2020届二轮专题辅导与测试：专题6书面表达第一部分专题六课件

2020届二轮专题辅导与测试：专题6书面表达第一部分专题六课件

第一部分 高考专题突破 专题六　书面表达 A (2019· 全国卷 Ⅱ ) 假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友 Chris 球队近期将参加比赛， 内容包括： 1 ．比赛信息； 2. 赛前准备； 3. 表达期待。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 ．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 感悟高考 ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ [ 参考范文 ] Dear Chris ， I ’ m writing to let you know that we will have a volleyball match next month. The match will take place in our school gym on the morning of July 8th. We will play against a team from Lingnan High School. For good performance in the match, we must get fully prepared and practice hard. So starting tomorrow, we all need to train for two hours after school every day. In addition, we should avoid getting hurt during the training and have a healthy diet to keep fit. You ’ re an excellent player. With you on the team, we have every hope of beating Lingnan. Let ’ s try hard together! Cheers ， Li Hua B (2018· 全国卷 Ⅰ ) 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友 Terry 将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1 ．到达时间； 2. 合适的礼物； 3. 餐桌礼仪。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 ．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ [ 参考范文 ] Dear Terry, How are you doing these days? I hear you’ve been invited to dinner at your Chinese friend’s house. Here is some advice for you. I strongly advise you to arrive 5 minutes earlier. You may take a gift with you, but it doesn’t have to be something of great value. It makes sense to take some fruit. Now you ’ d better practice using chopsticks or tell your friend you need a knife and fork. As for where you should sit at the table ， just listen to your friend. And don ’ t be surprised if you are repeatedly asked to eat more, as it is considered good table manners in China. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 考情感悟 [ 考题分布 ] 试卷 年份 写作类型 信息提示 体裁 话题 题材内容 词数要求 全国 卷 Ⅰ 2019 提纲类 半开放 汉语提示 申请信 社会生活 中国画展志愿者 100 字左右 2018 提纲类 半开放 汉语提示 电子邮件 社会生活 询问风俗习惯 100 字左右 2017 提纲类 半开放 汉语提示 电子邮件 语言学习 学习计划安排 100 字左右 全国 卷 Ⅱ 2019 提纲类 半开放 汉语提示 电子邮件 学校生活 球队比赛 计划 100 字左右 2018 提纲类 半开放 汉语提示 通知 学校生活 欢迎观看一部英文短片 100 字左右 2017 提纲类 半开放 汉语提示 邀请信 艺术 邀请参观剪纸艺术展 100 字左右 全国 卷 Ⅲ 2019 提纲类 半开放 汉语提示 邀请信 学校生活 邀请参加艺术节 100 字左右 2018 提纲类 半开放 汉语提示 询问信 体育 询问体育运动情况 100 字左右 2017 提纲类 半开放 汉语提示 邀请信 学校生活 邀请留学生朋友加入校乒乓球队 100 字左右 [ 命题分析 ] 1 ．选题特点：近年来，书面表达的考查越来越贴近中学生的日常生活，更加重视语言的应用，回归了英语作为语言功能的本质。因此，在备考时，要集中看一些与日常生活和学习息息相关的话题，如学校生活、体育运动、语言学习、节假日及活动等，并密切关注社会时事，按照话题网络化复习，效果会更佳。 2 ．命题形式：较为稳定。提纲类写作成为主流，提示内容较为简洁。 技法点拨 技法一　 “ 四定 ” 审题与 “ 三段 ” 谋篇  高考示例 (2019 · 全国卷 Ⅲ ) 假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友 Allen 参加，内容包括： 1 ．时间； 2 ．活动安排； 3 ．欢迎他表演节目。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 ．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 技法指导 一、 “ 四定 ” 审题 1 ． 定文体：本文是书信体，一种常见的邀请信； 2 ．定人称：给朋友写信，以第一和第二人称为主； 3 ．定时态：本文以将来时态和一般现在时态为主； 4 ．定要点：本文的要点主要有 ① 写信的目的； ② 活动的时间和地点； ③ 欢迎朋友表演节目； ④ 适当增加细节。 二、 “ 三段 ” 谋篇 1 ． 第一段 —— 点题：表明写信的原因：我们的学校将要举办一次音乐节，现邀请你参加。 ① Our school will hold a music festival. As an organizer, I ’ m writing to invite you to join us. 2 ．第二段 —— 主体段落展开 (1) 活动的时间和地点 ② Our school will hold a music festival next Saturday morning in the school hall to enrich students’ afterschool life. The opening ceremony will start at 9 ： 00 a ． m.. (2) 欢迎朋友表演节目等 ③ You are particularly welcome to show up on stage, which will definitely add color and fun to our festival. (3) 适当增加细节 ④ The schoolmaster will deliver a speech. Following the speech is a one hour lecture with the title of “ A Brief History of Chinese Music ” by Professor Guo, after which there will be various fantastic performances played by talented students. 3 ．第三段 —— 结束语 ⑤ Looking forward to your early reply. 三、整理成文 Dear Allen ， How is everything going? Our school will hold a music festival next Saturday morning in the school hall to enrich students’ afterschool life. As an organizer, I ’ m writing to invite you to join us. The opening ceremony will start at 9 ： 00 a ． m., and the schoolmaster will deliver a speech. Following the speech is a one hour lecture with the title of “ A Brief History of Chinese Music ” by Professor Guo, after which there will be various fantastic performances played by talented students. You are particularly welcome to show up on stage, which will definitely add color and fun to our festival. Looking forward to your early reply. Best wishes ， Li Hua 技法二　 “ 五大 ” 技巧 “ 三种 ” 策略润色习作 [ “ 五大 ” 写作技巧 ] __________________ 技巧一　列举具体的实例进行补充说明 1 ．此外，你最好带一些小礼物。 Besides ， you ’ d better bring some little gifts. → Besides ， you ’ d better bring some little gifts ， such as a special food or drink from your country. 2 ．我想大体上介绍一下中国的传统文化。 I ’ d like to talk briefly about Chinese traditional culture. → I ’ d like to talk briefly about Chinese traditional culture ， especially Chinese painting. 3 ．我要花一些时间和父母在一起。 I ’ ll spend some time staying with my parents. → I ’ ll spend some time staying with my parents ， chatting with them and doing some housework. 4 ．我想找一个像我一样喜欢旅行的笔友。 