2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit3Inventorsandinventions单元学案设计（29页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit3Inventorsandinventions单元学案设计（29页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit3Inventors and inventions单元学案设计 话题词汇 ‎1．breakthrough n．突破；重大进展 ‎2．convenience n．便利；方便 ‎3．electronic adj.电子的 ‎4．intelligent adj.智能的 ‎5．invention n．发明；创造 ‎6．technical adj.技术的；工艺的 ‎7．be in the lead领先 ‎8．follow the fashion追随时尚 ‎9．in the field of science在科学领域 ‎10．with the development of 随着……的发展 话题佳作 请你根据下表所提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍车轮的发明及其影响，并谈一谈你对车轮的看法。‎ 最早出现时间 大约6 500年前 最早出现地点 亚洲 发　展 由仅用于运输重物发展为用于轮式车辆；由木制发展为钢制 影　响 使人可以快速搬动大大超过自身重量的物体；促成多种技术的发展与进步 佳作欣赏 Researchers have proved that the first wheel was invented about 6,500 years ago in Asia.At first，it was only a tool that was invented to help people transport heavy things till it became a part of a vehicle.As the time went by，the material of making the wheel has changed from wood to steel with the development of modern technology.We can say the invention of the wheel is rather important for human beings.It not only makes it possible for people to move the things much heavier than themselves quickly but also helps with the development of several kinds of technologies.I believe the invention of the wheel also makes the development of human society faster.‎ 名师点睛 本文结构如下：(1)指出说明对象——车轮的发明；(2)围绕要点进行说明：最早出现的时间及地点；制作材料与用途的发展变化；对人类的影响；(3)个人的观点。文章使用了宾语从句、定语从句、时间状语从句，not only...but also...句式等；at first，go by，with the development of等一些过渡性词汇和高级词汇的使用，使文章条理清晰，读起来更加流畅。‎ 单元基础知识回顾 Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的 convenience n．方便；便利 ‎2．passive adj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的 ‎ ‎3．seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺 ‎ ‎4．file n．文件；档案；文件夹；vt.提交；将……归档 ‎5．freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的 freeze vt.& vi.冻结；凝固 ‎6．bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担 ‎7．current n．(水或气)流；电流；adj.现在的；当前的 ‎8．associate vt.联想；联系；n.同伴；伙伴 association n．联盟；社团；联想 ‎9．practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的 practically adv.实际上；事实上 practice vt.& vi.& n．实践；练习 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎10．distinguish vi.& vt.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别 distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的；高贵的；有尊严的 ‎11．merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的 mercy n．仁慈；慈悲；宽容 ‎12．product n．产品 produce vt.生产 ‎13．abrupt adj.突然的；意外的 ‎14．caution n．小心；谨慎 cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的 ‎15．expectation n．预料；期待；期望 expect vt.& vi.预料；期待；期望 ‎16．merry adj.愉快的；高兴的 ‎17．valid adj.有效的；确凿的 ‎18．ripe adj.熟的；成熟的 ‎19．identification n．鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明 ‎20．innocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的 innocence n．清白；无罪；天真 ‎21．dynamic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的；发展变化的 ‎22．tap vt.& vi.轻打；轻拍；轻敲；n.轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头 ‎23．stable adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的 ‎24．extension n．电话分机；扩大；延伸 ‎25．competence n．能力；胜任；本领 competent adj.能胜任的；有能力的；称职的 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．The heat was unbearable(bear)—almost 125°F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)．(2016·浙江)‎ ‎2．If you are interested，please send an application email at ‎ your earliest convenience(convenient) to Ms.Chen at chenlaoshi@aef.com.(2015·陕西)‎ ‎3．The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing(freeze) wind and snow.(2015·北京)‎ ‎4．They asked her to be merciful(mercy) to the prisoners.‎ ‎5．Also be cautious(caution) about expressing emotions.(2014·重庆)‎ ‎6．Others—apparently including some distinguished(distinguish) men of our time—are spending total fortunes on them.‎ 核心短语突破 ‎1．call up给……打电话 ‎2．now and then偶尔；有时 ‎3．set about开始；着手 ‎4．dive into迅速把手伸入；一心投入 ‎5．set out (to do)开始(做)‎ ‎6．