第13周+人物故事类-试题君之周末培优君2017-2018学年高考英语人教版

第13周+人物故事类-试题君之周末培优君2017-2018学年高考英语人教版

第 13 周 人物故事类阅读理解 （测试时间：40 分钟，总分：60 分） 班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 座号：____________ 得分：____________ I.单项填空(每小题 1 分，共 8 分) 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.The publication of Great Expectations, which __________both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist. A.is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态与主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，which 指代 Great Expectations 这本书， 故定语从句 中的谓语动词应该使用单数形式；根据句中的 strengthened 可知，应使用一般过去时态。故答案为 C。 2.—Do you have Betty’s phone number? —Yes. Otherwise, I__________ able to reach her yesterday. A. hadn’t been B. wouldn’t have been C. weren’t D. wouldn’t be 【答案】B 3.When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be __________trees that are over 1,000 years old. A. among B. against C. behind D. below 【答案】A 【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：当你开车穿行于加利福尼亚州的红木森林时，你就会被有一千多年树龄的 树木包围着。这里用介词 among 表示＂在……中＂，与前面的 through the Redwood Forests 呼应。 4.Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you__________me, I could have helped. A. told B. had told C. were to tell D. would tell 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：你上个星期为什么不告诉我你的问题呢?如果你告诉我了，我就能帮你了。 根据句意及空后的＂could have helped＂判断，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，应用过去完成时，故选 B。 5.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts__________with success in the end. A. rewarded B. B. were rewarded C. will reward D. will be rewarded 【答案】D 6. __________over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. A. Ordering B. To order C. Having ordered D. Ordered 【答案】D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些书是一个多星期以前订购的，预计马上会到货。分析句子成分可知， 此处应用非谓语动词；order 与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语表示被动和完成。 7.— The movie starts at 8:30, and we can have a quick bite before we go. —__________. See you at 8:10. A. So long B. Sounds great C. Good luck D. Have a good time 【答案】B 【解析】考查交际用语。——电影 8 点半开始，我们去之前可以快速吃点东西。——听起来不错，那我们 8 点 10 分见。根据句意可知，第二个人是对第一个人的说法表示赞同，所以 B 项符合语境。 8.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of__________has been proved. A. whom B. which C. what D. that 【答案】B II.阅读理解(每小题 1.5 分，共 12 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A When I was watching a sports event yesterday, I met with an amazing sight. It was not a gold medal, or a world record broken, but a show of pure courage and determination. The event was swimming. I watched a man dive off the blocks and knew right away that something was wrong. I’m not an expert swimmer, but I can tell a good dive from a poor one, and this was not exactly medal quality. When he resurfaced, it was evident that the man was not out for gold — his arms were waving in an attempt at freestyle. I heard the crowd begin to laugh at this poor man who was clearly having a hard time. Finally he made his turn to start back. It was pitiful. He made a few desperate strokes (划水) and you could tell he was worn out. But in those few awkward strokes, the crowd changed. No longer were they laughing, but beginning to cheer. Some even began to stand and yell things like, ＂Come on, you can do it!＂ He did. The crowd went wild. Just a short year ago, he had never even swum, let alone race. His country had been invited to take part in the event. Even though he recorded the slowest time, this man gave more heart than any of the other competitors—a man that gave his all, knowing that he had no chance but to compete because of the spirit of the games. 1. We know from the passage that the swimmer _________ . A. was not professional B. had two competitors C. had a wrong start D. didn’t try his best 2. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs? A. The swimmer lost his spirit. B. The swimmer didn’t finish his match. C. The audience was touched deeply by the swimmer. D. The crowd supported the swimmer from the beginning. 