【英语】山东省泰安肥城市2020届高三适应性训练（一）试题（解析版）

【英语】山东省泰安肥城市2020届高三适应性训练（一）试题（解析版）

山东省泰安肥城市2020届高三适应性训练（一）‎ 英语试题 第一部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ A Activities to Get You Outdoors While Traveling Many of us would enjoy getting outside and escaping our day to day with some fresh air while traveling. But where do you start? Try out a few of these activities and you’re sure to find a new outdoor hobby to help you enjoy nature on your next holiday.‎ Horseback Riding Many people may shy away from this, excusing lack of experience with horses, but most operators have horses for riders of any experience including none if they meet the physical requirements. Horses can take you greater distances in a shorter time, covering areas that would be difficult or inaccessible otherwise.‎ Fly-Fishing For an excuse to stand in a river enjoying the sounds, smells and scenery of some of the most beautiful places, try fly-fishing. Fishing is a perfect activity to enjoy with children, grandparents or whoever. With enough practice, you may even catch a delicious big fish.‎ Cycling + Mountain Biking On the path or the road, spending time on a bike allows you to slow down and leisurely take in the scenery around you. Mountain biking can give you the biggest excitement, while road cycling may offer a more peaceful and calming experience. Travel with your bike or rent one at your travelling places, and your possibilities for exploration have already increased.‎ Rock Climbing For a more physical and challenging experience outdoors, try your hand at rock climbing. You can get a feel for climbing in a gym, but its real rewards lie in putting those skills to use outside. Many popular travel places have great climbing within a day trip distance.‎ ‎1. Who can take a horseback ride?‎ A. Anybody who wants to take a horse ride.‎ B. Travelers without experience of horse riding.‎ C. Those who have the basic physical conditions D. The explorers who like to travel in dangerous places.‎ ‎2. Which activity is fittest for all the families?‎ A. Fly-Fishing. B. Rock Climbing.‎ C. Horseback Riding. D. Cycling + Mountain Biking.‎ ‎3. What do mountain biking and road cycling have in common?‎ A. Allowing travelers to fully enjoy the scenery.‎ B. Slowing down the travel to have an enough rest.‎ C. Getting the travelers to have the biggest excitement.‎ D. Offering a more peaceful and comfortable experience.‎ ‎【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在旅行时能进行的一些户外活动。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Horseback Riding中Many people may shy away from this, excusing lack of experience with horses, but most operators have horses for riders of any experience including none if they meet the physical requirements.可知，许多人可能会回避这一项，以缺乏骑马经验为借口，但大多数经营者都有马匹提供给有任何经验的骑手包括没经验的骑手使用，只要他们符合身体的要求。由此可知，符合基本身体条件的人可以骑马。故选C项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据Fly-Fishing中 Fishing is a perfect activity to enjoy with children, grandparents or whoever.可知，钓鱼是与孩子、祖父母或其他任何人一起享受的一项完美活动。由此可知，假蝇钓鱼是适合所有家庭的活动。故选A项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Cycling + Mountain Biking中On the path or the road, spending time on a bike allows you to slow down and leisurely take in the scenery around you.可知，在小路或公路上，花时间骑自行车可以让你放慢速度，悠闲地欣赏周围的风景。由此可知，山地自行车和公路自行车的共同之处在于能让游客充分享受风景。故选A项。‎ B Fresh off the biggest win of her short gymnastics career, 16-year-old Morgan Hurd and her coach, SIava Glazunov, landed at Philadelphia International Airport, headed to baggage claim and prepared for the hour-long drive home to Middletown, Delaware. It was a dull drill they’d performed hundreds of times before.‎ She is that gymnast who competes wearing glasses. She is so petite (娇小) that she looks tiny standing next to other gymnasts.‎ ‎“No one is born perfect,” Hurd says. “You will have imperfections. I hope more people see me and try to do sports or gymnastics with glasses. Nothing should stop you from doing something you are passionate about.”