专题01 阅读理解应用文-备战2019年高考英语之阅读类试题解题妙招 （解析版）

专题01 阅读理解应用文-备战2019年高考英语之阅读类试题解题妙招 （解析版）

专题01 阅读理解应用文 要求考生阅读5篇短文，从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项。题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容。体裁多样，以记叙文、议论文、说明文为主。‎ 考查主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、篇章结构等题型。‎ ‎【备考启示】‎ 应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介绍、新闻报道等，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格等。英语《考试说明》对＂读＂的能力要求之一是：要求考生读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章并能识别不同文体的特征。研读近年全国各地的高考试题可以看出，应用文是高考阅读理解命题的重要体裁之一。现简要介绍应用文的特点、类型和解题技巧。‎ 一、应用文阅读试题的文体特点 应用文不同于其他文体的文章，其目的是为了向读者传输信息，措辞简洁明了，直截了当.一般说来，应用文英语阅读试题具有以下特点：‎ ‎1. 选材特点 信息量大，文句精炼，形式灵活，用最少的篇幅表达最大量的信息。‎ ‎2. 内容特点 生活化，实用化，多样化，如产品宣传、服务介绍、通知、海报、启示、招生招聘等。‎ ‎3. 形式特点 标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章的结构更鲜明。‎ ‎4. 语言特点 人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多；结构不完整。‎ ‎5. 命题特点 主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对较容易。‎ 二、应用文的主要类型 应用文的类型主要有：同主题广告，混合型广告，规则、通知、咨询问答、注意事项等，指南，书评、问卷调查、告示、参观须知、申请书、个人简介等。‎ 三、应用文解题技巧点拨 高考应用文阅读理解设题以细节理解题为主，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息。细节题的题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。‎ 做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。‎ 同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。具体答题策略如下：‎ ‎1. 先题后文 先读试题，了解试题考点；明确目的，快速捕捉，获取信息。‎ ‎2. 题干定向 根据题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，按照题目顺序依次而下：问题与材料相同→对号入座；问题与原文相同→同义替换、归纳事实等。‎ ‎3. 生词模糊 遇到生词；如与答题无关，直接跳过；涉及答题，则根据语境、构词法等猜词。‎ ‎4. 信息补全 对于影响理解的省略句，可根据语境，将其补全。‎ 总之，应用文类型的阅读文章一般说来比较易理解，文章类型以广告形式居多，设问根据文章的段落秩序，多以细节事实理解为主，答案的寻找可以根据问题中的关键字顺藤摸瓜，辅以适当的推理判断。了解了应用文的措辞和内容特点，我们在实践中总结出解答应用文试题的关键是：抓信息。‎ 提示：应用文阅读题做完后，不可轻易改答案，要相信第一感觉。因为第一次解题时思路最清晰，假如没十分把握，以不改为好，防止弄巧成拙。‎ 全国高考英语考试说明明确指出，要求考生读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章，这说明了应用文文体在高考英语中的重要性。这个特点在历年高考试题中有明显的印证，不管是全国高考卷，还是省区高考卷中基本每年都涉及应用文 文体的考查，这充分体现了＂为用而学，学以致用＂的新课程理念。因此，考生很有必要认真研读阅读理解中应用文的特征和命题特点，并掌握一定的解题方法。本文拟结合近年高考英语全国卷阅读理解中所涉及的应用文文体，帮助考生提高阅读理解的解题能力。 ‎ 应用文是在日常工作和生活中使用的文体，通常以实用性为目的、以真实性为基础、以时效性为根本、以规范性为准则。该文体一般可分为两大类：一类是说明性应用文，包括广告、启事、海报、守则、公告、指南、个人简历、备忘录、摘要等；另一类是叙述性应用文，如书信、日记、便条、报告、请帖等。目的都是向读者传输信息。高考试题主要涉及宣传广告、公告类应用文，偶尔也会有书信类文章出现。从近三年高考全国卷阅读理解中应用文的话题分布情况可知，前一类是应用文命题的首选题材，其中包括广告、海报和指南等。‎ 在高考英语阅读理解中应用文体的考查主要有如下几个特点：‎ ‎1. 就文体特点而言，应用文主要是为了向读者传递信息，措辞简洁明了，一般来说，和所述问题无关的文字不会出现。例如很多文章没有标题，甚至通篇没有一个完整的句子，而是用词、数字、缩写、短语等来替代。‎ ‎2. 就选材特点来说，信息量大，文句精练，形式灵活，用最小的篇幅表述最大量的信息。其中书信，招聘和商品销售等广告，交通运输时刻表，日记等的比例较大。其内容特点表现为：生活化，实用化，多样化。‎ ‎3. 就形式特点而言，标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章结构更鲜明。‎ ‎4. 就语言特点来说，文章充斥大量冗长而生僻的专有名词，如人名、地名、机构名、组织名、书籍名、作品名等等，而且没有汉语注释。缩略词、祈使句、省略句多。‎ ‎5. 在行文方式方面，应用文的每种文体都有固定的格式。叙述性应用文采用一般记叙文的写作方法，无特别之处；说明性应用文的行文呈排列式，即以小标题为单位逐一下行排列。‎ ‎6. 就命题特点来说，高考英语应用文的设问一般是按照文章段落的顺序依次设置，主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既考查对特定细节的选取、排除、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对容易。具体讲来主要有四大类：(1)细节理解题，即要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。这一题型常见的命题方式有事实认定题、图形辨认题、数字运算题等。(2)推理判断题。这类题主要考查考生根据文章的字面意思，通过分析语篇的逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。(3)主旨大意题。该类题主要考查考生对所读材料中心思想的概括.其考查形式有很多，如概括标题、主题、中心思想等。(4)词义猜测题，即要求考生根据一定的上下文猜测生词的词义。‎ 广告类阅读题的五大特点 ‎1. 材料特点：大家知道，刊登广告是要钱的，为了节省费用，人们在拟写广告时往往都希望用最少的篇幅表现最大量的信息，这就决定了广告类材料通常具有以下特点：信息量大，用词简练，形式灵活。 ‎ ‎2. 内容特点：综观近几年的高考英语阅读理解题，其中广告类阅读题内容主要涉及的是与人们生活息息相关的信息，如产品宣传、服务介绍、招生招聘等。 ‎ ‎3. 形式特点：做广告的主要目的就是要让受众了解并记住广告的内容，并为广告上所刊登的内容(产品或服务等)买单。为了达到这一目的，人们在设计广告时往往会做到：标题醒目，重点突出，条理清楚。 ‎ ‎4. 用词特点：广告类阅读材料的用词有＂三多＂特点：一是人名、地名、专有名词多；二是生词多；三是缩略词、省略句多。 ‎ ‎5. 命题特点：广告类阅读是近几年高考英语阅读理解最常考的题材，在阅读理解的选材中占有很大的比重。命题者的目的是要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，所以命题的题型多是以获取信息为主的细节理解题。 ‎ 命题趋势 ‎1. 考点趋势：今后对语篇领悟能力的检测仍是高考的重点和基本点，同时还需关注对主旨大意题和文章结构题的考查。‎ ‎2. 理解层次趋势：表层意义理解题减少，深层含义理解题增多。考查难度有所增加，由简单寻找信息向多层次细节推理的趋势比较明显。‎ ‎3. 信息量和词汇量：阅读理解材料信息浓缩，词汇总量减少，但对词汇量的考查在加大，非考纲词汇有所增加(主要为词根加上前、后缀或有词义转化的词)。旨在引导学生掌握词汇的合成、派生和转化，让考生能通过上下文或构词法来理解词汇的含义。《考试说明》中＂根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义＂这一新要求预示对能力要求有所提高。‎ ‎4. 句子的难度：长句增多，句子难度加大。复合句、省略句、倒装句和插入语等语言现象普遍。‎ ‎5. 体裁和题材：继续体现体裁和题材多样化，并彰显英语国家语言与文化特点，强化文化意识的渗透。题材涉猎广泛，体现＂语言是文化的载体＂这一理念。‎ 应用文体阅读理解题的应对策略 现在高考英语阅读理解的内容更趋生活化、信息化、时代化，较多涉及广告等实际应用文体。应用文是贴近日常生活的文体，包括通知、广告、申请书等，形式多样，题材各异，是近年来考查得比较多的一种文体。广告应用文语言地道，多采用简单句，很少用句型结构较为复杂的长、难句，因此读起来比较容易。但是此类文章篇幅较长，信息较多，而且很多是对解题来说无用的信息。因此在解题时要注意掌握技巧。 ‎ 抓住广告的标题：我们要把广告各部分的标题浏览一遍，明白广告的目的。如果广告开头有导语，一定要认真阅读，因为开头一般概括文章大意。然后再看试题，带着试题到文章中寻找答案。这就好比我们在生活中阅读报刊中的广告一样，先看广告部分的分类标题，然后再带着自己的需要去寻找所需信息。最后根据问题在文中找相关线索，排除错误选项， 得出最佳答案。‎ 广告文章的阅读一般采取跳读、略读等快速阅读法，快速浏览信息，搜索对比。对文中信息的快速处理能力是考查阅读理解能力的重要方面。‎ 先看问题再读文章：做一般的阅读理解题时是先看文章还是先看试题应视个人的习惯和具体情况而定。但是广告文体文章比较长，此时我们不必记住所有信息，可以先阅读题目，带着问题阅读，多注意细节，如时间、地点、人物或数据等，简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。 ‎ 高考英语应用文阅读技能指导 考生必须掌握应对应用文阅读的一些常见技巧或方法，这样有利于快速、准确地答题。 ‎ ‎1. 夯实基础 尽量多积累一些非考纲单词和一些常见的缩写词语，由于应用文中常常出现大量的缩写词和一些生词，这就要求同学们平时要在老师的指导下，有意识地尽量多积累一些非考纲单词和一些常见的缩写词语。例如：表时间，路程，数量：am=morning， pm=afternoon， Mon=Monday， Jan.=January，hr=hour， hrs =hours， P.W.=perweek，ml= mile，doz=dozen，Max=maximum，Min=minimum ‎ 表通信和影视设备：Te1.=telephone number， Ph.=phone 表媒体：VOA=Voice of America，BBC=British Broadcasting Corporation 表学历、职业：MA=Master of Arts，BS degree= bachelor’s degree(学士学位)，prof.=professor，Dr.=doctor，VIP=very important persons ‎ 表国家、组织、地点：the USA=the United States of America，the PRC=the People’s Republic of China，WTO=World Trade Organization，co.=company，Add(r).=address，Sta=Station，Mt=Mountain ‎ 表方向：s=south， n=north， w=west，e=east 其他：Lid=Limited，P=page，pop=popular，Xmas=Christmas，info=information，ad=advertisement，vs=versus，PC=personal computer 等等。‎ ‎2. 宜采用＂题干定位法＂‎ 应用文阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在高考试题中，常常是就某一点提问，以细节理解题为主，考生完全没有必要从头到尾全部仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用＂题干定位法＂，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有针对性地结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比较。当问题与材料相同的时候，对号入座；如果问题与原文不同，则可以同义替换、归纳事实等。要注意根据所提问题采用寻读、跳读的方法，这样往往可以达到事半功倍的效果。‎ ‎3. 补全成分法 ‎ 省略词和省略句在应用文阅读材料中大量出现，对于影响语境理解的省略情况，我们应结合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。