他编造了一个借口，说他的女儿病了。‎ ‎3)The medical team ________ ________ ________ ________ twelve doctors. 医疗队由十二名医生组成。 ‎ ‎4)Farmers ________ ________ only a small section of the population. 农民只占人口的一小部分。‎ ‎5)I can't ________ ________ my mind. 我下不了决心。‎ ‎5．make up 组成；编造；化妆 ‎6)We need $50 to ________ ________ the sum required. 我们需要五十美元以补足所需要的数目。 ‎ ‎7)Nothing can ________ ________ ________ the loss of a child. 失去一个孩子是任何东西都无法弥补的。‎ ‎8)Have you ________ ________ with Patty yet？你与帕蒂和好了吗？‎ ‎【答案】　1)made up　2)made up　3)was made up of ‎4)make up　5)make up　6)make up　7)make up for ‎8)made up ‎(1)单项填空 Chinese people ________ about one fifth of the world population.‎ A．fill up B．bring up C．make up D．set up ‎【答案与解析】　C　考查动词短语辨析。 fill up “装满；填满”； bring up “抚养；教育；培养；提出；呕吐”； make up “编造；占……的比例/成分；化妆；弥补；和解”； set up “建立；创立；竖立起来”。题意：中国人大约占世界总人口的五分之一。 故选C项。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎1)(2016福建福州高中毕业班教学质检)My daughter ________ French when she was in France. Now she can speak it freely.‎ A．picked out B．made out C．made up D．picked up ‎【答案与解析】　D　考查动词短语的辨析。 pick out “挑选出”； make out “辨别”； make up “弥补；编造；构成”； pick up “捡起；学会”。题意：我女儿在法国时学了法语。 现在她法语说得很流利。‎ ‎2)(2011苏北四市高三联考)The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to ________ its reality.‎ A．make up for B．figure out C．look after D．put off ‎【答案与解析】　B　题意：现在的情况很复杂，因此我想过些时候我才能弄清楚它的实际情况。make up for “弥补”； figure out “弄清楚；弄明白”； look after “照顾；照看”； put off “推迟”。由题意可知B项正确。‎ n addition“另外；也”，在句中作插入语。‎ in addition to...除……之外 ‎1)________ ________， they will be able to use e－mail to “speak” with their teachers.此外，他们可以利用电子邮件和教师“交谈”。‎ ‎2)________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， there are secondary matters to talk about.除主要问题之外，还有些次要问题讨论。‎ ‎【答案】　1)In addition　2)In addition to the main question ‎6．in addition 另外；也 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎1)________ ________， many farmers paid attention only to exploiting the land.此外，很多农民只注意使用土地。‎ ‎2)________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， Redford is known as a champion of environmental causes.除了电影工作，雷德福还以环境问题的倡导者而闻名。‎ ‎【答案】　1)In addition　2)In addition to his movie work ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2015山东青岛二中高三期末)________ calculations, the most frequent use for a computer is probably “information retrieval”．‎ A．In addition to B．According to C．Thanks to D．Due to ‎【答案与解析】　A　题意为“除了计算工作以外，计算机最常见的用途大概是资料检索”。‎ according to“按照”；thanks to / due to“由于”。‎ turn over 把……翻过来；移交；打翻；翻转；犁翻(土地)‎ ‎1)I ________ ________ my essay to the professor. 我把论文交给教授了。‎ ‎2)He was determined to mend his ways and ________ ________a new leaf. 他决心改过自新，重新做人。‎ ‎3)He ________ the business ________ ________ his daughter. 他把生意交给女儿打理。‎ ‎4)He ________ ________ all the tables in anger. 他气得把所有的桌子都掀翻了。‎ ‎5)The car ________ ________ ________ and the driver was seriously injured. 汽车翻倒了，司机受了重伤。‎ ‎【答案】　1)turned over　2)turned over　3)turned；over to　4)turned over　5)was turned over ‎7．turn over把……翻过来；移交 ‎(1)单项填空 With no one to ________ in such a dangerous situation, the old man felt very helpless.‎ A．turn to B．turn against C．turn off D．turn over ‎【答案与解析】　A　题意：由于在这样危险的情况下没有人可以求助，老人感到很无助。turn to sb “求助于某人；向某人求助”，符合题意。‎ ‎(2)名校押题(2015宁夏银川一中模拟)—Five dollars a pair? I think it's a bit too expensive.