‎ Hurd was 11 months old when her mom, Sherri, adopted her from Wenzhou, China, and brought her to Middletown. When Morgan was 3, Sherri began signing her up for various sports—gymnastics, soccer, T-ball, dance. Because of her size, most sports were tough. But at gymnastics class, being tiny and flexible was a gift. By the fifth grade, her talent had outgrown her classes, so Sherri brought her to First State.‎ ‎“She stood out from the start,” Glazounov says. “She exhibited that desire. She loves to impress and she wanted it always. No one ever had to tell her to work hard.”‎ A single mom, Sherri worked as a dental hygienist for 30 years until retiring and taking a job for Discover Bank that allowed her to work from home, support her daughter’s home-schooling and help her daughter’s gymnastics career.‎ ‎“Who would have known when I went to get that little girl in China what was going to happen,” Sherri says. “This is our life now, but that is what I want for her, a life that is as fulfilling and happy as possible.”‎ ‎4. What makes Morgan Hurd different from other athletes?‎ A. She is a poor child who has a single mother.‎ B. She is an orphan who was adopted from China.‎ C She is the gymnast who competed wearing glasses.‎ D. She is an athlete who first won the champion at 16.‎ ‎5. Why did Sherri take a job for Discover Bank?‎ A. She enjoyed working at home.‎ B. She didn’t like the previous one.‎ C. She needed a thorough career change.‎ D. She could give her full support to Morgan.‎ ‎6. Which of the following best describes Morgan Hurd?‎ A. Tiny and perfect. B. Talented and Outstanding.‎ C. Flexible but incapable. D. Passionate but proud.‎ ‎7. In which column of a website can you most probably read this text?‎ A. Culture. B. Sports.‎ C. Travel. D. Job.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是记叙文，讲述了美国国家体操队运动员Morgan Hurd的成长经历。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“She is that gymnast who competes wearing glasses.”和第三段中“I hope more people see me and try to do sports or gymnastics with glasses.” Morgan Hurd是戴着眼镜参加比赛的体操运动员。她希望有更多的人试着着眼镜做运动。由此可知，Morgan 与其他运动员不同之处在于她戴着眼镜参加体操比赛。故选C项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第六段中“…taking a job for Discover Bank that allowed her to work from home, support her daughter’s home-schooling and help her daughter’s gymnastics career. （在Discover Bank的工作，让她可以在家工作，支持女儿在家接受教育，并帮助女儿的体操事业。）”由此可以推断，Morgan Hurd的妈妈退休后接受在Discover Bank的工作，是为了全力支持Morgan。故选D项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中“By the fifth grade, her talent had outgrown her classes”可知，Morgan在体操方面很有天赋；第五段中的描述“She stood out from the start”可知，她的教练认为她一开始就很出色。talented 和outstanding 分别是talent和stood out的形容词。故选B项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文，文章是关于美国国家体操队运动员Morgan Hurd的情况，应该是在网站的体育栏目读到这篇文章。故选B项。‎ C We all know that regular exercise is good for us. In recent years we’ve been told to aim to walk 10,000 steps a day to remain healthy, although other advice to do three 10-minute walks a day is thought to be even more effective. But the latest piece of research might put a spring in your step if you’re someone who walks at a fast pace. That’s because, according to scientists, the speed at which people walk in their 40s is a sign of how much their brains, as well as their bodies, are ageing.‎ The BBC’s Philippa Roxby writes that tests on 1,000 people from New Zealand born in the 1970s found that slower walkers tended to show signs of “accelerated ageing”. Their lungs, teeth and immune systems were in worse shape than those who walked faster. And to add insult to injury, the study found not only did slower walkers’ bodies age more quickly, their faces looked older and they had smaller brains. Professor Terrie, lead author of the study, told the BBC: “It found that a slow walk is a problem sign decades before old age.”‎ This might be seen as a wake-up call for people with a slower pace who might feel it’s time to work out and get fitter. But it might be too late; researchers say they were able to predict the walking speed of 45-year-olds using the results of intelligence, language and motor skills tests from when they were aged three. They also suggest that even in early life, there are signs showing which people will go on to have a healthier life.