2021届江苏省南通、东台、泰州三市八校上学期阶段检测英语试题（教师版含解析）

2021届江苏省南通、东台、泰州三市八校上学期阶段检测英语试题（教师版含解析）

2020～2021学年度第一学期阶段联测 高三英语试题 (考试时间 120分钟，总分 150分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，15题；每题 2分，满分 30分) 第一节 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对 话仅读一遍。 1. Where is the desk? A. Under the window. B. Across from the door. C. Opposite the window. 2. What is the man most probably? A. A doctor. B. A policeman. C. A teacher. 3. When does the conversation most probably take place? A. In spring. B. In autumn. C. In winter. 4. What is the woman doing? A. Enjoying a fountain. B. Having cheese. C. Taking a picture. 5. What will the man keep? A. A shirt. B. A hat. C. A suit. 第二节 听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6段材料，回答第 6、7题。 6. What is the woman dissatisfied with? A. The kitchen. B. The living room. C. The bedroom. 7. What does the man think of the living room? A. Big and bright. B. New and modern. C. Small but well-furnished. 听第 7段材料，回答第 8、9题。 8. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Manager and customer. C. Colleagues. 9. Whom will the man have lunch with tomorrow? A. Mr. Tanawa. B. Peter. C. Jane. 听第 8段材料，回答第 10至 12题。 10. When will the dining hall close? A. At about 6:30. B. At about 7:00. C. At about 10:00. 11. Why doesn’t Ann want to eat in the dining hall? A. She had a pizza already. B. She has to prepare for a test. C. She doesn’t like the food there. 12. What will Bill most probably do right now? A. Order a pizza. B. Cook dinner at home. C. Go to the dining hall. 听第 9段材料，回答第 13至 16题。 13. Where does the woman work? A. At a television station. B. At a newspaper office. C. At a university. 14. Why is the man applying for this position? A. To make money. B. To get experience. C. To meet famous people. 15. What is the man majoring in at the university? A. Media and Communication. B. Advertising. C. English. 16. What does the man need to do next in order to get the position? A. Talk to Ms. Wagner. B. Complete a form. C. Take some courses. 听第 10段材料，回答第 17至 20题。 17. What do the library members have to do every two years? A. Renew their personal information. B. Pay for a new membership card. C. Register in the library again. 18. How long will the library keep the book booked in advance? A. Five days. B. A week. C. Two weeks. 19. What can be borrowed for one day only? A. Children’s books. B. DVDs. C. Dictionaries. 20. On which day will the library close at 7:00 p.m.? A. Wednesday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50分) 第一节(共 15小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A You know all about the dangers of exhaustion. You even know that working too many hours affects your productivity, and yet there’s always one more task that needs finishing one more email to write, or one more impatient customer or boss who doesn’t want to wait till Monday. Here are some tips that may help you deal with pressure at work when you feel exhausted. Don’t save sleeping time. Not only does a good night’s sleep improve your mood and cognitive(认知的) ability, but it helps you grow brain cells. Sleep deprivation(匮乏) is associated with a lot of mental and physical illness, and will actually make you age more quickly. Whatever else you have to forego to give way to work and meet the demands of your crazy job, make sure getting a good night’s sleep every night is one of your priorities. Get plenty of exercise. Exercise is a known mood elevator and stress killer, as well as something that your body needs to remain healthy. There’s evidence that a daily two-mile walk can help your cognitive function. So fit some exercise in your schedule every day or follow Steve Jobs’ example and conduct meetings while walking. Take brief breaks during the day. Even a few minutes between meetings and phone calls will make a big difference. And also, go outside during these breaks. Sunlight and fresh air can do a lot of good. Put a vacation on your calendar. Having a vacation on your calendar will give you something to look forward to. And as the date approaches, do not reschedule whatever happens. Taking a vacation will give your mind a rest. You might be surprised at how reinvigorated(振作的) and inspired you’ll be getting back to work. Schedule evening and weekend activities. This will give your week some variety ---- it won’t all be about your job. It will be better if your off-hours activities involve other people you care about, such as your spouse, partner, kids, or friends. 1. What might be the purpose of the passage? A. To show the danger of stress and overwork. B. To tell us some skills of improving work efficiency. C. To persuade people not to work overtime. D. To tell us how to get through high-stress times at work. 2. What does the underlined word “forego” in Paragragh2 mean? A. Carry out. B. Focus on. C. Give up. D. Get over. 3. What can you do to give your mind a rest? A. Conduct meeting while walking. B. Save sleeping time. C. Take a vacation. D. Plan weekend activities. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章给出了缓解工作压力的建议和具体方式。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Here are some tips that may help you deal with pressure at work when you feel exhausted.(当你感到筋疲力尽时，这里有一些建议可以帮助你处理工作压力。)”再结合下文给出的五个 建议，可推断文章的目的是告诉读者如何度过工作压力大的时期。故选 D项。 【2题详解】 词义猜测题。A. Carry out.执行，实施；B. Focus on.集中于；C. Give up.放弃；D. Get over.克服。根据该词后 的目的状语“to give way to work and meet the demands of your crazy job(给工作让路，满足你疯狂工作的要 求)”可推测，forego意为“放弃”，因为只有“放弃”其它事情，才能达到为工作让路的目的。故选 C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Taking a vacation will give your mind a rest.(去度个假会让你的思想得到休 息。)”可知，可以通过度假的方式来让心灵得到放松。故选 C项。 B A cancer survivor has become the first woman to complete an exhausting “Sea to Summit” triathlon (三项全 能运动) which saw her swim , cycle, and run over 330 miles in just five days. Andrea Mason was overjoyed when she crossed the finish line early Wednesday morning. The race was set in the French Alps. Setting off at 6:15 am on Friday, 39-year-old Mason battled through severe pain, and hallucinations (幻觉), but she pushed on---managing to complete the race in an impressive four days, 23 hours, and 41 minutes. Andrea had been diagnosed with cancer and needed life-saving surgery. Following a successful operation, she is now hoping to raise awareness of women’s health. In the past year, Andrea set up her own charity, Lady Talk Matters, in order to normalize the conversation surrounding female health. Andrea, from Blackpool in Lancashire, England, said, “I am so happy all went according to plan as there were so many things that could have gone wrong. I wanted to do it in five days, and I did, but it was very tough. I had some low moments, particularly when I couldn’t sleep in my limited rest periods, and when I couldn’t keep any food down as I was running. For sure I had some doubts along the way as I was exploring the unknown with such a huge run, particularly as large parts of it were in the dark. It was bigger than I imagined, the impact on my body was huge, but every time I felt like giving up, I thought about all the women out there in pain or who still hadn’t been diagnosed. That is why I put myself through this.” Andrea had to swim 23 miles around Lake Annecy, cycle 205 miles with 30,000 feet of vertical climbing around Mont Blanc, and run 105 miles with 4,000 feet of vertical climbing around The Ultra-Trail du Mont Blanc. You could say Andrea’s actually spent a lifetime training for an event like this. She completed her first three-mile race “powered by chocolate bars” when she was just four. 4. What brought Andrea Mason so much joy? A. She swam and ran over 330 miles in five days.. B. She battled bravely and defeated cancer finally. C. She completed a marathon in just five days. D. She finished an exhausting triathlon lately. 5. What is the purpose of Andrea’s creating her own charity? A. To help the poor women. B. To promote women’s health. C. To focus on women’s life. D. To raise the status of women. 6. What made Andrea stick with the race? A. Thinking of other women who might have cancer. B. Thinking of other women who had more pain. C. Her strong willpower to win. D. Her family’s support. 7. What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph? A. Andrea liked sports very much. B. Andrea faced huge challenges. C. As a little girl, Andrea won many races. D. Andrea’s success lay in long-term effort. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Andrea Mason 患癌幸存者成为第一位完成了三项全能运动女性，而且为 了促进女性健康，她成立了自己的慈善组织。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A cancer survivor has become the first woman to complete an exhausting “Sea to Summit” triathlon (三项全能运动) which saw her swim, cycle, and run over 330 miles in just five days.”(一位癌症幸存 者成为第一位完成“从海到顶峰”三项全能赛的女性，她在短短五天内游泳、骑自行车、跑了 330英里。) 可知，Andrea Mason 最近完成了一个让人精疲力竭的三项全能运动项目，这让她非常高兴。结合选项，故 选 D项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中“In the past year, Andrea set up her own charity, Lady Talk Matters, in order to normalize the conversation surrounding female health.”(在去年，Andrea 设立了她自己的慈善组织 Lady Talk Matters， 为的就是让围绕女性健康的话题正常化。)可知，Andrea 设立慈善组织就是为了促进女性健康，结合选项， 故选 B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中“but every time I felt like giving up, I thought about all the women out there in pain or who still hadn’t been diagnosed. That is why I put myself through this.”(但每次我想放弃的时候，我就会想到那 些痛苦的，或者还没有被诊断出来的女人。这就是为什么我让自己经历这一切。)