2021版新高考英语一轮复习Unit18Beauty同步练习北师大版

2021版新高考英语一轮复习Unit18Beauty同步练习北师大版

Unit 18 Beauty 一、语基必备知识 ‎(一)重点词汇——分类记忆 Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意 ‎1．sideways adv.　　　　　　　 向一边，向一侧 ‎2．vertical adj. 垂直的，竖的 ‎3．rainbow n. 彩虹 ‎4．woollen adj. 羊毛制的 ‎5．conscience n. 良心 ‎6．dimension n. 方面；度量 ‎7．botany n. 植物学 ‎8．symphony n. 交响乐，交响曲 ‎9．dignity n. 尊贵；庄严 ‎10．polished adj. 优雅的，精致的 ‎11．shabby adj. 低劣的；肮脏破烂的 ‎12．romantic adj. 浪漫的 ‎13．stout adj. 肥胖的 ‎14．theme n. 主题 ‎15．catalogue n. 商品目录 Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形 ‎1．superior adj. 高级的，上等的 ‎2．overweight adj. 超重的，过重的 ‎3．accompany vt. 伴随，陪同 ‎4．range n. (数、量、年龄等的)变化范围；等级；类别 ‎5．subjective adj. 主观的 ‎6．delicate adj. 精美的，雅致的 ‎7．vain adj. 自负的，炫耀的 ‎8．abrupt adj. 突然的，出其不意的 ‎9．bend v. 弯曲 ‎10．unlike prep. 不像，和……不同 ‎11．convey vt. 传达，表达 30‎ ‎12．affection n. 爱慕，钟爱 ‎13．trap vt. 诱捕，设圈套 ‎14．manner n. 方式，方法 ‎15．drawback n. 缺点，弊端 Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变 ‎1．breathless adj.令人屏息的→breath n．呼吸→breathe v．呼吸 ‎2．adore vt.敬爱，非常喜欢→adoration n．热爱；爱慕→adorable adj.可爱的 ‎3．consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的→consistency n．连贯性，一致性→consistently adv.连续地 ‎4．commitment n．责任，义务；承诺→commit vt.犯(罪或错误等)‎ ‎5．command n．& v．命令，指挥→commander n．指挥官 ‎6．accessible adj.容易理解的→access n．接近，进入，通道；(使用或见到的)机会，权利 ‎7．deliver vt.递送，传送→delivery n．送货；投递 ‎8．thrill n．兴奋；恐惧 v．使兴奋→thrilled adj.非常兴奋的→thrilling adj.令人激动的 ‎9．refresh vt.消除……的疲劳，使振作精神→refreshing adj.使人精神振作的→refreshment n．恢复精神，心旷神怡 ‎10．tendency n．倾向，趋势→tend v．有……的趋势，倾向于……‎ ‎11．disturbing adj.使人烦恼的→disturb v．妨碍，扰乱→disturbance n．扰乱，骚乱，不安 ‎12．steady adj.平稳的；稳定的→steadily adv.平稳地 ‎13．freezing adj.严寒的，冰冻的→freeze v．将……冷冻，冻僵→frozen adj.结冰的，冷冻的 ‎14．treat vt.对待→treatment n．对待；处理 ‎15．strike vt.打；打动 n．罢工；打击→striking adj.引人注目的，突出的 ‎16．evident adj.明显的，明白的→evidence n．证据，证明 ‎17．recommend vt.推荐，介绍→recommendation n．推荐，介绍 ‎1.“观点，态度”形容词荟萃 ‎①positive　　　　　　　 积极的 ‎②subjective 主观的 ‎③neutral 中立的 30‎ ‎④objective 客观的 ‎⑤negative 消极的 ‎⑥critical 批评的 ‎⑦doubtful 怀疑的 ‎2.“喜欢”词汇个个清 ‎①adore ‎ ‎②enjoy ‎③love/like ‎ ‎④prefer ‎⑤feel like ‎ ‎⑥be keen on ‎⑦be addicted to ‎3.含后缀“less”的形容词集锦 ‎①endless　　　　　　　 永无休止的 ‎②hopeless 无望的 ‎③worthless 无价值的 ‎④breathless 令人屏息的 ‎⑤careless 粗心的 ‎⑥helpless 无助的 ‎⑦homeless 无家可归的 ‎(二)重点短语——记牢用活 ‎1．die__out　　　　　　　　　 完全消失，灭绝 ‎2．compared__to/with 与……比较起来 ‎3．hang__on__a__second 等一下 ‎4．a__set__of 一套 ‎5．fall__in__love__with... 爱上……‎ ‎6．be__keen__on... 热衷于……，非常喜欢……‎ ‎7．lose__sight__of 看不见 ‎8．deal__with 对付，处理 ‎9．in__charge__of 负责，管理 ‎10．in__an__instant 立即，马上，突然 ‎11．be__trapped__in... 被困在……中 ‎12．to__be__honest 说实话 ‎13．bits__and__pieces 各种各样的零碎东西 30‎ ‎14．in__preparation__for 为……做准备 ‎15．rely__on 依靠，依赖 ‎1.“控制，掌管”家族 ‎①in control of　　　　 控制，掌管 ‎②take control of 控制，掌控 ‎③take charge of 控制，掌管 ‎④in charge of 负责，管理 ‎⑤in the charge of 由……掌管 ‎⑥under the control of 在……控制下 ‎2.sight短语集锦 ‎①at first sight　　 初次见面；乍一看 ‎②at the sight of 看到 ‎③out of sight 看不到 ‎④in/within sight 在视野内 ‎⑤come into sight 出现 ‎⑥lose sight of 看不见 ‎3.fall相关短语全扫描 ‎①fall asleep　　　　 睡着 ‎②fall ill 生病 ‎③fall apart 破碎；散架 ‎④fall behind 落后 ‎⑤fall over 摔倒 ‎⑥fall in love with... 爱上……‎ ‎(三)重点句式——背熟巧用 句型公式 教材原句 句型1：don’t think...为否定转移结构 Oh, I don’t__think that’s fair！　噢，我认为那是不公平的！‎ 句型2：倒装句：so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语 So__do__I...　我也一样……‎ 句型3：“名词＋过去分词”构成的独立主格结构 Head__bent,__in homesickness I am drowned.　低头思故乡。‎ 二、语境强化训练 30‎ Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 ‎1．The Chinese folk song conveying(传达) the feeling of sadness for the missing loved one is loved by many people living abroad.‎ ‎2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range(范围) has been poorly studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20，000－25，000 polar bears worldwide.‎ ‎3．Those who have trouble bending(弯腰) can have a rest in the room.‎ ‎4．He spoke in such a rude manner(方式) that she refused to reply.‎ ‎5．One of his major shortcomings is that he always bases his judgement on subjective(主观的) opinions.‎ ‎6．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Once his message was delivered(deliver), he allowed me to stay and watch.‎ ‎7．Education in old days was not accessible(access) to women in that country.‎ ‎8．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and recommended(recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.‎ ‎9．It was well below freezing(freeze) when we left the village that morning.‎ ‎10．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence(evident) in a medical journal, runners live three years longer that nonrunners.‎ Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．The magic of his music continued to thrill audience. All the audience were thrilled to listen to his thrilling music.