‎ So, what’s the point of knowing that a slower walking pace might mean a smaller brain? Well, researchers say measuring walking speed at a younger age, and understanding what this might mean, could be a way of testing treatments to slow human ageing. This might help us make lifestyle changes while we’re still young and healthy. Any steps we can take to prolong a good mental and physical state is a no brainer!‎ ‎8. What is the text mainly about?‎ A. Walking and health. B. Slow walking and ageing.‎ C. The way of slowing ageing. D. The standard walking pace.‎ ‎9. What does the latest research show?‎ A. Walking 10,000 steps a day helps keep fit.‎ B. A slower walker is healthier than a faster walker.‎ C. Slower walkers are easy to have slower brains.‎ D. Ageing signs of slow walkers arise earlier than fast walkers.‎ ‎10. What does the underlined words “wake-up call” refer to in Paragraph 3?‎ A. Challenge. B. Potential.‎ C. Reminder. D. Solution.‎ ‎11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. Testing walking speed before old age makes sense.‎ B. It’s important to keep fit both physically and mentally.‎ C. Walking pace is connected with health and ageing.‎ D. Walking speed at a young age determines one’s longevity.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。科学家研究称，人们在40多岁时走路的速度是他们的大脑和身体衰老程度的标志。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“That’s because, according to scientists, the speed at which people walk in their 40s is a sign of how much their brains, as well as their bodies, are ageing.”及全文内容可知，科学家研究称，人们在40多岁时走路的速度是他们的大脑和身体衰老程度的标志。所以用“Slow walking and ageing.( 走路慢，老得快)”作为文章的标题最为恰当。故选B。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The BBC’s Philippa Roxby writes that tests on 1,000 people from New Zealand born in the 1970s found that slower walkers tended to show signs of “accelerated ageing”.( 英国广播公司的菲利帕·罗克斯比写道，对1000名出生于20世纪70年代的新西兰人进行的测试发现，走得慢的人往往有“加速衰老”的迹象。)”和“It found that a slow walk is a problem sign decades before old age.( 研究发现，走路慢是人老前几十年就会出现的问题。)”可知，走路慢的人比走路快的人更早出现衰老迹象。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“people with a slower pace who might feel it’s time to work out and get fitter.”可知，对于步态较慢的人来说可能觉得到了该锻炼身体的时候了。由此可以猜测“This might be seen as a wake-up call”含义为“这可能是一个警钟”，即wake-up call为“警钟”之意。故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This might help us make lifestyle changes while we’re still young and healthy. Any steps we can take to prolong a good mental and physical state is a no brainer! (这可能会帮助我们在年轻健康的时候改变生活习惯。我们可以采取任何措施来延长良好的精神和身体状态都是可以理解的!)”可推断，在年老之前测试行走速度是有意义的。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题3要求猜测出wake-up call的含义，就是根据文章第三段“people with a slower pace who might feel it’s time to work out and get fitter.”可知，对于步态较慢的人来说可能觉得到了该锻炼身体的时候了。由此可以猜测“This might be seen as a wake-up call”含义为“这可能是一个警钟”，从而推测出wake-up call为“警钟”之意。‎ D Before the end of the year, employees at Ubiquitous Energy, a company in Redwood City, Calif, will gather in a window-lined conference room to stare toward the future. That’s because their new glass windows will offer more than an amazing view of the North California landscape. They will also be able to power the company’s lights, computers and air conditioners.‎ Several years in the making, Ubiquitous’ energy-producing glass is a remarkable technological achievement. Its power lies in the layers of organic polymers (聚合物) between sheets of glass. As light enters the window,the flow of electrons between the polymer layers creates an electric current, which is then collected by tiny wires in the glass.‎ ‎“It’s sort of like a transparent computer display run in reverse (反过来),” says Veeral Hardev, director of business development at Ubiquitous Energy. “Instead of electricity being shuttled to different points in a display to light them up, light is producing electricity to be shuttled out of different points in the window.”