‎ ‎—If you buy four pairs, the price for each will ________ to three fifty.‎ A．come down B．take down C．turn over D．go over ‎【答案与解析】　A　题意：“五美元一双？我觉得贵了点儿。”“要买4双的话每双价格会降到3.5美元。”come down “(价格、速度、比率等)下降”； take down “拿下；写下；拆除”； turn over “翻转；转动；移交”； go over “仔细检查；反复研究”。 ‎ keep up 坚持；保持 keep back 保留；隐瞒 keep fit 保持健康 keep in touch with 与……保持联系 keep off (使)不接近；挡开 keep on doing sth 继续/反复做某事 keep one's balance 保持平衡 keep one's mind (on) 专心于 keep one's word 守信用；履行承诺 keep...out of 使……不进入……‎ ‎1)He walked so fast that I could hardly ________ ________ ________ him. 他走得那么快，我很难跟上他。‎ ‎2)Can you ________ ________ ________ my speed? 你能跟上我吗？‎ ‎3)It's hard to ________ ________ ________ the changes in computer technology. 要跟上电脑技术的发展不容易。‎ ‎【答案】　1)keep up with　2)keep up with　3)keep up with ‎8．keep up with　跟上；保持 ‎(1)单项填空 I can ________ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.‎ A．keep up with B．put up with C．join up with D．hold on to ‎【答案与解析】　B　题意：房子凌乱我能忍受，但我讨厌房子不干净。keep up with “跟上；不落后”； put up with “忍受；容忍”； join up with “与……联合；与……汇合”； hold on to “抓住；抓牢；保持”。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2010温州高三质检)The teacher asked a difficult question, but Ted managed to ________ the right answer.‎ A．put up with B．keep up with C．come up with D．go through with ‎【答案与解析】　C　题意：老师问了一道很难的题，但特德还是想出了正确的答案。put up with “忍受；忍耐”； keep up with “跟上”； come up with “提出；想出(计划、答复等)”； go through with “(艰难地)完成；实行；经历；把……坚持到底”。根据题意选C项。‎ 重点句型探究 ‎1. Tell your friends a story, while you are waiting for help. 在等待帮助时，你可以给朋友们讲一个故事。‎ while pron. 意为“当……时候”，指一段时间，不能用来表示一个时间点。‎ ‎【仿写】‎ 当客人们快要吃完饭的时候，玛丽做好了咖啡。‎ ‎_______________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】　Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal.‎ ‎________ the discussion was still going on, George came in. 当讨论还在进行时，乔治走了进来。‎ ‎【答案】　While ‎(1)while“而；然而”，表示转折和对比。‎ There's plenty of rain in the southeast, while there's little in the northwest.东南部雨量充足，西北部则很少下雨。‎ ‎(2)while“虽然；尽管”，表示让步。‎ While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings. 尽管我承认他的优点，但我还是能看到他的缺点。‎ ‎(3)while“只要”，表示条件。‎ We can surely overcome these difficulties while we are closely united. 只要我们团结一致，就一定能克服这些困难。‎ ‎(4)while从句中的省略：当while从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且含有be的某种形式时，从句中的主语连同be可同时省略。‎ While in London (＝While he was in London), he studied music and painting. 在伦敦时，他学习音乐和绘画。 ‎ ‎(1)单项填空 In some places women are expected to earn money ________ men work at home and raise their children.‎ A．however B．While C．meanwhile D．though ‎【答案与解析】　B　while “然而”，强调对比。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2015 泰州高三联考)She thought I was talking about her father, ________ as a matter of fact, I was talking about my father.‎ A．whom　　B．where　　C．which　　D．while ‎ ‎【答案与解析】　D　while 表示转折对比。题意：她认为我说的是她的父亲，而实际上，我说的是我的父亲。‎ ‎2. There is no doubt that all the new technology is changing the way we work and offering many other ways of working. 毫无疑问，所有这些新技术都在改变我们的工作方式，并且提供了许多其他的工作方式。‎ There is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……；不可否认……；……是毋庸置疑的”。相当于There is no denying that...。‎ ‎【仿写】‎ 教育不能随着毕业而结束，这是毋庸置疑的。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】　There is no doubt that education isn't finished with graduation.‎ ‎1)________ ________ ________ ________ ________ he is guilty. 