例如：Driver wanted. 根据文意，可将该句补充为＂A driver will be wanted.(招聘一名司机。) ＂。‎ ‎4. 排除法 排除法在应用文阅读中也应用得较多，即排除与文章内容不一致的错误信息，从而确定正确选项。‎ 题组一(2018年高考真题)‎ Passage 1（2018·新课标卷I）‎ Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.‎ Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear!‎ Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)‎ Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the ‎ monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.‎ Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. ‎ Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.‎ Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (7 miles)‎ Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.‎ ‎21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?‎ A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.‎ B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.‎ C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.‎ D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.‎ ‎22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?‎ A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park.‎ C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories.‎ ‎23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?‎ A. City maps. B. Cameras.‎ C. Meals. D. Safety lights.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了骑自行车到Washington, D.C.旅游的四种路线的相关行程及注意事项。‎ ‎23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour 中的All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.可知，所有骑行者都要装备反光背心和安全手电筒。故选D。‎ Passage 2（2018·新课标卷II）‎ Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices.‎ Activity Description Member of staff Cost Outdoor Adventure (OUT)‎ Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week, discover new personal qualities, and learn new skills. You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor. Learn rock climbing and work as a team, and enjoy the great outdoor environment.‎ Mr. Clemens ‎£140 ‎ WWI Battlefields ‎ and Paris ‎(WBP)‎ On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights. ‎ Mrs. Milson ‎£425‎ Crafty Foxes Four days of product design centred around textiles. Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushions and Mrs. Goode ‎£30‎ ‎(CRF)‎ ‎ decorations...Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles.‎ Potty about Potter ‎(POT)‎ Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to buy picnic, stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel in Streatley-on -Thames, guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations, picnic lunch outside Oxford’s Christchurch, boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks, before heading back to Exeter.‎ Miss Drake ‎£150‎ ‎21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?‎ A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT.‎ ‎22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson?‎ A. Travel to London.‎ B. See a parade and fireworks.‎ C. Tour central Paris.‎ D. Visit the WWI battlefields.‎ ‎23. How long does Potty about Potter last?‎ A. Two days. B. Four days.‎ C. Five days. D. One week.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。文中讲述了家长和孩子一起挑选可以参加的活动。文中分别对这些活动的名称，活动内容，活动特色和活动组织工作人员还有活动的价格进行了详细的描述。‎ ‎23.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的信息Potty about Potter last我们从最后一种活动来寻找答案。关键信息overnight意为“一夜的逗留”。故这个活动是持续两天。故选A。‎ Passage 3（2018·新课标卷III）‎ Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens Visitor Information How to Get to Holker By Car: Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-1 hour 30 minutes.‎ By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.‎ Opening Times Sunday-Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm, 30th March-2nd November.‎ Admission Charges Hall & Gardens Gardens Adults: £12.00 £8.00‎ Groups: £9.00 £5.50‎ Special Events Producers’ Market 13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.‎ Holker Garden Festival 30th May ‎ The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.‎ National Garden Day 28th August Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.‎ Winter Market 8th November This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.‎ ‎21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?‎ A.20 minutes. B.25 minutes. C.45 minutes. D.90 minutes.‎ ‎22.How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Gardens?‎ A.£l2.00. B. £9.00. C. £8.00. D. £5.50.‎ ‎23.Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show? ‎ A. Producers’ Market. B. Holker Garden Festival.‎ C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market.‎ ‎【文章大意】文章为旅游指南。文章主要介绍了去Holker Hall& Garden 旅游的相关信息，如：出行方式，开放时间，旅行费用以及主要活动等。‎ Passage 4（2018·天津卷）‎ Fire Prevention Information The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置) systems, fire alarms, and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.‎ Fire Alarms The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的) fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄) these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.‎ Fire Drills A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:‎ ‎·Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.‎ ‎·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit; do not use a lift.‎ ‎·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.‎ Fire Extinguishers Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.‎ Smoke Detectors A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:‎ ‎●If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking(闪动), contact residence hall staff immediately.‎ ‎●Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.‎ ‎●If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.‎ ‎36. What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?‎ A. To provide part-time jobs for students.‎ B. To lead the students to the nearest exits.‎ C. To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.‎ D. To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.‎ ‎37. What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?