可推知，能让 Andrea 坚 持这场比赛的是她想到在赛场外还有那些没有被诊断但是可能患癌女性或者已经在承受痛苦的女性，结合 选项，故选 A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中“You could say Andrea’s actually spent a lifetime training for an event like this. She completed her first three-mile race “powered by chocolate bars” when she was just four.”(你可以说 Andrea 为了 这样的比赛，花了一辈子的时间训练。她在 4岁的时候就完成了她的第一次 3英里比赛“powered by chocolate bars”。)可推知，最后一段作者主要想告诉我们 Andrea从很小的时候就开始参加这样的比赛，所以从她的 经历中可以看出，她的成功是在于她长期的努力，结合选项，故选 D项。 C With climate change and overfishing threatening our oceans, it is becoming increasingly important for researchers to closely observe and check sea animals and plants. However, it’s almost impossible to make it since human presence scares the animals. Now, thanks to the robot, SoFi, researchers may be able to solve the problem. Built by MIT’s laboratory, the snow-white remote-controlled robot simulates (模仿) fish, complete with a flexible tail that moves from side to side and two “fins”. When the robot is under the sea, a motor is pumping water into a pair of balloon-like rooms located in the robot’s tail. These rooms operate like the key parts of engines. As one room expands, the tail bends to one side; when the motor pushes water to the other channel, the tail bends in the other direction. Thus the robot gains the ability to move to where it wants to go. SoFi solves many of the issues that have affected the usefulness of previous robots---some types of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). AUVs traditionally often have had to be tied to a boat because radio frequency communications do not work well underwater, so researchers use sound waves. The new technology can travel greater distances, allowing drivers, by using a controller, to pilot SoFi from up to 50 feet away. SoFi can move in the ocean, unaffected by ropes. Also limiting traditional AUVs’ usefulness is the risk of hitting something, like hard stones. With the outside made of rubber and plastic that can keep its built-in electronics dry, SoFi can efficiently avoid hitting, so it is more likely to survive a potential crisis. During test dives in Rainbow Reef, SoFi swam alongside the unsuspecting ocean life at depths of 50 feet for up to 40 minutes at a time, obtaining high-quality photos and videos. More importantly, it was able to do so without causing any disturbance. Researchers say sometimes the fish would swim alongside the strange-looking robot in curiosity, while at other times they appeared to completely ignore its existence. “It’s not perfect, but we’re improving it. Our efforts will pay off,”says Robert Katzschmann. 8. Why is the robot Sofi created?. A. To observe climate change. B. To help to monitor sea creatures. C. To catch fish and observe them. D. To prevent overfishing in oceans. 9. What’s Paragraph 3 mainly written to show? A. The shape of SoFi. B. The application of SoFi. C. The structure of SoFi’s tail D. The theory of SoFi’s movement. 10. The materials for Sofi’s outside help it to_____________. A. Stay safe underwater. B. Avoid hitting sth efficiently. C. Survive a potential crisis under the sea. D. Better observe and check sea creatures. 11. What’s Robert Katzschmann’s attitude towards SoFi? A. Satisfied. B. Negative. C. Hopeful. D. Neutral. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C 【解析】 本文为说明文。文章介绍了机器人 SoFi用于监测海洋动物，SoFi的运作原理和它的安全性。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“it is becoming increasingly important for researchers to closely observe and check sea animals and plants. However, it’s almost impossible to make it since human presence scares the animals. Now, thanks to the robot, SoFi, researchers may be able to solve the problem.(研究人员密切观察和检查海洋动植物变 得越来越重要。然而，这几乎是不可能的，因为人类的存在吓坏了动物。现在，多亏了机器人 SoFi，研究 人员可能能够解决这个问题)”可知，研究人员创造 SoFi用于帮助他们监测海洋动物。故选 B项。 【9题详解】 段落大意题。根据第三段“When the robot is under the sea, a motor is pumping water into a pair of balloon-like rooms located in the robot’s tail. These rooms operate like the key parts of engines. As one room expands, the tail bends to one side; when the motor pushes water to the other channel, the tail bends in the other direction. Thus the robot gains the ability to move to where it wants to go(当机器人在水下时，一个电机将水抽进机器人尾部的两 个气球一样的房间。这些房间就像引擎的关键部件一样运转。当一个房间扩张时，它的尾巴向一边弯曲;当 马达把水推到另一个通道时，尾部就会向另一个方向弯曲。这样，机器人就有能力移动到它想去的地方。)” 可知，该段落讲解了机器人 SoFi运作的原理。故选 D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“With the outside made of rubber and plastic that can keep its built-in electronics dry, SoFi can efficiently avoid hitting, so it is more likely to survive a potential crisis.(由于外层由橡胶和塑料制成， 可以保持内置电子设备的干燥，SoFi 可以有效地避免碰撞，因此更有可能在潜在的危机中生存下来。)”可 知，SoFi的外部材料可以使它在水下更安全。故选 A项。 【11题详解】 观点态度题。根据最后一段 “‘It’s not perfect, but we’re improving it. Our efforts will pay off,’says Robert Katzschmann.(“它并不完美，但我们正在改进。我们的努力会有回报的”罗伯特•卡茨曼说)”可知，Robert Katzschmann对 SoFi 的态度是充满希望的。故选 C项。 