(thrill)‎ ‎2．Sorry to disturb you, but I need a place where I can work without disturbance and the noise in your room is too disturbing．(disturb)‎ ‎3．It’s so freezing that you’ll freeze if you don’t put the coat on.The ground is frozen under the thin snow.(freeze)‎ ‎4．Your reply to these questions showed no real consistency．They were not consistent with what you said earlier and I’m fed up with your consistently lying.(consistent)‎ ‎5．From the look of the adoration in his eyes, I knew that he adored these adorable cookies.(adore)‎ Ⅲ.选词成篇 be keen on; compared to; in an instant; fall in love with; in preparation for; deal with 30‎ ‎1．Compared__to me, my friend Tom takes charge of a bigger company.His girlfriend 2.is__keen__on coming up with new ideas. Tom 3.fell__in__love__with her 4.in__an__instant when he came across her at a big meeting. They often 5.deal__with problems together.To my joy, they are 6.in__preparation__for their wedding at present.‎ turn up; be based on; be trapped in; to be honest; rely on; in charge of ‎7．To__be__honest,__Mary 8.is__trapped__in trouble.It is her grandparents who are 9.in__charge__of her life and study all the time.She can’t live a life which 10.is__based__on her own ability.Whenever she meets with difficulties, her parents will 11.turn__up. But recently, they fell ill. So she has to 12.rely__on herself to live and study.‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．(2017·北京卷)她认为她对心肺复苏不够了解。‎ She didn’t__think she knew CPR well enough.‎ ‎2．当我们开始与陌生人交谈的时候，我们想要感到舒服，他们也是这样。‎ When we begin conversations with new people, we want to feel comfortable, and so__do__they．‎ ‎3．作业完成之后，男孩就出去和他的朋友们踢球去了。‎ His__homework__finished,__the boy went to play football with his friends.‎ ‎ accompany　vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·浙江卷6月)For another, I have accumulated related experience by working parttime in a travel agency, accompanying(accompany) some foreign tourists.‎ ‎②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website accompanied(accompany) by the touching words.‎ ‎③While she was singing on the stage, her mother was accompanying her on the piano.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎④因为在节日时无人陪伴，这位老太太感到孤独。‎ With__nobody__accompanying__her__during__the__festival,__the old lady felt lonely.(with复合结构)‎ 30‎ ‎(1)accompany sb.＝keep sb. company 陪伴某人 accompany sb. to someplace 陪伴某人到某地 accompany sb. on＋乐器 ‎ 用某种乐器为某人伴奏 ‎(2)companion n. 同伴；伙伴 ‎[佳句背诵] We did a lot for the elderly at the nursing home, cleaning their rooms，washing clothes for them and accompanying them, which made them very happy.　在敬老院我们为老人做了许多事情，打扫房间、洗衣服、陪伴他们，这使他们非常高兴。(全国卷Ⅱ)‎ ‎ range　n．山脉；范围；行列　v．排列；变化；包括……之间的各类事物 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2017·北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.‎ ‎②a.If we aren’t within/in range of the signal, our phones can’t be used.‎ b．(天津卷)The price was beyond our range, so we declined.‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇升级 ‎③(普通表达)In addition to these traditional activities, we have many different choices such as traveling and visiting our relatives or friends. (辽宁卷)‎ ‎(高级表达)In addition to these traditional activities，we have a__wide__range__of choices such as traveling and visiting our relatives or friends.‎ ‎(1)range from...to...＝ range between...and...　　 在……范围内变动 ‎(2)a range of 一系列……‎ a wide range of 大范围的；各种各样的 ‎(3)in/within range of sth. 在某范围内 out of/beyond range of sth.‎ ‎ 在某范围外　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Dragon pattern, as a traditional decorative pattern of China, has a wide range of applications in the traditional clothing and other areas. ‎ 龙纹是中国传统的装饰纹样，在传统服饰以及其他领域中都有广泛的应用。‎ ‎ command　n．命令；(常用于军队)指挥；控制　v．命令；指挥；掌握；支配 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①a.The president commanded that all the information (should)__be__sent(send)‎ 30‎ ‎ to him right away.‎ b．The manager gave his command that measures should__be__taken(take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.‎ ‎②The boss commanded his workers not to__leave(leave) their office before six o’clock because he had an important thing to announce.‎ ‎③Mr.White was in command of that company after Mr. Smith retired. ‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级 ‎④(普通表达) I have__such__a__good__command__of__English__that(英语学得很好以至于)I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. (such...that...)‎ ‎⑤(高级表达)Such__a__good__command__of__English__do__I__have__that__I__am__elected__as__assistant__to__my__English__teacher.(倒装句)‎ ‎(1)have a good command of　 掌握，精通……‎ in command of 掌握；控制 ‎(2)command sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command that sb.