hang on不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住 ‎7．out of order次序颠倒；发生故障 ‎8．get through设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过 ‎9．ring back回复电话 ‎10．ring off挂断电话 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ One day，a student 1.called me up(给我打电话) abruptly，saying that she graduated and 2.set about(开始做某事) hunting for a job.She is fortunate，because a firm just wants a person to manage files.But only by 3.getting through(通过) the interview can she get the job.She wants to seize the current chance and make full preparations.‎ 核心句式突破 ‎1．形容词短语作状语 Prepared with some research findings，I decided on three possible approaches：...‎ 经过一番研究准备之后，我决定了三种可能的方法：……‎ 仿写　由于担心旅馆的费用，昨晚我没睡好。‎ Worried about the hotel bill，I didn’t sleep well last night.‎ ‎2．“only＋状语(从句)”引起的倒装 Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.‎ 只有你获得那种认证之后，你才能说你是一个真正的发明者。‎ 仿写　只有当他为自己的无礼道歉时，我才会再和他说话。‎ Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again.‎ ‎3．祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句 Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.‎ 跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞着你的头脑。‎ 仿写　穿暖和点，不然你会感冒的。‎ Dress warmly，or you’ll catch a cold.‎ 教材与考点链接 ‎ distinguish v．区分；辨别；分清；显示……的差别；使有别于 ‎(1)For example，these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad.‎ 例如，这些机器人能够辨别人什么时候高兴，什么时候伤心。(2015·天津)‎ ‎(2)The Chinese nation is distinguished for its diligence and courage.‎ 中华民族以勤劳勇敢著称。‎ ‎(1)distinguish...from...(distinguish between...and...)使……有别于……的特征；区别……和……‎ ‎(2)distinguished adj.著名的；卓著的；高贵的 be distinguished for因……而出名 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Distinguished(distinguish) guests and friends，welcome to our school.‎ ‎(2)It’s important to distinguish right from wrong.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(3)He was distinguished for his knowledge of economics and was elected as head of the economic school.(用分词短语作状语改写)‎ Distinguished for his knowledge of economics，he was elected as head of the economic school.‎ ‎ bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担；运送；生(孩子)；结(果实)‎ ‎(1)However，a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried out.‎ 但是，计划不经执行就不会产生结果。(2016·浙江)‎ ‎(2)Bear in mind that success comes from hard work.记住：成功来自于努力。‎ bear doing/to do...忍受做……‎ bear sb./sb.’s doing...容忍某人做……‎ bear sb.to do...忍受某人做……‎ keep/bear sth.in mind牢记……‎ ‎(1)bear表示“容忍，忍耐”时多与can/could连用，且多用于否定句和疑问句中。‎ ‎(2)bear的过去分词形式，作“生育，生产”讲时用borne；作“出生”或“出身”时用born。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Mary has borne him six sons and the eldest son was born in 1970.(bear)‎ ‎(2)He can’t bear being laughed/to be laughed(laugh) at.‎ ‎(3)I can’t bear him treating/to treat(treat) his parents like that.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(4)那个妇女已生了两个孩子。‎ ‎①The woman has borne two children.(bear)‎ ‎②The woman has given birth to two children.(birth)‎ ‎③The woman has been delivered of two children.(deliver)‎ ‎ associate v．使联合；联想，联系；交往 n．同伴；伙伴 ‎(1)Some people say that classical music is associated only with old people.‎ 有人说古典音乐只与老年人有关。(2014·安徽)‎ ‎(2)We keep searching the crashed airplane in association with another rescue team from Australia.‎ 我们正和另一支来自澳大利亚的救援队联合搜寻失事的飞机。‎ ‎(1)associate...with...把……和……联系起来 be associated with和……有关 associate with和……交往或打交道 ‎(2)association n．[C]协会；社团；[U]联合；结合；交往 in association with和……联合 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Never associate with bad companions.‎ ‎(2)In the children’s minds summer is associated(associate) with picnics.‎ ‎(3)He associated himself(he) with his brother in banking.‎ ‎(4)There are many serious health problems associated(associate)‎ ‎ with smoking.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(5)He was associated with the murder，so he was arrested.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)‎ Associated with the murder，he was arrested.‎ ‎ seize v．