D What’s the effect of poetry on our brain? Scientists have been investigating the neuronal (神经元的) connections and brain circuits that can work in the reading of poetry for some time. And, even though the research has only just begun, the results are already fascinating. Poetry has the oldest recorded texts in literature. Although it’s impossible to say exactly when it began to be used in the oral tradition, we dare to say that it’s accompanied humanity forever. This gives us an idea of the impact that poetic language can have on our emotional and cognitive state. The emotional response to literature in general shares areas of activation with music. However, more areas of the right hemisphere (半球) seem to be related to poetry. The researchers measured the goosebumps resulting from the tingling (强烈感受) sensation in reading poetry. This type of sensation has also been proven to result from music. However, the tingling sensations produced by poetry activate different areas of the brain compared to those activated by music. Dr. Eugen Wassiliwizky’s team collected data on behavioral responses in people reading or listening to poetry. They proved that poetry is capable of causing emotional responses and rich emotional experiences. In addition, a poem expresses the poet’s ideas. From a psychological view, poetry is a game of language that manages to group words in a surprising way. We could compare this with how a chef combines ingredients that seem impossible to combine, producing extraordinary results. Poetry is based on rules of construction. It sets up a rhythm, which then breaks, before finally returning to it. The play on the meanings of words, sometimes several meanings in just one word, is extremely intellectually inspiring. We can read a poem a thousand times, and still find its new meanings. Generally, our passage through the wonderful world of poetry is cut short by a rather reduced exposure during childhood and the overly analytical approach of this literary genre (类型),which is given in most schools. Although, the studies that experts have conducted on poetry get a lot of interesting results, poetry still holds a mystery that science hasn’t yet been able to investigate. For example, why a perfect cadence (抑扬顿挫) and rhythm can lift the spirit of people is the new challenge for the research. 12. What is the main difference between poetry and music? A. Music causes fewer goosebumps. B. Poetry creates more tingling sensations. C. They work on different parts of the brain. D. They are processed in different parts of the brain. 13. What does the author probably think of poetry? A. It is vague in its meaning but rich in emotional experience. B. It combines ingredients and extraordinary results. C. It expresses something about the poet. D. It’s a pure game of language that surprises to give readers. 14. What might be the problem when we learn poetry at school? A. We analyze this literary genre too much. B. We make children more exposed to it. C. We haven’t read a poem a thousand times. D. We rely too much on our teachers. 15. What is this text mainly about? A. Findings about poetry. B. The history of poetry. C. How to write poetry. D. How to appreciate poetry. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了关于“诗歌对大脑的影响”的研究成果以及作者对诗歌的看法。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“However, the tingling sensations produced by poetry activate different areas of the brain compared to those activated by music.(然而，与音乐相比，诗歌所产生的刺痛感激活了大脑的不同 区域。)”可知，诗歌和音乐的主要不同之处在于它们对大脑的不同区域产生刺激作用。故选 C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In addition, a poem expresses the poet’s ideas.(此外，诗歌还能表达诗人的思想。)” 可知，作者认为诗歌可以表达关于诗人的思想等一些诗歌以外的东西。故选 C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Generally, our passage through the wonderful world of poetry is cut short by a rather reduced exposure during childhood and the overly analytical approach of this literary genre (类型),which is given in most schools.(一般来说，我们对美妙的诗歌世界的探索被童年时期较少的接触和大多数学校对这种 文学体裁的过度分析所打断。)”可知，作者认为我们在学生时期学习诗歌时的过度分析打断了我们对诗歌 世界的探索，故选 A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“And, even though the research has only just begun, the results are already fascinating.(而且，尽管研究才刚刚开始，结果已经很吸引人了。)”，可推断，文章句首就点明主题，在接 下来的段落为读者详细阐述研究诗歌的结果和发现。所以主要讲述了诗歌的发现。故选 A项。 