I ’ d like to seek a pen pal who is interested in traveling just like me.   → I ’ d like to seek a pen pal who is interested in traveling just like me.If possible ， we can travel together or share traveling experiences. 5 ．我是一个充满活力的健康男孩，我非常喜欢体育运动。 I am a healthy boy full of energy so I like sports very much. → I am a healthy boy full of energy so I like sports very much ， especially outdoor activities.Whenever I have time ， I ’ ll go hiking or mountain climbing with my classmates. 6 ．现在，我想与你分享春节的一些传统风俗习惯。 Now ， I ’ d like to share with you some traditional customs of the Spring Festival. → Now ， I ’ d like to share with you some traditional customs of the Spring Festival ， the most important festival in China. [ 题组过关 1]—— 根据括号内提示完成句子 1 ． The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life. ______________________________________________( 我们不仅能阅读国内外的新闻 ) ， but also get information ， send emails and attend on line schools. 2 ． Laura is a standard American style. __________________________________( 她说一口完美的美式英语 ) ， and that ’ s why I am crazy about her. We can not only read news from home and abroad She speaks perfect American English 3 ． However ， it seems people are unaware of the negative effects of mobile phones on communication. ___________ ________________________________________________________________ ( 比如，很多人越来越不重视面对面的交流 ) ． 4 ． However ， every coin has two sides ， so does the Internet.____________________________________ _______________________________( 比如，沉溺于网络也许会影响我们的学习和工作 ) ． For example ， Many people begin to pay less attention to face to face communication For example ， being lost in the Internet _may affect our study and work 技巧二　增添与所写信息相关的神态、动作、结果、心理描写以及背景渲染等内容 1 ．当我们爬山时所有人都捡垃圾。 All of us picked up the rubbish as we climbed up. → All of us picked up the rubbish as we climbed up ， helping to beautify the scenery.( 结果描写 ) 2 ．我有时去村西的小河游泳。 I went swimming in the river of the west of the village now and then. → I went swimming in the river of the west of the village now and then.The water in the river is very clear.( 背景渲染 ) → Weather permitting ， I went swimming in the river of the west of the village now and then.( 相关背景 ) 3 ．旅行了一周后，他回到了家。 After a week ’ s trip ， he returned home. → After a week ’ s trip ， he returned home ， tired but very happy.( 心理描写 ) [ 题组过关 2]—— 根据括号内提示完成句子 1 ． _______________________________ ________________( 考虑到这项活动很有意义 ) ， we intend to design a uniform suited to our own class. 2 ． I ’ ll try my best to make your uncle happy here. ______________________________________________( 我热切地期盼着他来我们城市参观 ) ． Considering the activity is of great value/is meaningful I am eagerly looking forward to his visit to our city 3 ． At that moment ， I became the focus of the whole class and ___________________________________( 充满了自豪和自信 ) ． 4 ． Finally ， I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life ， ________________________________ ( 这一定很有趣 ) ． 5 ． ___________________________________ _________________________________________( 从你的信中得知你已被剑桥大学录取 ) ， I ’ m more than glad to write to offer my warmest congratulations. was full of great pride and confidence which must be very interesting Knowing you have been admitted to the University of Cambridge from your letter 技巧三　增加相关信息的时间、地点等内容 1 ．作为一个传统，中国学生总是向老师表达感激之情。 Chinese students always like to express gratitude to their teachers as a tradition. → With Teacher’s Day approaching ， Chinese students always like to express gratitude to their teachers as a tradition.( 增加时间 ) 2 ．我要和父母一起去超市购物。 I ’ m going to do some shopping with my parents in the supermarket. → I ’ m going to do some shopping with my parents in the supermarket and won’t be back until about 5 ： 00 in the afternoon.( 增加时间 ) 3 ．我已经带来了你让我归还的两本书。 I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return. → I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library.( 增加地点 ) [ 题组过关 3]—— 根据括号内提示完成句子 1 ． ______________________ ( 几分钟过去了 ) but the whole class was in complete silence. 2 ． The Chinese Silk Road ， _____________________________________________________________________ ( 起源于今天的西安，最后到达 …… 的东海岸 ) the Mediterranean ， is well known to the world. Several minutes passed which starts from today ’ s Xi ’ an and finally finis hes at the east coast of 3 ． I was attracted by the beauty of the city _______________________________________( 一 …… 就 …… ) I arrived here at 6 o’clock in the morning by plane. 4 ． I ’ d like to invite you to attend our class meeting next week _________________________( 如果你有空 ) ． the moment/immediately/as soon as/directly if you are available 技巧四　适当增加与所给信息相关的原因、条件、让步、手段、目的等内容 1 ．不久我将成为成年人。 It won ’ t be long before I become an adult. → It won ’ t be long before I become an adult ， so I feel very excited as well as a bit nervous. 2 ．我们城市将在下个月 15 ～ 30 号举办丝绸之路国际艺术节 (Silk Road International Arts Festival) 。 The Silk Road International Arts Festival will be held in our city from 15th to 30th next month. → Aimed to promote international cultural exchange and cooperation among countries along the Silk Road ， the Silk Road International Arts Festival will be held in our city from 15th to 30th next month.