3. The author’s attitude towards the swimmer is that of ___________ . A. tolerance B. disappointment C. carelessness D. admiration 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了一位游泳选手在明知自己没有机会获得名次的情况下仍然坚持完比赛，最后 观众被他＂努力争取＂的比赛精神所深深地感动。 2. C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的＂No longer were they laughing, but beginning to cheer. Some even began to stand and yell＂及第四段中的＂Just a short year ago, he had never even swum, let alone race. His country had been invited to take part in the event.＂可知，观众起立为 这位选手喝彩，最后甚至他的国家也 被邀请参与其中，可见观众们被他的比赛精神深深地感动了，故 C 项正确。 3. D【解析】观点态度题。根据第一段中的＂It was not a gold medal, or a world record broken, but a show of pure courage and determination.＂可知，作者很钦佩这位选手的勇气和决心，故 D 项正确。 人物故事类的文章体裁一般是记叙文，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。写作手法多 采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。主要向读者介绍科学家、文学 家、思想家、政治家、企业家以及影视、体育明星等杰出人物，尤其重视介绍这些杰出人物在各自领域 所取得的重大成就，如何克服身体残缺、自然环境和社会环境所造成的困难取得的成功等。文章一般会 歌颂他们在为人类作出巨大贡献的同时，也为自己的事业谱写出了精彩的篇章。 B Everyone wants to be happy, but not everyone can make it. Do you want to have a good mood every day? If so, the following steps will be useful to you. Be grateful. 1 They can be simple things like the purple flower on the sidewalk, the beautiful sunset, and the hot shower you take every day. When you have a grateful heart, you’ll cherish them and be automatically filled with happiness. 2 When you put your mind, heart and soul into what you’re doing, you’re creating a happiness state — called the ＂flow＂. When you’re living in the flow, you’re less likely to mind what others may think about you, and less bothered by unimportant things. The result? More happiness, of course! Become a problem solver. Happy people are problem solvers. 3 Instead, they face up to the challenge and channel their energies into finding a creative solution. By becoming a problem solver, you’ll build up your self-confidence and your ability to accomplish whatever you determine to do. Practice forgiveness. Hatred and anger are forms of self-punishment. When you forgive, you’re actually practicing kindness to yourself. 4 Everyone makes mistakes. It’s through our mistakes that we learn and grow to become a bigger and better person. Give back. Doing good is one of the surest ways to feel good. According to Harvard, when people do good, their brains become active in the very same reward center that is stimulated(刺激) when they experience other rewards. 5 A. Go with the flow. B. Focus on what you are doing. C. And most importantly, learn to forgive yourself. D. When they face a challenge in life, they don’t fall into a sad state. E. When they meet with difficulties, they will solve them on their own. F. So it’s not a surprise that people who care more about others are happier. G. Slow down, look around, and pay attention to the little details in your life. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何成为一个快乐的人。 1.G 【解析】根据第二段中的＂They can be simple things like the purple flower on the sidewalk, the beautiful sunset, and the hot shower you take every day＂以及 G 项中的＂the little details＂ 与＂simple things＂的对应关系可知，G 项符合语境。 3.D 【解析】根据小标题＂Become a problem solver＂及空后的＂Instead, they face up to the challenge and channel their energies into finding a creative solution＂可知，此处所填内容应是与解决 问题有关的，且要与后文构成转折关系，故 D 项＂当他们在生活中遇到挑战的时候，他们不会陷入悲 伤的状态＂符合语境。本题考生易错选 E 项。E 项说的是＂当他们遇到困难时，他们会自己解决＂，虽 然该选项的内容与＂解决问题＂有关，但与空后的＂相反，他们勇敢面对挑战，并把精力倾注于找到 一个有创意的解决办法＂之间没有转折关系，语义联系不起来，故可排除。 4.C 【解析】根据小标题＂Practice forgiveness＂及空前的＂When you forgive, you’re actually practicing kindness to yourself＂和空后的＂Everyone makes mistakes＂可知，每一个人都会犯 错，但最重要的是学会原谅自己。故 C 项符合语境。 III. 