‎ Right now the windows produce about a third as much electricity from a given amount of sunlight as the typical solar cells used in roof panels (板).These windows, about half as transparent as ordinary glass, don’t work as well as transparent ones. Hardev says the company is likely to improve the transparency significantly. As for the lower output of electricity, he notes ‎ that windows can cover a much greater surface area than a roof, so numerous windows will produce a surprisingly larger amount of electricity than the production from a rooftop full of higher-efficiency solar panels. “You could do both.” says Hardev. “But you’ll get more from the windows. The biggest challenge, he adds, is increasing the windows from less than two square feet currently to about 50 square feet.”‎ ‎12. What makes the new glass windows special?‎ A. They can offer an amazing view.‎ B. They are controlled by computers.‎ C. They can power the conference room.‎ D. They can help stare toward the future.‎ ‎13. What is Hardev trying to explain in Paragraph 3?‎ A. The source of light.‎ B. The significance of different points.‎ C. The similarity of computer and glass.‎ D. The working principle of energy-producing glass.‎ ‎14. What can affect power production according to the passage?‎ A. The transparency of the glass.‎ B. The quality of the rooftop.‎ C. The height of the solar panels.‎ D. The thickness of the glass.‎ ‎15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?‎ A. Windows: A New Challenge of Technology B. Windows: No Longer Just for Letting in the Light C. Power: A Pressing Problem in the Near Future D. Power: Not Enough from Rooftop Solar Panels ‎【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章讲述了Ubiquitous Energy公司研发出的新玻璃窗不仅可以让光线进入屋内，它们还可以为公司的灯，计算机和空调供电。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的They will also be able to power the company’s lights, computers and air conditioners.可知，它们还能够为公司的灯，计算机和空调供电。由此可知，新的玻璃窗与众不同的是它们可以为会议室供电。故选C。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中“It’s sort of like a transparent computer display run in reverse (反过来),” says Veeral Hardev, director of business development at Ubiquitous Energy. “Instead of electricity being shuttled to different points in a display to light them up, light is producing electricity to be shuttled out of different points in the window. ”可知，“这有点像一台反向运行的透明电脑显示器，”Ubiquitous Energy的业务开发主管维洛拉•哈德夫表示。他说：“不是把电传送到显示器的不同点来点亮它们，而是把产生的电从窗口的不同点传送出去。”由此可知，哈德夫在第三段中想要解释的是产生电能的新玻璃窗的工作原理。故选D。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的These windows, about half as transparent as ordinary glass, don’t work as well as transparent ones. Hardev says the company is likely to improve the transparency significantly.可知，这些窗户的透明度只有普通玻璃的一半，但却不如透明玻璃那么好用。哈德夫说，公司可能会大幅提高透明度。由此可知，玻璃的透明度会影响发电量。故选A。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，Ubiquitous Energy公司研发出的新玻璃窗不仅可以让光线进入屋内，它们还可以为公司的灯，计算机和空调供电。因此B项Windows: No Longer Just for Letting in the Light(窗户：不再只是为了让光线进来)符合文章内容，可以作为最佳标题。故选B。‎ 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎75 years—that’s how long it took to conduct the Harvard Grant Study that revealed the state of success and happiness depends on two things: love and work ethic (工作准则). ___16___ And the idea that children doing chores are more likely to succeed is surely new.‎ Kids who grow up doing chores contribute.‎ Chores help a person develop a certain attitude which can lead to them taking charge when there’s help needed. ___17___ Those who’ve learned to take the initiative since childhood are ‎ more likely to be leaders.‎ Kids develop self-efficacy.‎ When a kid sees that his / her actions lead to a certain outcome, it opens a door to a whole network of other activities like thinking, coping, trying, failing and succeeding. It gives the kid more space to experience life in general. ___18___‎ They become more capable and responsible.‎ ‎___19___ And protecting your child from household duties and building a dependent pattern of behavior does more damage in the end. More or less independent living will cause a definite stress for a child who gets used to the fact that a certain part of their life is done without their participation or effort.‎ They figure out how to get tasks done.‎ Parents should not put all the effort into kids’ good grades and thick resume, but rather on forming a certain set of habits, skills and a mindset in general. ___20___ This includes, for example, the ability to schedule a day, prioritize urgent and important tasks.