(should) do sth.‎ ‎ 命令某人应该做某事　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Large football clubs benefit financially from TV income and the top players can command very large salaries.　大型足球俱乐部从电视收入中获得利润，顶尖的运动员也能得到高额的薪水。(江西卷)‎ ‎ [名师点津] 后接宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，从句的谓语动词用“(should) do”的单词有：一坚持 (insist)；二命令(order，command)；三建议(advise，suggest，recommend)；四要求(require，request, demand, desire)。‎ ‎ deliver　vt.递送，传送，传达；发表(演讲等)；接生；生(小孩)‎ ‎[一词多义]——写出下列句中deliver的含义 ‎①President Xi delivered an important report concerning China’s future at the meeting.发表演讲 ‎②He has to earn his living by delivering pure water to customers.运送 ‎③It’s a story of how Lin Qiaozhi went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family.接生 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎④Would you like to have the latest newspapers delivered(deliver) to your door?‎ ‎⑤The old man said that they hadn’t made regular deliveries(deliver) for a 30‎ ‎ week.‎ ‎⑥The scientist will fly to France to__deliver(deliver) a speech at the conference.‎ ‎(1)deliver sth.to sb.　 把某物递送/传送给某人 deliver a speech/lecture/talk ‎ 发表演讲/授课/讲话 ‎(2)delivery n. 送货；分娩　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] By the means of controlled release, I only need to deliver books to other participants, not only are books shared but it can build up a bridge connecting readers from different parts of the world as well.‎ 通过定向分享，我只需要把书送达别的参加者手里，书不但被分享，而且也建立了桥梁联系世界不同地区的读者。(重庆卷)‎ ‎ convey　vt.传达，表达；运送；传导，传播 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①They took a more reasonable approach, conveying(convey) to their children how success at school could improve their lives. ‎ ‎②The police asked the driver to__convey(convey) the passengers to the destination safely.‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇升级 ‎③(普通表达)I would like to express my sincere thanks to you for your help.‎ ‎(高级表达)I would like to convey__my__sincere__appreciation to you for your assistance．‎ convey sth.to sb. 　　 向某人表达/传达某事 convey one’s feelings/meanings ‎ 表达某人的感情/意思 ‎ convey...from A to B 把……从A地运送到B地　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] The message conveyed here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”　这里传达的信息很清楚：“事实胜于雄辩。”(江苏卷)‎ ‎ treat　vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待　n．款待；招待 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Men and women must be__treated(treat) equally in education and employment.‎ ‎②(2018·浙江卷6月)It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation 30‎ ‎ like never before.‎ ‎③(天津卷)Cathy suffered some terrible illness in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment(treat), she finally became healthy.‎ ‎[能力提升]——句式升级 ‎④(普通表达)If the patient was treated in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.‎ ‎(高级表达)Treated__in__a__proper__way，the patient was likely to be saved.(分词作状语)‎ ‎(1)treat sb.as...　　　　 把某人当……看待 treat sth.seriously 认真对待某事/某物 treat sb./oneself to... 用……款待某人/自己 ‎(2)It’s my treat. 我请客。‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Our teachers are kind to us and treat us as their friends.‎ 我们的老师对我们都很好，并且拿我们当朋友对待。‎ ‎[联想发散] “把……当……看待”的表达形式：‎ ‎①treat...as...；‎ ‎②regard/consider...as；‎ ‎③think__of...as...‎ ‎ strike　v．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；击打；突然想到(想法)；打动；(钟)敲　n．罢工 ‎[一词多义]——写出下列句中strike的词性和含义 ‎①She was practicing surfing when a shark struck. v．袭击 ‎②I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning.v.(钟)敲 ‎③(2018·浙江卷11月)I was just about to pay the taxi driver when it struck me that I had left my wallet on the airplane. v．突然想到 ‎④(福建卷)The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down. n．罢工 ‎[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级 ‎⑤(普通表达)I was__struck/stricken__by(被打动) his inspiring words, and I decided to make efforts to improve my English.‎ ‎⑥(高级表达)Struck/Stricken__by__his__inspiring__words,__I decided to make efforts to improve my English.(分词作状语)‎ 30‎ ‎(1)sth. strikes sb. 某人突然想出……‎ It strikes sb. that/to do...　 某人想到……‎ be struck by... 被……打动；迷恋……‎ strike sb.in/on＋the＋身体部位 ‎ 打某人某部位 ‎(2)be on/go on strike 在/举行罢工　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] ‎ What struck me most was the enthusiasm of the local people.　给我印象最深的是当地人的热情。‎ ‎[词块助记]‎ Strike while the iron is hot.　 趁热打铁。‎ strike a balance 两者兼顾；达到平衡 strike a deal 达成协议 ‎ recommend　v．推荐；建议 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(天津卷)It was really annoying; I couldn’t get access to the data bank you had__recommended(recommend)．‎ ‎②(2018·北京卷)I recommend applying(apply) for Peking University. ‎ ‎③a.I recommend you to__think(think) carefully before you make any decision.‎ b．