完形填空(每小题 1 分，共 20 分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The wood stove’s cheery flames cast golden light that flickered(闪烁) across my family’s faces. In the still of the evening, 1 in our cozy room with my family, I had never felt so 2 and calm. I hadn’t always felt that way 3 we moved to the mountains and 4 our living space and belongings. We’d not only downsized physical things, but we’d also cleared out 5 clutter(杂乱的东西), starting with 6 live television! Right away, something wonderful had 7 . Although I’d never watched a lot of television, the emotions 8 by the stories that I’d seen on TV 9 remained in my thoughts, making me blue. Now, I found myself in better spirits 10 the violence, or sadness that the television had broadcast. Planning was easy now that our 11 no longer centered around a weekly show. The 12 about who got to watch what shows ended. We 13 ourselves to writing, reading books, and enjoying 14 (we had plenty of viewing time for the sunset, the stars, or the storm clouds). Family discussions no longer 15 that day’s shows; we created our own news. We talked about our lives, our home and had in-depth 16 with each other. And at last our minds found peace as our family grew 17 together. I can’t help but wonder how many 18 memories would never have been made if we’d kept our 19 — special moments spent together in the great room, or snacking outside on a blanket. I wouldn’t 20 those moments for all the sitcoms, talk shows, and movies in the world. 1.A.gathering B. progressing C. struggling D. hiding 2.A.enthusiastic B. excited C. contented D. secure 3.A.after B. before C. unless D. if 4.A.enlarged B. shared C. simplified D. beautified 5.A.physical B. social C. intellectual D. mental 6.A.removing B. watching C. destroying D. broadcasting 7.A.pulled back B. flooded in C. faded away D. turned over 8.A.challenged B. damaged C. caused D. inspired 9.A.gradually B. frequently C. randomly D. occasionally 10.A.beyond B. against C. despite D. without 11.A.schedules B. decisions C. customs D. suggestions 12.A.doubts B. compromises C. comments D. quarrels 13.A.abandoned B. submitted C. devoted D. accustomed 14.A.company B. silence C. nature D. communication 15.A.agreed on B. took on C. depended on D. focused on 16.A.conversations B. investigations C. analyses D. relationships 17.A.bigger B. closer C. calmer D. richer 18.A.countless B. endless C. priceless D. valueless 19.A.promise B. tradition C. appointment D. television 20.A.exchange B. prepare C. substitute D. check 【文章大意】在放弃了以电视为中心的生活方式之后，作者感受到了从未有过的满足与平静，家人之 间也变得更加亲近了。 1.A 根据语境可知，在万籁俱寂的夜晚，作者和家人聚集(gathering)在温暖舒适的房间。progress＂前进， 行进＂；struggle＂奋斗，努力＂。 5.D 根据上文的＂ ur living space and belongings. We’d not only downsized physical things， but we’d also cleared out＂可知，作者一家也清理了精神方面的杂乱。mental ＂精神上的＂符合语境。 physical＂身体的＂；social＂社交的＂；intellectual＂智力上的＂。 6.A 根据上下文的内容可知，作者一家从消除(removing)电视直播开始清理精神方面的杂乱。destroy＂摧 毁＂；broadcast＂广播＂。 7.B 根据下文可知，一些美妙的事情纷至沓来(flooded in)。pull back＂撤退，退出＂；fade away＂逐 渐消失＂；turn over＂翻转＂。 8.C 虽然作者从不看很多电视节目，但是在电视上看到的故事所引起(caused)的情绪经常(frequently)留 在他的脑海里，让他郁郁不乐。challenge＂挑战＂；inspire＂激励，激发＂。 9.B 参见上题解析。gradually＂逐渐地＂；randomly＂随意地＂；occasionally＂偶然地＂。 10.D 没有了电视播出的暴力或悲伤，作者发现自己的精神状态更好了。根据语境，应用 without＂无，没 有＂。 11.A 根据语境可知，由于他们不再围绕每周的节目来制订计划表，计划制订变得简单易行了。schedule＂ 计划表，日程表＂。 12.D 关于谁看什么电视节目的争吵(quarrels)终止了。compromise＂妥协＂；comment＂评论＂。 13.C 根据语境可知，作者一家把自身投入到(devoted)写作、读书和享受自然(nature)中。abandon oneself to ...＂陷入，沉湎于＂；submit oneself to ...＂顺从，屈服于＂；accustom oneself to ...＂ 使习惯于＂。 14.C 参见上题解析。下文的＂we had plenty of viewing time for the sunset， the stars， or the storm clouds＂是关键提示。company＂陪伴＂；silence＂寂静＂。 18.C 作者不禁琢磨着如果他们保留了电视(television)，多少珍贵的(priceless)回忆将不会被创造。 countless＂无数的＂；endless＂无尽的＂；valueless＂无价值的，不值钱的＂。考生易误选 D 项。 考生误选 D 项的根源在于未理解 valueless 的含义。valueless 意为＂无价值的，不值钱的＂，而 valuable 意为＂珍贵的，有价值的＂，辨明了这两个词的含义，考生不难选出答案。 19.D 参见上题解析。promise＂承诺＂；tradition＂传统＂；appointment＂约定＂。 20.A 作者不会用那些时刻来交换(exchange)世界上所有的情景喜剧，访谈节目及电影。substitute＂代替， 替换＂， substitute A for B 意为＂用 A 代替 B＂。 IV.