( 分词作状语 ) 3 ．假设你是李华，你的英国笔友 Henry 最近来信询问你高考后的暑假安排。请根据下面要点写一封回信，说明你的计划，并简述理由。 ① 休息；读书； ② 参加社会活动。 ① I need a good rest.I’ll do some reading. → I need a good rest because I do feel tired after the hard work of all these years.Of course ， I ’ ll do some reading for fun ， and for knowledge as well.( 因果关系 ) ② I ’ ll take part in some social activities. → If I have free time ， I ’ ll take part in some social activities.( 条件状语 ) → If possible ， I ’ ll take part in some social activities.( 条件状语 ) → If possible ， I ’ ll take part in some social activities so that/in order that I can know more about the society.( 目的状语 ) 4 ． Tracy 来电话说和你在咖啡屋 (Bolton Coffee) 的见面取消。 Tracy called ， saying that she couldn ’ t meet you at Bolton Coffee. → Tracy called ， saying that she couldn ’ t meet you at Bolton Coffee as she has something important to do.( 原因状语 ) 5 ．我也帮助邻里的孩子补习英语。 I also helped children in the neighborhood with their English lessons. → I also helped children in the neighborhood with their English lessons.To my joy ， they made rapid progress and their parents thought highly of me.( 增添结果 ) [ 题组过关 4]—— 根据括号内提示完成句子 1 ． We were happy and returned home ___________________________________________( 我们捡完所有的垃圾之后 ) ． 2 ． I often join in many activities ______________________________________________________________ ( 来和其他同学交流开拓我的视野 ) ． after we had finished collecting all the rubbish in order to communicate with other students and broaden my eyes 3 ． __________________________ ( 众所周知 ) ， Earth Hour is an activity which aims at saving energy. 4. ____________________________________________ ________( 为了帮助人们了解更多的中国传统文化 ) ， our school is intended to hold a series of activities. As is known to all of us To help people learn more about Chinese traditional culture 技巧五　结尾适当发挥 ， 写出个人感受、评价、希望、倡议等 1 ． Although I was very tired this summer holiday ， I felt very happy for what I did.( 个人感受 ) 2 ． I think such activities are necessary and meaningful.( 评价 ) 3 ． We hold the firm belief that the visitors will know more about Chinese traditional culture and at the same time enjoy the beauty of it.( 希望 ) 4 ． As a student ， it ’ s our duty to protect our school environment and make it clean.( 倡议 ) [ 题组过关 5]—— 根据括号内提示完成句子 1 ． _______________________________ ( 作为一个专业的篮球运动员 ) ， he is one of China ’ s best known athletes. 2 ． I think Beijing _________________________( 非常值得再次参观 ) ． 3 ． In my view ， __________________________ ___________________( 不管互联网多么吸引人 ) ， it shouldn ’ t separate us from our loved ones. As a professional basketball player is well worth a second visit no matter how attractive the Internet is 4 ． ___________________________________________ ( 通过这个实验我们得出一个结论 ) ： the temperature doesn’t change when ice is melting into water. 5 ． Let ’ s develop good habits of saving energy in our daily life and_______________________________ _____________ ( 尽力为我们的环境做出更多贡献 ) ． We drew a conclusion through the experiment try to make more contributions to our environment Ⅰ . 按要求对下列句子进行扩充 1 ． 我上课认真听讲。 ( 增加目的状语从句 ) ____________________________________________ ______________________________________________2 ．一年一度的 “ 校园书市 ” (the campus book fair) 目的是提供一个平台。 ( 增加定语从句 ) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I listen to the teachers carefully in the class so that I can understand what the teachers say. The annual campus book fair aims to provide a platform where students can have a chance to exchange and make use of their books. 3 ．我经常参加体育锻炼。 ( 增加目的状语；举例说明 ) ________________________________________ _____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 4 ．我经常去图书馆阅读。 ( 增加原因状语和时间状语从句 ) __________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ In order to streng then my body ， I often take part in different kinds of exercises with my classmates ， such as playing football ， going swimming and playing badminton. Interested in reading books ， I often go to the library to do some reading when I am free. Ⅱ . 请为下面的短文适当增加细节 Dear Sam ， The college entrance examination lasts for two days.The examinees are tested on Chinese ， math ， the science and arts.We are stressed during the examination and the questions are difficult and complex. [ 参考范文 ] Dear _ Sam ， Thank you for your concern.Now I ’ ll tell you something about the once a year college entrance examination. There is no doubt that the examination is very important.It lasts for two days from June 7th to 8th. The examinees are tested on Chinese and math on the first day.The science ， arts and English are tested on the second day.We are physically and mentally stressed during the examination and the questions are difficult and complex.But we are full of confidence because we are well prepared.We all believe that the fruits of our efforts will be sweet. [ “ 三种 ” 润色策略 ] __________________  策略 1 　精准选词 ， 妙笔生花 一、选用高级词汇 “ 四原则 ” 1 ． 具体性原则 在具备一定词汇量的条件下，具体的表达比泛泛而谈的内容更能引起阅卷人的共鸣。例如：当描述一个具体事物或人时，类似 a nice/good man 的表达让人感觉很空洞，我们可以用有个性的、具体的词描绘一个人，如 kindhearted( 好心的 ) ； generous( 慷慨的；大方的 ) ； easygoing( 随和的 ) 等。