‎ A. It’s more or less obvious with love.‎ B. Kids should be rewarded for doing chores.‎ C. This quality will be useful in group projects.‎ D. This will help them more in life than good grades ever will.‎ E. Parents should encourage kids to do chores for the good of health.‎ F. Chores are a big part of everyday life which is impossible to avoid.‎ G. Doing chores gives them more control over another area of their life.‎ ‎【答案】16. A 17. C 18. G 19. F 20. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。哈佛大学花费75年的时间做的研究成果：做家务的孩子更有可能成功。短文介绍了做家务对孩子的益处。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 结合空白处前的句子：75 years—that’s how long it took to conduct the Harvard Grant Study that revealed the state of success and happiness depends on two things: love and work ethic.75年--这就是哈佛大学进行这项研究所花费的时间。这项研究揭示了成功和幸福的状态取决于两件事:‎ ‎ 爱和职业道德。可知，哈佛大学进行这项研究所花费的时间为75年，这就是对研究的执着，也就说明了成功取决于对事情的挚爱。选项A“ 爱是显而易见的”切题。故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 空白处前的句子Chores help a person develop a certain attitude which can lead to them taking charge when there’s help needed. 家务活可以帮助一个人养成某种态度，这种态度可以使他们在需要帮助的时候负起责任。可以得出，这种品质对一个人的生活的积极影响。所以，在接下来的论述中，将要阐述的是这种品质的积极影响。选项C“这种品质在团队项目中非常有用” 切题。故选C。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 结合空白处前It gives the kid more space to experience life in general. 这给孩子更多的空间去体验生活。可以得出，孩子做家务活后让孩子在其他的方面都有了更多的空间去体验生活，作为段落的总结句，就应该对此进行总说。选项G“做家务可以让他们更好地控制生活的其他方面”。充分肯定了做家务活带给孩子的好处。切题。故选G。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据空白处后一句And protecting your child from household duties and building a dependent pattern of behavior does more damage in the end. 保护你的孩子远离家务劳动，养成一种依赖的行为模式，最终会造成更大的伤害。据此可知，空白处应该讲的是家务活在日常生活中是不可避免的。选项F“ 家务活在日常生活中是不可避免的” 切题。故选F。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 空白处前的内容Parents should not put all the effort into kids’ good grades and thick resume, but rather on forming a certain set of habits, skills and a mindset in general. 父母不应该把所有的精力都放在孩子的好成绩和厚厚的简历上，而应该放在养成某些习惯、技能和一般的心态上。结合空白处后一句This includes, for example, the ability to schedule a day, prioritize urgent and important tasks. 这包括，例如，安排一天的能力，优先处理紧急和重要的任务。此处讲的是孩子在其他方面的表现出的能力。据此可以推出，空白处填的内容父母不这样做的好处和意义。比较选项发现，选项D“这对他们的生活比好成绩更有帮助”切题。故选D。‎ 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ It was the first day of our youth group ski trip. While I waited for the ski lift, I saw a booth (亭子) ___21___ ski lessons. I considered taking an hour-long lesson, but then I heard my voice in ‎ my head: Nah, you don’t need any help. ___22___, you’ve skied once before.‎ As I stood on the edge of the beginner’s slope (斜坡), my ___23___ shrank, for I hadn’t skied for two years. But ___24___ enough, I’d be able to figure it out.‎ So, I pushed off and ___25___. I was like a ___26___ moose (驼鹿) on roller skates. My skis crossed each other. I couldn’t stop or ___27___. I fell about eight times on that beginner’s slope ___28___ I finally came to a stop by hitting a small tree. The second time down, I only fell four times, so I ___29___ I was getting better. I rode up for a third try with my friend Jen.‎ ‎“Todd, you might really hurt yourself,” Jen said gently. “I think you should take a ____30____.”‎ I don’t need help! I screamed in my head. With that, I ____31____ down the hill. Near the bottom, my left ski rocketed out from under me. My upper body threw ____32____. My entire weight ____33____ on my face.‎ As my head pounded and my face started to swell, I finally ____34____ that I needed help. I swallowed my ____35____ and marched up to the ski lessons booth.‎ ‎21. A. offering B. declaring C. creating D. recording ‎22. A. Above all B. All in all C. In all D. After all ‎23. A. attention B. wisdom C. confidence D. experience ‎24. A. sure B. sad C. frank D. honest ‎25 A‎. calmed down B. sped up C. gave in D. stood out ‎26. A. wild B. quiet C. anxious D. gentle ‎27. A. sign B. turn C. wave D. shake ‎28. A. after B. unless C. before D. when ‎29. A. doubted B. feared C. hoped D. figured ‎30. A. break B. ride C. risk D. lesson ‎31. A. flew B. walked C. rolled D. danced ‎32. A. across B. aside C. forward D. backward ‎33. A. leaned B. landed C. slid D. stuck ‎34. A. agreed B. denied C. admitted D. regretted ‎35. A. anger B. pride C. panic D. energy ‎【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D ‎ ‎ 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者虽然两年没有滑雪，但是认为自己以前有滑雪经历，不需要任何帮助，坚持自己滑雪，在滑雪过程中摔跤数次，最终求助的经历。