高中英语Module6AnimalsinDanger教师用书外研版必修5

高中英语Module6AnimalsinDanger教师用书外研版必修5

真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 1 Module 6 Animals in Danger 一头 16 岁的雄性北极熊活活饿死在北极，像一张“毛毯”。你知道为什么吗？ A Polar Bear Starved to Death A dead polar bear found on the Arctic island has shocked experts who say climate change may be to blame for the animal's death.The starved polar bear in Norway was said to be in good health in April when the Norwegian Polar Institute examined and tagged it.However，the animal was reduced to skin and bones by the time a group of explorers happened to find his body in July. “From his lying position in death the bear appears to simply have starved and died where he dropped，”polar bear expert Dr.Ian Stirling told The Guardian.“He had no any remaining fat，having been reduced to little more than skin and bones.” Stirling believes the bear starved to death as a result of a lack of sea ice， which the animals use as a platform for hunting seals.That may also explain why the 16yearold male bear was found about 155 miles north of where it was seen in April. Arctic sea ice reached a record low in 2012，according to a report released this week by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration，which pointed to continued signs of climate change. The International Union for Conservation of Nature currently has put polar bears into its Red List of Threatened Species. The Endangered Species Act states that the government must act immediately to help save the polar bear from extinction.According to the World Wildlife Fund， only 20，000 to 25，000 polar bears remain on the planet. 1．be to blame 应受责备 2．tag vt. 加标签于 n. 标签 3．release v．&n. 释放，公布 4．currently adv. 现在，目前 1．What may be to blame for the polar bear's death？(No more than 3 words) 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 2 2．Why did the bear starve to death？(No more than 10 words) 【答案】 1.Climate change. 2．As a result of a lack of sea ice. Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading—Preparing 根据提示写出下列单词 1． n． 保护区；保护圈 2． n. 栖息地 3． n. 挣扎；斗争 4． n. 野生生物 5． adj. 理想的 6． vt. 剥皮；去皮 7． n. 现场；(某事发生的)准确地点 8． vt. 没收 9． adv. 同时 10． n. (尤指买卖贵重商品的)商人 11． vt. 使……处于险境；危及 12． adj. 灭绝的；绝种的 13． vt. 保护 14． adj. 值……钱 15． n. (s)环境；情况 【 答 案 】 1.reserve 2.habitat 3.struggle 4.wildlife 5.ideal 6.skin 7.spot 8.confiscate 9.meanwhile 10.dealer 11.endanger 12.extinct 13.protect 14.worth 15.condition 看单词学构词：er 为常见的构成动词的前缀，表示“使处于……的之中”，常见的有：encase 置于箱中；enpower 授权；enlarge 扩大，增大。 根据提示补全下列短语 1．in danger 在危险中 2．thanks to 幸亏；多亏 3．put down 放下；写下 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 3 4．have an advantage 有优势 5．give one's life 献出生命 6．at a time 一次 7．on the spot 在现场 8．come into fashion 成为时尚；开始流行起来 9．take an active part in 积极参加 10．get tough with 对……采取强硬措施 根据提示补全下列教材原句 1．Although surprised，the poachers had an advantage—there were more of them. 尽管偷猎者很吃惊，但他们占有优势——他们人多。 2．Often working at night，the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time， leaving only the babies，whose wool is not worth so much. 那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动，一次就捕杀掉整群的藏羚羊，只留下那些毛不怎么值钱的 幼崽。 3．But today the government seems to be winning the battle. 如今，政府似乎正在赢得这场战争。 阅读 P52－P53 的教材原文，选择最佳答案 1．Why was Jiesang looking for the poachers? A．To fight with them. B．To join them in hunting. C．To stop them from killing the antelopes. D．To ask them to put down their guns. 2．The poachers were surprised at ． A．Jiesang's order to ask them to put down their guns B．Jiesang's quick movement C．Jiesang's bravery of perching alone D．being found by Jiesang 3．The quick decrease of the antelopes is due to ． A．the freezing and bad living conditions B．their expensive wool 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 4 C．the illegal export of the shawls D．the killing from the poachers 4．What Chinese government has done to protect the antelopes in the past years? A．To pass laws to ban the trade of the wool from the antelopes. B．To set up natural reserves. C．To catch the poachers and confiscate their vehicles. D．All of the above. 5．Which of the following statements is NOT the reason of the increase of the antelopes? A．Chinese government has won the battle against the poachers. B．Chinese government has taken an active part in protecting the antelopes. C．Many volunteers come from around the world to help. D．The cooperation between the countries. 【答案】 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.A 阅读 P2－P3 教材原文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正 确形式 On a 1. (freeze)cold day in January 1994，Jiesang Suonandajie gave his life to save the Tibetan antelope.By the 1990s，the number of the Tibetan antelopes 2. (fall)from millions of them to about 50，000.The reason is 3. the wool of the Tibetan antelope is the 4. (expensive)in the world can brings huge profit to the poachers. Often at night，whole herds of antelopes are shot and skinned 5. the spot，6. (leave)only the babies.Then the wool is taken to India to make shawls，which 7. (export)to rich countries in North America and Europe.In the 1990s，the Chinese government began to protect the antelopes 8. (active)．Over the next ten years about 3，000 poachers were caught and 300 vehicles confiscated.Meanwhile，in those countries，9. the shawls are sold，police are getting tough with the dealers，making the antelope population increase 10. (slow)since 1997. 【答案】 1.freezing 2.had fallen 3.that 4.most expensive 5.on 6.leaving 7.are exported 8．actively 9.where 10.slowly Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading— Language points 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 5 reserve n．保护区；保护圈；保存，储备，储存 vt.保留；预订；延期 (教材 P51)The Chinese and Russian governments have created the reserve to help save the tiger's natural habitat.中俄政府已创建了保护区来保护老虎的自然栖息地。 ①reservation n． 预约，预订；保留 make a reservation 预约 ②without reserve/reservation 无保留地(坦白地) reserve sth.for sb. 为某人保留/预订…… ①We'll reserve the ticket for you till tomorrow noon. 票我们将为您保留到明天中午。 ②They support the measures without reservation. 他们毫无保留地支持这些措施。 endanger vt.使……处于险境；危及 (教材 P51)But the Siberian tiger is not the only endangered species. 可是西伯利亚虎并不是唯一的濒危动物。 ①in danger 处于危险之中 out of danger 脱离了危险 in danger of 有……危险 ②endangered adj. 有灭绝危险的；濒临灭绝的 ①You are in danger of catching a cold if you don't take any medicine. 如果你不吃药的话，就有感冒的危险。 ②We should do our best to save endangered species. 我们应该竭尽全力挽救濒临灭绝的生物。 [明辨异同] in danger/dangerous in danger 意为“在危险中；处于危险的状态” dangerous 意为“危险的”，指句子主语对别人有危害 (dangerous/in danger) ③The old man was ，who was badly injured in the accident. ④That dog is ；it bites people. 【答案】 ③in danger ④dangerous 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 6 struggle n．& v．奋斗；挣扎；斗争 (教材 P51)The question is: What can we do to help them in their struggle for survival? 问题是：在它们为了生存的斗争中，我们能做些什么来帮助它们呢？ struggle for... 为……而斗争 struggle with... 和……一起奋斗；与……做斗争 struggle against... 与……做斗争 struggle to do 努力做某事 struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 ①In the old days we had to struggle for our daily bread. 在旧社会我们得为糊口而挣扎。 ②She struggled to get(get)away from her attacker. 她挣扎着想摆脱那个侵犯她的人。 protect vt.保护 (教材 P51)an area of land where animals are protected 一个动物受到保护的地方 ①protect...against/from... 保护……免受…… ②protection n. 保护；防卫(后可接 against/from) under the protection of＝under sb.'s protection 在……的保护下 ①Something must be done to protect the environment from being polluted. 必须采取措施保护环境免受污染。 ②Little children live under the protection(protect)of their parents. 小孩在父母的保护下生活。 [明辨异同] protect/defend/guard protect 指采取一定措施，使用某些器具以保护人或物免遭损害，使用范围较广泛。 defend 着重指用武力抵御攻击和侵犯。另外还可表示“为……辩护”。 guard 强调通过看守警戒，以确保安全。 (defend/guard/protect) 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 7 ③They the building against strangers. ④His head by a helmet. ⑤We should our homeland when she is attacked. 【答案】 ③guarded ④was protected ⑤defend put down 放下；记下，写下；把……放下；让……下车；镇压 (教材 P52)He shouted to the poachers to put down their guns.他大声喊叫着让偷 猎者放下他们的枪。 写出下列句中 put down 的含义 ①Let me put down your telephone number. ②The king put down the uprising and killed all the slaves involved. ③Stop，please put me down! ④He put down my box with the breath soughing. 【答案】 ①写下，记下 ②镇压 ③让……下车 ④放下 put away 把……收起来；储存 put up with 忍受 put on 穿上，戴上；上演 put out 扑灭；出版；生产 put off 推迟；延期 put up 举起；张贴；留宿；建立 put forward 提出 ⑤We can put you up for the night. 晚上我们可以留你过夜。 ⑥Put away the tools after work. 工作结束后请把工具收拾好。 (教材 P53)Often working at night，the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time，leaving only the babies，whose wool is not worth so much. 那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动，一次就捕杀掉整群的藏羚羊，只留下那些毛不怎么值钱的 幼崽。 (1)at a time 一次；每次 ①Do one thing at a time，and do well! 一次只做一件事情，并且要做好！ 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 8 at one time 曾经；一度 in time 及时；迟早 on time 准时 at times 有时；偶尔 at no time 在任何时候都不(放在句首时，句子要部分倒 装) in no time 立刻；马上 for the time being 暂时 at any time 随时 ②They were just in time for the bus. 他们及时赶上了公共汽车。 ③At one time they met frequently. 他们一度经常见面。 (2)worth adj.值……钱；有……价值的；值得 ④This painting is worth 100 yuan. 这幅画值 100 元。 ⑤He who does his duty is worth praising (praise)． 凡是忠于职守的人都值得赞扬。 [明辨异同] worth/worthy/worthwhile worth n.价值；adj.值得 的；值钱的 为形容词时，只作表 语；worth 短语可作后 置定语。 be (well) worth sth./money(很) 值得…… be (well) worth doing(很)值得 做…… worthy adj.有价值的；值 得的 本身用作表语或前置 定语。 be worthy of sth.值得…… be worthy of being done ＝ be worthy to be done 某事值得做 worthw h ile adj.值得做的；值 得出力的 用作表语或前置定语。 It ＋ be worthwhile doing/to do sth.某事值得做 (worthwhile/worth/worthy) ⑥He is praising for his good deed. ⑦He is to be praised for his good deed. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 9 ⑧It is to praise him for his good deed. 【答案】 ⑥worth ⑦worthy ⑧worthwhile spot n．(某事发生的)准确地点；现场；污点；斑点 (教材 P53)The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India，where it is made into the shawls. 