I recommend that you (should)__think(think) carefully before you make any decision.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎④我想推荐李华为篮球俱乐部的领导人。‎ I would like to recommend__Li__Hua__to__be/as__the__leader of the basketball club.‎ ‎⑤人们建议所有的准备都做好以后才开始这项计划。‎ It__is__recommended__that the project should not be started until all the preparations have been made.‎ ‎(1)recommend sth.to sb./recommend sb. sth.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　 向某人推荐/介绍某物 recommend doing sth. 建议做某事 recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事 recommend that...(should) do...‎ 30‎ ‎ 建议……(应该)做……　 ‎ It is/was recommended that...(should) do... 有人建议……(应该)做……‎ ‎(2)recommendation n. 　　　 推荐；建议 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] A great many tourist spots can be found along the Yangtze River, and that’s why I recommend you the trip/recommend the trip to you.‎ 长江沿岸景点数不胜数，这就是我向你推荐这条线路的原因。(2017·北京卷)‎ ‎ die out　灭亡；逐渐消失 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①As a consequence, many species are quickly dying out．‎ ‎②When the applause had died down,__she began her speech.‎ ‎③You mentioned that you would like to teach English in return, which is exactly what I am__dying(die) for.‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级 ‎④(普通表达)As the living environment becomes worse and worse, many species are gradually disappearing.‎ ‎(高级表达)With__the__living__environment__becoming__worse__and__worse,__many species are gradually dying__out．(with的复合结构)‎ ‎(1)die away　　　　　 (声音、光线等)逐渐消失 die of/from 因……而死 die down 减弱；平息 ‎(2)be dying for 很想要；渴望 be dying to do sth. 极想干某事　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Some rare birds in the area are in danger of dying out because of human activities.‎ 这一地区的一些稀有鸟类由于人类活动正面临灭绝的危险。‎ ‎ lose one’s sight　失明 ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎①只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。‎ Only a shortsighted man will lose__sight__of__the__importance__of__education．‎ ‎②我从窗户向外看去，看见了一列急驰而过的火车。‎ I looked out of the window and caught__sight__of a train passing by very quickly.‎ ‎③听到这个消息，他走进大厅，但是一个人也没看见。‎ 30‎ Hearing the news, he walked into the big hall, but there was nobody in/within__sight．‎ lose sight of...　　　 看不见……；忽略；忘记 catch sight of... 望见/看到……‎ come into sight 出现在眼前，进入视野 at the sight of... 在看到……时 in/within sight 在视线内，可以被看见 out of sight 看不见了，不被人看见　 ‎ ‎[语段背诵]‎ When we drove around a corner, a tall mountain came into sight.At the sight of the mountain, all the children began to shout.We drove on and about twenty minutes later，the mountain was out of sight—in front of us was a big forest.‎ ‎ to be honest (with you)　坦白说；老实告诉你(通常置于句首)‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎①说实话，我不同意你在会议上说的话。‎ To__be__honest__with__you,__I don’t agree with what you have said at the meeting.‎ ‎②如果你对别人真诚，别人也会对你如此。‎ If__you__are__honest__with__others,__they will do the same to you.‎ ‎③说实话，我不喜欢黄渤主演的电影。‎ Honestly__speaking,__I don’t like the films starred by the actor Huang Bo.‎ ‎(1)be honest with sb.　 对某人说老实话，‎ ‎ 对某人坦诚 It is honest of sb.to do sth.‎ ‎ 某人做某事是诚实的。‎ ‎(2)honestly speaking 说实在的，说真的　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] To be honest, I don’t like the way he speaks to me.‎ 说实话，我不喜欢他对我说话的方式。‎ ‎ deal with　处理；安排；对付；论及；涉及；与……打交道；做买卖 ‎[一词多义]——写出下列句中deal with的含义 ‎①(2019·浙江卷6月)The principle for dealing with praise is to consider the link between praise and effort.处理 30‎ ‎②His article deals with many issues we are greatly concerned about.论及；涉及 ‎③His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.与……打交道 ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 事实上，我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。‎ ‎④As a matter of fact, I don’t know how__they__will__deal__with__the__problem．(deal with)‎ ‎⑤In fact, I’m at a loss what__they__will__do__with__the__problem．(do with)‎ ‎(1)do with sth.　　　　　 处理某事 ‎(2)make a deal 达成协议 ‎(3)a great/good deal 大量，许多 a great/good deal of＋不可数名词 ‎ 大量的……　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] We certainly do spend a great deal of our time waiting.　我们确实花费许多时间等待。‎ ‎[名师点津] (1)deal with表示“处理”时，常与连接副词how连用。‎ ‎(2)do with表示“处理”时，常与连接代词what连用。‎ ‎ 倒装句：so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语 ‎(教材P37)So do I...　我也一样……‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers.‎ ‎②They couldn’t find out the cause of the fire; neither/nor could we.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③(湖北卷)—Father, you promised!‎ ‎—Well, so__I__did(我的确如此). But it was you who didn’t keep your word first.‎ ‎④Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States. So__it__was__with__Jane/It__was__the__same__with__Jane(珍也是如此)．