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我等待滑雪缆车的时候，我看到一个提供滑雪课程的亭子。A. offering 提供；B. declaring 申明；C. creating 创造；D. recording 记录。根据下一句“I considered taking an hour-long lesson”可知，我考虑参加一个长时间的课程。由此可见，我是看到亭子内提供滑雪课程。选项A. offering 提供，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查副词词组辨析。句意：毕竟，你之前滑过一次雪了。A. Above all 首先，尤其是；B. All in all 总而言之；C. In all 总共，合计；D. After all 毕竟。根据前文“I considered taking an hour-long lesson, but then I heard my voice in my head: Nah, you don’t need any help.”可知，我考虑参加一个长时间的课程，但是然后我在大脑中听到我的声音：呐，你不需要任何帮助。由此可见，本句“你之前滑过一次雪了”和前文“我考虑参加一个长时间的课程”一种转折关系。选项D. after all 毕竟，表达转折关系，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我站在初学者的斜波边缘时，我的自信心退缩了，因为我已经两年没有滑过雪了。A. attention 注意力；B. wisdom 智慧；C. confidence 自信；D. experience 经历。由本句中的“for I hadn’t skied for two years.”可知，因为我已经两年没有滑过雪了。这是对前面“my ______ shrank”的原因说明。由此可见，我因为两年没有滑过雪，所以不是很相信自己能否滑好。选项C. confidence 自信，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是足够确信的是，我将能处理好。A. sure 确信的，一定的；B. sad 悲伤的，难过的；C. frank 坦白的，直率的；D. honest 诚实的。由本句中的But可知，本句和前一句“As I stood on the edge of the beginner’s slope (斜坡), my ______ shrank, for I hadn’t skied for two years.”表达的“当我站在初学者的斜波边缘时，我的自信心退缩了，因为我已经两年没有滑过雪了。”，两者是对比关系。由此可见，本句应表达的是我相信自己可以滑好。选项A. sure 确信的，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词组辨析。句意：所以我离开并且加速。A. calmed down 平静下来；B. sped up 加速；C. gave in 放弃；D. stood out 站出来，引人注目。由后文“My skis crossed each other. I couldn’t stop or ______.”可知，我的滑雪撬在相互交叉。我不能停止或者转弯。由此可见，我滑动雪橇离开，然后是加速滑雪，滑雪撬才会交叉并且无法停止下来。选项B. sped up 加速，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我就像一个穿着溜冰鞋发狂的驼鹿。A. wild 野生的，狂热的；B. quiet 安静的；C. anxious 焦虑的；D. gentle 温和的。由后两句“My skis crossed each other. I couldn’t stop or ______.”可知，我的滑雪撬在相互交叉。我不能停止或者转弯。由此可见，我的滑雪行为就像个发狂奔走的驼鹿。选项A. wild 野生的，狂热的，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能停止或者转弯。A. sign 签名；B. turn 转弯，转动；C. wave 挥舞；D. shake 摇动。由后一句“I fell about eight times on that beginner’s slope ______ I finally came to a stop by hitting a small tree.”可知，在我撞上一颗小树最终停下来之前，我在初学者的斜坡上摔倒了8次。由此可见，我不会停下和转弯这些滑雪的动作，一直让自己摔倒。选项B. turn 转弯，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：在我撞上一颗小树最终停下来之前，我在初学者的斜坡上摔倒了8次。A. after 在……之后；B. unless 直到……才；C. before 在……之前；D. when 当……时。分析本句可知，前半部分“我在初学者的斜坡上摔倒了8次”和后半部分“我撞上一颗小树最终停下来”之间的动作是先后关系，“我在初学者的斜坡上摔倒了8次”发生在“我撞上一颗小树最终停下来”之前。选项C. before 在……之前，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二次滑下来，我只摔倒了4次，所以我认为我正在变的更好。A. doubted 疑惑；B. feared 害怕；C. hoped 希望；D. figured 认为。由本句中的so可知，前半部分“第二次滑下来，我只摔倒了4次”和后半部分“后半部分“我正在变得更好”之间是因果关系。由此可见，我因为自己第二次只摔倒了4次，所以认为我是在变得更好。选项D. figured 认为，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为你应该参加课程。A. break 休息；B. ride 旅程；C. risk 风险；D. lesson 课程。由最后一段最后一句“I swallowed my ______ and marched up to the ski lessons booth.”可知，我收起我得骄傲，然后冲向教滑雪课程的亭子。由此可见，作者应该去参加滑雪课程。选项D. lesson 课程，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：伴随着脑海中的尖叫，我往山下飞去。A. flew 飞；B. walked 步行；C. rolled 滚动；D. danced 跳舞。由后文“Near the bottom, my left ski rocketed out from under me. My upper body threw ______. My entire weight ______ on my face.”可知，在接近山底的时候，我左边的滑雪撬从我底下冲出。我的上半身向前一倾我整个重量飞落到我的脸上。由此可见，作者是在往山下滑行，如同飞出去一般。选项A. flew 飞，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的上半身向前一倾。A. across 横穿；B. aside 在旁边；C. forward 向前地；D. backward 向后地。由后一句“My entire weight ______ on my face.”可知，我整个重量飞落到我的脸上。由此可见，我的上半身向前一倾，整个人翻转落地。选项C. forward 向前地，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我整个重量飞落到我的脸上。A. leaned 倾斜；B. landed 着落； C. slid 滑落；D. stuck 粘贴。由前两句“Near the bottom, my left ski rocketed out from under me. My upper body threw ______.”可知，在接近山底的时候，我左边的滑雪撬从我底下冲出。我上半身向前扔出去。由此可见，这是对我摔倒的具体描述，我的上半身向前一倾，接着是脸部落地的动作。选项B. landed 着落，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的头连续受到重击，我的脸开始肿胀的时候，我最后承认我需要帮助。A. agreed 同意；B. denied 否认；C. admitted 承认；D. regretted 后悔。由第一段的第三句后半部分“but then I heard my voice in my head: Nah, you don’t need any help.”和第五段的第一句“I don’t need help!”可知，但是我听到我大脑中的声音：呐，你不需要任何帮助。我不需要帮助！由此可见，我一直都认为自己是不需要帮助的，但是经过自己头连续重击，脸开始肿胀，最后承认需要帮助。