抓住；捉住；夺取；把握；逮捕 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)He who seizes(seize) the right moment is the right man.‎ ‎(2)The boy seized on the rain as an excuse for missing school.‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(3)The man seized me by arm.‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(4)抓住这个机会，你会成功的。‎ Seize the chance and you’ll succeed.‎ seize sb.by the arm抓住某人的胳膊 seize on/upon抓住(可利用的事物)；突然对……大为关注 ‎ call up召唤；使回忆起；提出；给……打电话；征召入伍 ‎[写出下列句子中call up的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)When I’m in Pittsburgh，I call him up.给……打电话 ‎(2)If war breaks out，we shall be called up right away.征召入伍 ‎(3)The movie called up visions of my childhood.使回忆起 ‎[短语填空]‎ ‎(4)The picnic was called off because of the rain.‎ ‎(5)Let’s stop off and call on Tim and his family.‎ ‎(6)These pictures call up memories of those beautiful days when they stayed in Hainan during the summer holiday.‎ ‎(7)The worried mother posted the letter of asking for help online，calling for kind netizens to help her find her missing son.‎ ‎ get through 通过；设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；用完；完成；到达；(使某人)熬过困难时期 ‎[写出下列句子中get through的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)We got through a fortune while we were in New York！用完 ‎(2)I tried to ring my girlfriend but I couldn’t get through.接通电话 ‎(3)Let’s start；there’s a lot of work to get through.完成 ‎(4)Do you think the bill will get through Parliament？通过 表示“用电话接通到(联系到)某人”用get through to sb.。‎ ‎ Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.,跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞着你的头脑。‎ 句型：祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句 ‎(1)Hurry up or we’ll be late.‎ 快点，否则我们要迟到。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)One more effort，and you’ll succeed.‎ 再努力一下，你就会成功。‎ ‎“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句”为常见句型。该结构中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句，所以用一般将来时。在该句型中，祈使句有时也可用名词短语表示。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Turning(turn) around，he found his wallet on the ground.‎ ‎(2)Study hard，and you will pass(pass) the exam.‎ ‎(3)Seize the chance，or/otherwise you won’t have one any more.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)Lend her a hand，and she will be grateful to you.(用含有条件句的复合句改写)‎ If you lend her a hand，she will be grateful to you.‎ ‎(5)Work hard，and you will succeed.(用分词短语作状语改写)‎ Working hard，you will succeed. ‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 When the writer called up her mother in the countryside 1.on the phone，she learned that snakes came near their house and that the snakes 2.seemed(seem) to have made their home there.The writer felt proud and considered 3.it a chance for her to distinguish herself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.She set about 4.researching(research) the habits of snakes.She decided to cool them so that they could be easily caught.5.However，her first two plans were not successful.As 6.a result，she had to attempt a 7.third time，which helped her fulfill her aim 8.successfully(success).9.Pressed(press) by her friends and relations，she decided to send her 10.invention(invent) to the patent office to get recognition for her successful idea.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 Alexander Graham Bell born in 1847 in Scotland.When he was young，his family moves to Boston，USA.His mother was almost entire deaf.After that，he became interested in help deaf people communicate and in deaf education.He found that by pressing his lips against his mother’s forehead，he could ‎ make the bones move in so a way that she could understand that he was saying.It was his exploring around problems and his dynamic spirit which led to his inventions.What’s more，he was in the truth a continuing searcher.I improved the quality of everybody’s life by finding much practical solutions.