这些被猎杀的藏羚羊被就地剥皮，羊毛被运送到印度，在那里被织成披肩。 ①This is the spot where the two trucks collided. 这儿就是两辆卡车相撞的地点。 ①on the spot 当场；在现场；立即 ②spot vt. 弄脏；认出；发现 be spotted with 沾上……的污点；被……弄脏 spot sb.doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事 ③spotted adj. 有斑点的；沾上污点的 ②He spotted(spot)his friend in the crowd. 他从人群中认出了他的朋友。 ③He was hit by a falling tree and killed on the spot. 他被一棵倒下的树砸中了，并当场死亡。 condition n．[pl.]环境；情况[C]条件[U]状况；状态 (教材 P53)The small group of officials who work in the reserve are helped by volunteers who come from all over the country，and who are ready for the difficult conditions of life at 5，000 metres. 在保护区工作的一小组政府官员得到了来自全国各地的、愿意忍受海拔 5 000 米的恶劣 生活环境的志愿者们的支援。 in good/poor condition 处于好的/坏的状况 in/out of condition 健康状况好/不佳 on condition that 如果；在……条件下 on no condition＝ not at all 一点儿也不；决不(位于句首句子要倒装) ①The miners there worked in dreadful conditions(condition)． 那里的矿工们在极其恶劣的环境中工作。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 10 ②Exercise keeps you in good condition. 锻炼使你保持健康。 ③He can use my bicycle on condition that he returns it tomorrow. 他可以用我的自行车，条件是明天还给我。 Ⅰ.语境填词 1．Pollution is their habitats and they are classed as an species now.(endanger) 2．This article is well reading，but it is not of being translated.(worth) 3．All the cultural relics and historic sites are under the of the state.We should be sure that they are against being destroyed.(protect) 4．We have with the before.(deal) 【答案】 1.endangering；endangered 2.worth；worthy 3.protection；protected 4.dealt；dealer Ⅱ.选词填空 thanks to；put down；give one's life；get tough with；on the spot；come into fashion 1．Long skirts have again. 2．The policeman arrested the thief ． 3． your help，we were successful. 4．The government will people who avoid paying taxes. 5．He the great cause of education. 【答案】 1.come into fashion 2.on the spot 3．Thanks to 4.get tough with 5.gave his life to (教材 P52)Although surprised，the poachers had an advantage—there were more of them. 尽管偷猎者们很吃惊，但他们占有优势——他们人多。 【要点提炼】 本句中 Although surprised＝ Although they were surprised 是让步 状语从句的省略。 ①Although (he is) quite old，he still jogs every day. 他尽管年老了，但仍坚持每天慢跑。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 11 当 though，when，until，if，unless 等引导的时间、条件或让步状语从句中的主语与 主句的主语相同，或主语是 it，且从句的谓语动词又是含有 be 的某种形式时，可以省去从 句中的主语和 be。 ②When (I am) in trouble，I always turn to him for help.当我有麻烦时，我总是 找他寻求帮助。 ③Once seen(see)，it can never be forgotten. 一旦看见，就很难忘记。 句型转换(每空一词) 1．Unless you are invited，you should remain silent at the meeting. → ，you should remain silent at the meeting. 2．While you cross the street，you can't be too careful. 【导学号：93460020】 → the street，you can't be too careful. 3．If it is necessary，I'll visit him again. → ，I'll visit him again. 【答案】 1.Unless invited 2.While crossing 3．If necessary Often working at night，the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time， leaving only the babies，whose wool is not worth so much. 【分析】 句子的主干为 the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time； Often working at night 为现在分词作它的时间状语，leaving only the babies 为现在分 词作它的结果状语。whose wool is not worth so much 为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 babies. 【翻译】 【答案】 那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动，一次就捕杀掉整群的藏羚羊，只留下那些毛不 那么值钱的幼崽。 学业分层测评 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．He's devoted his whole life to the (protect)of the rare animals. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 12 2．He (struggle)to finish the race，but failed. 3．The polluted air in the city is badly (endanger)the health of the residents. 4．The article is well worth (read)． 5．Tony lent me the money， (hope)that I'd do as much for him. 6．The working people have never stopped their struggle unfair treatment. 7．On Sunday，both my wife and I did some cleaning. She washed some clothes， ，I cleaned the house. 8．Don't try to do everything at once；take it a bit at time. 9．We will live a rich life economy has improved. 10．It's time to get tough drunk drivers. 【 答 案 】 1.protection 2.struggled 3.endangering 4.reading 5.hoping 6.against 7.meanwhile 8.a 9.if 10.with Ⅱ.单句改错 1．The old building is still in a good condition. 2．I spotted him write something when I came in. 3．The music is worth listening. 4．He answered the question in the spot. 5．An earthquake hit the capital，caused panic among the population. 【 答 案 】 1. 去 掉 a 2.write→writing 3.listening 后 面 加 to 4.in→on 5.caused→causing Ⅲ.阅读理解 Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history. Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers，for food，for sport，and simply because they were in the way.Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the earth forever.Hundreds more are on the danger list today.About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger. Why should people care？Because we need animals，and because once they are gone， 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 13 there will never be any more.Animals are more than just beautiful or interesting.They are more than just a source of food.Every animal has its place in the balance of nature.Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems.For example，when farmers killed large numbers of hawks，the farmers' stores of corn and grain were destroyed by rats and mice.Why？Because hawks eat rats and mice，with no hawks to keep down their numbers，the rats and mice multiplied quickly. Luckily，some people are working to help save the animals.Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem.And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger.Quite a few countries have passed laws.These laws forbid the killing of any animals or plants on the danger list.Slowly，the number of some animals in danger is growing. 1．Animals are important to us mainly because ． A．they give us a source of food B．they are beautiful and lovely C．they keep the balance of nature D．they give us a lot of pleasure 【解析】 细节理解题。文章第三段说动物不仅仅漂亮、有趣，是人类的一种食物来源， 更重要的是每种动物都是构成生态平衡的一部分；缺少任何一种动物，都会产生很多问题。 【答案】 C 2．What has happened to the animals on the Earth? A．Thousands of kinds of animals are gone forever. B．All kinds of animals will die out. C．About 170 kinds of animals have disappeared forever. D．All kinds of animals are in danger. 【解析】 细节理解题。第二段第二句“Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the earth forever.”表明 A 项为最佳答案。 【答案】 A 3．Which of the following is NOT true? A．People care much about animals because they need them. B．Once a certain kind of animals is gone forever，there will never be any more. C．Killing all rats and mice may cause some new problems. D．People must not kill any animals or plants. 【解析】 推理判断题。结合文章，A、B、C 三项在文章中都有相关信息，而 D 项说法 过于绝对，也不符合实际。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 14 【答案】 D 4．What can we conclude from the fact that quite a few countries have passed laws protecting animals in danger? A．Every person will know the importance of protecting wild animals. B．Animals in danger will not be killed any more. C．The number of some animals in danger will increase. D．Animals in danger will be kept away from people. 【解析】 推理判断题。既然有许多国家通过了保护野生动物的有关法律，而且本文最 后一句也说渐渐地一些濒危动物的数量会增加，所以 C 项正确。 【答案】 C Ⅳ.完形填空 I was abandoned(遗弃)at age 3.Before that，my three brothers and I 1 terrible molestation(骚扰)and beatings in Turlock，CA.I wanted to say that I have been through a lot in life.I was 2 to find a lady like Winifred Phillips who already had 3 34 foster(收养的)kids and I was going to be the one who made a(n) 4 ． Her love made me feel 5 in my life.I returned the gift by taking care of her and her husband，Don Phillips，and two of her sisters with 6 ．Winifred passed away on June 29，2011.She will be greatly missed. I was the one that wanted to 7 to the world how I made a difference for four people in a 8 family.I returned the love to her.I still think this doesn't happen very often，where a foster kid wasn't 9 but truly loved her and the family enough to 10 the favor of love.I'm talking 24 hours a day not 11 ．I finished the job and God knows，how hard but successful the job was for I was ambitious， and 12 ． I have no job now but 13 the family hundreds of thousands of dollars.It's 14 in this economy.I worked for free，for I 15 loved Winifred and her family.She always 16 me to give her a kiss.We had a connection，a 17 one，and she wanted me to go to heaven with her. Winifred will be greatly 18 ． I thought this story could 19 other children.If I can do it，anyone can.I 20 her by hanging her pictures in my room during Christmas or other holidays to show my love for her.Winifred will always be in my heart. 【语篇解读】 三岁时，作者被人遗弃，受尽了凌辱，经历了生活的艰辛。后来被 Winifred Phillips 一家收养，让作者感受到了家庭的温暖。为了报答他们，多年来作者一 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 15 直照顾着他们全家，让他们的爱得到了回报。 1．A.dealt with B．made up C．took off D．went through 【解析】 联系空后的“terrible molestation(骚扰)and beatings”可知，“我”经 历了一些挫折。 deal with“处理；应付”，make up“弥补；编造”，take off“取下”， 均不符合语境。 【答案】 D 2．A.eager B．fortunate C．interested D．sad 【解析】 联系空后的“to find a lady like Winifred Phillips”可知，在“我” 经历这些痛苦时，Winifred Phillips 收养了“我”，因此是幸运的。 【答案】 B 3．A.brought up B．sent off C．taken in D．met with 【解析】 联系空后的 34 foster(收养的)kids 可知，在收养“我”的时候，他们已经 收养了 34 个孩子。take in“收留；留宿”，符合语境。bring up“教育；养大成人”；send off“打发走”；meet with“偶然遇到”。 【答案】 C 4．A.difference B．appointment C．living D．family 【解析】 联系后文我们知道，“我”照顾这家人对他们的爱进行了回报，说明“我” 做出了改变。 【答案】 A 5．A.encouraged B．accepted C．valued D．satisfied 【解析】 联系文章第一段可知，“我”三岁的时候被遗弃，她的关爱让“我”有了被 人接受的感觉。 【答案】 B 6．A.love B．thoughts C．support D．pay 【解析】 根据第 8 空后的“I returned the love to her.”可知，“我”带着爱照料 着他们一家人。 【答案】 A 7．A.explain B．suggest 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 16 C．prove D．demand 【解析】 联系空后的“to the world how I made a difference for four people” 可知，作者要向世界证明自己要对这四个人产生影响。 【答案】 C 8．A.big B．poor C．happy D．