【英语】2018届二轮复习名词性从句在短文语法填空和短文改错中的讲与练学案(5页word版)

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【英语】2018届二轮复习名词性从句在短文语法填空和短文改错中的讲与练学案(5页word版)

‎2018届二轮复习名词性从句在短文语法填空和短文改错中的讲与练 名词性从句连接词的判定 ‎1.掌握3大常考点 ‎(1)连接副词引导的名词性从句 ‎[典例1] (2015·全国卷Ⅱ)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly __70__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ 分析:figured out后为宾语从句,空格后面的thick是一个形容词,空格处需填一连接副词修饰形容词并引导宾语从句,故填how。‎ ‎[典例2] (2014·广东高考)I didn’t understand __20__ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.‎ 分析:understand后为宾语从句,根据语境可知,不明白的应该是原因,表示“为什么”,故填why。‎ ‎(2)that引导的名词性从句 ‎[典例1] (2017·昆明市模拟)What is worth mentioning is __67__ nearly all of Hani people show respect to nature and their ancestors.‎ 分析:is后为表语从句,空格后的句子无论是结构还是意思都是完整的,空格处所填的词只起连接作用,没有任何实际意义,故填that。‎ ‎[典例2] (2017·湖北省部分重点中学联考)This should serve as a warning __64__ people should be aware of their surroundings, especially ‎ when crossing roads.‎ 分析:warning后为同位语从句,空格后的句子无论是结构还是意思都是完整的,空格处所填的词只起连接作用,没有任何实际意义,故填that。‎ ‎(3)what引导的名词性从句 ‎[典例1] (2017·青岛市模拟)By chance, the professor knew __66__ the student complained about.‎ 分析:knew后为宾语从句,所填之词引导宾语从句并在从句中作介词about的宾语,故填what。‎ ‎[典例2] (2017·湖北省七市联考)However, __62__ impressed me most was not the natural scenery but the scene of a grandma bathing a little baby in a wooden basin with the door open.‎ 分析:__62__ impressed me most为主语从句,所填词引导主语从句并在从句中作主语,故填what。‎ ‎2.明辨5大易错点 ‎(1)that与what的误用 ‎[典例1] (2017·柳州市模拟)We should make full use of time to do that should be done.‎ 分析:do后为宾语从句,引导词在从句中作主语。故that→what。‎ ‎[典例2] (2017·开封市质检)It is cheerful what the local authorities have promised them to shorten the time of obtaining it.‎ 分析:It为形式主语,cheerful后面的句子为主语从句,引导词在从句中不作任何成分也无任何意义。故what→that。‎ ‎(2)that与if/whether的误用 ‎[典例1] (2017·乐山市模拟)I’m glad to hear if you’re coming to Sichuan in August.‎ 分析:hear后为宾语从句,句意表示“我听说你要来”,而非“我听说你是否要来”。故if→that或去掉if。‎ ‎[典例2] (2017·肇庆市模拟)They told me whether these beggars were not worth showing mercy to because most of them cheated people.‎ 分析:told me后为宾语从句,他们告诉我的应该是一个事实,而不是一个疑问。故whether→that。‎ ‎(3)which与that, which与what的误用 ‎[典例1] (2017·临汾一中等联考)It’s not easy for us to accept the fact which we are going to leave our beloved school.‎ 分析:在名词性从句中that为连词,不作任何成分,而which为连接代词,需要作成分表示“哪一个”。本句中the fact后为同位语从句,后面的引导词在从句中不作任何成分。故which→that。‎ ‎[典例2] (2017·湖南师大附中模拟)When I went to the kitchen to get my breakfast, I was astonished at which I saw.‎ 分析:在名词性从句中which和what都为连接代词,但which表示“哪一个”,而what表示“……的事情”。故which→what。‎ ‎(4)if与whether的误用 ‎[典例] (2017·湖南师大附中模拟)I was in such a hurry that I paid no attention to if the milk was hot or not.‎ 分析:if和whether都可引导名词性从句意为“是否”,但if受到很多限制,例如不能位于句首,介词后的宾语从句不能用if引导,不能跟or not连用等。故if→whether。‎ ‎(5)that, what与连接副词的误用 ‎[典例1] (2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.‎ 分析:to后为宾语从句,引导词在从句中需作地点状语,表示“靠近我居住的地方”。故that→where。‎ ‎[典例2] (2017·银川九中模拟)I’m writing to tell you how is going on in our school — a basketball match to be held next month.‎ 分析:tell you后为宾语从句,从句缺少主语,应用连接代词引导。故how→what。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1.(2017·蚌埠二中模拟)It is not a secret that trees are vital to our life.‎ ‎2.(2017·成都市模拟)Children learn violence behavior from adults or from what they see on TV or on the Internet.‎ ‎3.(2017·漳州市联考)If we want to truly understand why animals are eating plastic in the ocean, we will have to think about how animals ‎ find food.‎ ‎4.(2017·长春外国语学校模拟)Sometimes parents think it right and natural that they determine what their children should do with their lives.‎ ‎5.(2017·江西省五市八校联考)Thus, after the spare tire (备胎) was fitted, I asked how much I owed him.‎ ‎6.(2017·黑吉两省六校联考)When we have no resources left, we’ll then start to take care of what we have.‎ ‎7.(2017·西宁市三校联考)But the truth is that they still have an influence on our lives today, even if we don’t realize it most of the time.‎ ‎8.(2017·铁岭市联考)It’s time to start by reading aloud to whoever might like it.‎ ‎9.(2017·豫南九校模拟)We will understand more about how_neurons (神经元) in the brain connect.‎ ‎10.(2017·焦作市模拟)However, what impressed me most is the International Spy Museum, which I visited on the third day of the trip.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1.(2017·绵阳市模拟)Now I’d like to tell you that took place in my school last Thursday.that→what ‎2.(2017·济南一中模拟)From his lesson, we came to a conclusion what it is not so difficult to learn English if we find a good way.what→that ‎3.(2017·豫南九校模拟)The reason why I admire him is because he ‎ starts every day with a smile.because→that ‎4.(2017·衡阳八中模拟)I could hardly believe my ears when the news came I was admitted into a key university.came后加that ‎5.(2017·沈阳二中模拟)There is no doubt whether it is of great help to their study and future life.whether→that ‎6.(2017·烟台市模拟)You can’t imagine how great fun we had in Qingdao.how→what ‎7.(2017·泰安市质检)The reason for this is why I would like to share my knowledge with my students and help them solve problems.why→that ‎8.(2017·深圳市模拟)True friendship will always live on no matter where far apart we are.where→how ‎9.(2017·太原市模拟)Secondly, we should show our respect for our parents and do which we can to help them.which→what ‎10.(2017·山西大学附中模拟)The only problem is that because I’m not very good at small talk with people I don’t know.去掉because
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