‎ 答案 Alexander Graham Bell born in 1847 in Scotland.When he was young，his family to Boston，USA.His mother was almost deaf.After that，he became interested in deaf people communicate and in deaf education.He found that by pressing his lips against his mother’s forehead，he could make the bones move in a way that she could understand he was saying.It was his exploring around problems and his dynamic spirit led to his inventions.What’s more，he was in the truth a continuing searcher. improved the quality of everybody’s life by finding practical solutions.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于专利)‎ ‎1．Thomas先生是一个谨慎的商人，他的产品获得了专利。‎ ‎2．但是，后来他发现他的产品没有达到标准。‎ ‎3．他抓住机会着手来改善产品。‎ ‎4．他希望自己的产品能经受得住检验。‎ ‎5．他也希望他的收入会稳定增长。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用who引导的定语从句，that引导的宾语从句。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ Mr.Thomas，who was a cautious businessman，got a patent for his products.But later he found his products didn’t live up to their criteria.He seized the chance and set out to improve them.He expected that his products could bear the tests and that his income would have a stable increase.‎ 教材综合知识运用 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Stand over there and you’ll be able to see it better.‎ ‎2．Don’t be so innocent(innocence) as to believe everything he tells you.‎ ‎3．The first thing that he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow.(2015·北京)‎ ‎4．Video games can be a poor influence if left(leave) in the wrong hands.(2015·湖南)‎ ‎5．One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers，currently(current) the wealthiest family of the Netherlands.(2015·湖北)‎ ‎6．A month before the event，I spent hours working out a schedule outlining my goals and practical(practice) steps.(2016·浙江)‎ ‎7．We associate piggy banks with children，but in many countries，the little containers are also popular with adults.(2014·浙江)‎ ‎8．In recent years，Nepal set out to_attract(attract) foreign visitors to fund developments in health and education.‎ ‎9．It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.‎ ‎10．Seen(see) from the top of the tower，the south foot of ‎ the mountain is a sea of trees.‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 ‎(2017·湖北沙市中学质检)‎ Modern inventions have speeded up people’s lives amazingly.Motorcars cover a hundred miles in little more than an hour.Aircraft cross the world a day，while computers operate at lightning speed.Indeed，this love of speed seems neverending.Every year motorcars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts (吹嘘) of saving precious seconds in handling tasks.‎ All this saves time，but at a price.When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane，our bodies tell us so.We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jetlag(时差)；our bodies feel that they have been left behind in another time zone.Again，spending too long on computers results in painful wrists and fingers.Mobile phones also have their dangers according to some scientists; too much use may transmit harmful radiation into our brains，a consequence we do not like to think about.‎ However，what do we do with the time we have ‎ saved？Certainly not relax，or so it seems.We are so accustomed to constant activity that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing，or even just one thing at a time.Perhaps the_days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio，letting imagination take us into another world.‎ There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle.No multitasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace，and in a familiar pattern.There is much that we might envy about a way of life like this.Yet before we do so，we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced: they farmed with bare hands，often lived close to hunger，and had to fashion tools from wood and stone.Modern machinery has freed people from that primitive existence.‎ ‎11．The new products become more and more timesaving because ________.‎ A．