foster 【解析】 根据前文“34 foster(收养的)kids”可知，这是一个寄养家庭。A、B 均有 一定干扰性，因为“我”照顾的是四个人，因此不能说是一个很大的家庭。文章中没有提到 这个家庭的经济状况，poor 也被排除。 【答案】 D 9．A.selfish B．strong C．rich D．content 【解析】 从下文“truly loved her and the family”可知，“我”无私地照顾着这 个家庭，即一点也不自私。 【答案】 A 10．A.achieve B．respect C．return D．recognize 【解析】 联系第 8 空后的“I returned the love to her.”可知，“我”回报着他们 爱的恩惠。 【答案】 C 11．A.turning down B．giving up C．setting up D．getting across 【解析】 由前文可知，作者一直无私地照顾着这个家庭，想用自己的爱回报他们的爱， 所以此处指作者从来不曾放弃过这个想法。turn down“调低；拒绝”；give up“放弃；交 出”；set up“建立；设立”；get across“通过；使理解”。 【答案】 B 12．A.intelligent B．determined C．handsome D．happy 【解析】 从空前“ambitious”可知，“我”是一个有雄心、意志坚强的人。其他选项 都不能与 ambitious 意义一致。 【答案】 B 13．A.save B．offer C．spend D．invest 【解析】 从下文“I worked for free...”可知，这些年来“我”没有工作，一直义 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 17 务照料着这一家人，因此为他们节省了很多钱。B、D 有一定干扰性，offer“提供”，invest “投资”，文章中没有讲到“我”给他们提供资金或者投资，因此可以排除。 【答案】 A 14．A.convenient B．worthwhile C．possible D．tough 【解析】 前文讲到“我”为他们节省了很多钱，因此此处是指在这样的经济情况下， 能做到这一点是很难的。 【答案】 D 15．A.quickly B．truly C．somewhat D．lately 【解析】 前文作者提到自己回报爱的说法，因此这里说自己真的很爱他们一家。 【答案】 B 16．A.inspired B．refused C．wanted D．allowed 【解析】 从空后的内容可知，Winifred 和“我”很亲密，因此她总是让“我”亲吻 她。 【答案】 C 17．A.spiritual B．relative C．loose D．bright 【解析】 “我”是他们家收养来的，尽管没有血缘上的关系，但是我们有精神上的联 系。 【答案】 A 18．A.cared B．impressed C．praised D．missed 【解析】 联系全文可知，“我”对 Winifred 的感情很深，因此“我”会深深地怀念她。 第二段最后一句是提示。care“照顾”；impress“留下印象”；praise“赞扬”，均不合 语境。 【答案】 D 19．A.reach B．influence C．inform D．teach 【解析】 根据空后的“If I can do it，anyone can.”可知，“我”想让这个故事对 其他人产生影响。 【答案】 B 20．A.mourn B．notice 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 18 C．thank D．honour 【解析】 作者会在像圣诞节这样的重大节日时悬挂 Winifred 的照片表示对她的悼念。 【答案】 A Section Ⅲ Integrating skills 根据提示写出下列单词 1． n． 目标；目的 2． vt. 涉及；包括 3． adj. 活的 4． vt. 产卵；下蛋 5． n. 奇迹 6． n. 灭绝；绝种 7． n. 焦点；集中点 8． n. 能源 9． vt. 浪费 10． vt. 监测 【答案】 1.aim 2.involve 3.live 4.lay 5.wonder 6.extinction 7.focus 8.energy 9.waste 10.monitor 根据提示补全下列短语 1．on the increase 在增加 2．be home to 是……的家园 3．be concerned about sth. 关心/担心某事 4．keep an eye on 密切注意 5．go for 袭击 6．feed on (动物)以……为食 7．in danger 处在……危险中 8．stand for 代表 9．set up 建立 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 19 根据提示补全下列教材原句 1．Only about 1，000 survive，most of them in Siberia． 只有大约 1 000 只老虎幸存，大部分在西伯利亚。 2．The population is supposed to be less than 5，000... 其数量应该不足 5 000 头…… 3．The WWF believes that our world has a future only if people learn to conserve nature and not waste energy. 世界自然基金组织认为只有人们学会保护自然，不浪费能源，我们的世界才有未来。 速读 P59 的教材原文，选择最佳答案 1．What is WWF? A．It is the world's biggest land animal.A fully grown adult can weigh five tons. B．It can be found in parts of Siberia and Northeast China. C．An official working for the branch of China. D．It's the largest organisation for nature conservation in the world. 2．What's the aim of the WWF when it was founded? A．To protect the natural habitats of wild animals in danger of extinction. B．To feed mostly on insects and small reptiles，but also fish and frogs. C．To focus the same attention on organising the volunteers working for the WWF. D．To increase the population of experts working on the wild animal programme. 3．Which of the following is true? A．The organisation always has the same focus of attention. B．The WWF set up an office in Beijing in 1995. C．The organisation has only the volunteers working in the world. D．The WWF China staff work in Switzerland，monitoring the project. 4．Which of the following is included in the list of protection of the WWF? A．African Elephant and Siberian Tiger. B．Northern Bald Ibis and Blue Whale. C．Panda and Antelope. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 20 D．All of the above. 【答案】 1－4 DABD aim n．目标；目的；对准 v．对准目标；打算 (教材 P54)The World Wide Fund for Nature is an organisation whose aim is to protect wildlife. 世界自然保护基金组织是一个致力于保护野生生物的组织。 ①Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. 生活没有目标就好像航海没有指南针。 ①with the aim of 目的是…… take aim at 瞄准，对准 achieve one's aim 达到目标 ②aim...at... (用……)瞄准，对准 aim to do sth. 目标是做某事 be aimed at 针对；瞄准 ②Take careful aim at the target before firing. 开火之前仔细瞄准目标。 ③The competition was started with the aim of encouraging young writers. 我们开展此项竞赛以鼓励年轻作家为目的。 [图形助记] 瞄准目标“aim” (教材 P55)But the trade also involves live animals.然而，这种交易还包括贩 卖活的野生动物。 (1)involve vt.涉及；包括；需要；使参加；引起 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 21 ①involve doing sth. 包含/需要做某事 involve sb.in (doing) sth. 使某人参加做某事；把某人牵扯到某事里 ②be/get/become involved in sth. 与某事有关系 be/get/become involved with sb. 与某人有牵连；与某人关系密切 ①Don't involve me in your quarrel. 不要把我牵扯到你们的争吵中。 ②Don't involve yourself with those people. 不要和那些人混在一起。 ③She was worry of getting involved with him. 她唯恐和他有牵连。 [名师点津] involved 作定语，前置或后置时意义不同 the people involved 所涉及的人 the involved story 复杂的故事 (2)live adj.活的；现场直播的，实况转播的 adv.在现场直播 ④Better a live coward than a dead hero. (谚)好死不如赖活着。 ⑤It wasn't a recorded show.It was live. 这不是录音表演。这是现场转播。 [明辨异同] alive/live/living/lively alive 意为“活着的”，还可引申为“有活力的；有生气的；活跃的”，常作表语、宾 补、主补及后置定语。 lively 意为“生动的；活泼的；有生气的”，可作定语(前置)、表语、主补、宾补。 living 意为“活着的；现存的”，还可引申为“生动的；逼真的；栩栩如生的”，常作 表语、主补、宾补和前置定语。 live 意为“活的”，常修饰动物，不修饰人。还可引申为有“实况转播的”。 (live/alive/lively/living) ⑥Many people are against doing experiments on animals. ⑦A person is full of life and is always doing things. ⑧He has been missing for a long time.No one knows whether he is dead or ． ⑨He is considered as the greatest artist. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 22 【答案】 ⑥live ⑦lively ⑧alive ⑨living wonder n．奇迹，奇观，奇事 v．惊奇；想知道 (教材 P55)One of the wonders of the insect world. 昆虫世界中的奇观之一。 ①in wonder 惊奇地 do/work wonders 创造奇迹 It's a wonder... 奇怪的是…… (It's) no wonder (that) 难怪……；一点也不奇怪…… ②wonder at/about sth./that... 对……感到惊讶 wonder wh/howclause 想知道…… wonder if/whether 不知是否…… ①The Great Wall is really a wonder. 长城真是一个奇迹。 ②He hasn't eaten anything for a whole day.It is no wonder he is hungry. 他已经一整天没吃东西。难怪他很饿。 be concerned about/over/for 关心/担心某事；对某事关注 (教材 P57)I'm concerned about the future of wildlife in Africa. 我很担心非洲野生生物的未来。 ①be concerned in/with sth. 与某事有关；涉及 as far as sb./sth.be concerned 就某人(某事)而言 be concerned about/for 挂念……； 关心…… ②concern n. 担心；忧虑 v. 影响；涉及；使……担心 show/express concern about 对……表示关心/担心 ③concerning prep. 关于；涉及 ①As far as I'm concerned(concern)，I think shopping online is convenient. 就我个人而言，我认为网上购物很方便。 ②The lawyer unearthed some new evidence concerning(concern)the case. 律师发现了有关此案件的新证据。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 23 [名师点津] concerned 前后词义不一样 concerned 作前置定语时，表示“关心的，担心的”；作后置定语时，表示“有关的， 牵涉到的”。 feed on(动物)以……为食 (教材 P58)They feed mostly on insects and small reptiles，but also eat fish and frogs. 它们主要以昆虫和小的爬行动物为食，也吃鱼和青蛙。 feed sb./sth.on＝feed...to sb./sth. 用……来喂/饲养 be fed up with 厌烦…… feed up 供给……营养；养肥 feed well 吃得好 ①We feed sheep on grass. ＝We feed grass to sheep.我们用草喂羊。 ②I am fed up with his laziness and carelessness. 我受够了他的懒惰和粗心。 stand for 代表；主张，坚持；容忍(多用于否定句) (教材 P59)The initials，WWF，stand for World Wide Fund for Nature. 大写字母 WWF 为世界大自然野生动物保护基金会的缩写。 stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持 stand out 显著；突出 stand up 站立；站起来 can't stand sth./doing sth. 不能忍受(做)某事 ①The new road sign is easy to read; the words stand out well.新路标容易辨认； 上面的字很醒目。 ②I can't stand seeing(see)children smoking. 我无法忍受看见孩子们吸烟。 set up 建立；设立 (教材 P59)Then，in 1995，the organisation set up an office in Beijing.于是， 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 24 在 1995 年，这个组织在北京设立了一个办事机构。 set about (doing) 开始做(某事) set aside 把……放置一旁，不理会 set back 推迟，耽搁；靠后坐落 set out (to do) 动身，出发；开始做某事 set off 出发，动身；(使)开始；引起；点燃，爆炸 ①She set about writing the novel. 她开始创作小说。 ②Let's set aside our personal feelings now. 让我们把个人的情感放置一旁。 [明辨异同] put up/set up/build/found put up “建起、修建、竖起”某一建筑物，“搭起”某一简易建筑。 set up 作“建起，搭起”讲时与 put up 同义，但还可指“建立、成立”某一机构或团体。 build “建起”，与 put up，set up 基本上可通用。 found 除表示建立组织、机关、团体之外，还指打基础，用基金建设。found a city/party/university/theory 建设城市/建党/创办大学/创立理论。 (put up/set up/build/found) ③They a tent near the seashore. ④They a school for the children in the mountain area. ⑤They a big factory last year. ⑥ in 1935 in Ohio ， Alcoholics Anonymous is now a world wide organization. 【答案】 ③set up/put up ④set up ⑤built/set up ⑥Founded/Set up Ⅰ.语境填词 1．The Grand Canyon is one of the natural in the world，where we had a time last summer.(wonder) 2．One of his is to write a book at improving children's writing.(aim) 3．He is in a book which grammar.(involve) 4．He is up with those animals by himself all day long.(feed) 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 25 【答案】 1.wonders；wonderful 2.aims；aimed 3.involved；involves 4.fed； feeding Ⅱ.选词填空 be concerned about sth.；keep an eye on；feed on；go for sb.；stand for；set up 1．The cat fish so it doesn't like bread. 2．Most of us our future. 3．UN the United Nations. 4．She plans her own business. 5． the time so you won't be late. 【答案】 1.feeds on 2.are concerned about 3．stands for 4.to set up 5.Keep an eye on (教材 P59)The WWF believes that our world has a future only if people learn to conserve nature and not waste energy.世界自然基金组织认为只有人们学会保护自然， 不浪费能源，我们的世界才有未来。 【要点提炼】 only if 的意思是“只有……才……”，引导真实条件句，句子中不用 虚拟语气，其中的 only if 放于句首表示强调，主句要部分倒装。 ①You can make progress only if you are modest. 只有虚心才能进步。 ②Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school. 我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上学。 [明辨异同] only if/if only only if “只有……才……”，引导陈述语气的真实条件句。 if only “但愿……，要是……就好了”，引导虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句。 (only if/if only) ③ they were here now，we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary. ④I told him he would succeed he tried hard. 【答案】 ③If only ④only if 句型转换 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 26 1．She'll have a chance to get well only if she has a strong will to live. →Only if she has a strong will to live will she have a chance to get well. 2．