‎ ‎(1)“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”意为“……也一样”‎ 30‎ ‎，表示前面所述的肯定情况也适用于后者。‎ ‎(2)“neither/nor＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”，意为“……也不”，表示前面所述的否定情况也适用于后者。‎ ‎(3)“so it is with...＝it is the same with...”意为“……也一样”，表示前面出现的两种或几种情况也适合于另一个人或事。‎ ‎(4)“so＋主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词” 意为“……的确如此”，表示同意上文所述内容。　 ‎ ‎ “名词＋过去分词”构成的独立主格结构 ‎(教材P38)Head bent, in homesickness I am drowned.　低头思故乡。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①So much work to__do(do), we have no time to play.‎ ‎②The guide leading(lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.‎ ‎③The task completed(complete), we had a global traveling.‎ ‎[能力提升]——句式升级 ‎(普通表达)He was listening attentively in class, and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard.‎ ‎④(高级表达)He was listening attentively in class, his__eyes__fixed__on__the__blackboard．(独立主格结构)‎ ‎⑤(高级表达)He was listening attentively in class, with__his__eyes__fixed__on__the__blackboard．(with复合结构)‎ ‎(1)名称或代词主格＋分词 ‎(2)名称或代词主格＋不定式 ‎(3)名称或代词主格＋形容词(副词、名词、介词短语) 　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] We have three large multi－media classrooms in our school, each equipped with the newest computers.‎ 我们学校有三个大的多媒体教室，每一间都配备了最新的电脑。‎ ‎[名师点津] 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。‎ 维度一　在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 30‎ ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Authentic fire gear(服装) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling(thrill) parts of San Francisco.‎ ‎2．I was completely breathless(breathe) when I got to the top of the mountain.‎ ‎3．There is a disturbing(disturb) increase in the crime rate in that area.‎ ‎4．There is a growing tendency(tend) for people to return to the hometown to start their business.‎ ‎5．The doctors recommend that the child (should)__have(have) a balanced diet.‎ 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词 ‎1．It is obvious that what he says is not consistent with what he does.‎ ‎2．Your brand is a promise of the value you’ll deliver to your customer.‎ ‎3．When the fire reached the town, it began to die down,__because there was nothing left to burn.‎ ‎4．I backed up and went the other direction, to be honest with you.‎ ‎5．If you did come, she would treat me to an ice cream.‎ 维度三　语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)‎ ‎1．The headmaster delivered an important speech at the meeting yesterday, which left a deep impression on his students.发表 ‎2．Representing our school, I’m writing to convey my sincere appreciation to you for the lecture concerning body language you gave us last week.表达 ‎3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil－testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.建议 ‎4．In response to the appeal, I have made some changes in my way of life, which ranges from transportation to water saving.变化 ‎5．When climbing Mount Huang, all the tourists were struck by its beauty.迷恋 ‎6．(2018·江苏卷) It’s vital that new compulsory ageappropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.处理 提能一　语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)‎ 30‎ Before meeting Mrs. Liu, I was a troublesome student in my class and caused 1.endless(end) trouble for my class. Those superior students didn’t like getting along 2.with me. The headmaster even gave a command that I 3.(should)__be__sent(send) back home. It was evident that I lived in a freezing environment.‎ However, our Chinese teacher, Mrs. Liu, treated me in a different manner. She found that I had 4.a great gift for Chinese literature out of my drawbacks. She gave me a 5.recommendation(recommend) that I should read some ancient poems. She chose some accessible poems for me. 6.Later(late), she chose some difficult ones. I had a vague understanding of them. Mrs. Liu explained the real meaning of them to me and taught me how 7.to__be(be) a real man. 8.Gradually(gradual), I changed in many ways. I read a range of poems. I felt ashamed for what I had done before in my conscience. Those poems delivered positive messages.‎ ‎9．Accompanied(accompany) by these poems, I went through my high school happily. On graduation day, I made a commitment that I would be consistent in loving poems. 10.If possible, I will become a Chinese teacher.‎ 提能二　话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)‎ ‎1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)‎ ‎①很多女孩子因为节食而身体变得很脆弱。‎ Many girls have__become__delicate because they__are__going__on__a__diet．‎ ‎②很多人一直努力减肥，但是徒劳无功。‎ Many of them have__been__trying__to__lose__weight,__but__in__vain．‎ ‎③我认为应该向这些女孩子传达正确的信息。‎ I think we should convey__some__right__information__to__the__girls．