our love of speed seems neverending B．time is limited C．the prices are increasingly high D．the manufacturers boast a lot 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“Indeed，this love of speed seems neverending.”可知，新产品的速度越来越快是因为人们对速度的追求好像永无止境。故选A。‎ ‎12．What does “the days” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．Imaginary life.‎ B．Simple life in the past.‎ C．Times of inventions.‎ D．Time for constant activity.‎ 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。联系下文时间状语从句“...when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio，letting imagination take us into another world.”当我们可以安静地在收音机上听故事，让想象把我们带入另一个世界时。可知“the days”指的是过去的简单生活。故选B。‎ ‎13．What is the author’s attitude towards the modern technology?‎ A．Critical. B．Objective.‎ C．Optimistic. D．Negative.‎ 答案　B 解析　观点态度题。阅读短文可知，这篇短文中作者在介绍现代科技时既介绍了现代技术给人类带来的方便快捷，又介绍了其带来的一些消极影响。由此可见作者对于现代技术的态度是客观的。故选B。‎ Ⅲ.七选五 Kids with special needs refer to any kid who might need extra help because of a medical，emotional，or learning problem.For example，kids who can not walk need wheelchairs.They not only need equipment that helps them get around，but they might need to have ramps(坡道) or elevators available.__14__‎ Kids with an illness would have special needs，too.__15__ Kids with sight problems might need Braille books to read.Kids with hearing problems might need hearing aids.‎ ‎__16__ It might be harder to do normal things—like learning to read or just getting around the school.The good news is that parents，doctors，nurses，teachers，and others can help.The goal is to help kids be as independent as possible.‎ Other kids also can be a big help.How？By being a ‎ friend.Kids who use a wheelchair or have lots of health problems want friends just as you do.But meeting people and making friends can be difficult.__17__ Be sure to tell a teacher if you see someone being bullied(欺辱) or teased.‎ Also，try to be helpful if you know someone with special needs.__18__As you get to know them，they may help you understand what it’s like to be in their shoes.And you’ll be helping fill a very special need，one that everybody has—the need for good friends.‎ A．Some kids might laugh at or make fun of them.‎ B．They also might need to get a special bus to school.‎ C．Life can be challenging for a kid with special needs.‎ D．It is good manners to offer help to kids with special needs.‎ E．Being friendly to kids with special needs is one of the best ways to be helpful.‎ F．They might need medicine or other help as they go about their daily activities.‎ G．Someone could have trouble with anxiety，but you wouldn’t know it unless told about it.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇关于如何帮助及照顾有特殊需要的孩子的文章。‎ ‎14．答案　B 解析　本段为全文首段，主要解释“kids with special needs”的含义。根据前一句的主语they，我们首先想到B和F。B承接首句，继续说明残疾孩子的特殊需要，also表示“也”，与此处语境吻合。故选B。F有一定的干扰性但下文第三段专门讨论这一话题，若选F，就会出现不必要的重复。‎ ‎15．答案　F 解析　根据首句可知，本段承接第一段继续说明“有特殊需要的孩子”的不同情况，B和F与此关联。但对于“Kids with an illness”来说，F中的“medicine”显然比“get a special bus to school”更为合理，故选F。‎ ‎16．答案　C 解析　根据本段内容可知，本段的话题为“有特殊需要的孩子的生活相对艰难”， 并且C中的life显然与下句主语it一致，较好地保持话题一致，有利于突出中心话题， 故选C。‎ ‎17．答案　A 解析　从本段开始，文章就如何帮助“kids with special ‎ needs”进行说明。上句说：和人交往和交友，对于这些孩子来说，可能会有难度。原因何在？显然A是最好的解释，且A中的“laugh at or make fun of”与下句的“bullied(欺辱) or teased”吻合，故选A。‎ ‎18．答案　E 解析　分析本文的语篇结构可知，首段就“kids with special needs”的含义做出解释，第二段是就不同类型的情况做进一步的说明，第三段呼吁人们对这些孩子给予关爱和帮助。第四、五段则就如何帮助提出建议。本段的中心话题是如何帮助，D和E有关联，但D更像是评论，而不是指引，且E中的“to be helpful” 与下文一致，故选E。‎ Ⅳ.完形填空 Beware of those who use the truth to deceive(欺骗)．When someone tells you something that is __19__，but leaves out important information that should be __20__，he can create a false impression.‎ For example，someone might say，“I just __21__ a hundred dollars on the lottery.It was great.I took that dollar ticket back to the store and __22__ it in for one hundred dollars！”‎ This guy is a winner，__23__？Maybe，maybe not.We then discover that he bought two hundred __24__，and only one was ‎ a winner.He’s really a big __25__！