He came in the room and had a book in his hand. 【导学号：93460021】 →He came in the room，a book in his hand．(独立主格) 3．I suppose he will like the present. →I don't suppose he will like the present.(否定句) 学业分层测评 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The plant is now in danger of (extinct)． 2．More than five countries got (involve)in the war. 3．He is full of energy，so he is an (energy)boy. 4．The hen (lay)two eggs yesterday. 5．I hope our government can pass a policy (aim)at reducing waste. 6．The meeting was concerned reforms and everyone present was concerned their own interests. 7．Only if you eat the correct foods you be able to keep fit and stay healthy. 8．We have asked the neighbours to keep an eye the house for us while we are away. 9．—Do you know Lily has gone to London? —Oh， wonder I haven't seen her these days. 10．—Which of the iPads do you like most? — ．They are both expensive and of little use. 【答案】 1.extinction 2.involved 3.energetic 4.laid 5.aimed 6.for； about 7.will 8.on 9.no 10．Neither Ⅱ.完成句子 1．你应该把注意力集中在工作上。 You should your work. 2．羊主要以草为食。 Sheep mainly grass. 3．字母 VOA 代表美国之音。 The letters VOA the Voice of America. 4．你们应该相互学习。 You learn from each other. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 27 5．只有你完成作业，你才能看电视。 Only if you finish the work watch TV. 【答案】 1.focus your attention on 2.feed on 3.stand for 4.are supposed to 5.can you Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Protecting animals that are in danger is not a big priority for young people， according to a recent survey. Compiled(汇编)by the aircraft maker Airbus，the survey was announced at London Zoo on 16 May，a week ahead of the UN's International Day of Biodiversity(生物多 样性)on 22 May. Forty percent of the 10，000 5 to 18yearolds who participated ranked watching TV or playing computer games higher than saving the environment. School reporters from Mayfield School and College in Barking，London，commented on the possible future effect of the survey's results. Fardus，16，said，“I do care about animals becoming extinct，as each animal is involved in a circle of life.Without each animal the world would lose its function.” He added，“We are the future generation and we need to live on the resources that animals give us.” Sophie，16，said，“Animals are basically like us.They've got to live.They've got to eat.And it's important to look after them as well as they look after us.”She believed one reason for young children's lack of awareness(意识)was their addiction to computer games and other electrical products. Naila，16，said，“No matter how big or small they are，animals play a really important part for the earth.”She added，“If all the animals are extinct，the future generation of children won't have anything left，and it will be the adults' fault because they're not thinking about the children's future.” “You can't blame young people for not caring，”she said，“Because the generation that are already here are teaching us not to care by hurting animals and causing environmental damage.” 【语篇解读】 英国一项针对青少年进行的调查显示，大部分青少年对于野生动物保护 还不够重视，这种意识还有待加强。 1．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Young people pay less attention to protecting animals 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 28 B．Young people spend much time on TV and computers C．Wild animals are in great danger D．Wild animals are part of the earth 【解析】 主旨大意题。本文是一篇新闻报道，它主要告诉读者一项调查的结果，并希 望引起读者的反思，这项针对青少年的调查表明，现在青少年对环境问题以及野生动物的保 护关心不够。 【答案】 A 2．What does the underlined word “priority”in Para.1 most probably mean? A．Something useful. B．Something popular. C．Something important. D．Something interesting. 【解析】 词义推测题。根据下文可知，当今青少年对于保护动物这件事情不够重视， 因此判断这里的 priority 一词意为“优先之事，重要之事”。 【答案】 C 3．What do we learn about the survey? A．It was aimed at teenagers. B．It was conducted by London Zoo. C．It was announced on May 22nd. D．Half of the participants were from middle schools. 【 解 析 】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 “...10 ， 000 5 to 18 year olds who participated...”可知这项调查是针对青少年进行的，故 A 项正确。该调查的结果是在 5 月 22 日(国际生物多样性日)之前在伦敦动物园发布的，但并不是伦敦动物园发起的，因此 B、C 两项错误，D 项无依据。 【答案】 A 4．According to Sophie，one reason that young people aren't aware enough of protecting animals is that ． A．they don't like animals at all B．they pay more attention to electrical products C．they are affected by people who hurt animals D．they aren't taught to protect animals at school 【解析】 细节理解题。由倒数第三段最后一句话可知，Sophie 认为青少年缺乏保护 动物意识的一个原因是“他们沉溺于电脑游戏和其他电子产品”，因此 B 项正确。 【答案】 B 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 29 B Animals can move from place to place，but plants cannot.When an animal is under attack，it can run away or fight back.Plants certainly cannot run away，and they lack teeth and claws.But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means. Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away.For example，the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines(刺) that discourage grasseating animals.Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches.This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach. Some plants，such as the oak tree，have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.Some grasses may contain a sandy material；eating such grasses wears down the animal's teeth. Many plants also have chemical defenses，some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction.Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals.When a caterpillar( 毛虫)bites a tobacco leaf，the leaf produces a chemical messenger.This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine.The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar. Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses.A certain plant in China，for instance，has prickly(多刺的)leaves，and each prickle contains poisonous venom(毒液)．A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future. 【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了植物的一些防御外敌侵犯的方法。 5 ． The holly plant has more spines on the lower leaves because most animals ． A．are not tall enough B．like the lower leaves only C．are not clever enough D．can get the lower leaves easily 【解析】 细节理解题。文章第二段介绍，冬青植物底部的叶子刺更多是一种自我保护 手段，因为底部的叶子容易被动物吃掉。 【答案】 D 6．To defend themselves，oak trees use ． A．chemical means B．physical means 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 30 C．bitter chemicals D．sandy materials 【解析】 细节理解题。由文章第三段可知，橡树是采取“物理”手段保护自己。 【答案】 B 7．How does tobacco protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar? A．Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means. B．Its roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar. C．Its roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked. D．Its leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away. 【解析】 细节理解题。文章倒数第二段介绍，当“烟草”受到毛虫袭击的时候，它会 传送信息到根部，增加“尼古丁”的含量。 【答案】 C 8．What would be the best title for this passage? A．Plants and Animals B．How Plants Defend Themselves C．Attacks and Defenses D．How Animals Eat Plant Leaves 【解析】 标题概括题。从文章介绍的“植物受到动物攻击时采取自我保护或防御手 段”可得出答案。 【答案】 B Ⅳ.阅读填句 Q&A Question：Every time we have P．E.in school，we will play sports. 1 So playing sports isn't fun.How do I deal with that? Answer：We're sorry that you don't find sports and P．E.fun.But we can give you some suggestions. 2 Look at it as a way to learn some skills.If you are feeling nervous about how you are doing at a certain sport，try to have a positive attitude towards it.Besides，as with most activities，to get better in sports you need to practice. 3 In addition，you can talk to your P．E.teacher and let him or her know how you feel.By sharing your feelings，the teacher can see that you are really trying your best and that you care about what is happening in class. 4 Your teacher also needs to know if anyone is making fun of your athletic ability in class. What's more，if you start to feel down on yourself after a P．E.class，try to remind yourself of all the things you do really well.We can tell from your email 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 31 that you are a good speller，for example. 5 All in all，no one is good at everything.Accepting yourself for who you are and having a positive attitude can help you through any situation.Keep in touch with your parents about these kinds of feelings.We hope this will help you. A．And I always play sports happily. B．It is taught as a school subject，too. C．But I'm not good at any kinds of sports. D．At first try your best in P．E.every time you participate. E．You might even make a list of the things that are your strengths. F．Your P．E.teacher may have some suggestions on how to handle your feelings. G．You can ask a friend or a family member to practice some sports activities with you. 【答案】 1－5 CDGFE Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing 定语从句 阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法 1．On a freezing cold day in January 1994，Jiesang Suonandajie found what he was looking for—a group of poachers who were killing the endangered Tibetan antelope. 2．In the battle which followed Jiesang was shot and killed. 3．Often working at night，the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time， leaving only the babies，whose wool is not worth so much. 4．The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool take to India，where it is made into the shawls. 5．In the 1990s the Chinese government began to take an active part in protecting the antelopes in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve—the huge national park on the QinghaiTibetan Plateau，which is the main habitat of the antelopes. 6．Sometimes there were gunfights，like the one in which Jiesang Suonandajie was killed. 7．The small group of officials who work in the reserve are helped by volunteers 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 32 who come from all over the country，and who are ready for the difficult conditions of life at 5，000 metres. 