第二节(共 5小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Making other people feel good feels good Making other people feel good feels good, and best of all, it requires little more than a generous heart. Studies show that people feel happier when they do something kind for another person, and both recipients (接受者) and good deed doers can get the benefits. It can’t be a smarter idea to create this World Kindness Day. ___16___ Learn a friend’s language Picking up a bit of your friends or co-workers’ first language and speaking it with them shows them that you care about and take an interest in their experiences. Someone feeling included and respected will feel a greater sense of belonging, an important part of happiness. ___17___ Reaching out to someone for the first time in a long time can be an instant remedy (处理方法) for whatever troubles you. It’s as simple as a text, a note or a call. Let someone know you’re thinking of them, even after some time apart. Studies suggest strong relationships can improve physical health, too. Sincerely compliment someone A respectful comment that comes from the heart about someone’s unique hair style, excellent performance or their great solution to a problem at work might be all it takes to improve someone’s mood. ___18___ Collect trash you see around your neighborhood Picking up trash and recyclable items on the street beautifies your community and benefits the environment. ___19___ The environment can’t clean itself, after all! Thank the people in your life They are the security guard outside of your workplace, the supermarket worker you see every day and your mom. ___20___ Thank people for the things, big and small, that they do that improve your life. Appreciation is priceless. A. Have eye contact with friends. B. Reconnect with a friend or family member. C. It might even inspire others to take up the task with you. D. Without their help, your world might not be efficient (高效的). E. Open your heart with some small, free ways to make someone’s day. F. Make sure the people you spend time with are supportive of your goals. G. Others’ positive words could help some people be a bit kinder to themselves, too. 【答案】16. E 17. B 18. G 19. C 20. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章就“如何使别人快乐”给出了建议并指出了这些建议的好处。 【16题详解】 根据下文各段标题句可知，作者给出了一些“让别人感觉良好”的方法，这些方法有的是很小的举动，有 的是很随意的方式，总之结果都是使对方感觉良好和舒适，与 E项中所说的“用一些小的、免费的方式打 开你的心扉，让别人开心一天。”是一致的，且该项中的“make someone’s day”与前面“to create this World Kindness Day”意义一致，E项内容起到承上启下的过渡作用。故选 E项。 【17题详解】 设空处为本段小标题。根据第三段第三句“Let someone know you’re thinking of them, even after some time apart.(让对方知道你很想念他，即使已经分开了一段时间。)”可知，该段是建议读者与长久未联系的朋友 或家人重新取得联系，从而让对方知道“你很想念他”。选项 B“与朋友或家人重新取得联系”符合该段 的主旨。故选 B项。 【18题详解】 根据第四段标题句“Sincerely compliment someone(真诚地赞美别人)”可知，该段主要写发自内心的赞美所 带来的效果，选项 G“别人的积极话语也可以帮助一些人对自己更友好一些。”强调了来自别人积极的、 肯定的赞美所带来的影响，与该段大意相符。故选 G项。 【19题详解】 第四段标题句“Collect trash you see around your neighborhood(收集你在附近看到的垃圾)”建议读者收集周 围的垃圾，该段第一句“Picking up trash and recyclable items on the street beautifies your community and benefits the environment.(在街上捡垃圾和可回收的物品可以美化你的社区，也有利于环境。)”强调了收集 垃圾对于社区和环境的好处，选项 C“它甚至可能激励别人和你一起承担这项任务。”讲述的是“收集垃 圾”对于别人的影响，符合本段主题内容，it指代上文的“Picking up trash and recyclable items on the street”。 故选 C项。 【20题详解】 最后一段标题句“Thank the people in your life(感谢你生命中的人)”。选项 D“没有他们的帮助，你的世界 可能不会很高效。”解释了感谢前面提到的那些人(保安，超市员工，妈妈)的原因，符合文章逻辑。且 D 项中的 their指代前文提到的“the security guard”、“the supermarket worker”和“your mom”，语意连贯，逻辑通 顺，故选 D项。 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分 30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共 15小题，每小题 1分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 JK Rowling has shared some rejection letters publishers sent to her in an effort to encourage other authors. Rowling posted the ___21___ on Twitter after a request from a fan. They related to “The Cuckoo’s Calling”, her first novel ___22___ the pen name as Robert Galbraith. But Rowling’s “Harry Potter” was also ___23___ several times before the novel became so___24___. It became one of the greatest phenomena in children’s literature, with sales of more than 400-million copies worldwide. Asked how she kept ___25___ after being refused, she replied: “I had nothing to lose and sometimes that made you brave enough to try. ” JK Rowling had published three successful novels before the “Harry Potter”, ___26___ the first was rejected by several publishers. They thought the writing was terrible, and Rowling was even ___27___ to take a writing course. Rowling ___28___ the signatures of the publishers when she posted the letters online, saying her motive was “inspiration not revenge (报复)”. Rowling hoped to encourage others by ___29___ the rejections. The longest and most detailed rejection — despite the advice on a writing course — included helpful ____30____ on how to contribute to a publisher. The publisher added: “I regret that we have unwillingly come to the conclusion that we could not ____31____ it because publishing the novel can’t bring any ____32____ to the publishing house. You know we need money.” The ____33____ rejection from another publisher said the publishing house had become part of another publishing group and was not ____34____ new novels. When “The Cuckoo’s Calling” ____35____ found a publisher in 2013, it achieved amazing sales, and