‎ A. Pipes and smoke detectors.‎ B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.‎ C. Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.‎ D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.‎ ‎38. In a fire drill, the students should ___________.‎ A. rush quickly to a lift B. gather at the nearest exit C. shut the door and leave at once D. wait for instructions in the hall ‎39. What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?‎ A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.‎ B. Irresponsible use of them can damage them.‎ C. Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.‎ D. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.‎ ‎40. To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should_________.‎ A. contact the hall staff regularly B. cover the things that burn easily C. start the smoke detector in a fire D. make certain the red light is working ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从火警、消防训练、灭火器和烟雾探测器的使用等方面介绍了一些防火信息。‎ ‎38.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Fire Drills中的句子Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.和Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.可知，在消防演习中，学生锁好门并立即从最近的紧急出口离开。故选C。‎ ‎39.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Fire Extinguishers中的句子Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.可知，误用灭火器会导致罚款。故选A。‎ ‎40.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Smoke Detector中的句子If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动），contact residence hall staff immediately.可知，烟雾探测器是否安全运行，看红灯是否闪动。故选D。‎ 题组二(2017年高考真题)‎ Passage 1（2017·新课标卷I）‎ Pacific Science Center Guide ‎◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.‎ ‎◆Hungry?‎ ‎ Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack ‎ options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes.‎ ‎◆Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongs during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.‎ ‎◆Support Pacific Science Center ‎ Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.‎ ‎21. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?‎ A. In Building 1. B. In Building 3.‎ C. At the Laser Dome. D. At the Denny Way entrance.‎ ‎22. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?‎ A. Train science teachers.‎ B. Distribute science books.‎ C. Inspire scientific research.‎ D. Take science to the classroom.‎ ‎23. What is the purpose of the last part of the text?‎ A. To encourage donations.‎ B. To advertise coming events.‎ C. To introduce special exhibits.‎ D. To tell about the Center’s history.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文主要从购物点、就餐点、租借服务三方面介绍了Pacific Science Center，并展示了Pacific Science Center为人们做的贡献，呼吁人们的支持。‎ ‎23.A 【解析】目的意图题。根据文章最后一段中的Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.可知作者呼吁读者支持Pacific Science Center，也就是鼓励人们为之提供帮助、做贡献。故选A。‎ Passage 2（2017·新课标卷II）‎ In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare’s plays in their own language, in our globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. please come and join us.‎ National Theatre Of China Beijing|Chinese This great occasion(盛会) will be the national Theatre of China’s first visit to the UK. The company’s productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.‎ Date &Time: Saturday 28 April,2.30pm&Sunday 29 April,1.30pm&6.30pm Marjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi |Georgian ‎ One of the most famous theatres in Georgia, the Marjanishvili, founded in 1928,appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed（指导）by the company’s Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.‎ Date & Time : Friday 18May,2.30pm&Saturday 19May,7.30pm Deafinitely Theatre London | British Sign Language （BSL）‎ By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.‎ Date&Time: Tueaday 22 May,2.30pm&Wednesday 23 May,7.30pm Habima National Theatre Tel Aviv| Hebrew The Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide, Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, ‎ the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s,Since 1958,they have been recognized as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.‎ Date &Time: Monday 28May,7.30&Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm ‎21.which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?‎ A. Richard Ⅲ. B. Lover’s Labour’s Lost.‎ C.As You Like It. D. The merchant of Venice.‎ ‎22.What is special about Deafinnitely Theatre?‎ A. It has two groups of actors. B. It is the leading theatre in London.‎ C. It performs plays in BSL. D. It is good at producing comedies.‎ ‎23.When can you see a play in Hebrew?‎ A. On Saturday 28Apil. B. On Sunday 29 April.‎ C. On Tuesday 22 May. D. On Tuesday 29 May.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了莎士比亚的戏剧被翻译成几个国家的语言，并将在这些国家的大剧院上映的有关情况。‎ ‎23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Date Date&Time:Monday 28May,7.30&Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm”可知，可以在5月29日，星期二这一天，在希伯来观看戏剧。故选D。‎ Passage 3（2017·新课标卷III）‎ San Francisco‎ Fire Engine ‎Tours San Francisco‎ Winery Tour Running: February 1st through April 30th This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in tickets price)‎ Departing from the Cannery: Tour times upon request.‎ Duration(时长): 2 hours Price: $90‎ Back to the Fifties Tour Running: August 16th through August 31st This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s! Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.‎ Departing from the Cannery: 5:00 pm and 7:00 pm ‎ Duration: 2 hours Price: $90‎ Spooky Halloween Tour Running: October 10th through October 31st ‎ Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district. Authentic fire gear(服装) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco. ‎ Departing from the Cannery: 6:30 pm and 8:30 pm ‎ Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes ‎ Price: Available upon request Holiday‎ Lights Tour ‎ Running: December 6th through December 23nd ‎ This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francis’s most cheerful holiday scenes. Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.‎ Departing from the Cannery: 7:00 pm and 9:00 pm Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes Advance reservations required.‎ ‎21. Which of the tours is available in March?‎ A. San Francisco Winery Tour.‎ B. Back to the Fifties Tour.‎ C. Spooky Hallowen Tour.‎ D. Holiday Lights Tour.‎ ‎22. What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tours?‎ A. Go to Treasure Island.‎ B. Enjoy the holiday scenes.‎ C. Have free ice cream.‎ D. Visit the Presidio district.‎ ‎23. What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour?‎ A. Take some drinks.‎ B. Set off early in the morning.‎ C. Wear warm clothes.‎ D. Make reservations in advance.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国旧金山的四个旅游活动和路线。‎ Passage 4（2017·北京卷）‎ Inspiring young minds!‎ ‎ TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of children’s publishing, bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.‎ What’s inside?‎ ‎ Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to make — the magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life.‎ What is so special about TOKNOW magazine? ‎ ‎ Well, it has no ads or promotions inside— ‎ instead it is jam-packed with serious ideas. ‎ TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and ‎ accessible to children, who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy（哲学）—and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine.‎ Sounds too good to be true?‎ ‎ Take a look online—evidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends.‎ Happy Birthday All Year!‎ ‎ What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month? The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day.‎ SUBSCRIBE NOW ‎□Annual Subscription ‎ Europe £55 Rest of World £65‎ ‎□Annual Subscription with Gift Pack ‎ Includes a Mammoth Map, a Passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription ‎ Europe £60 Rest of World £70‎ Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.‎ ‎59. Why is TOKNOW a special magazine?‎ A. It entertains young parents.‎ B. It provides serious advertisements.‎ C. It publishes popular science fictions.‎ D. It combines fun with complex concepts.‎ ‎60. What does TOKNOW offer its readers?‎ A. Online courses.‎ B. Articles on new topics.‎ C. Lectures on a balanced life.‎ D. Reports on scientific discoveries.‎ ‎61. How much should you pay if you make a 12-mouth subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China?‎ A. £55. B. £60. ‎ C. £65. D. £70.‎ ‎62. Subscribers of TOKNOW would get .‎ A. free birthday presents B. full refund within 28 days C. membership of the TOKNOW club D. chances to meet the experts in person ‎【文章大意】文章介绍了一本杂志TOKNOW Magazine。‎ ‎61.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据Annual Subscription with Gift Pack所在部Includes a Mammoth Map, a passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription Europe £60 Rest of World £70，中国属于Rest of World，故答案为D。‎ ‎62.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一句话Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.可知订阅可在28天内取消，且全额退款，故答案为B。‎ 题组三(2016年高考真题)‎ Passage 2 (2016·新课标全国卷III，A)‎ ‎ Music Opera at Music Hall：1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September. The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone: 241–2742. http://www.cityopera.com.‎ Chamber Orchestra: The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which offers several concerts from March through June. Call 723–1182 for more information. http://www.chamberorch.com.‎ Symphony Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. For ticket sales, call 381–3300. Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall and in summer at Riverbend. http://www.symphony.org/home.asp.‎ College Conservatory of Music (CCM): Performances are on the main campus(校园) of the university, usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater. CCM organizes a variety of events, including performances by the well-known Lasalle Quartet, CCM’s Philharmonic Orchestra, and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music. Students with I.D. cards can attend the events for free. A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556–4183. http://www.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar.‎ Riverbend Music Theater: 6295 Kellogg Ave. Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover (price difference). Big name shows all summer long! Phone:232–6220. http:///www.riverbendmusic.com.‎ ‎21. Which number should you call if you want to see an opera?‎ ‎ A. 241–2742. B. 723–1182.‎ ‎ C. 381–3300. D. 232–6220.‎ ‎22. When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra?‎ ‎ A. February. B. May.‎ C. August. D. November. ‎ ‎23. Where can student go for free performances with their I.D. cards?‎ A. Music Hall.‎ B. Memorial Hall.‎ C. Patricia Cobbett Theater.‎ D. Riverbend Music Theater.‎ ‎24. How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places?‎ A. It has seats in the open air.‎ B. It gives shows all year round.‎ ‎ C. It offers membership discounts.‎ D. It presents famous musical works.‎ ‎【文章大意】文章是一篇广告类短文。共介绍了五个与音乐有关的活动，包括举办的地点，举办时间，活动内容和联系方式等。‎ ‎24. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据Riverbend Music Theater定位到最后一个活动，根据＂Large outdoor theater with the closest seats＂可知，Riverbend Music Theater是一个露天剧院，不同的座位，其价格也是不同的，由此可知，Riverbend Music Theater的座位是在室外的；根据＂all summer long＂排除B；C项和D项在最后一个活动中没被提到。故选A。‎ Passage 2(2016•江苏，A)‎ Day School Program Secondary students across Toronto District School Board(TDSB) are invited to take one or two e-Learning courses on their day school timetable. Students will remain on the roll at their day school.‎ The on-line classroom provides an innovative, relevant and interactive learning environment. The courses and on-line classroom are provided by the Ministry of Education.