8．Meanwhile，in those countries where the shawls are sold，police are getting tough with the dealers. 一、引导定语从句的关系词 1．引导定语从句的常用关系词的用法 关系词 指代对象 在从句中所作成分 关系代词 who 指人 主、宾、表 whom 指人 宾 which 指物 主、宾、表 that 既指人又指物 主、宾、表 whose 既指人又指物 定 as 既指人又指物 主、宾、表 关系副词 when 指时间 时间状语 where 指地点 地点状语 why 指原因 原因状语 There are occasions when(＝on which) one had to yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where(＝in which)I was born. 北京是我出生的地方。 2．定语从句中关系词的选用 方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词取决于从句中的谓语动词。如果是及物动词，就要用 关系代词；如果是不及物动词，则要用关系副词。 This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年待过的山村。 方法二：准确判断关系词在定语从句中所作的成分(主、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出 关系代词/关系副词。 关系词在从句中作主语、定语、宾语时，应用关系代词(who，whom，that，which，whose)； 关系词在从句中作状语时，应用关系副词(where 作地点状语，when 作时间状语，why 作原 因状语)。 3．that 和 which 引导的定语从句的区别 that 和 which 都是关系代词，都可在从句中作主语或宾语，但两者存在着不同： 用 that 不用 先行词是 all，much，few，little，everything，anything，nothing， 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 33 which 的情况 none，the one 等不定代词时 先行词被 all，few，little，much，every，some，no 等词修饰或 被 the only，the very，the same，the last 等限定词修饰时 先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时 先行词是序数词或其前有序数词对其进行修饰时 先行词既指人又指物时 主句是 who 或 which 等引导的特殊疑问句时 用 which 不 用 that 的情 况 在非限制性定语从句中用 which 不用 that 介词后边用 which 不用 that We should do everything that is useful to the people. 我们应该做一切有益于人民的事。 When we talk about Hangzhou，the first that comes into our mind is the West Lake. 我们谈论杭州时，首先想到的是西湖。 This is the smallest computer that can be found in the world now. 这是目前发现的世界上最小的计算机。 二、“介词＋关系代词”的用法 1．“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定方法。 (1)根据从句中的谓语动词或主要的形容词确定介词。 The poor man has no house in which he can live. 那个穷人没房子住。 (2)根据定语从句修饰的先行词确定介词。 I don't know the reason for which he was late for school.我不知道他为何上学 迟到。 (3)根据句子所要表达的意思确定介词。 This is the pilot by whom my son was saved. 这就是那位救了我儿子的飞行员。 2．“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词通常用 which 或 whom，不用 that。 I'll never forget the day on which I joined the army. 我永远也忘不了我参军的那一天。 This is the pencil with which I draw pictures. 这是我画画用的那支铅笔。 3．关系副词 where，when，why 可替换成“介词＋which”，介词取决于先行词及介词 ＋which 在从句中的作用。why 只可替换 for which。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 34 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. ＝This is the house where I lived two years ago. 这就是两年前我居住的那个房子。 4．“不定代词或数词＋介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句说明整体中的部分。 Last week，only two people came to look at the house，neither of whom wanted to buy it. 上周只有两个人来看房子，他们两个人都不想买。 5．“the＋名词＋of which”或“of which＋the＋名词”可替换“whose＋名词”，引 导定语从句。 The house the windows of which/of which the windows/whose windows were damaged has now been repaired. 窗子遭破坏的那所房子现在已经修好了。 三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别如下： 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 和先行词的关系密切(删除后 影响整个句子意义的表达) 和先行词关系不密切(起补充说明的作用，删掉后不 影响整个句子意思的表达) 不用逗号隔开 一般用逗号隔开 关系代词指物时可用 that、 which 引导 不可以用 that 引导，只能用 which 只可以修饰先行词，不可以修 饰主句或主句的一部分 既可以修饰先行词，也可以修饰主句或主句的一部 分 The Great Wall is one of the buildings that Chinese people are proud of.长城 是中国人为之骄傲的建筑之一。(限制性定语从句) Yesterday I met Mary，who looked very tired. 昨天我遇到了玛丽，她看上去很累。(非限制性定语从句) [名师点津] 非限制性定语从句与并列句的识别 非限制性定语从句与主句之间常用“逗号”分开，并且不能加入 and，but，so 等连接 词。并列句一般由 and，but，so 等词连接。 He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows，most of which hadn't been cleaned for at least a year. ＝He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows，and most of them hadn't been cleaned for at least a year. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 35 ＝He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows.Most of them hadn't been cleaned for at least a year. 那个男孩擦了窗户，他付给那个男孩 10 美元。那些窗户的大部分已经至少一年没有擦 了。 四、as/which 引导的非限制性定语从句 as 引导非限制性定语从句时，修 饰整句话或整件事 位置较灵活，可置于所修饰的句 子前面、放在句子中或放在句子 后 一 般 译 为 “ 正 如，就像” whic h 修饰主句或主句的一部分 定语从句只置于所修饰的句子后 一般译为“这件 事” As we all know，smoking is harmful to health. 我们都知道，吸烟有害健康。 He finished the task ahead of time，which is very important to us. 他提前完成了任务，这对我们很重要。 当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用 as。 As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month. ＝The moon travels round the earth once every month，as/which is known to everybody. ＝It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. ＝What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month. 众所周知，月亮每月绕地球转一圈。 (后两句属于名词性从句范畴) 五、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词有 where，when，why，在定语从句中代替先行词作状语，常可用“介词＋ which”代替。 1．where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 Bamboo grows well in the place where it is warm and wet all the year. 竹子在一年四季都温暖潮湿的地方生长得好。 2．when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 I often thought of my childhood when I lived on a farm.我经常回想起我的童年， 那时我住在一个农场里。 3．why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。 There are several reasons why(for which)we can't do that. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 36 我们不那样做有好几个理由。 [名师点津] situation，case，point，stage 等表示“情况，方面”的名词后可接 where 引导的定 语从句。occasion 后常接 when 引导的定语从句。 I think you've got to the point where a change is needed，otherwise you'll fail. 我认为你已经到了应该有所改变的地步了，否则你会失败。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Tian'anmen Square was the first place they went to visit. 2．This is the shop we have just been treated badly. 3．Do you still remember the day we first met? 4． we all know，the climate is changeable now. 5．This book belongs to Jane， mother is a professor. 【答案】 1.that 2.where 3.when 4.As 5.whose Ⅱ.单句改错 1．Which is known to us all，the earth is round. 2．He didn't pass the exam，as made his father very angry. 3．I wish to thank Professor Smith，without his help I would never have got this far. 【导学号：93460022】 4．That evening，when I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late. 5．This is the very place which I'm wishing to live in. 【 答 案 】 1.Which→As 2.as→which 3.his→whose 4.when→which 5.which→that 如何描写一种动物 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 37 1．此类文章属于说明文的范畴，以“说明”为主要表达方式，用来介绍动物的类属、 生活习性、生存状态、外貌特征等，可对描述的对象做总体概括介绍，给人以直观的总体认 识，然后进行具体说明，目的在于给人以知识，了解此种动物。 2．此类文章多用一般现在时。文章应合理安排结构，注意行文的条理清晰，在动笔之 前要想好描述顺序，句与句之间怎样衔接，段与段之间怎样联系。 [亮点句式] 1．...is an animal that/which lives in the mountains. 2．It feeds/lives on... 3．As forests are being cut down，its habitat is becoming smaller and smaller. 4．To protect...，measures should be taken to set up some nature reserves. 5．It's our eager hope that more people will lend us a hand to help save them. 6．If we don't protect them，they'll probably die out soon. 7．Finally，we should let people know the importance of protecting endangered animals. [写作任务] 根据下列要点提示写一篇描述大象的短文。 1．大象是最大的陆地动物，出生时一般重 90 公斤，身高 1 米左右。当 12 岁成年时， 它的身高达 3 米多，以后不再生长。大象呈灰色，有长长的鼻子，在嘴的两侧各有一根长长 的象牙。 2．大象通常集体生活在一起，彼此互相照顾。 3．多年来人们利用这种强壮的动物来搬运重物。 注意：词数 100 左右。 参考词汇：象牙 ivory tusk；象鼻 trunk [审题谋篇] 体裁 说明文 话题 自然 时态 一般现在时 人称 第三人称 [遣词造句] 1．词汇 ①称(重量)；重达…… ②不再 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 38 ③呈灰色 ④集体生活 ⑤关心；照顾 ⑥对……有用 【答案】 ①weigh ②not...any more ③grey in colour ④in groups ⑤care for ⑥be useful to 2．句式 ①大象是现今陆地上最大的动物。 The elephant ． ②出生时一般重 90 公斤，身高 1 米左右。 It and is about when born. ③当 12 岁成年时，它的身高达 3 米多，以后不再生长。 When it is 12 years old，it is and ． ④大象通常集体生活在一起，彼此互相照顾。人们都知道它是一种非常温顺的动物。 ，the elephant is known to be a very gentle creature. ⑤多年来人们利用这种强壮的动物的大力气来搬运重物。 For many years people have move heavy things. 【答案】 ①is the largest animal on land today ②weighs some ninety kilograms；one metre high ③over three metres tall；does not grow any more ④Usually living in groups and caring for each other ⑤used the strength of these powerful animals to [妙笔成篇] 【参考范文】 The elephant is the largest animal on land today.It weighs some ninety kilograms and is about one metre high when born.When it is 12 years old，it is over three metres tall and does not grow any more. The elephant is usually grey in colour，having a long trunk with large ivory tusks on each side of its mouth.Usually living in groups and caring for each other， the elephant is known to be a very gentle creature. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 39 For many years people have used the strength of these powerful animals to move trees and heavy logs.The elephant has been and is a tool for people to do many things.The elephant is and will continue to be one of the greatest creatures man has ever come into contact with.Its size，beauty and power will forever be useful to man. 学业分层测评 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．屋子里都是孩子，其中两个来自美国。 The room was full of children， ． 2．我们学校有许多实验室，我们经常在里面做实验。 Our school has many labs， ． 3．我去年买的那幢房子带着一个漂亮的花园。 My house， ，has a nice garden. 4．不幸的是，海豚的数量是越来越少。 Unluckily，the number of dolphins ． 5．现在，熊猫数量的增加以至于有些被运到外国。 There are now so many pandas ． 【答案】 1.two of whom were from America 2．where we often do the experiments 3．which I bought last year 4．is getting smaller and smaller 5．that some are being sent to other countries Ⅱ.阅读理解 A Modern zoos are different from those built fifty years ago.Those zoos were places where people could go to see animals from many parts of the world.The animals lived in cages with iron bars.Although the zoo keepers took good care of them，many of the animals did not feel comfortable，and they often felt ill. In modern zoos，people can see animals in more natural conditions.The animals are given more freedom in nature.Even the appearance of zoos has changed.Trees and grass grow in cages，and water flows through the places the animals live in.There are few bars; instead，there is often a deep ditch(沟)，filled with water，which surrounds a space where several sorts of animals live together with the world naturally.In an American zoo，the visitor can walk through a huge special cage that 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 40 is filled with trees，some small animals and many birds，and large enough for birds to live naturally.In a zoo in New York，people can observe certain animals that are active only at night，when most zoos are closed.Some zoos have special places for visitors to watch animals that live in the desert or under water. Modern zoos not only show animals to visitors，but also keep and save rare animals.For this reason，fifty years from now，the grandchildren of today's visitors will still be able to enjoy watching these animals. 