‎ ‎④她们应该吃由蔬菜和水果组成的晚餐。‎ They should have dinners which__consist__of__vegetables__and__fruits．‎ ‎⑤很明显，经常运动会帮助保持稳定的体重。‎ Evidently, regular exercise helps__them__keep__steady__weight．‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎⑥用现在分词作后置定语升级句④‎ They__should__have__dinners__consisting__of__vegetables__and__fruits.‎ ‎⑦用it作形式主语升级句⑤‎ It__is__evident__that__regular__exercise__helps__them__keep__steady__weight.‎ ‎3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：nowadays, also)‎ 30‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Nowadays many girls have become delicate because they are going on a diet.Many of them have been trying to lose weight, but in vain. I think we should convey some right information to the girls. They should have dinners consisting of vegetables and fruits. It is evident that regular exercise also helps them keep steady weight.‎ 课时练1　2篇阅读＋1篇完形 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·合肥调研)Life on the street is a constant struggle for homeless people. In times of extreme weather conditions, that struggle becomes even more difficult. Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night.‎ Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen. On January 30, 2018, 34yearold Candice Payne, a local managing broker, was lucky enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions.‎ ‎“It was －20 ℃， and I knew they were going to be sleeping on ice and I had to do something，” said Payne. Payne started brainstorming different ways she could possibly help. Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.‎ For Payne, her mission was personal. According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his experiences, Payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help and that if she didn’t step up to help, no one likely would.‎ However, when Payne explained what she was trying to do, many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didn’t want homeless people to stay in their rooms. “No one wanted them, but one hotel, the Amber Inn, was nice 30‎ ‎ enough to allow me to buy the rooms，” said Payne.‎ Payne’s selfless act made news across the country. However, she insisted she had never done it for attention. “I am a regular person，” said Payne, who spent thousands of dollars of her own money to help complete strangers. “It all sounded like a rich person did this, but I’m just a little black girl from the South Side.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她丈夫经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间。她的无私善举传遍全国。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．Locals living on the street.‎ B．The homeless freezing to death.‎ C．The extreme weather.‎ D．The shelter for the homeless.‎ B　解析：代词指代题。根据第一段最后一句“Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night.”可知，最近芝加哥各地的无家可归者如果找不到过夜的地方，就会被冻死。结合画线词所在句可知，幸好，一位当地的女士拒绝让此发生。据此可推知，画线词that指代“The homeless freezing to death”。‎ ‎2．How did Candice Payne help the homeless people?‎ A．By drawing public attention.‎ B．By giving them money directly.‎ C．By taking them to her own house.‎ D．By buying hotel rooms for them.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.”可知，Candice Payne最终决定为这些无家可归者订旅馆的房间以免他们被冻死，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．What may contribute to Payne’s nice act?‎ A．Her husband’s past experiences.‎ B．The requests from the homeless.‎ C．Her desire to become famous.‎ D．The coldness of local hotels.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his 30‎ ‎ experiences, Payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help and that if she didn’t step up to help, no one likely would.”可知，由于受到她的丈夫无家可归的经历的触动，她决定帮助这些无家可归的人，故A项正确。‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．A Black Fighter Changes the World B．A Woman’s Curiosity Brings a Reward C．A Regular Woman Makes a Difference D．A Couple’s Brave Act Moves the Country C　解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句“Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen.”和最后一段最后两句并结合全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她丈夫经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间；她的无私善举传遍全国。故C项“一位普通女士的影响”最适合作本文的标题。‎ B ‎(2020·辽宁五校模拟)It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends’ marriage celebrations—flowerfilled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party？” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.‎ By August, she had a plan：convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in nonprofit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets(花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most, “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her，” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.”