it shot to the top of the bestseller lists in the world. Later, people knew who wrote it. 21. A. novels B. pictures C. comments D. letters 22. A. with B. in C. of D. for 23. A. stored up B. broken down C. turned down D. put aside 24. A. special B. successful C. useful D. wonderful 25. A. motivated B. grateful C. excited D. worried 26. A. and B. but C. so D. until 27. A. warned B. demanded C. advised D. ordered 28. A. signed B. covered C. replaced D. added 29. A. sharing B. forgetting C. selling D. experiencing 30. A. suggestions B. requests C. opinions D. directions 31. A. buy B. manage C. publish D. believe 32. A. point B. advantage C. interest D. income 33. A. strangest B. shortest C. funniest D. best 34. A. correcting B. recognizing C. developing D. accepting 35. A. secretly B. occasionally C. eventually D. fortunately 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作家 JK罗琳的小说在出版之前曾经遭到过很多次的拒绝，但她没有气馁，最 终她的作品被出版并成为了畅销书。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：应一位粉丝的请求，罗琳在推特上发布了这些信件。A. novels小说；B. pictures 照片，图片；C. comments评论；D. letters信件。根据第一段中“JK Rowling has shared some rejection letters publishers sent to her”可知，此处指罗琳在推特上发布的是一些信件。故选 D项。 【22题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：这与她的第一部小说《布谷鸟的呼唤》(The Cuckoo’s Calling)有关，这是她用 Robert Galbraith作笔名的第一部小说。A. with 用；B. in在……里；C. of……的；D. for为了。根据空后的“the pen name”可知，此处指罗琳用笔名写小说。故选 A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是罗琳的《哈利·波特》在获得成功之前也被拒绝了好几次。A. stored up收藏； B. broken down损坏，分解；C. turned down拒绝；D. put aside储存。根据第三段句首的“being refused”可 知，此处指《哈利·波特》被拒绝了好几次。故选 C项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是罗琳的《哈利·波特》在获得成功之前也被拒绝了好几次。A. special特殊 的；B. successful 成功的；C. useful 有用的；D. wonderful 精彩的。根据后文“It became one of the greatest phenomena in children’s literature, with sales of more than 400-million copies worldwide.”可知，此处指《哈利·波 特》这本小说是非常成功的作品。故选 B项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当被问及如何在被拒绝后保持动力时，她回答说：“我没什么可失去的，有 时这让你有足够的勇气去尝试。”A. motivated 有上进心的，；B. grateful感激的；C. excited 兴奋的；D. worried 担心的。根据后文罗琳所说的话“sometimes that made you brave enough to try.”可知，被拒绝之后仍然勇敢 地去尝试，这是非常有上进心的。故选 A项。 【26题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：在《哈利·波特》之前，JK·罗琳已经出版了三部成功的小说，但第一部都被几家 出版商拒绝了。A. and并且，和；B. but但是；C. so所以；D. until直到。空前说“JK Rowling had published three successful novels”，而空后又说“the first was rejected”，前后意义相反，是转折关系。故选 B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们认为罗琳的写作很糟糕，甚至有人建议罗琳去上写作课。A. warned警告； B. demanded要求；C. advised建议；D. ordered命令。根据第五段中“despite the advice on a writing course” 可知，此处指有些出版商建议罗琳去上写作课，这是 advice的原词重现。故选 C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗琳在网上发布信件时遮住了出版商的签名，称自己的动机是“激励而不是报 复”。A. signed署名；B. covered覆盖；C. replaced代替；D. added增加。根据后文“saying her motive was “inspiration not revenge (报复)””可知，罗琳的动机不是为了报复出版商，所以为了不给曾经拒绝过她的出 版商带来负面影响，把他们的名字遮盖住了。故选 B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗琳希望通过分享她被拒的经历来鼓励其他人。A. sharing分享；B. forgetting忘 记；C. selling 出售；D. experiencing体验。根据第二段第一句“Rowling posted the ___1___ on Twitter after a request from a fan.”可知，罗琳在社交网站上发布这些被拒绝的信件是跟粉丝分享经历。故选 A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最长、最详细的拒绝——尽管有关于写作课程的建议——包括如何向出版商投 稿的有用建议。A. suggestions 建议；B. requests请求；C. opinions观点；D. directions 方向，指示。根据空 后的定语“on how to contribute to a publisher”可知，这些内容都属于“建议”。故选 A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：出版商补充说：“我很遗憾，我们不情愿地得出了不能出版的结论，因为出版 小说不会给出版社带来任何好处。”A. buy购买；B. manage 处理，设法做；C. publish出版；D. believe 相 信。根据空后的“because publishing the novel can’t bring any ___12___ to the publishing house.”可知，此处 是 publish的原词重现。故选 C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：出版商补充说：“我很遗憾，我们不情愿地得出了不能出版的结论，因为出版 小说不会给出版社带来任何收入。”A. point要点；B. advantage优势，利益；C. interest兴趣，利息；D. income 收入。根据后文“You know we need money.”可知，出版商拒绝罗琳的理由是出版小说不能给他们带来任何 金钱的收入。故选 D项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：来自另一家出版社的最短的拒绝说，这家出版社已经成为另一家出版集团的 一部分，不接受新的小说。A. strangest最奇怪的；B. shortest最短的；C. funniest最滑稽的；D. best最好的。 根据第五段第一句中的“The longest and most detailed rejection(最长、最详细的拒绝)”可知，在介绍了最长 的拒绝之后，此处应介绍的是最短的拒绝信。故选 B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：来自另一家出版社的最短的拒绝说，这家出版社已经成为另一家出版集团的一 部分，不接受新的小说。A. correcting校正；B. recognizing认出；C. developing发展；D. accepting接受，承 担。本段主要介绍最短的拒绝信的内容，“拒绝”即不再接受。故选 D项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：2013年，当《布谷鸟的呼唤》最终找到出版商时，它取得了惊人的销量，一跃 登上了全球畅销书排行榜的榜首。A. secretly 秘密地；B. occasionally偶然地；C. eventually最终；D. fortunately 幸运地。根据第二段中的“They related to “The Cuckoo’s Calling””可知，《布谷鸟的呼唤》这部小说也曾遭 到过拒绝，所以此处指在遭受过拒绝之后终于找到了出版商。故选 C项。 