【语篇解读】 随着时代的发展，动物园也发生了很大的变化，现代的动物园有了新的 特点，更加接近于自然环境，动物更加自由了。 1．What seems to be the most important for animals? A．Eating good food. B．Living in cages. C．Living with other animals. D．Living in natural conditions. 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段对现代动物园的介绍可以看出现代的动物园与过去 的动物园的区别是现代的动物园给动物提供了自然的生活环境，由此可推断出让动物生活在 自然环境中是最重要的。 【答案】 D 2．In modern zoos， ． A．different kinds of animals are kept separately B．animals are no longer taken good care of C．animals have more freedom D．visitors can walk where they live 【解析】 细节理解题。从第二段前两句话可知在现代的动物园里动物有更多的自由。 【答案】 C 3．In some zoos people can ． A．walk through huge special cages to watch all sorts of animals B．see animals which live in special conditions C．during the day observe animals that are active at night D．watch all rare animals that may not be seen in the future 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Some zoos have special places for visitors to watch animals that live in the desert or under water.”可知 B 项正确。 【答案】 B 4．What's the main idea of the passage? 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 41 A．Zoos are now places where animals can live naturally. B．Zoos are places where people can see animals from all over the world. C．There should be old and modern zoos alike. D．Rare animals may soon die out. 【解析】 主旨大意题。这篇文章主要介绍了现代动物园的特点——给动物们提供一种 更加接近自然的生活环境。 【答案】 A B The African elephant，the largest land animal remaining on earth，is of great importance to African ecosystem (生态系统)．Unlike other animals，the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment.As a big planteater， it largely shapes the forestandsavanna(大草原) surroundings in which it lives， therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat. It is the elephant's great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat.In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day，it kills small trees and underbushes， and pulls branches off big trees.This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas.In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other planteaters. Take the rain forests for example.In their natural state，the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor.By pulling down trees and eating plants，elephants make open spaces，allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor.In such situations，the forests become suitable for large hoofed planteaters to move around and for small planteaters to get their food as well. What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species.If the elephant disappears，scientists say，many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna，greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．Disappearance of African elephants. B．Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 42 C．The effect of African elephants' search for food. D．The eating habit of African elephants. 【解析】 主旨大意题。从第一段和最后一段这两段可以读出，这篇文章是关于非洲象 寻找食物所带来的影响的，故选 C 项。 【答案】 C 6．What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms”most probably mean? A．Fixing the time. B．Worsening the state. C．Improving the quality. D．Deciding the conditions. 【解析】 词义猜测题。根据上半句和下文“existence for millions of other animals”可知答案为 D。 【答案】 D 7．According to the passage，which of the following statements is TRUE? A．The African elephant is the largest animal on earth. B．African elephants have 300 pounds of plants every day，including small trees and underbushes. C．The African elephant is in a way the builder of the environment like other land animals. D．If the African elephant disappears，the whole ecosystem won't be affected. 【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句可知 B 项为正确答案。 【答案】 B 8．The passage is developed mainly by ． A．showing the effect and then explaining the causes B．pointing out similarities and differences C．describing the changes in space order D．giving examples 【解析】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，这篇文章是先讲述大象寻找食物所带来的影响， 然后再解释原因的，故选 A 项。 【答案】 A Ⅲ.语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The pressures of 1. (provide)fulltime care for a loved one with a learning disability can be felt throughout the whole family.When I was younger， 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 43 I remembered my parents taking 2. (turn)to look after Frances until she fell asleep，3. was usually around 5 a．m.As my parents got more hopeless，I felt I 4. (have)to take a turn and give them 5. break.But every morning without fail，after endless nights of no sleep，my 6. (tire)dad would still be ready at 5 a．m.to take me to swimming practice.It is a miracle 7. under such stress and pressure，my mum and dad have always remained calm and loving with Frances，with me，and most incredibly with each other. It's 8. (absolute)heartbreaking to see families 9. (tear)apart because they're not getting the short breaks they badly need.Mencap is asking the government to make sure that any money they invest 10. (spend)on these services.They are also calling on councils to make sure that they reach out early to families caring for a son or daughter with a learning disability. 【答案】 1．providing 考查动词形式。位于介词 of 后，需用动名词形式。 2．turns 考查名词。take turns to do sth.表示“轮流做某事”，为固定搭配。 3．which 考查定语从句。which 在句中引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语。 4．had 考查时态。本文是叙述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。 5．a 考查冠词。a break 休息一会儿。 6．tired 考查形容词。父亲照看有学习能力缺陷的姐姐无数个夜晚，自然是劳累的， 因此用 tired。 7．that 考查主语从句。it 在句中作形式主语，that under such stress and pressure， my mum and dad have always remained calm and loving with Frances，with me，and most incredibly with each other 在句中作真正的主语，从句中不缺少成分且意思完整，因此 用 that 引导。 8．absolutely 考查副词。修饰 heartbreaking，需用副词形式。 9．torn 考查分词。tear...apart 表示“彻底毁灭”，families 和 tear apart 是逻 辑上的被动关系，因此需用过去分词形式。 10．is spent 考查动词语态。钱是 spend 的对象，因此需用被动语态。 Ⅳ.短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 44 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 (2016·河北邢台高二上学期期末)I'm very glad to hear you are coming to visit me the next Friday.Fortunately，I won't be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon.You won't find difficult to get to the city center.The airport bus leaves every 30 minute and will take you right to the Friendship Hotel.My class will be over by then or I will pick you up here.I will bring you to a hotpot restaurant for dinner and we'll talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner. Having a pleasant trip and see you Friday. 【答案】 I'm very glad to hear you are coming to visit me the next Friday. Fortunately Unfortunately ， I won't be able to meet you at the airport although as/because I have classes in the afternoon.You won't find ∧ it difficult to get to the city center.The airport bus leaves every 30 minute minutes and will take you right to the Friendship Hotel.My class will be over by then or and I will pick you up here there .I will bring take you to a hotpot restaurant for dinner and we'll talk with about our plan for the weekend over dinner. Having Have a pleasant trip and see you Friday. 模块综合测评 (时间：100 分钟；满分 120 分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) A Animal Conservation Many animal and plant species have become extinct and many more are in critical danger.Finding ways to protect the earth's wildlife and conserve the natural world they inhabit(居住) is now more important than ever. Dodos The dodo is a classic example of how human caused damage to the earth's biology.The flightless dodo was native to the Island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean.It lived on fruit fallen from the island's trees and lived unthreatened until 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 45 humans arrived in 1505.The easily controlled bird became a source of food for sailors and was attacked by animals introduced to the island by humans such as pigs，monkeys and rats.The population of dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681. Rhinos (犀牛) The rhino horn is a highly prized item for Asian medicine.This has led to the animal being hunted in its natural habitat.Once widespread in Africa and Eurasia， most rhinos now live in protected natural parks and reserves.Their numbers have rapidly decreased in the last 50 years，and the animals remain under constant threat from poachers. The Giant Pandas The future of the World Wildlife Fund's symbol is far from certain.As few as 1，000 remain in the world. The Chinese government has set up 33 panda reserves to protect these beautiful animals and made poaching them punishable with 20 years in prison.However，the panda's distinct black and white patched coat fetches a high price on the black market and determined poachers still pose(造成) one of the most serious threats to the animals' continued existence. Whales The International Whaling Commission is fighting to ensure the survival of the whale species.Despite the fact that onethird of the world's oceans have been declared whale sanctuaries( 保 护 区 ) ， 7 out of 13 whale species remain endangered.Hunted for their rich supply of oil，their numbers have decreased to just 300.Collisions (碰撞) with ships，poisonous pollution and being caught in fishing nets are other major causes of whale deaths. Tigers The last 100 years has seen a 95% reduction in the numbers of remaining tigers to between 5，000 and 7，000 and the Bali，Javan，and Caspian tiger are already extinct.The South China tiger is precariously close to disappearing，with only 20 to 30 still alive.Like the rhino horn，tigers' bones and organs are sought after for traditional Chinese medicines.These items are traded illegally along with tiger skins. 