语法填空(每小题 1 分，共 10 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Which is the most significant classical Chinese painting? According to Paul Denlinger, who 1 (lay) over in China many times when young, it should be Qingming Shanghe Tu or Along the River During the Qingming Festival. This 2 (create) dates back to the Northern Song dynasty. This painting is important 3 several reasons. First, up until this time, almost all Chinese paintings were landscapes, 4 (contain) no or only a few images of people. Second, this is the first scroll(卷轴) painting 5 (describe) both Chinese urban and suburban life during the period in the capital, Bianjing (now Kaifeng in Henan province).Third, the painting is 6 (high) detailed and features shops of all kinds and different economic activities in and out of the city. People are able to see the Chinese technologies of the time, which helps them 7 great deal in understanding 8 the Chinese lived. The Beijing Palace Museum keeps the 9 (origin) Song painting and one of its famous copies — the Qing version 10 (hold) in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. 【文章大意】中国最重要的经典画作是什么?依在中国生活多年的 Paul Denlinger 来看，那非《清明 上河图》莫属。 3.for 【解析】考查介词。这幅画之所以重要有几条原因。reason 前的介词一般用 for。 for...reason 是固定用 法，意为＂出于……的原因＂。 4.containing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作伴随状语。contain 意为＂包括，包含＂，与句子的 主语 almost all Chinese paintings 是主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。 5.to describe 【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，scroll painting 被序数词修饰，故用不定式作后置定语。 【知识拓展】英语中常用不定式作定语的情况概览：①序数词、形容词最高级后或被序数词、形容词最高 级修饰的名词后；②不定代词 something，nothing，little等后；③抽象名词 time，way，chance，courage， opportunity， wish 等后，且不定式一般用主动形式；④被修饰词前有 the only， the very， the next 等词时；⑤表示将要发生的动作时(不定式既有主动形式，又有被动形式)；⑥there be 句型中作主语的名 词后。 6.highly 【解析】考查副词。第三，这幅画非常细致。空处修饰形容词 detailed，应该填副词。high 和 highly 都 可作副词，但 high 表示＂在高处，向高处，高＂，多指具体的高;而 highly 表示＂非常，很;高标准地＂， 多指抽象意义上的高。结合语境可知，这里应该用 highly。 7.a 【解析】考查冠词。这极大地帮助他们了解那时中国人是怎么生活的。a great deal 在此充当副词，修饰 helps，故填 a。 8.how 9.original 【解析】考查词性转换。空处作定语修饰后面的名词短语，故用 origin 的形容词形式 original＂原来的， 最早的＂。 10.is held 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。one of its famous copies 与 hold 之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；且 此处描述现在的事实，用一般现在时。 V.短文改错 (每小题 1 分，共 10 分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错 误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 I’d like to take the chance to share my plan with you on our Cross Cultural Communication Project. Practical speaking, our communication involves four aspect. First, a brief self-introduction was needed. Then, as all students are extremely interested with foreign students’ life, food and culture, sharing will surely the most popular. In addition, each one which attends the project is expected to describe the education system employing in their own countries. Last but not the least, exchange of skills for language study are of great value to both sides. That’s all. I’m expecting your detail plan. Only with our joint efforts can we ensure the project a great success. 【答案】 I’d like to take the chance to share my plan with you on our Cross Cultural Communication Project. Practical Practically speaking, our communication involves four aspect aspects . First, a brief self-introduction was is needed. Then, as all students are extremely interested with in foreign students’ life, food and culture, sharing will surely be  the most popular. In addition, each one which who attends the project is expected to describe the education system employing employed in their own countries. Last but not the least, exchange of skills for language study are is of great value to both sides. That’s all. I’m expecting your detail detailed plan. Only with our joint efforts can we ensure the project a great success. 第四处：with→in。根据语境可知，此处指所有的学生对外国学生的生活、食物和文化非常感兴趣。be interested in 是固定搭配，表示＂对……感兴趣＂。 第五处：surely 后加 be。分享一定是最受欢迎的。句中有情态动词 will，但后面缺少实义动词或系动词， 本句的表语是 the most popular，故应在表语前加 be。 第六处：which→who。参加这个项目的每一个人都被期望能描述一下他们自己国家所实行的教育制度。分 析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，修饰先行词 each one，且关系词在从句中作主语，故用 who。 第七处：employing→employed。employ 与其逻辑主语 the education system 之间是动宾关系，故应用过 去分词作后置定语。