第二节语篇填空(共 10小题;每小题 1.5分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China, which takes ___36___ (proud) in four inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ability ___37___(change) the world with its “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payment, shared bicycles and online shopping. Recently, the “new four great inventions” have improved the quality of people’s lives. Thanks to online shopping and mobile payment, people can buy anything ___38___ they want simply with a phone within doors. High-speed trains ___39___ (short) the journey from Beijing to the coastal city Tianjin to half ___40___ hour. As for the bikes, they themselves are not new. It is the operating model of bike-sharing ___41___(base) on satellite navigation (导航) system, mobile payment as well as big data that has surprised the world. Shared bicycles are bringing cycling back to people’s lives ___42___ they are making public transport more attractive. It is ___43___ (increase) clear that China is no longer copying western ideas and is leading in many new ways. A growing number of foreign companies hope to promote the development in their home country ___44___ highlighting the need for ____45____ (technology) achievements like that of China. 【答案】36. pride 37. to change 38. that 39. have shortened 40. an 41. based 42. and 43. increasingly 44. by 45. technological 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的“新四大发明”给人民生活带来的巨大影响以及对世界其他国家的影响和 促进作用。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：以古代“四大发明”为傲的中国，再一次展示了它用“新四大发明”改变世界的能力。分析句 子成分可知，设空处需填入名词形式作 take 的宾语，pride“骄傲，自豪”是抽象名词，不可数。故填 pride。 【37题详解】 考查不定式。句意：以古代“四大发明”为傲的中国，再一次展示了它用“新四大发明”改变世界的能力。分析 句子成分可知，设空处需填入不定式形式作定语修饰 ability。故填 to change。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：多亏了网上购物和移动支付，人们只要在室内用一部手机就可以买到他 们想要的任何东西。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句修饰 anything，该词在从句中作 want的宾语。 当先行词是指物的不定代词时，关系代词只能用 that引导。故填 that。 【39题详解】 考查动词和时态。句意：高铁把从北京到海滨城市天津的旅程缩短到半小时。分析句子成分可知，设空处 需填入动词形式作谓语，主语 High-speed trains与动词 shorten 之间是主动关系，故应用主动语态；且“高 铁缩短北京和天津之间的距离”这件事情已经发生了，并且已经给人们的生活带来了便利，所以设空处的 动词也应用现在完成式。故填 have shortened。 【40题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：高铁把从北京到海滨城市天津的旅程缩短到半小时。空后的“hour”是可数名词单数形 式，故设空处需填入不定冠词，又因为 hour的第一个音素是元音，故填 an。 【41题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：基于卫星导航系统、移动支付和大数据的共享单车运营模式让世界为之震惊。分析 句子成分可知，该句是一个强调句，被强调部分是主语“the operating model of bike-sharing(共享单车的运营 模式)”，设空处需填入非谓语动词形式作后置定语修饰主语，base是及物动词，意为“以……作为基础”，主 语与 base之间在逻辑上是被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式。故填 based。 【42题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：共享单车让自行车回到了人们的生活中，也让公共交通变得更有吸引力。分析句子 成分可知，设空处的前后是两个完整且相对独立的句子，故应填入连词来将两句话连接起来。前半句“Shared bicycles are bringing cycling back to people’s lives(共享单车让自行车回到了人们的生活中)”说的是共享单车 的作用和好处；后半句“they are making public transport more attractive.(它们让公共交通变得更有吸引力。)” 也说的是共享单车的好处和作用，前后意义并列，所以应用表示并列关系的连词。故填 and。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：越来越明显的是，中国不再复制西方的思想，而是在许多新领域引领世界。分析句子成 分可知，该句中 It是形式主语，that引导主语从句。设空处需填入副词形式修饰表语 clear。故填 increasingly。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：考查越来越多的外国公司希望通过强调对中国这样的技术成果的需求来促进本国的发展。 分析句意可知，“highlighting the need(强调需求)”是“promote the development(促进发展)”的方式，所以设空 处需填入介词与“highlighting the need(强调需求)”一起构成方式状语，故填 by。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：考查越来越多的外国公司希望通过强调对中国这样的技术成果的需求来促进本国的发 展。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入形容词形式来修饰 achievements，故填 technological。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40分) 第一节 应用文(满分 15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校将在每周进行中国民族舞蹈培训。请你用英语给你班的美国交换生Mike写一封邮 件，告诉他相关信息。内容包括： 1. 介绍培训的相关安排; 2. 说明培训的目的; 3. 表达希望对方参加的愿望。 注意： 1. 词数 80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：中国民族舞 Chinese national dance，指导 guidance Dear Mike, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mike, I’m writing to share a piece of good news with you. Our school will hold the Chinese national dance training class for exchange students on weekends, which will start from September 22nd and end on December 22nd, lasting three months. Some famous dancing teachers will offer basic guidance. The reason why our school holds this training class is that foreign students should know more about Chinese culture in order to learn Chinese well, and Chinese national dance plays an important role in Chinese culture. I do hope you’ll take this chance. Join the training class and know more about China! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国交换生Mike写一封邮件，告诉他关于学校即将进行中国民族舞 蹈培训的相关信息。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：三段式 第一段写来信目的；第二段写培训的相关信息及目的；第三段表达希望对方参加的愿望。 要求： 1. 介绍培训的相关安排; 2. 说明培训的目的; 3. 表达希望对方参加的愿望。 第二步:列提纲 (重点词组) share sth. with sb., a piece of good news, Chinese national dance, basic guidance, play an important role in sth. 第三步：连词成句 1. I’m writing to share a piece of good news with you. 2. Our school will hold the Chinese national dance training class for exchange students on weekends. 