‎ These on-line courses:‎ ‎ are taught by TDSB secondary school teachers;‎ ‎ are part of the TDSB student’s timetable; and,‎ ‎ appear on the student’s report upon completion.‎ Benefits of e-Learning Include:‎ ‎ access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school; ‎ ‎ using technology to provide students with current information: and,‎ ‎ assistance to solve timetable conflicts.‎ Is e-Learning for You?‎ Students who are successful in an on-line course are usually:‎ ‎ able to plan, organize time and complete assignments and activities; ‎ ‎ capable of working independently in a responsible and honest manner; and,‎ ‎ able to regularly use a computer or mobile device with internet access.‎ Students need to spend at least as much time with their on-line course work as they would in a face-to-face classroom course.‎ ‎56. E-Learning courses are different from other TDSB courses in that _________.‎ A. they are given by best TDSB teachers B. they are not on the day school timetable C. they are not included on students’ reports D. they are an addition to TDSB courses ‎57. What do students need to do before completing e-Learning courses?‎ A. To learn information technology on-line.‎ B. To do their assignments independently.‎ C. To update their mobile devices regularly.‎ D. To talk face to face with their teachers.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文介绍了TDSB学校中给学生提供的网络学习课程，介绍了这一课程的内容、益处以及要求。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 在做广告类文章阅读时，我们可以使用题干定向法和排除法解题。‎ 一、题干定向法：如果题干的问题与原文中的相应句段基本相同，则可直接对号入座；如果题干的问题与原文中的相应句段有较大出入，则要进行一定的处理，这个＂处理＂是多方面的，它可能包括对原文进行同义变换、对概念进行解析、对事实进行归纳、将具体问题抽象化或将抽象问题具体化、将文中提到的原则或规则进行实际运用等等。 ‎ 以第56题为例，根据题干内容，定位于Benefits of e-Learning部分access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school可知e-Learning中的一些课程是TDSB课程的一些有益的补充。‎ 二、排除法：一般说来，那些与文意明显不符或与文章内容不相关的选项比较容易排除， 但有些选项与文章内容相符，却与题干问题不吻合，即属答非所问的情形，也应作为错误项予以排除。尤其是那些从文章中摘录的句子，要特别小心，它们很有可能是干扰项。除了验证其是否能回答所提问题外，还要看其是否回答了问题的主要方面， 也就是说看该项是不是最佳答案，如果它只能回答所提问题的一个侧面或还有比它更合适的选项，都要毫不犹豫地将其排除。 ‎ Passage 3(2016•新课标全国卷I，A)‎ You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?‎ Jane Addams(1860—1935)‎ Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and ‎ services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.‎ Rachel Carson(1907—1964)‎ If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.‎ Sandra Day O’Connor(1930—present)‎ When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, he could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.‎ Rosa Parks(1913—2005)‎ On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. ＂The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,＂ said Parks.‎ ‎21. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?‎ A. Her social work.‎ B. Her teaching skills.‎ C. Her efforts to win a prize.‎ D. Her community background.‎ ‎22. What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?‎ A. Her lack of proper training in law.‎ B. Her little work experience in court.‎ C. The discrimination against women.‎ D. The poor financial conditions.‎ ‎23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?‎ A. Jane Addams.‎ B. Rachel Carson.‎ C. Sandra Day O’Connor.‎ D. Rosa Parks.‎ ‎24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?‎ A. They are highly educated.‎ B. They are truly creative.‎ C. They are pioneers.‎ D. They are peace-lovers.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几位著名的女性，她们在各自的领域作出了非凡的贡献。‎ ‎【技巧点拨 】细节理解题的解题思路：可以先从问题中抓住关键性词语(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。‎ Passage 4 (2016•新课标全国卷II，A)‎ What’s On?‎ Electric Underground ‎7.30pm–1.00am Free at the Cyclops Theatre Do you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so， come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music.‎ Gee Whizz ‎8.30pm–10.30pm Comedy at Kaleidoscope Come and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐).‎ Simon’s Workshop ‎5.00pm–7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.‎ Charlotte Stone ‎8.00pm–11.00pm Pizza World Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.‎ ‎21. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?‎ ‎ A. Jules Skye. B. Gee Whizz.‎ C. Charlotte Stone. D. James Pickering.‎ ‎22. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?‎ A. The Cyclops Theatre. B. Kaleidoscope.‎ C. Victoria Stage. D. Pizza World.‎ ‎23. What do we know about Simon’s Workshop?‎ ‎ A. It requires membership status.‎ B. It lasts three hours each time. ‎ C. It is run by a comedy club.‎ D. It is held every Wednesday ‎24. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?‎ ‎ A. 5.00pm–7.30pm. B. 7.30pm–1.00am. ‎ C. 8.00pm–11.00pm. D. 8.30pm–10.30pm.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文属于广告类阅读，分别介绍了四则广告Electric Underground、Gee Whizz、Simon’s Workshop、Charlotte Stone的具体内容及细节信息。整篇文章难度较小。‎ ‎21.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一则广告最后一句He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music可知Jules Skye可以教你如何制作音乐。那么如果你想做你自己的音乐，你就可以去找他。故A正确。‎ Passage1（2019届江西省吉安市高三上学期五校联考）‎ We would like to wish all our readers a wonderful winter break. Our January magazine is now in the shops and available digitally. We’re looking forward to sharing more adventures and discoveries with you in 2018,including:‎ At a crossroads in the Atlantic As the population of Ascension Island rises up to mark the 200th anniversary of British rule, Fred Pearce wonders what the future might have in store for this strange part of land.‎ Photostory: On the road again A selection of images from an exhibition opening this month at the Royal Geographical Society go hand in hand with M. Aurel Stein’s early 20th century photographs of the Silk Road.‎ Dossier: Going underground Mark Rowe discusses the role that carbon storage can play in the global effort to reduce carbon dioxide emission (排放).‎ Net loss Kit Gillet reports from the Gulf of Thailand, whose fisheries (渔场) have been almost destroyed by the commercialization of the Thai fishing industry.‎ And don’t forget...