‎ In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. Laëtitia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don’t have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread’，” says Thélème. “We don’t focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing(滋养) the spirit.‎ 30‎ ‎ Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”‎ In the beginning, most of Floranthropie’s donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization’s Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文讲述了Christine Law把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。‎ ‎5．What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?‎ A．The waste of flowers.‎ B．The loneliness of seniors.‎ C．The persuasion of other friends.‎ D．The warm atmosphere of weddings.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Where do all the flowers go after the party？’ More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.”可知，婚礼上使用过的花束的浪费使Christine Law成立了Floranthropie这个机构。故选A。‎ ‎6．What was the first woman’s reaction to Christine Law’s flowers?‎ A．She was moved.　　　　　 B．She was excited.‎ C．She was worried. D．She was surprised.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her”可推知，当Christine Law给第一位女士送花时，她感到难以置信、相当惊讶。故选D。‎ ‎7．What can we infer about Floranthropie from Laëtitia Thélème’s words?‎ A．It should focus on primary care.‎ B．It is benefiting more than the elderly.‎ C．It is doing something of great importance.‎ D．It should cooperate with more nonprofit institutions.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”可推知，Laëtitia Thélème认为 Floranthropie正在做很重要的事，故C项符合文意。‎ ‎8．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Volunteer Your Time 30‎ B．Don’t Throw Flowers Away C．Special Delivery Makes Your Day D．Brighten Seniors’ Lives with Flowers D　解析：标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了Christine Law为了不浪费婚礼上用过的花，把花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，故选D。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2020·安徽省示范高中模拟)I first discovered Café Gratitude several months ago. My friend Dr. Heather invited me to __1__ her for lunch. Heather had __2__ moved to Los Angeles, and we would discuss the project we were doing. As we sat down and were __3__ the delicious vegetarian menu, the server who came to take our __4__ asked us the question of the day, “What are you grateful for？”‎ I felt a familiar stir(震动) in my chest, and my eyes began to water. __5__ a pause, Heather __6__ her hand out to me and said that it was with me. I expressed my gratitude to be with her __7__， enjoying this moment of our shared __8__ and her new start in Los Angeles. After a delicious lunch, I decided to stay a while longer __9__ the question had inspired me to meet the coowner, Ryland. Pauses or __10__ in life are a very good time to listen to what’s __11__ on inside of our hearts.‎ When Ryland came over to my __12__ with his big smile, his title of Chief Inspiration Officer seemed very __13__ for his personality. He gave me his __14__ attention as he opened his heart to listen. I told him how I wanted to help him open more __15__ so there could be more places to eat and help spread this __16__ of “being generous and grateful every day”. Since that __17__， Café Gratitude has been my favorite place to eat.‎ What a rewarding and meaningful experience! And I’ve since learned that Café Gratitude __18__ business through what they call “Sacred Commerce” where they provide inspired service, and express __19__ for the richness of our lives. A simple question that day __20__ me down new paths and gave me new friendships.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”应邀和朋友在一家“感恩餐馆”共进午餐，当服务员问我们“我们感激什么”时，“我”和“我”的朋友都认为那一刻彼此的陪伴让我们感激。这一简单的问题让“我”有了新的人生感悟……‎ ‎1．A.attend　　　　　　　　 B．accompany C．involve D．find B　解析：根据语境可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐。B 30‎ 项意为“陪伴”，故B项正确。A项意为“参加，看护”，C项意为“使卷入，涉及”，D项意为“找到”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎2．A.even B．ever C．seldom D．just D　解析：根据上文可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐；结合常识和该句中“had______moved to Los Angeles”以及下文中的“her new start in Los Angeles”可推知，“我”的朋友Heather刚迁到洛杉矶。D项意为“刚刚”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“甚至”，B项意为“曾经”，C项意为“很少”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎3．A.looking B．testing C．planning D．studying D　解析：根据空后的“delicious vegetarian menu”及常识可知，我们坐下后开始仔细察看菜单。D项意为“仔细察看”，故D项正确。A项意为“看”，B项意为“测试”，C项意为“计划”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎4．A.space B．time C．order D．place C　解析：根据该句中的“the server who came to take”及常识可以推知，服务员过来为我们点餐。C项意为“点菜”，故C项正确。A项意为“空间”，B项意为“时间”，D项意为“地方”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎5．