再如： It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a good atmosphere. → It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere. 2 ． 新颖性原则 写作时恰当得体地使用高中学过的、别人可能想不到的词汇，会给阅卷人耳目一新的感觉。 In the coming three years ， our school life will be difficult. → In the coming three years ， our school life will be challenging. 3 ． 短语优先原则 多使用词组、习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采。 I want to tell you something about my plan for the summer vacation and I ’ d like you to help me. → I want to tell you something about my plan for the summer vacation and I ’ d like you to do me a favor. 4 ． 避免重复原则 尽量避免过多地使用某一个单词，必要时选择使用其他恰当的同义词或词组来代替。 Any student who is interested is welcome to participate ... If you want to participate ， you can send your photos to intlphotosho w @ gmschool . com . → Any student who is interested is welcome to participate ... If you want to join ， you can send your photos to intlphotosho w @ gmschool . com . 二、高级词汇积累 45 例 1 ． 另外 besides → in addition/what’s more 2 ．总之 in a word → to sum up/in conclusion/in summary 3 ．但是 but → however 4 ．机会 chance → opportunity 5 ．选择 choice → alternative 6 ．考虑 consider → take into account/consideration 7 ．最终 finally → eventually 8 ．勤奋的 hardworking → diligent 9 ．分发 hand out → distribute 10 ．后果 result → consequence 11 ．应该 should → be supposed to 12 ．决定 decide → make up one’s mind 13 ．理解 understand → make sense of/figure out 14 ．可用的 usable → available 15 ．使用 use → employ/make use of 16 ．艰难的 difficult → painstaking 17 ．改正，修改 correct → polish 18 ．不同的 different → various 19 ．想要 want → intend 20 ．做，从事 do → take up 21 ．获得 get → gain 22 ．记住 remember → keep in mind 23 ．种类繁多 all kinds of → a wide range of 24 ．和 and → as well as 25 ．反对 be against → object to 26 ．厌烦 be bored with → be fed up with 27 ．忙于 be busy in/with → be occupied in/with 28 ．发生 happen → occur/come about 29 ．提高 improve → promote 30 ．重要 important → vital 31 ．立即 immediately → in a flash 32 ．参加 join → participate 33 ．巨大 large → enormous 34 ．有意义 meaningful → rewarding 35 ．许多 many → a large quantity of 36 ．明显 obvious → apparent 37 ．合适 proper → appropriate 38 ．丰富 rich → abundant 39 ．与 …… 不同 be different from → differ/vary from 40 ．渴望做 …… be eager to do → be dying to do/long to do 41 ．因为 because of → on account of 42 ．闻名 be famous for → have a reputation for 43 ．越来越多 more and more → an increasing number of 44 ．感到舒心 feel comfortable → feel at ease 45 ．成功做某事 succeed in doing sth. → make it [ 题组过关 1]—— 升级文中加黑词汇 Dear editor ， With the development of economy ， more and more (1._________________________)Chinese people are making a trip at home and abroad ， which makes us not only enjoy more beautiful scenery but also learn more about the culture and the customs of the places we visit.Unfortunately ， some of us shout loudly ， litter or spit in public ， which has harmed(2.____________) the good reputation of us Chinese. an increasing number of done harm to In my opinion ， when going on trips ， we should behave ourselves and obey the culture and customs there.Besides (3.___________) ， the environment should (4.______________) be protected.In this way ， we will win respect for ourselves and (5._____________) our country.Finally (6.____________) ， we should always remember (7.________________) that it is everyone’s responsibility to uphold the image of our motherland. Yours sincerely ， Li Hua In addition is supposed to as well as Eventually keep in mind  策略 2 　句式丰富 ， 表述地道 写作文时应多运用一些高级句式和复合句，并注意句式的灵活多变，让文章读起来抑扬顿挫，让考生深厚的语言功底得以体现，让作文跨上五档线！ 一、利用复合句式 ， 提升文章档次 复合句包括定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句 ( 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句 ) 。 1 ． 增加亮点的定语从句 定语从句的应用可以非常有效地提升表达档次，在写作中如果我们可以把两个简单句合并为一个含有定语从句的复合句，或者把并列句改为含有定语从句的复合句，这些都能为文章增加亮点。 ① The film is mainly related to the development of our school.It will greatly help us students know the school’s history better and appeal to us to make contributions to our school’s development. → The film is mainly related to the development of our school ， which will greatly help us students know the school’s history better and appeal to us to make contributions to our school’s development. ② We will go to the Spring Mountain and there we can have a climb. → We will go to the Spring Mountain ， where we can have a climb. (2017· 浙江卷 6 月应用文写作 ) 2 ． 吸引眼球的状语从句 在英语写作中，状语从句是经常用到的句型，它的灵活运用能使作文更具吸引力。 ① If you have any opinion about the film ， please send emails to studentunion @126. com . ② We can set out early so that we will have more time to read and select books. ③ When it comes to the season I like best ， spring will always occur to me in no time. 3 ． 提升档次的名词性从句 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，是写作中常见的高级表达方式。 ① I do believe that I am very qualified for this voluntary work ， because I have a good command of spoken English.( 宾语从句 ) ② It is known that we can benefit a lot from playing PingPong.( 主语从句 ) ③ That ’ s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice.( 表语从句 ) 二、利用句式变化 ， 增加得分亮点 ( 一 ) 常用 7 大句式 ， 考场驾轻就熟 写作中，如果考生能够使用如强调句型、倒装句型等特殊句式，不仅能彰显考生的英语水平，还能提升写作档次。 