‎ ‎...a round-up of the latest geographical and climate science news; a hot spot focus on Turkey; advice on taking photographs in Antarctica; an interview with Lucien Castaing-Taylor, professor of visual arts at Harvard; plus lots, lots more...‎ Buy your copy now, click here and save up to 35% or call+44 (0)1635 588 496.Geographical is also available in ‎ WHSmith and many independent news agents.‎ ‎1.If you want to read something about global warming, you can read .‎ A. Dossier: Going underground B. Photostory: On the road again C. At a crossroads in the Atlantic D. Net loss ‎2.Which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ A. Ascension Island has a bright future with more population.‎ B. Commercialization contributes to the loss of fishery in Thai.‎ C. The January edition of 2014 is to come out in the winter break.‎ D. The topics of this magazine focus on geography and interviews.‎ ‎3.The passage is written to _____ .‎ A. attract readers to buy the magazine B. give advice on taking photos C. share adventures and discoveries D. introduce the content of the magazine ‎【文章大意】这是一则杂志的广告，介绍今年冬天的杂志的最新的内容，包括文章的细节，作者和吸引人之处，目的是引起读者购买的欲望。‎ ‎1.A 【解析】细节理解题。从文章Going underground下面的句子：Mark Rowe discusses the role that carbon storage can play in the global effort to reduce carbon dioxide emission (排放).可知，如果想读关于全球气温变暖的事情，可以读Dossier: Going underground ，故选A。‎ ‎2.B 【解析】细节理解题。从文章的句子：Kit Gillet reports from the Gulf of Thailand, whose fisheries (渔场) have been almost destroyed by the commercialization of the Thai fishing industry.可知商业化导致泰国的渔业受损，故选B。‎ ‎3.A 【解析】写作意图题。从这个广告的第一段的内容：We would like to wish all our readers a wonderful winter break. Our January magazine is now in the shops and available digitally.这篇文章是想吸引读者买杂志的，故选A。‎ Passage2（2019届山东省潍坊市五市区高三联考）‎ For kids and a fair share of adults, a San Diego vacation means theme parks and other attractions. Before heading to a park, check online; many parks have seasonal or holiday hours.‎ San Diego Wild Animal Park In the summer, a lion exhibit will open and allow guests to walk through the animals’ habitat. Only glass will be between man and beasts. The Wild Animal Park’s new Dino Mountain, featuring 20 lifelike dinosaurs, will run through Sept. 6.‎ Details: general admission tickets are $26.50 for adults and children aged 12 and older. $19.50 for children aged 3-11, free for children 2 and younger. A discounted ticket for $23.85 is available to seniors 60 and older, www.sandiegozoo.org.‎ San Diego Zoo The zoo has a new panda, Mei Sheng. There’s not much in the way of new attractions, but Nighttime Zoo, a program popular with families, starts June 26.‎ Details: General admission is $21 for adults, $14 for children aged 3-11, free for children 2 and younger. www.legoland. com Sea world San Diego A 6-minute ride called Journey to Atlantis, which is to open in late May, tells the legend of the mythical island nation. People who step onto the ride’s eight-passenger Greek fishing boats will experience simulated earthquakes, etc. After that, riders can visit a new exhibit of dolphins, which have not been on display at the park since 2008.‎ Details: General admission is $46.95 for adults, $37.95 for children aged 3-9, free for children 2 and younger. www.seaworld.com.‎ Old Town Trolley Tours Visiting relatives or friends in San Diego? They can get a hometown pass and ride for free with you paid admission. One gift per paid adult guest.‎ Details: The main ticket booth is in Old Town. Hours are 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., daily $25. www.Historictours.com.‎ ‎1.Which of the following websites offers a discount to the old?‎ A.www.sandiegozoo.org. B.www.legoland.com C.www.seaworld.com. D.www.Historictours.com.‎ ‎2.How much will the admission be if a five-year-old child visits San Diego Zoo with his parents?‎ A.$21 B.$35 C.$42 D.$56.‎ ‎3.Where can we see the performance of dolphins?‎ A. San Diego Wild Animal Park B. San Diego Zoo C. Sea world San Diego D. Old Town Trolley Tours ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了圣地亚哥的几个公园。‎ ‎3.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段的After that, riders can visit a new exhibit of dolphins, which have not been on display at the park since 2008.可知，在Sea world San Diego可以看到海豚的表演。故选C。‎ Passage3（2018届河南省豫西南部分示范性高中高三第一学期联考 ）‎ Oliver and the Seawigs by Philip Reeve Published by OUP Press ISBN: 978-0-192-73455-6‎ Oliver grew up in a family of explorers—but his biggest adventure is about to begin! Along with his new friends, Oliver goes off to look for his missing parents.‎ I really like this book because it’s not one of those short stories that are over too quickly, but a longish book that takes time to read. I recommend this book and give it 5 stars.‎ Ginny, age 8‎ Lady Lydia: Read Me a Story by Anne Lavis Published by A H Stockwell ISBN: 978-0-722-34327-2‎ Lady Lydia is old and eccentric (古怪的), but she is never lonely. She shares her home with bats and mice and spiders, and all the animals round about are her friends too.‎ My lovely daughter Alice likes all the pictures of the animals in this book, but she doesn’t like it when the pages have lots of writing on with no pictures. Alice rates this book 2 out of 5.‎ Alice, age 4‎ I Am a Woolly Hat (EARLY READER)‎ by Salma Koraytem Published by Orion Books ISBN: 978-1-444-00844-9‎ Early Readers are stepping stones from picture books to reading books. A blue Early Reader is perfect for sharing and reading together.‎ This book makes my sweetheart Lucie feel lovely inside and the drawing are not as good because the colors are not bright like other books. Lucie rates this book 3 out of 5.‎ Lucie, age 4‎ A Royal Fairytale by Ink Robin Published by Egmont ISBN: 978-1-405-26843-1‎ See Kate and Will’s romance develop from their studying days at Edinburgh through to their happy wedding at Buckingham Palace with the royal family, even the queen, in tow.