2020届二轮复习状语从句

2020届二轮复习状语从句

‎2020届二轮复习 状语从句 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。状语从句中的从句可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。‎ 一时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有：when, as, while, until, not…until, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first) time等。时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。‎ ‎1．when , while, as都可解释为“当...的时候”但侧重点有所不同 ‎1) When后既可以接短暂性动词，也可以接延续性动词 ，表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生。When I arrived home , I had a little rest.‎ ‎2）As 除了表示“当...的时候”，还可表示为“一面...一面”，“随着” ‎ He sang as he danced.(一面...一面) ‎ You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着)‎ ‎3)While表示“当...的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时，从句动词必须是延续性动词。 ‎ While we were working, they were having a rest.‎ While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused.‎ 注意：while 有对比的含义，解释为“然而”。‎ I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee.‎ ‎2．until, not…until表示“直到...才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中常用短暂性动词 肯定句：I waited until midnight.‎ 否定句：I did not leave until midnight.‎ ‎【注意点】‎ ‎1）not until…在句首，主句用倒装 ‎ Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it.‎ ‎2) It is not until…that…引导的强调句 ‎ It was not until it was dark that he came back.‎ ‎3.Hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than, as soon as表示为“一...就...”‎ I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.‎ I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. ‎ It began to rain as soon as I got home.‎ 二条件状语从句 条件状语从句分为两大类：真实条件句（主将从现）和虚拟条件句（虚拟语气）。引导条件状语从句的连词有：if, even if/though, unless/ if …not, as long as/ so long as, as far as/so far as, provided/providing (that), on condition that ‎ 等。条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。‎ ‎1.unless 和if…not unless 相当于if…not You will fail unless you study hard. ‎ You will not fail if you study hard.‎ ‎【注意点】‎ 在虚拟条件句中可用if…not，但不能用unless If she were not too silly,she would understand.‎ ‎2.引导条件状语从句的其它连词 You may go there ,as long as you keep quite. ‎ I will go provided that you go too.‎ I shall give you the book on condition that you return it tomorrow.‎ 三让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词有：though, although, even if/ though, however, no matter how, no matter what, no matter who等。‎ ‎1．though, although不可与but连用，但可以和yet , still连用 Though/Although it is raining ,they are still running outside.‎ ‎2. “no matter+疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”‎ No matter what happened, he would not mind. ‎ Whatever happened, he would not mind.‎ ‎【注意点】‎ no matter+疑问词不能引导名词性从句 ‎3.even if/ though表示“即使”‎ He doesn’t want to marry her even if/ though he loves her very much.‎ 四原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的连词有：because, since, as , now that ,considering that, for the reason that , due to the fact that,owing to the fact that等。‎ ‎1．because ‎ because语气最强，通常用于回答why 提出的问题。‎ ‎【注意点】‎ 在it was…that…的强调结构中，强调原因状语从句可用because引导，不用since,as, for引导。It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the situation.‎ ‎2.since和as since的语气比because 弱，比as强，表示间接的，已知的原因，自然的结果，表示“既然，由于”。As/ Since you are not very well, you had better have a rest.‎ 五目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that等。‎ You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all.‎ 六结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that, so…that, such…that等 ‎ He is so young that he can not go to school. ‎ He is such a young boy that he can not go to school.‎ ‎1.常用句型：so+形容词/副词+that从句 so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句 such +a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句 ‎ such +形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句 ‎2.so和such的搭配规律 such修饰名词或名词词组，so修饰形容词或副词,so还可接many, few, much, little等。‎ 七比较状语从句 引导比较状语从句的连词有：as…as, not so…as, than, the more…the more等。‎ ‎【例如】‎ He speaks English as fluently as his brother (does) ‎ I can’t jump so /as high as he (does)‎ There are more workers in this factory than in the one next to it . ‎ The more you read, the more interesting , you will find the novel is . ‎ 八地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词有:where, wherever以及 where构成的复合词等。 ‎ She found her calculator where she lost it. Wherever I am, I will miss you.‎ ‎【注意点】‎ I happened to see your dictionary lie where I used it last time.（地点状语从句）‎ I happened to see your dictionary lie in the lab where I used it last time.（定语从句）‎ 九方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的连接词有as, just as, as if / though（一般用虚拟语气，也有用直陈语气的）等。‎ Just do as you are told. ‎ The workers went on working as if nothing had happened. ‎ He talked to the girl as though he had fallen in love with her. ‎ 在just as ..., so...结构中，as 带有比喻含义。意为“正如”，多用于正式文体。‎ Just as some people like sports, so some people like music.‎