1 ． 强调句型 It is through this voluntary work that it will enable me to learn English better and meanwhile to broaden my horizons. 2 ． 倒装句 ① At no time should you let phone games absorb you again and disappoint your parents. ② Not only is it a practical technique for writing Chinese characters ， but it ’ s a unique art form to purify our souls as well. 3 ． 省略句 ① As (it is) scheduled ， we participated in several instructive activities. ② While taking this line ， we can enjoy the beautiful scenery as well as the new looks of the villages and towns along the way. 4 ． 虚拟语气 ① I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further. ② Also ， it’s time that I took it into consideration what I will take up in the future. 5 ． with 复合结构 ① With prices going up so fast ， we can ’ t afford luxuries. ② In the picture ， we can see a boy in worn clothes ， sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. 6 ． 并列句型 ① To be honest ， voters sometimes feel annoyed ， not because they hate voting ， but because they are divided between emotion and fairness. ② Visiting this exhibition ， we will not only enjoy the folk art works ， but also learn a lot. 7 ． it 句型 ① I think it great fun to learn the poems written in the Tang Dynasty with you.(it 作形式宾语 ) ② Everyone in our society should help those in need ， but it is more important to be sincere and earnest.(it 作形式主语 ) ( 二 ) 言简意明的非谓语动词 恰当地运用非谓语动词，不仅句型多样、句子活泼，而且读起来结构紧凑、言简意明。 1 ． Located behind the library ， the newly built stadium looks really beautiful. 2 ． Hearing that you are recruiting some volunteers to welcome the coming foreign students ， I am gladly writing to apply for this job. 3 ． To get admitted ， I have made good preparations beforehand ， trying to know as much as I could about my city. 4 ． Secondly ， I have a good command of English ， enabling me to communicate with others freely. [ 题组过关 2] Ⅰ . 句型转换 1 ． For another reason ， different cultures and traditions from the past lead to many foreigners’ living and working there with gladness.( 变强调句型 ) → For _ another _ reason ， it _ is _ different _ cultures _ and _ traditions _ from _ the _ past _ that _ lead _ to _ many _ foreigners ’ _ living _ and _ working _ there _ with _ gladness. 2 ． You can expect to receive only when you learn to give.( 变为倒装句 ) → Only _ when _ you _ learn _ to _ give _ can _ you _ expect _ to _ receive. 3 ． When we are faced with difficulties ， we need friends to give us comfort and help.( 变为含有非谓语动词的简单句 ) → Faced _ with _ difficulties ， we _ need _ friends _ to _ give _ us _ comfort _ and _ help. 4 ． It ’ s time for us to take measures to protect endangered animals.( 用虚拟语气改写句子 ) → It ’ s _ time _ we _ should _ take _ measures _ to _ protect _ endangered _ animals. Ⅱ . 合并句子 1 ． Our school is located in a northern city of China.In our school ， you can taste many kinds of delicious food.It is well famous for its snacks.( 用定语从句和原因状语从句合并句子 ) → Our _ school _ is _ located _ in _ a _ northern _ city _ of _ China ， where _ you _ can _ taste _ many _ kinds _ of _ delicious _ food ， because _ it _ is _ well _ famous _ for _ its _ snacks. 2 ． He said a lot at the meeting.His words were very attractive.( 用名词性从句合并句子 ) → What he said at the meeting was very attractive. 3 ． We should speak more English.We think it is very important.( 用 it 作形式宾语改写句子 ) → We _ think _ it _ very _ important _ to _ speak _ more _ English.  策略 3 　衔接过渡 ， 巧妙运用 衔接与过渡词语的运用是语言连贯性得以实现的重要途径。在句与句之间，段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接性语言是非常必要的。考生应掌握的连接性词语如下： 起 —— 创造良好开端 表示 “ 起 ” 的词汇常用在段落或文章的开头，用于开篇引出扩展句。常见的词汇有： first, firstly, first of all, at first, in the first place, above all, to begin/start with, today, now, nowadays, at present, recently, generally speaking, according to 等。 First, I think everyone needs friends and is eager to get friendship. First of all, I ’ d like to know when the class will start and how many students there will be in a class. Nowadays/Recently, people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic. To begin/start with, smoking should be banned in public areas. Generally speaking, the more you practise, the more skillfully you can write in English. 承 —— 顺势承上启下 表示 “ 承 ” 的词汇常用于承接主题句或第一个扩展句。常见的词汇有： second/secondly, also, besides, in addition, soon afterwards, after that, what’s more, furthermore, moreover, what ’ s worse, still less, to make matters worse, worse still, for example, in other words, especially, particularly, obviously, meanwhile, at the same time 等。 Besides ， it is big enough to hold all the teachers and students in our school. What’s more ， the stadium opens from 9 a ． m. to 5 p ． m. Monday to Friday. In addition ， there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot. As far as I’m concerned ， every summer I stay at my uncle ’ s house in the country for three weeks and enjoy a wonderful life there. Meanwhile/At the same time ， I will regard it as my duty to keep our environment clean and healthy. 转 —— 巧妙转折过渡 表示 “ 转 ” 的词汇常用来表示不同或相反的意见或情况。