‎ My little angel Amy likes the book. The best parts are the wedding and fireworks as she likes fireworks and the colors on the page are really bright. Amy rates it 4 out of 5.‎ Amy, age 4‎ ‎1.Which book might an animal lover prefer?‎ A. A Royal Fairytale.‎ B. Oliver and the Seawigs.‎ C. Lady Lydia: Read Me a Story.‎ D. I Am a Woolly Hat (EARLY READER).‎ ‎2.Who likes bright colors?‎ A. Ginny and Alice. B. Lucie and Amy.‎ C. Ginny and Amy. D. Alice and Lucie.‎ ‎3.Whose book shows romance and happiness?‎ A. Philip Reeve. B. Anne Lavis.‎ C. Salma Koraytem. D. Ink Robin.‎ ‎【文章大意】这篇文章为读者推荐了一些书。‎ ‎3.D 【解析】细节理解题。由See Kate and Will’s romance develop from their studying days at Edinburgh through to their happy wedding at Buckingham Palace with the royal family, even the queen, in tow.可知Ink Robin的书表现了快乐和浪漫，选D。‎ Passage4（2018届山东省德州市高三上学期期中考试）‎ Travel-worthy Destinations in Best Films ARRIVAL Bozeman, Montana, U. S.‎ The year’s best thriller, Arrival follows a professor to a military camp in Montana, where she works to translate the language coming from alien visitors. The film, set in the wide landscape of Montana, connects the vastness of the universe with the natural beauty of Bozeman. Travel to Bozeman, and you’re bound to feel its quietness. In this town, the wildlife of the Bridger Mountains lives alongside the constant inflow of Montana State University students. With all its breathtaking landscape, Bozeman is the perfect place to do some soul-searching.‎ FENCES Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U. S.‎ Fences tells of an African-American father supporting his family during the Civil Rights movement of the 1950s. The film was shot in Pittsburgh, known for its blue collar history. Today it has grown into a center of progress and culture. It is home to the world’s first green convention center. On top of its environmental development, the city has worked to keep its diverse cultural heritage. Visitors can discover Pittsburgh’s history at the Heinz History Center and taste the Mediterranean food at Cure.‎ MOONLIGHT Miami, Florida, U.S.‎ A masterpiece of self-discovery, Moonlight follows an African-American boy in Miami who is trying to find his place in the world. Much of the film is set in a low-income neighborhood north of downtown, but visitors to Miami will likely see a different side of the lively city. Modern art museums and restaurants fill the inner corridors, while Miami Beach is filled with music and ocean lovers. There’s something for everyone in Miami, so enjoy the party.‎ ‎4.What makes Bozeman a travel-worthy destination?‎ A. The story of the movie Arrival. B. The peaceful landscape it has.‎ C. Mantana State University. D. Alien visitors.‎ ‎1.Pittsburgh is known for according to Paragraph 2.‎ A. its diverse culture B. African-American families C. the Civil Rights movement D. beautiful scenery ‎2.In the movie Moonlight, audiences will see a side of Miami.‎ A. modern B. poor C. hi-tech D. luxury ‎3.The author wrote the passage with the intention of .‎ A. writing a film review B. introducing some famous films C. describing how the movies were shot D. recommending travelling destinations ‎【文章大意】本文主要向读者介绍了几个最佳影片拍摄的旅游目的地。‎ ‎3.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三部分Much of the film is set in a low-income neighborhood north of downtown, but visitors to Miami will likely see a different side of the lively city.可知这部电影的大部分都是在市中心北部的一个低收入社区拍摄的，因此在电影中可以看到迈阿密贫穷的一面，故选B。‎ ‎7.D 【解析】主旨大意题。这篇文章作者主要是向读者介绍了几个最佳影片的拍摄旅游目的地。故选D。‎ Passage 1‎ OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS Antlia Pneumatica In a new play by Anne Washburn, directed by Ken Rus Schmoll, a group of estranged friends gather at a Texas farm house to bury one of their peers. (Peter Jay Sharp, 416 W. 42nd St. 212-279-4200. In previews.)‎ Bright Star Steve Martin and Edie Brickell wrote this bluegrass-and-Americana musical, in which a magazine editor meets a soldier returning from the Second World War. Walter Bobbie directs. (Cort, 138 W. 48th St. 212-239-6200. In previews.)‎ The Crucible Ivo van Hove directs Arthur Miller’s classic drama about the Salem witch trials, starring Saoirse Ronan, Ben Whishaw, Ciaran Hinds, and Sophie Okonedo. (Walter Kerr, 219 W. 48th St. 212-239-6200. In previews.)‎ Dry Powder John Krasinski, Claire Danes, and Hank Azaria star in Sarah Burgess’s play, in which an executive at a private-equity firm (私人股本公司) tries to rebound from a P.R. disaster. Thomas Kail directs. (Public, 425 Lafayette St. 212-967-7555. In previews. Opens Oct. 28, 2017)‎ The Father Frank Langella stars in a play by the French writer Florian Zeller, translated by Christopher Hampton and directed by Doug Hughes for Manhattan Theatre Club, about an eighty-year-old man who is losing his grip on his own life story. (Samuel J. Friedman, 261 W. 47th St. 212-239-6200. Previews begin Oct. 28, 2017)‎ ‎1.If you’re interested in American music, where can you get entertained?‎ A. Peter Jay Sharp, 416 W. 42nd St. B. Cort, 138 W. 48th St.‎ C. Walter Kerr, 219 W. 48th St. D. Public, 425 Lafayette St.‎ ‎2.If you want to preview a play now, which of the following is not available?‎ A. Bright Star B. The Crucible ‎ C. Dry Powder D. The Father ‎3.The author’s purpose of writing the passage is to ________ .‎ A. inform B. entertain ‎ C. persuade D. describe ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要是向读者介绍四部影片。‎ Passage 2‎ Dear Parents:‎ I’m delighted that you are considering the British International School for your children’s education. Our school offers first class international education delivered by experienced, highly qualified and professional staff.‎ We aim to provide a high quality British-style education characterized by:‎ The arrangement of the English National Curriculum to meet the needs of international and local students and offering an insight into the local culture.‎ High quality teaching provided by international and local staff.‎ A broad personal development of students that encourages independence, confidence, tolerance, good manners and respect.