1．Which group of the following animals has already ceased to exist according to the text? 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 46 A．The dodo，rhino and giant panda. B．The rhino，whale and South China tiger. C．The rhino，panda，whale and tiger. D．The dodo and the Bali，Javan，and Caspian tiger. 【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“The population of dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681.”可知 dodos 是灭绝的动物之一；再根 据最后一段中的“...the Bali，Javan，and Caspian tiger are already extinct.”可得 出其他几种已灭绝的动物。 【答案】 D 2． can serve as a cure for certain diseases. A．The whale's rich oil B．The panda's black and white patched coat C．The rhino horn and tigers' bones and organs D．The dodo's delicious meat 【解析】 细节理解题。文章第三段和最后一段提到犀牛角和虎骨及其器官均可入药。 【答案】 C 3．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．The number of South China tigers has reached crisis point. B．Many animals are threatened with extinction as a result of human activity. C．People hunt for the endangered animals for high profit. D．The whale is the representing mark for the World Wildlife Fund. 【解析】 推理判断题。从 The Giant Panadas 下的“The future of the World Wildlife Fund's symbol is far from certain.”一句可得出，世界野生动物基金的图案标记是大熊 猫，而不是鲸。 【答案】 D 4．Which of the following is mentioned in all the descriptions of those wild animals? A．The way of their life. B．The reason for their extinction or being in danger. C．Why they are hunted. D．Punishment for hunting wild animals. 【解析】 细节理解题。对五种野生动物的介绍，内容不尽相同，但有一点是相同的， 即：对动物灭绝或濒临灭绝的原因的探究。 【答案】 B 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 47 B Twelve years ago，a young traveler named Rhett Butler from San Francisco， California，visited the Sabah rainforest on Malaysian Borneo.In one area of the rainforest，he watched as an orangutan (猩猩)moved through the trees.It was a sight to remember，in a place to remember. But weeks later，back home，Rhett Butler got the news that trees had been cut down for their wood in the area he visited. That experience led Rhett Butler to begin writing a book about rainforests and threats to their existence.But he did not publish the book.Instead，in 1999，he used his research for the book to create a website.The site is Mongabay.com. Rhett Butler named the site for Nosy Mangabe，an island of Madagascar.His purpose was to inform the public about tropical rainforests.But the subject widened.He， a former businessman，became a respected writer of science and environmental stories. The popularity of Mongabay.com.attracted advertisers.Small ads on the site pay for its operations.Mongabay has grown and led to other sites.For example，there is a site for children，kids.mongabay.com.Another one，Wild Madagascar.org.，is all about the island nation that Rhett Butler calls his favorite place. He travels the world on several major trips each year.His working tools are a laptop computer，cameras and sometimes diving equipment. He often calls on experts for information for stories.For example，he interviewed Alison Jolly，a top expert on ringtailed lemurs(狐猴)．And last week he wrote about another animal，the rare snow leopard. Stories like these have made Mongabay a favorite place on the Internet for researchers，students and teachers.Rhett Butler says he is concerned about how the current economic crisis in the world might affect environmental conservation efforts.For example，he says the falling price of oil could reduce interest in developing solar power. 5．Now Rhett Butler is still trying to ． A．promote his website B．get more experts to join him in his efforts C．draw people's attention to environmental protection 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 48 D．find new places to travel to 【解析】 推理判断题。从文章后三段分析，Rhett Butler 一直致力于通过自己的网 站宣传环境保护的知识。其余三项是对文章的片面理解。 【答案】 C 6．Which of the following is TRUE about Rhett Butler? A．He used to be a businessman. B．He has always been an advocate of wildlife protection. C．He is better at web designing than at writing. D．He has always wanted to have a website of his own. 【解析】 细节理解题。从文章第四段最后一句可知，Rhett Butler 原先是一个商人。 本题中 B 项为最大干扰项。但它与文章开头交代的情况不符。 【答案】 A 7．Mongabay has become a favorite place on the Internet because ． A．it is full of stories about rare or endangered animals B．it provides people with all kinds of information C．all the articles on it are written by experts D．people are interested in Rhett Butler's adventure experiences 【解析】 细节理解题。综合文章最后两段的信息特别是最后一段第一句可知，是 Rhett Butler 所写的野生动物的故事使他的网站备受欢迎。本题中 C 项为最大干扰项。从文章倒 数第二段来看，很多文章都是 Rhett Butler 自己写的。因此 C 项错误。 【答案】 A 8．In what way is Rhett Butler concerned about the current economic crisis in the world? A．It will cause great loss to people's property. B．It might reduce people's interest in developing new energy. C．It will cause damage to the world economy. D．It might cause people in poor nations to suffer more from it. 【解析】 推理判断题。从文章最后一段可知，Rhett Butler 关心当前的经济危机是 因为它对环保不利，比如会降低人们开发太阳能的兴趣。 【答案】 B C Rising temperatures，rising sea level and other trends are having an effect on the world's sea turtles. All female turtles come ashore at nesting beaches，dig nests in the sand，lay their eggs and then return to the sea.Erosion(侵蚀) of nesting 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 49 beaches caused by rising sea level and more intense storms adds the potential for further dangers to nesting beaches where people，dogs and rats already prey (捕 食) on the eggs of sea turtles. Climate change directly affects the reproduction of sea turtles in three ways.First，sea level rise will affect significant nesting beach areas on lowlevel sand beaches such as Bonaire，the Maldives and the Great Barrier Reef.Second，rising temperatures increase the chance that sand temperature will exceed the upper limit for egg incubation (孵化) which is 34℃.Third，rising temperatures bias (使偏向) the sex ratio toward females because temperature during incubation determines the sex of the egg.Loggerhead turtle nests in Florida are already producing 90 percent females owing to high temperatures，and if warming raises temperatures by an additional 1℃ or more，no males will be produced there. Adult feeding patterns are also affected by climate change.Sea grass beds are in decline，water temperature is higher on intertidal sea grass flats，and coral reefs，typically feeding grounds for green turtles，are affected by bleaching. Sea turtles have existed for more than 100 million years and have survived ice ages.As a result，they may be able to respond to unfavourable nesting temperatures as they have in the past，by seeking out new nesting sites.It may，however，take decades or centuries for sea turtles to reestablish and stabilise their habitats， and steady human development of coastal areas makes the availability of new habitat for them very limited. 9．We can learn from the first paragraph that ． A．loss of nesting beaches is the only threat to sea turtles B．dogs are not allowed to come close to sea turtles C．sea turtles are under strict protection now D．sea turtles now face many threats 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，除了产卵地会受海水侵蚀之外，海龟还受到 人和动物的威胁。 【答案】 D 10．What will happen if sand temperature is higher than 34℃？ A．More females will be born. B．Turtle eggs will not hatch. C．Females will lay fewer eggs. D．Newborn turtles will die. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 50 【解析】 推理判断题。由第二段第三句可知，海龟卵孵化的极限温度是 34 摄氏度， 超过这个温度孵化就会失败。 【答案】 B 11．What do we know about Loggerhead turtles in Florida? A．Most of them die young. B．No more males are produced now. C．They already have an imbalanced sex ratio. D．They can hardly survive the high temperature. 【解析】 细节理解题。由第二段最后两句可知，温度升高使得红海龟卵孵化的小海龟 的性别比例严重失衡。 【答案】 C 12．In what way does climate change affect adult turtles? A．They can't find enough food. B．They have lost their habitat. C．Their living habits are changed. D．Their feeding patterns are affected. 【解析】 细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知，气候变化影响了成年海龟的进食模式。 【答案】 D D What to do with orphaned(没有父母的) wild animals Lots of young animals are handed in to us as orphans but many of them actually haven't been abandoned at all! If you're worried about a baby animal that seems to be alone，read our advice below.If after that you're sure the animal has been abandoned ， either call us on 0300 1234 999 or find your nearest wildlife rehabilitator. I've found a baby... Bat People often think they have found a baby bat because they don't realise just how small adult bats can be! The Bat Conservation Trust (08451300228) will be able to help you and put you in touch with your local bat carer.If you find what you think is a baby bat you need to treat it very carefully—if you have to pick it up，handle it with gloves，or use a soft towel. It might be possible to return the bat to the mother，depending on where you found it. Bird 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 51 If the bird is under a possible nest site，watch it from a distance to see if the parents are still feeding it.Cats and other predators catch young birds and drop them. If you know this has happened，the bird should be taken to a vet or a wildlife centre. Hare Leverets，baby hares，are left alone as soon as they're born.This is a type of survival strategy，so that the mother hare doesn't put all her eggs in one basket! She'll return to feed her babies once a day at dusk，so don't disturb them.If you're worried，watch them from a distance to see if the mum comes back. 13．