常见的词汇有： but, yet, however, while, otherwise, or (else), on the contrary, on the other hand, contrary to, in any case, though, although, as, even if/though, despite, in spite of, regardless of 等。 On the other hand, online shopping also has many disadvantages. On the contrary, the volunteers always claim that they are tired of the life on earth. However, a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried out. But now, because my left foot was injured, I cannot go with you as planned. 合 —— 完美结束全文 表示 “ 合 ” 的词汇常用于小结段落中上文的内容，引导最后一个扩展句或引导结尾句表示段落的结束。常见的词汇有： finally, last but not least, in short, in brief, in conclusion, in a/one word, to sum up, all in all, on the whole, in general 等。 All in all, traveling is the best choice to recharge our selves and get ready for the new challenges. On the whole, I find a bike more enjoyable than a motorcycle. In a word, success is important, and so is failure, because it ’ s the mother of success. To sum up, environmental protection is of great importance, which can make us live more comfortably and healthily. [ 题组过关 3]—— 选择适当的过渡词或短语填空 in my opinion ， worst of all ， on the one hand ， on the other hand ， however Recently many schools have taken tough measures to forbid students to bring their mobile phones to school.1._________ ， some students break this rule and some even play with their mobile phones in class. However The disadvantages of students bringing mobile phones to school are obvious.2.__________________ ， mobile phones can distract students ’ attention.3.___________________ ， some students may get access to some unhealthy websites ， which are bad for their development.4.____________ ， some students are likely to compare the brands of their mobile phones with their classmates ’． 5 ． ________________ ， I strongly support banning mobile phones in schools.Only in this way can we devote more energies to our study and achieve our goals. On the one hand On the other hand Worst of all In my opinion Ⅰ . 请用高级词汇替换下列句子中加黑部分 1 ． As high school students ， we should be neatly dressed when at school.________________ 2 ． The teacher directed the gifted students towards the more difficult courses.__________ 3 ． We ’ ll try our best to improve the traditional friendship between us.__________ are supposed to painstaking promote 4 ． He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up._______________________ 5 ． When you are bored with the people sometimes ， you ’ d better find a quiet place ， listening to some classical music.________________ made up his mind fed up with Ⅱ . 句式升级 1 ． I ’ ve always longed for the days.I will be able to be independent then.( 用定语从句合并句子 ) → I ’ ve _ always _ longed _ for _ the _ days _ when _ I _ will _ be _ able _ to _ be _ independent. 2 ． This is my decision.All of us are to start at 6 o ’ clock tomorrow morning.( 用表语从句合并句子 ) → My _ decision _ is _ that _ all _ of _ us _ are _ to _ start _ at _ 6 _ o ’ clock _ tomorrow _ morning. 3 ． We all know that our friends will lend us a helping hand when we need help. ( 用 as 引导的非限制性定语从句改写句子 ) → As _ we _ all _ know ， our _ friends _ will _ lend _ us _ a _ helping _ hand _ when _ we _ need _ help. ( 用主语从句改写句子 ) → What _ we _ all _ know _ is _ that _ our _ friends _ will _ lend _ us _ a _ helping _ hand _ when _ we _ need _ help. Ⅲ . 升级加黑的衔接词并添加衔接词 Dear Jack ， I ’ m sorry to hear that you are too addicted to making friends online.Now (1.___________________) ， many teenagers like making friends online. (2.___________________________)( 结果 ) ， they often neglect the friendship in real life.This has aroused social concern and I think it ’ s unreasonable. Nowadays/At present As a result/As a consequence As we all know/As is known to all ， net friends aren ’ t always worth trusting.Firstly (3._______________________________________) ， they often talk with us in the name of a good person ， but the truth is quite the contrary.Secondly (4.________________________) ， making friends online will cost us much time and money ， causing us not to focus our attention on study.Lastly (5._____________________) ， we get along with our real friends more often than net friends.They can study and play together with us. To begin with/To start with/For a start In addition/What’s more Last but not least (6.__________________________)( 最重要的是 ) ， they always give us a hand when we are in trouble. (7.___________________________________________)( 总之 ) ， making friends online isn ’ t a good idea.So please come back to reality. Yours ， Li Hua The most important of all In a word/In conclusion/In summary/To sum up 题型一　申请信 【 结构 】 题型解读 【 实例 】 (2019· 全国卷 Ⅰ ) 假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括： 1 ．写信目的； 2 ．个人优势； 3 ．能做的事情。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 ．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3 ．结束语已为你写好。 [ 借鉴 ] Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese Painting Exhibition which will be held in your art gallery. I think I am qualified for this job, because I have learned Chinese painting since childhood. Equally important, I am fluent in both Chinese and English, so I have no difficulty in communicating with others. If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around the gallery and answer their questions about the painting after some proper training. I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity.I ’ m looking forward to your reply. Yours ， Li Hua 【 练习 】 (2019· 河北衡水中学模拟 ) 假如你是李华，现在是一名高中学生，你在当地一份报纸上看到 ABC 公司招聘暑期兼职人员的广告。对此你很有兴趣。请按下列提纲写一封申请信： 1 ．对工作的渴求； 2 ．自身条件： 2001 年出生，明年高中毕业； 3 ．技能和经历：懂电脑技术，英语口语水平较高，善于交际； 4 ．联系方式：电话 136****9700 ，邮箱 136****9700@163. com 。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 ．开头和结尾部分已写好，不计入总词数； 3 ．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 4 ．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。 Dear Sir/Madam ， ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ Yours truly ， Li Hua One possible version ： Dear _ Sir/Madam ， I am writing to you to show my keen interest in the parttime job during the summer vacation in your company which you recently advertised in the local newspaper. I strongly believe I meet the qualification listed in your advertisement. I was born in June, 2001 and I am going to graduate from high school next year. I’m good at communicating with others and have the ability to use the computer. Besides, I can speak English fluently and I won the oral English contest last year. I believe I am quite qualified for the position. I ’ m available for an interview anytime at your convenience. You can contact me at 136****9700 or email at 136****9700@163. com for further information. Thanks for your favorable consideration. Looking forward to hearing from you. Yours _ truly ， Li _ Hua 题型二　邀请信 【 结构 】 【 实例 】 (2017· 全国卷 Ⅲ ) 假定你是李华。你所在的校乒乓球队正在招收新队员。请给你的留学生朋友 Eric 写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括： 1 ．球队活动； 2 ．报名方式及截止日期。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 ．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [ 借鉴 ] Dear Eric ， How ’ s everything going ？ The tabletennis team of our school is admitting new players. I ’ m sure it will appeal to you ， for you have been enthusiastic about sports. Therefore ， I ’ d like to invite you to join the team.Here ’ s the information in detail. The team will hold a range of activities ， including some training and matches.And some world famous players will be invited to give lessons.If you are interested in it ， you may either send an email to 123456@ sina . com or sign up in person.The deadline is June 25th ， 2019.I sincerely hope you could join us.Don ’ t hesitate to ask me if you have any question. I ’ m looking forward to your early reply. Yours ， Li Hua 【 练习 】 (2019· 济南 5 月调研 ) 假设你是李华，你的外教 Mr. Smith 对中国文化很感兴趣。最近有一个京剧演出，请你给他写一封电子邮件邀他同去。内容包括： 1 ．简单介绍京剧； 2 ．告知演出时间和地点； 3 ．发出邀请。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 ．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 参考词汇：国粹 the quintessence of Chinese culture ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ [ 参考范文 ] Dear Mr. Smith ， I ’ m Li Hua, Chairman of the Student Union of Xin Hua Middle School. I ’ m writing to invite you to watch a Beijing opera performance, which will be held at 6 p ． m. in Room 102 on the first floor of No.3 building on May 7th this Saturday. Beijing opera is the quintessence of Chinese culture with a long history. The opera is centered in Beijing, with various types of faces referring to different characters. As far as I know, there will be some popular selections performed during this weekend ’ s performance, and some famous actors will present a visual feast for the audience. So I sincerely invite you to come with me to watch this program and it can give you some interesting things to appreciate and I’m sure it will be a wonderful experience for you.   I have the confidence that you will have a good time here. Looking forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely ， Li Hua 题型三　介绍信 【 结构 】 【 实例 】 (2018· 全国卷 Ⅲ) 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter 来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括： 1 ．学校的体育场馆； 2 ．主要的运动项目； 3 ．你喜欢的项目。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 ．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [ 借鉴 ] Dear Peter ， How are you doing ？ You asked me about how our school performs our PE classes in your last letter ， so I ’ m writing to share some details with you. Equipped with two playgrounds as well as a splendid stadium ， our school offers us an opportunity to do a variety of sports. Not only do we take volleyball and basketball courses ， but our school also holds all kinds of sports competitions. Among all sports ， I ’ m crazy about volleyball. As far as I ’ m concerned ， there is nothing better than playing volleyball ， which contributes to us cooperating with others. Looking forward to hearing from you again! Yours ， Li Hua 【 练习 】 (2019· 山西省高三名校联考 ) 假如你是李华，你的加拿大笔友 Dave 想了解中国的传统节日 “ 春节 ” ，请你回复他的电子邮件，介绍 “ 春节 ” 及这个节日里的主要活动。 1 ．它是中国的传统节日之一； 2 ．家人团聚； 3 ．吃饺子、放焰火、走亲访友等其他活动。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 ．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3 ．