‎ A recognition of the school-parent partnership in the successful education of the children.‎ An acknowledge that all students are individuals who deserve an environment to help realize their academic and other potential, thereby preparing them for their chosen continued education and career.‎ A safe, caring, happy and stimulating environment benefiting from high quality facilities.‎ Our school provides an effective framework for education through a broad, balanced, and monitored curriculum. As students advance through the school, we ensure that their needs are met through progressive teaching and learning. Although our curriculum is based upon the National Curriculum for England, it is adapted as appropriate, to ensure suitability for our diverse student body. Thus, we strive for the development of transferable skills through the years of school, as well as the acquisition of a broad body of knowledge.‎ Students are given opportunities to develop many skills. These include skills in language, in science, technology and mathematics, in the aesthetic(审美的) and creative fields of music, drama and art, and in physical education.‎ We insist that students act in a responsible manner toward all members of society. Throughout the school, students are taught to distinguish between right and wrong and show consideration for others. The qualities of honesty,‎ ‎ kindness and good manners are always encouraged. Our friendly atmosphere provides a secure and happy environment in which children can grow and flourish as Individuals and valued members of the school family.‎ ‎1.What do you think the author is?‎ A.A school principal B. An exchange student.‎ C. An assistant professor D. An experienced lecturer.‎ ‎2.Why does the school change its curriculum when necessary?‎ A. To develop some good students’ skills.‎ B. To meet the needs of different students.‎ C. To offer an insight into the local culture.‎ D. To help students realize their potential.‎ ‎3.Which of the following about the students is NOT mentioned in the passage?‎ A. Manners B. Self-discipline ‎ C. Qualities. D. Independence.‎ ‎4.What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A. The author thinks schools and parents play an important role in teaching.‎ B. The author is stressing that responsibility is the most important thing for a student.‎ C. The author is encouraging more parents to send their children to this school.‎ D. The author implies students become valued people without a friendly atmosphere.‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇英国国际儿童教育学校的招生广告，介绍了这所学校的教育目标、课程设置、教学理念等信息。‎ ‎1.A 【解析】推理判断题。文章以第一人称来叙述，实际上是英国国际儿童教育学校的招生广告，所以可推测这是学校的一位领导。故选A。。‎ ‎4.C 【解析】推理判断题。这是一篇英国国际儿童教育学校的招生广告，介绍了这所学校的教育目标、课程设置、教学理念等信息；再根据“Dear Parents:”可知，其目的在于希望更多的家长把自己的孩子送来学习。故选C。‎ Passage 3‎ Suppose you want to go abroad and learn about the foreign exchange (交流) in culture in different countries. Here is some information you may need.‎ ‎1. Most of the students had their trips organized by ___________.‎ A. EF Foundation B. AFS C. Rotary International D. SCCE ‎2. The students who mention both the good and bad times as an exchange student include__________.‎ A. Susan Lane and Sara Small B. Linda Marks and David Links C. Tom Jennings and Linda Marks D. Susan Lane and Tom Jennings ‎3. Through the foreign exchange program Tom Jennings learnt to ___________.‎ A. depend on himself and fit in B. accept advice and depend on himself C. keep himself away from others D. protect himself and others ‎4. For a student without much money, the best place would be ___________.‎ A. Iceland B. France ‎ C. Germany D. Thailand ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个交换生的相关信息。‎ ‎1.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据五则信息中Organization部分的内容可知，有两个是由SCCE组织的，EF Foundation、Rotary International、AFS各组织了一个，故D项正确。‎ Passage 4‎ Make a five-minute film and win!‎ Do you love the summer holidays but hate being bored? Then why don’t you enter the Film Street Summer Shorts Competition by making a short film this summer with your family and friends?‎ What you have to do To enter the competition, you have to make a short film that around 5 minutes long(It can be shorter but not longer!) on a digital camera, or mobile phone.‎ Awards The best short film entered into our competition will be shown in Film Street’s Cinema and you’ll win a Cineworld Cinemas pass for yourself and there more for other members of your film crew. If you have a Cineworld Cinemas pass, you can watch as many films as you like for a year, for free, at any Cineworld Cinema!‎ Rules ‎.We can’t show films that tell others about either your, or any other kids’, name or address.‎ ‎.We can’t show films that hurt, harm or insult(侮辱)other people.‎ ‎.We can’t show films that have bad language.‎ Copyright Checklist Getting permission to use someone else’s work in your film can be expensive, so check your film to make sure that:‎ ‎.Your film is original and you haven’t copied someone else.‎ ‎.There are no scenes of branding on shop signs, books, magazines or CDs.‎ ‎.There are no scenes of someone else’s artwork.‎ Address and Date Post your finished film on tape, CD or DVD by Monday, October1st, 2007 to:‎ Unit 6, Third Floor, The Bond ‎180-182 Fazeley Street; Birmingham So what’s stopping you? Start making your Film Street Summer Short now!‎ ‎1. Who is the passage written for ___________.‎ A. parents B. children C. teachers D. actors ‎2. From the third paragraph, we can learn that ___________.‎ A. the winner can watch films for free for one year at any Cineworld Cinema B. the competition is held by Cineworld Cinemas C. the winner’s short film can be shown in any cinema D. the winners film will be paid for his short film ‎3. The underlined part ＂original＂ is closest in meaning to ＂___________＂.‎ A. interesting enough B. full of exciting moments C. good for children D. made by yourself ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了拍摄微电影的一些方法和特点。‎