毫无疑问，他是有罪的。‎ ‎2)________ ________ ________ ________we will win the game. 毫无疑问，我们会赢得比赛。‎ ‎【答案】　1)There is no doubt that　2)There's no doubt that ‎(1)翻译句子 我想他是否能及时赶到那趟火车。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】　I doubted whether / if he could catch that train on time.‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2011 芜湖高中毕业班质检)Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ________ a cure for SARS will be found.‎ A．when B．that C．what D．whether ‎【答案与解析】　B　there is no doubt that...为固定句型。题意：一些研究者认为，治疗非典的方法一定会被找到。‎ ‎3. Having an enthusiastic and dynamic personality is important. 具备热情和充满活力的性格很重要。‎ v－ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎【仿写】‎ 做早操有益健康。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】　Doing morning exercises is good for health.‎ ‎________ ________ is very important to businessmen. 搜集信息对于商人来说是非常重要的。‎ ‎【答案】　Collecting information 在It's no use / no good / a waste of time doing sth 等句型中一般用v－ing形式，而不用不定式。‎ It is no good keeping this secret. 将这事保密没有什么好处。‎ It is a waste of energy arguing with her. 和她争论是浪费精力。‎ ‎(1)单项填空 ‎________ to sunlight on the beach for too much time will do great harm to one's skin.‎ A．Exposed B．Having exposed C．Being exposed D．After being exposed ‎【答案与解析】　C　expose “暴露；使……被看见”； be exposed to the sunlight “被暴露在阳光下”。又因为“________ to sunlight...for too much time” 整个是主语，所以要用动名词形式。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎1)(2011江西重点中学联考) ________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.‎ A．The Primer Minister will attend B．The Primer Minister to attend C．The Primer Minister attended D．The Primer Minister's attending ‎【答案与解析】　D　由名词所有格the Primer Minister's 加上动名词构成动名词的复合结构，在句中作主语。‎ ‎2)(2016 启东中学月考)It's better to be prepared for a job interview. ________ the answer ready will be of great help.‎ A．To have had B．Having had C．Have D．Having ‎【答案与解析】　D　动名词短语having the answer ready 在句中作主语。‎ ‎1．(2016湖南长郡中学高三第三次月考)In face of ________ failure, it is the most important to keep up ________ good state of mind.‎ A．a; 不填　　　　　　B．不填； a C．the; 不填 D．不填； the ‎【答案与解析】　B　考查冠词。题意：面对失败，最重要的是保持良好的思想状态。failure在这里“失败”，是不可数名词；a good state of mind“一种良好的思想状态”。‎ ‎2．(2016河北唐山一中高三9月调研)The boy burst into tears ________ he saw his mother.‎ A．at the moment B．in a moment C．for a moment D．the moment ‎【答案与解析】　D　考查名词引导状语从句。有一些名词如the moment, the instant, the minute等可以引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。题意：那个男孩一看见他妈妈就哭了起来。‎ ‎3．(2016福州质检)In Singapore, a southeastern Asian country, the Chinese people ________ the largest percentage of its population, so you can speak Chinese there.‎ A．make up B．take up C．hold up D．turn up ‎【答案与解析】　A　make up“编造；弥补；组成；构成”；take up“拿起来；占据(时间、空间)”；hold up“阻止”；turn up“开大；调高；出现”。题意：在新加坡，一个东南亚国家，中国人在其人口中占有很大比例，所以你在那儿可以说汉语。‎ ‎4．(2017宁夏银川一中高三第一次月考)Though ________ of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.‎ A．warning　 B．to warn　 C．warn　　D．warned ‎【答案与解析】　D　考查过去分词。分词作状语，其逻辑主语是主句的主语，因为warn与he之间是动宾关系，故要用过去分词作状语，相当于“though he was warned of the danger”。‎ ‎5．(2017山东兖州高三一模)Finally his efforts ________ and he succeeded in holding the piano concert.‎ A．paid for B．paid out C．repaid D．paid off ‎【答案与解析】　D　考查短语辨析。pay for“赔偿；付款”；pay out“付钱；付费用”；repay“还钱”；pay off“取得成功；得到好结果”。题意：最终他的努力取得了成功，并且他成功地举办了钢琴演奏会。‎