‎ He didn’t say anything that was __26__，but he deliberately left out some important __27__.That’s called a halftruth.Halftruths are not technically __28__，but they are just as not __29__.‎ Untrustworthy candidates in __30__ campaigns often use this tactic(手段)．Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term，the state lost one million jobs and __31__ three million jobs.Then she __32__ another term.One of her opponents runs an ad __33__，“During Governor Smith’s term，the state lost one million jobs！” That’s true.__34__，an honest statement would have been，“During Governor Smith’s term，the state had a net gain of __35__ million jobs.”‎ Advertisers will sometimes use halftruths.It’s __36__ the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the __37__.An ad might boast，“Nine out of ten doctors recommend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples.” It __38__ to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation.‎ This kind of deception happens too often.It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies，and sometimes the truth can lie ‎ as well.‎ 语篇解读　作者以只给出部分事实的事情为例，指出我们不应该只看事物的表面事实，因为这些事实有时是片面的。‎ ‎19．A.false B．true C．interesting D．boring 答案　B 解析　false错误的；true真实的；interesting有趣的；boring令人厌烦的。根据首句“Beware of those who use the truth to deceive.”谨防那些用真理欺骗的人可知选B。‎ ‎20．A.included B．contained C．ignored D．referred 答案　A 解析　句意为：当有人告诉你部分事实，但省略了应该包括在内的重要信息时，他就能创造一个虚假的印象。include通常表示把某事物或某人作为其中的一部分包含在内； contain通常指某容器中盛或装有某物，还可以指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质； ignore忽视； refer提及。故选A。‎ ‎21．A.lost B．found C．donated D．won 答案　D 解析　lose失去；find发现；donate捐献；win赢得。根据下文“This guy is a winner...”可知是买彩票中了一百美元。故选D。‎ ‎22．A.changed B．took C．turned D．made 答案　C 解析　change改变；take拿走；turn转变；make制造。turn in上交，故选C。‎ ‎23．A.right B．well C．really D．thought 答案　A 解析　根据空后“Maybe，maybe not.”可知，本句意为“这个人是个赢家，对吗？ ”故选A。‎ ‎24．A.books B．papers C．tickets D．balls 答案　C 解析　book书；paper论文；ticket票；ball球。根据第二段中“I took that dollar ticket back to the store and ________ it in ‎ for one hundred dollars！”可知选C。‎ ‎25．A.winner B．loser C．fighter D．thinker 答案　B 解析　winner获胜者；loser失败者；fighter战士；thinker思想家。买彩票的人买了200张彩票，但只有其中一张赢了，因此还是失败者。故选B。‎ ‎26．A.true B．real C．doubtful D．false 答案　D 解析　true真实的；real真的；doubtful令人生疑的；false虚假的，错误的。根据语境，此人没有讲任何虚假的信息，只是故意将其中一部分重要信息漏掉了。可知选D。‎ ‎27．A.details B．information C．mistakes D．errors 答案　B 解析　detail细节；information信息；mistake错误；error差错。根据第一段中“When someone tells you something that is ‎ ________，but leaves out important information that should be ________，he can create a false impression.”可知选B。‎ ‎28．A.stories B．truth C．messages D．lies 答案　D 解析　story故事；truth真理；message消息；lie谎言。半真实从技术上来讲不算是谎言，但他们就是具有不真实性。故选D。‎ ‎29．A.pleasant B．exciting C．honest D．clever 答案　C 解析　pleasant令人愉快的；exciting令人兴奋的；honest诚实的；clever聪明的。根据halftruths不诚实，知选C。‎ ‎30．A.political B．commercial C．personal D．public 答案　A 解析　political政治的；commercial商业的；personal个人的；public公开的。根据下文所举的例子来看，这是一次政治竞选活动。故选A。‎ ‎31．A.stopped B．found C．avoided D．gained 答案　D 解析　stop停止；find发现；avoid避免；gain获得。根据本段最后一句“During Governor Smith’s term，the state had a net gain of ________ million jobs.”可知选D。‎ ‎32．A.seeks B．gets C．achieves D．searches 答案　A 解析　史密斯州长谋求第二个任期。seek谋求； get得到； achieve达到； search搜寻。故选A。‎ ‎33．A.writing B．telling C．saying D．speaking 答案　C 解析　write写；tell告诉；say说；speak讲话。根据ad可知是广告上写着……，也就是广告上说，故选C。‎ ‎34．A.Otherwise B．However C．Meanwhile D．Because 答案　B 解析　分析句意可知前后为转折关系。however然而，符合语境。otherwise否则； meanwhile与此同时； because因为。故选B。‎ ‎35．A.one B．two C．three D．four 答案　B 解析　根据本段第二句“Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term，the state lost one million jobs and ________ three million jobs.”可知净增长是200万个职位，故选B。‎ ‎36．A.for B．to C．against D．in 答案　C 解析　造假当然是违背法律的。故选C。against违背；反对。‎ ‎37．A.words B．facts C．data D．truth 答案　D 解析　word话语；fact事实；data数据；truth真理。句意为：做虚假的声明是违背法律的，所以广告商们便用真实性来误导你。‎ ‎38．A.fails B．tries C．manages D．plans 答案　A 解析　fail未能，失败；try尝试；manage控制，管理；plan计划。句意为：它未提及他们只问了十名医生，其中九名为the Yucky Corporation工作。故选A