选项C. admitted 承认，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我收起我的骄傲，然后冲向滑雪课程的亭子。A. anger ‎ 愤怒；B. pride 骄傲；C. panic 恐慌；D. energy 能量。由第二段“As I stood on the edge of the beginner’s slope (斜坡), my ______ shrank, for I hadn’t skied for two years. But ______ enough, I’d be able to figure it out.”可知，当我站在初学者的斜波边缘时，我的自信心退缩了，因为我已经两年没有滑过雪了。但是足够确信，我将能解决掉它。由此可见，我一开始对自己足够自信，认为自己有能力解决滑雪问题，不需要任何帮助。这是对自己能力的绝对自信和骄傲。选项B. pride 骄傲，符合语境。故选B。‎ 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase ___36___ (appreciate) of China’s ancient cultural heritage. They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Magao Caves, ___37___ were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China’s ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs ___38___ (produce) since the international project started in 1994.‎ The Magao Caves have long been ___39___ meeting point for different cultures. Today, the caves are just as international as they ___40___ (be) at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people ___41___ (admire) in America.‎ By___42___ (share) so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even ___43___ (wide) interest around the world in China’s ancient history, culture, and traditions. They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future ___44___ (generation) to understand and appreciate. As one researcher who is working ____45____ the project explains, “Appreciating the cultural heritage is very important for international communication and understanding.”‎ ‎【答案】36. appreciation 37. which 38. have been produced 39. a 40. were ‎ ‎41. to admire 42. sharing 43. wider 44. generations 45. on ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了莫高窟文物数字图像采集工作的进程、历史重要性以及采集来的数字图像的用途。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词。动词increase后接名词形式作宾语。故填appreciation。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，这是非限定性定语从句。先行词为the Magao Caves，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。‎ ‎38题详解】‎ 考查时态和语态。句意：自从1994年这个国际项目开始后，大约已经生成五十万份高质量的数字影像。由时间状语since可知，应使用现在完成时。主语digital photographs与produce之间是被动关系，所以应使用被动语态。且主语是复数形式，故填have been produced。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查冠词。名词point为可数名词，且前面的meeting是以辅音音素发音开头，所以用不定冠词a。a meeting point表示“一个交集点”。故填a。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：现在这些石窟就像当年人们走丝绸之路时一样具有国际性。根据“at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.”可知用一般过去时，根据主语they可知，谓语用复数形式。故填were。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：世界各地的游客来敦煌看石窟，洛杉矶盖蒂博物馆复制了这些石窟和画，让人们在美国就可以欣赏。这里用不定式的复合结构：for sb. to do sth.作定语，修饰名词copy。 故填to admire。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。介词by后接动名词形式。故填sharing。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。空格位于名词前，应用形容词形式。even修饰形容词的比较级,再根据句意“该组织希望能在世界范围内引起人们对中国古代历史的更广泛兴趣”。故填wider。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。句意：他们还希望进一步教育人们保护历史和文化遗产的重要性，让子孙后代了解和欣赏。名词generation为可数名词，且前无冠词，所以用复数形式表示泛指。故填generations。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：一位从事该项目的研究人员解释说，“欣赏文化遗产对国际交流和理解非常重要。”短语work on从事于……。故填on。‎ 第三部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节 (满分15分)‎ ‎46.假定你是李华，你校交换生 David 有意加入学校阳光志愿者组织（Sunshine Club），向你咨询相关情况，请你给他写一封回信, 内容包括：‎ ‎1. 表示支持；‎ ‎2. 主要志愿活动；‎ ‎3. 申请方式。‎ 注意：1. 词数80左右；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear David,‎ Glad to know your desire to be a volunteer of the Sunshine Club. As a member, I do regard it worthwhile to be engaged in volunteering and I'm writing to give you my full support. ‎ As for major activities, regularly, we are committed to raising funds and donations for those in need. Sometimes we hold events in the local community to promote people's awareness of environmental protection.‎ Once you have decided, please fill in the application form attached and send it to me cooking forward to your participation. ‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ 本篇考查的作文类型是提纲类写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你校交换生 David 有意加入学校阳光志愿者组织（Sunshine Club），向你咨询相关情况，请你给他写一封回信, 内容包括：1. 表示支持；2. 主要志愿活动；3. 申请方式。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：worthwhile (值得的)；be engaged in (参与 ‎)；be committed to (致力于)；environmental protection (环保)等。 ‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【高分句型一】‎ The reason why I'm writing to you is that I would like to give you my full support. 我给你写信的原因是我想给你全力的支持。运用表语从句。‎ ‎【高分句型二】‎ Sometimes we hold events whose aim is to promote people's awareness of environmental protection in the local community. 有时我们举办活动的目的是在当地社区提高人们的环保意识。运用定语从句从句。‎ 第二节 (满分25 分)‎ ‎47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数为150左右。‎ I was a mother of four children, working at a low-paid job. Money was always valuable, but we had a roof over our heads, food on the table, and clothes in the wardrobe. I always tell myself to be brave and strong. I hope all my efforts would be worthwhile, as long as my children can grow up healthily. It was Christmas time. We drove downtown to see the Christmas lights, and enjoyed a special dinner, but the big excitement for the kids was the fun of Christmas shopping at the mall. This was a tradition of my family, so they all looked forward to the coming of the season of goodwill. They talked and planned for weeks ahead of time, asking each other what they wanted for Christmas.‎ The big day arrived and we started out early. I gave each of the four kids a twenty -dollar bill and asked them to search for gifts. Then everyone scattered（分散开）with the bill. I sat at a table in a café waiting for my children and enjoying an instant of silence. It must be a happy day.‎ Back in the car driving home, everyone was excited about Christmas, laughing and asking each other about what they had bought. I noted Ginger, my younger daughter had only one small and flat bag with her. I could see enough through the plastic bag to tell that she had bought candy bars—fifty-cent candy bars! What did she do with that twenty-dollar bill I had given her? I was so ‎ angry. After getting home, I called her into my bedroom and closed the door. I couldn't hold back my anger and shouted at her, "What about the rest of the money? No one would be convinced all these candies are worth 20 dollars. What do you want to do with the rest of the money?"‎ Paragraph 1:‎ She was shocked at my reaction and burst into tears. _________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2:‎ My anger disappeared. ________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Paragraph 1:‎ She was shocked at my reaction and burst into tears. She explained to me what had happened. “I was looking around, wondering what to buy, when I found the ‘Giving Trees’ with many lovely little cards on it. Out of curiosity,I stopped and read one of them. It was for a four-year-old girl. All she wanted for Christmas was a doll. Although I had only 15 dollars left, I thought of the poor girl. I had bought sweets for my Christmas. Mom, we had so much but she didn't have anything. So I took the card off the tree and bought the doll for her. ”‎ Paragraph 2:‎ My anger disappeared. I smiled at them and felt a great relief. I never felt so rich as I did that day. My efforts paid off . Yes, we were li ving a poor life. However，my children had learned to care about others. They had known the significance of kindness and giving. ‎ That was what I had for my Christmas.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者是四个孩子的母亲，生活拮据。但作者觉得只要孩子能健康成长，她的一切努力都是值得的。圣诞节到了，作者给了四个孩子每人一张20美元的钞票，让他们去买喜欢的礼物。回来时，作者发现小女儿Ginger用20美元只买了50美分的棒棒糖。作者很生气，质问她拿剩下的钱都做了什么。‎ ‎【详解】续写部分分为两段。‎ 第1段开头是：她被我的反应震惊了，哭了起来。接下来应该写Ginger向作者解释发生的事情。Ginger在买圣诞礼物时看到了“赠予树”，上面有很多小卡片。她阅读了其中的一张，是来自一个4岁的小女孩的。她想要一个洋娃娃作为圣诞礼物。于是Ginger从树上摘下卡片，给那个小女孩买了一个洋娃娃。‎ 第2段开头是：我的怒气没有了。下面应该写作者的感受。作者感到非常欣慰，觉得自己从来没有像那天那样富有。虽然他们一家过着贫困的生活，但是孩子们学会了关爱别人，知道善良和给予的意义。‎ 续写前需要仔细阅读文章，熟悉文章故事的发展，然后根据故事发展脉络，展开合理的想象，按要求完成任务。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，重点突出，同时表达时也使用了很多高级词汇，如explain… to sb.；look around；out of curiosity；think of；buy sth. for sb.；smile at；feel a great relief；pay off；live a poor life；care about；the significance of；kindness ‎ 等；还运用了复杂的句式，如“be doing… when”句型的运用I was looking around…when I found the ‘Giving Trees’； although引导的让步状语从句的运用 Although I had only 15 dollars left, I thought of the poor girl；what引导的表语从句的运用That was what I had for my Christmas等。‎