开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数。 参考词汇：春节 the Spring Festival 放焰火 set off fireworks Dear Dave ， In your last letter ， you asked me about the Spring Festival. ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ Yours sincerely ， Li Hua [ 参考范文 ] Dear _ Dave ， In _ your _ last _ letter ， you _ asked _ me _ about _ the _ Spring _ Festival . As is known to all ， it has been enjoying great popularity in our country. Usually ， no matter how far away or how busy we are ， we will try to come home for the celebration.On the eve of the Spring Festival ， all the family members get together making dumplings and having a feast. Children have great fun in setting off fireworks.Parents take their kids to pay a visit to relatives or friends.In addition to these traditional activities ， people have a new tendency to celebrate it such as travelling and sending best wishes through WeChat. Hopefully ， you will come to China to experience it.Looking forward to your early reply. Yours _ sincerely ， Li _ Hua 题型四　道歉信 【 结构 】 【 实例 】 (2016· 全国卷 Ⅲ ) 假定你是李华，与留学生朋友 Bob 约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1 ．表示歉意； 2. 说明原因； 3. 另约时间。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2 ．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [ 借鉴 ] Dear Bob ， How is everything going ？ Much to my regret ， I wouldn ’ t be able to go to the bookstore with you.I ’ m very sorry I have to pick up my best friend at the airport and it is quite out of expectation ， so I will be fully occupied then.Since this is the first time for him to visit our city ， he does have great trouble in finding his hotel.By the way ， I will appreciate it if you could rearrange the schedule.How about 9 o ’ clock this Saturday ？ If so ， I will put everything else aside to make it up to you. Once again ， I apologize for any inconvenience which was caused by me. Yours ， Li Hua 【 练习 】 (2019· 浙江杭州二中月考 ) 假如你是李明，你从朋友 Chris 处借的电子词典不幸遗失。现在，请用英文给他写封信，内容包括： 1 ．告知电子词典遗失并致歉； 2 ．描述遗失经过； 3 ．说明暂时无法赔偿及原因； 4 ．承诺一定赔偿并再次请求原谅。 注意： 词数 100 左右。 ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ [ 参考范文 ] Dear Chris ， I ’ m sorry to tell you that I ’ ve lost your new electronic dictionary.Now I’m expressing my deepest apology for my carelessness. Actually ， I put the dictionary in my schoolbag after we met in McDonald ’ s yesterday.But to my sorrow ， it was stolen on my way home.I tried to get it back but failed.How angry and guilty I felt! This morning ， I went to buy the same dictionary in some bookstores but it ’ s very expensive.However ， I promise that I ’ ll tighten my belt these days to get you a completely new one by the end of this month.Please forgive me again and accept my sincere apology. Best wishes! Yours ， Li Ming 题型五　建议信 【 结构 】 【 实例 】 (2017· 北京卷第一节 ) 你的英国朋友 Jim 所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择： “ 长江之行 ” 或者 “ 泰山之旅 ” 。 Jim 来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1 ．你建议的线路； 2 ．你的理由； 3 ．你的祝愿。 注意： 1. 词数不少于 50 ； 2 ．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim ， _________________________________________________________________ [ 借鉴 ] Dear _ Jim ， I ’ m happy to receive your letter and know you’re coming to China. Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai ， both are highly recommended.Personally ， I prefer the tour along the Yangtze ， the longest river and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization. You can learn a lot about the history of China and Chinese people.Moreover ， the scenery along the river is amazing ， with many well known sightseeing spots.So I think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice. Hope you ’ ll have a good time in China. Yours ， Li Hua 【 练习 】 (2019· 平顶山模拟 ) 假如你是李华，经常和你的英国笔友 Frank 用英文通信。最近他来信说打算买一部手机 (mobile phone) 以促进学习，想征求你的意见。请根据下列提示回信： 1 ．建议他放弃这个想法。 2 ．你的理由是： (1) 容易染上坏习惯； (2) 学习好坏的关键在于自身努力； (3) …… 注意： 1. 文章要包括以上提示要点；写出至少三条理由。 2 ．词数 100 左右； 3 ．文章的开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Frank ， Thank you for your letter. ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ Yours sincerely ， Li Hua [ 参考范文 ] Dear _ Frank ， Thank _ you _ for _ your _ letter. I ’ m more than happy to hear from you.You have asked for my advice on buying a mobile phone to help you with your study.To tell you the truth ， I ’ ve thought a lot about the matter and it would seem to me that you ’ d better not. In my opinion ， having a mobile phone doesn ’ t necessarily improve your study.For one reason ， it ’ s very easy for you to form some bad habits once you have it ， such as playing computer games ， seeing movies and so on ， which will be a waste of time.For another reason ， buying a mobile phone doesn ’ t mean you can study well. If you want to make progress ， you need to put your heart into your study and work hard.Whether you have a mobile phone or not is not the most important.In addition ， it will take a lot of money to buy a mobile phone. I hope you will think the matter over ， and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you further. Yours _ sincerely ， Li _ Hua