3. The class will start from September 22nd and end on December 22nd. 4. The class will last three months. 5. Some famous dancing teachers will offer basic guidance. 6. Foreign students should know more about Chinese culture in order to learn Chinese well. 7. Chinese national dance plays an important role in Chinese culture. 8. I do hope you’ll take this chance. 9. Join the training class and know more about China! 根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇(衔接词) 1.表并列补充关系：and 2.表因果关系：The reason why…is that… 3.表目的关系：in order to 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，确保句式的多样性。 【点睛】[高分句型 1] Our school will hold the Chinese national dance training class for exchange students on weekends, which will start from September 22nd and end on December 22nd, lasting three months.该句是一个复 合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 the Chinese national dance training class。 [高分句型 2] The reason why our school holds this training class is that foreign students should know more about Chinese culture in order to learn Chinese well, and Chinese national dance plays an important role in Chinese culture.该句中 why引导定语从句修饰 reason，that引导表语从句，in order to作目的状语。 第二节 读后续写(满分 25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150左右。 When the employees at the Domino’s pizza place in Salem, Oregon, hadn’t received any order from Kirk Alexander for more than 2 weeks, they knew something wasn’t right. Kirk was a loyal customer and the staff all knew him. So it was natural that they got worried when they had no news about him. Their concern saved his life. Sarah Fuller, the general manager at the Domino’s branch, said that Kirk, who was 48 years old, had been a loyal customer since 2009. “He orders every day, or every other day,” Sarah said. Normally, his order came up on the screen because he ordered online. So we saw it came across the screen and we were thinking, “Oh, Kirk’s order.” After a few days without a single order, Sarah and the staff started to worry. A few Domino’s drivers had mentioned that they hadn’t seen his order come across their screen in a while. Sarah checked the system and saw that no order had come in 11 days. So they decided to investigate. Sarah decided to send Tracy Hamblen, a deliver driver, to Kirk’s place. When he got there, he immediately knew something was wrong. While the lights and TV were on, Kirk did not come to the door. Additionally, his phone went directly to voicemail. So Tracy immediately called 911. Para.1: When the police arrived at the place, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Para.2: A few days later, Kirk was released from the hospital. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Para1: When the police arrived at the place, they heard a cry for help from the inside of the house. Inside, they found Kirk, who was in need of immediate medical help. Due to the quick actions of Tracy, Kirk is in stable condition at the Salem Hospital. The Domino’s employees received a lot of praise online for their unbelievable thoughtfulness. But they said that it was just part of their job and they were just doing their job. Para2: A few days later, Kirk was released from the hospital. He came to the Domino’s personally with some homemade cookies to say thank--you to Sarah and the Domino’s staff. The Domino’s mentioned that “Caring for customers should not be taken at face value. We should remember that the customers determine the success of our company and in turn we can also have an impact on their lives, small or big.” Kirk’s story has made this pizza shop even more popular in the community, and it has received more orders ever since. 【解析】 【分析】 文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个披萨店的员工，细心地发现近期没有收到来自老顾客 Kirk 的订单，于 是派人前去查看，发现 Kirk生病并及时报警就医，确保了 Kirk的安全。员工的善举为披萨店赢得了更多的 称赞和订单。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当警察赶到现场时，”可知，第一段可描写警察将 Kirk 送到医院的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“几天后，Kirk出院了。”可知，第二段可描写 Kirk出院后去披萨店感谢员工们拯救了 他的生命以及该披萨店因为善意举动而为自己赢得更多的订单和顾客。 2.续写线索：呼救——成功被救助——感谢——店员表达观点——披萨店更受欢迎 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①大声求救：cry for help /shout for help /scream for help ②受到赞扬：received a lot of praise / be praised greatly ③照顾，护理： caring for/taking care of/ 情绪类 ①.感谢：say thank--you / express appreciation / show appreciation /show his gratitude/be grateful ②.体贴：thoughtfulness /being considerate 【点睛】 [高分句型 1]. Inside, they found Kirk, who was in need of immediate medical help.(由关系代词 who引导的非限 制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Kirk。) [高分句型 2]. We should remember that the customers determine the success of our company and in turn we can also have an impact on their lives, small or big.(that引导宾语从句作 remember的宾语。)