The purpose of this passage is to ． A．introduce some animals B．tell us how to know if an animal is abandoned C．save abandoned animals D．protect animals 【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章的标题以及第一段中的“If you're worried about a baby animal that seems to be alone，read our advice below.”可知 B 项正确。 【答案】 B 14．According to the passage，we know that ． A．many people don't know the size of an adult bat B．one can pick up a baby bat using a stick C．a bat carer is a person who abandons the baby bat D．a bat carer is the owner of the baby bat 【解析】 推理判断题。根据 bat 后面一段中的“People often think they have found a baby bat because they don't realise just how small adult bats can be！”可知， 人们不知道长大的蝙蝠是多么小。由此可知 A 项正确。当捡起蝙蝠时要戴手套或用软毛巾， 故 B 项错误。a bat carer 是指关爱蝙蝠的人或组织，故 C、D 两项不对。 【答案】 A 15．Which of the following is TRUE about the hare? A．The mum hare leaves her babies when they have grown up. B．The mum hare leaves her babies the moment they are born. C．The mum hare doesn't care about her babies once she leaves them. D．Many abandoned hares can be found. 【解析】 细节理解题。根据 hare 后面一段中的第一句“Leverets，baby hares，are left alone as soon as they're born.”可知 B 项正确。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 52 【答案】 B Ⅱ.阅读填句(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Taking good notes is a timesaving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. 16 Second，your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.Third，notetaking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest. You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. 17 Whenever or however you take notes， keep in mind that notetaking is a selective process. 18 The following methods may work best for you. ●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it. ●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts. ●Write your notes in your own words. ● 19 ●Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written. As you take notes，you may want to use your own shorthand(速记)．When you do， be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. 20 A．Use words，not complete sentences. B．There are three practical notetaking methods. C．You must write your notes on separate paper. D．Otherwise，you may not be able to read your notes later. E．You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes. F．That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes. G．First，the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. 【答案】 16－20 GEFAD Ⅲ.完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) Learning to Accept I learned how to accept life as it is from my father. 21 ，he did not teach me acceptance when he was strong and healthy，but rather when he was 22 and ill. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 53 My father was 23 a strong man who loved being active，but a terrible illness 24 all that away.Now he can no longer walk，and he must sit quietly in a chair all day.Even talking is 25 ．One night，I went to visit him with my sisters. We started 26 about life，and I told them about one of my 27 ．I said that we must very often give things up 28 we grow—our youth，our beauty，our friends —but it always 29 that after we give something up，we gain something new in its place.Then suddenly my father 30 up.He said，“But，Peter，I gave up 31 ！ What did I gain？” I thought and thought，but I could not think of anything to say. 32 ，he answered his own question：“I 33 the love of my family.” I looked at my sisters and saw tears in their eyes，along with hope and thankfulness. I was also 34 by his words.After that，when I began to feel irritated (愤 怒的) at someone，I 35 remember his words and become 36 ．If he could replace his great pain with a feeling of love for others，then I should be 37 to give up my small irritations.In this 38 ，I learned the power of acceptance from my father. Sometimes I 39 what other things I could have learned from him if I had listened more carefully when I was a boy.For now，though，I am grateful for this one 40 ． 21．A.Afterwards B．Therefore C．However D．Meanwhile 【解析】 however“然而”，表转折。afterwards“后来，以后”；therefore“因此”； meanwhile“在此期间，同时”。 【答案】 C 22．A.tired B．weak C．poor D．slow 【解析】 but 表转折，文中 strong 与 weak，healthy 与 ill 相对比。 【答案】 B 23．A.already B．still C．only D．once 【解析】 作者的父亲曾经是一个强壮而又积极的人，但一场可怕的疾病改变了他。 【答案】 D 24．A.took B．threw C．sent D．put 【解析】 take sth.away“把……带走，使……消失”。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 54 【答案】 A 25．A.impossible B．difficult C．stressful D．hopeless 【解析】 本句句意：现在父亲不能走动，整天只能静静地坐在椅子上，甚至连说话都 有点吃力。 【答案】 B 26．A.worrying B．caring C．talking D．asking 【解析】 start doing sth.“开始做某事”，从后文“I told them about...”可知 开始谈论生活。 【答案】 C 27．A.decisions B．experiences C．ambitions D．beliefs 【解析】 belief“信念，信仰”，从后文看出，作者所说的是他对生活的一种看法。 【答案】 D 28．A.as B．since C．before D．till 【解析】 本句具体说了作者对生活的看法：在我们成长过程中，我们必须经常放弃一 些东西。 【答案】 A 29．A.suggests B．promises C．seems D．requires 【解析】 It seems that“看来似乎是”。 【答案】 C 30．A.spoke B．turned C．summed D．opened 【解析】 speak up“明确而坦率地说出想法”。 【答案】 A 31．A.something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 【解析】 父亲几乎失去了他所有的一切。 【答案】 D 32．A.Surprisingly B．Immediately C．Naturally D．Certainly 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 55 【解析】 surprisingly“令人惊奇地”，父亲回答了他自己的问题，是作者意想不 到的。 【答案】 A 33．A.had B．accepted C．gained D．enjoyed 【解析】 根据前文问题“What did I gain？”可知。 【答案】 C 34．A.touched B．astonished C．attracted D．warned 【解析】 be touched by＝be moved by“被……所感动”。 【答案】 A 35．A.should B．could C．would D．might 【解析】 would 表示过去的习惯行为。 【答案】 C 36．A.quiet B．calm C．relaxed D．happy 【解析】 想到父亲的话后，作者由愤怒变得平静。 【答案】 B 37．A.ready B．likely C．free D．able 【解析】 be able to“能够”。 【答案】 D 38．A.case B．form C．method D．way 【解析】 in this way“用这种方式”。 【答案】 D 39．A.doubt B．wonder C．know D．guess 【解析】 句意：有时我想知道如果小时候我认真听父亲的话，我还会学到一些其他的 什么东西。wonder“想知道”。 【答案】 B 40．A.award B．gift C．lesson D．word 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 56 【解析】 award“资金，奖品，奖章”；gift“礼物，恩赐”；lesson“教训”；word“单 词”。 【答案】 B Ⅳ.语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 What can keep your brain young and active? Marie Pasinski，41. doctor from Massachusetts General Hospital，says，“New experiences as well as a good snack.” The next time you feel 42. (bore) at the pool，play a board game or cards.Exercising your mind with a challenging game that requires brainpower， 43. chess or bridge (桥牌)，is more than just fun.These types of games are so interesting 44. they can build up working memory.Traveling，especially in the places where English isn't spoken，can make you 45. (smart) and more intelligent.There is a great deal of recent research proving its benefits. 46． the other hand，eat more nuts! Not only are nuts the perfect snack for a summer road trip，they also keep your mind sharp.Some nuts are rich in magnesium (镁)，47. can improve learning skills and memory of mice.The research 48. (publish) in the Journal Neuron last month.Another study at New York State Institute also proved the point，49. (show) that mice who ate nuts made improvements in learning ， memory ， emotional regulation and movements ， compared with 50. who didn't eat nuts. 【 答 案 】 41.a 42.bored 43.like 44.that 45.smarter 46.On 47.which 48.was published 49.showing 50.those Ⅴ.短文改错(满分 10 分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 Generally spoken，the relationship between us students，our parents and teachers is good.We are getting on well with each other.Therefore ， there exists some problems.Some students in our school are easy to lose their temper because anxiety 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 57 and study burden.What's worse，they sometime quarrel with others，and even turn a deaf ear to their parents and teachers，which is very disappointed.In my opinion， we middle school students should make our efforts to improve the situation.First， we should respect others.Second，when we are not feeling well，we can chat with us friends or teachers or ever parents.It is likely that they can understand us the better and give us some reasonable advices. 【答案】 Generally spoken speaking ，the relationship between us students，our parents and teachers is good.We are getting on well with each other. Therefore However ，there exists exist some problems.Some students in our school are easy to lose their temper because ∧ofanxiety and study burden.What's worse，they sometime sometimes quarrel with others，and even turn a deaf ear to their parents and teachers，which is very disappointed disappointing .In my opinion ， we middle school students should make our efforts to improve the situation.First，we should respect others.Second，when we are not feeling well， we can chat with us our friends or teachers or ever even parents.It is likely that they can understand us better and give us some reasonable advices advice . Ⅵ.书面表达(满分 25 分) 根据下面表格中的内容写一篇关于怎样保护濒危动物的英语作文。词数 100 左右。 题目 怎样保护濒危动物 现状 如今世界上有很多动物都面临灭绝的危险。我们是该做些事情来保护它们了 建议 1.我们需要制定一些法律来保护它们 2.我们应该建立更多的自然保护区，保护它们的栖息地 3.我们必须把动物看作是我们的好朋友来保护它们和它们共享我们的世界 【参考范文】 How to Protect the Endangered Animals 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 58 Today many animals are endangered in the world.It's time for us human beings to do something to save them. Firstly，we should make laws to protect endangered animals.Get tough with those who kill animals in danger to get large profit and punish them seriously.Only in this way can fewer endangered animals lose their lives. Secondly，we should create more nature reserves for animals to live in.Sending animals to the zoo is not the best choice ， but it's better than they are killed.Besides，we can't destroy their habitats which they have adapted to.It is when they live in the reserve and their habitats that their population will increase. Lastly，we must regard animals as our close friends and share the world with them.