A.Without B．Despite C．In terms of D．Regardless of A　解析：根据语境可知，Heather毫无(Without)停顿地向“我”伸(reached)出手，说和“我”在一起让她很感激。‎ ‎6．A.reached B．shook C．clapped D．stuck A　解析：参见上题解析。reach意为“伸，伸手(以碰触或提起某物)”，故A项正确。B项意为“摇动”，C项意为“鼓掌”，D项意为“粘，贴”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎7．A.either B．as well as C．also D．too D　解析：根据上文的内容及该句中的“I expressed my gratitude to be with her”可知，“我”也为和她在一起表达了感激。too“也”，通常用于肯定句句末，故D项正确。‎ ‎8．A.project B．seat C．honesty D．friendship D　解析：根据上文可知，我们都表达了对彼此陪伴的感激；再结合该句中的“shared”可以推知，我们享受着共同的友谊时光。D项意为“友谊”，故D项正确。A项意为“项目”；‎ 30‎ B项意为“座位”；C项意为“诚实”。‎ ‎9．A.so B．as C．if D．before B　解析：空处前一句是说，午饭后“我”想多待上一会儿；空处后一句说，这个问题使“我”想要和餐厅老板Ryland见上一面，据此可知，空前为果，空后为因，故as“因为”正确。‎ ‎10．A.action B．delays C．hurry D．dreams B　解析：根据语境可知，空处与“Pauses”对应，应为其同义词语，故delays“延迟”符合语境。A项意为“行动”，C项意为“匆忙”，D项意为“梦想”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎11．A.looking B．insisting C．going D．agreeing C　解析：根据语境可知，暂停和延迟是生活中很好的一个时刻去倾听我们内心进行的活动。go on意为“发生”，为固定搭配，符合语境，故C项正确。‎ ‎12．A.company B．table C．house D．car B　解析：根据语境可知，Ryland微笑着走近“我”的餐桌旁。B项意为“桌子”，故B项正确。A项意为“公司”，C项意为“房子”，D项意为“汽车”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎13．A.suitable B．ready C．eager D．anxious A　解析：根据语境可知，他微笑着，看起来他“首席灵感官”的头衔和他的个性很匹配。be suitable for为固定搭配，意为“适合于……”，故A项正确。B项意为“准备好的”，C项意为“渴望的”，D项意为“急切的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎14．A.simple B．full C．urgent D．regular B　解析：根据语境可知，他敞开心扉倾听，全身心注意着“我”。B项意为“完全的”，故B项正确。A项意为“简单的”；C项意为“紧急的”；D项意为“经常的”。‎ ‎15．A.hotels B．schools C．clubs D．restaurants D　解析：根据空后的“more places to eat”可推知，“我”想要帮助他开更多的饭店，这样的话就有更多的地方就餐并传播他“每天要慷慨并感恩”的理念。D项意为“饭店”，故D项正确。A项意为“宾馆”；B项意为“学校”；C项意为“俱乐部”。‎ ‎16．A.lesson B．note C．message D．lecture 30‎ C　解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“课”，B项意为“便条”，D项意为“讲座”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎17．A.meeting B．performance C．act D．vacation A　解析：根据上文中的“meet the coowner”并结合语境可知，自从那次见面以来，“感恩餐馆”就成了“我”最喜爱去就餐的地方。A项意为“会面”，故A项正确。B项意为“表演”；C项意为“行动”；D项意为“假期”。‎ ‎18．A.trains B．practices C．reviews D．concludes B　解析：根据语境可知，“感恩餐馆”通过他们的这种商业模式实践他们的业务。B项意为“实践”，故B项正确。A项意为“培训”，C项意为“审查”，D项意为“总结”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎19．A.explanation B．appreciation C．consideration D．application B　解析：根据语境可知，他们向我们生命的丰足表达了感激。B项意为“感激”，故B项正确。A项意为“解释”；C项意为“考虑”；D项意为“申请”。‎ ‎20．A.surprised B．led C．returned D．held B　解析：根据语境可知，那天的一个简单的问题，引导“我”走上新的道路，给了“我”新的友谊(关系)。B项意为“引领”，故B项正确。A项意为“使惊奇”；C项意为“归还”；D项意为“抓住，握住”。‎ 课时练2　2篇阅读＋1篇读后续写 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·福建质量检查)My neighbor Orlando is a paramedic(护理人员). He and his wife are some of the nicest people I have ever met. A few years back we started this sort of “favor war”， where one of us would do something for the other, such as shoveling(铲) his driveway or helping him build a shed, and next time the other would try to top it with another favor.‎ Yesterday morning there was maybe 2 or 3 feet of snow on the ground and I remembered he shoveled my driveway for me last snowfall. So I took out my shovel and took care of both our sidewalks and driveways because it was my turn to do a favor back. It took a while but I finished and got into my car for work. What I didn’t realize was that Orlando had to work that day too.‎ 30‎ Fast forward to this morning I got a knock on my door. It was him. He immediately shook my hand and informed me that because I shoveled his driveway and sidewalk for him, he was able to get to work earlier. As soon as he started his shift, a call came through that a young boy was in a medical emergency. Luckily he and his partner were only about 2 minutes away, but the next closest ambulance was in 10 minutes. This kid did not have 10 minutes. He barely had 2 minutes. Because my neighbor got to work sooner, the young boy got to live his life.‎ This isn’t a brag(吹嘘). This is to inform others that even the smallest favors can have the biggest impacts. It wasn’t too much of trouble to shovel his driveway for him, but because I did, the young kid got to see his family again, go back to school again, talk to his friends again and live his life.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和邻居Orlando总是互相帮助，这次下雪，“我”帮助他铲除了道路上的积雪，让他能很快去上班。一个等待急救的男孩在他的及时救治下摆脱了危险。“我”的善举救了孩子一命。‎ ‎1．What can we know about the writer and Orlando?‎ A．They once had a conflict.‎ B．They signed a favorable agreement.‎ C．They favor shoveling snow together.‎ D．They are always ready to help each other.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“A few years back we started this sort of ‘favor war’， where one of us would do something for the other, such as shoveling(铲) his driveway or helping him build a shed, and next time the other would try to top it with another favor.”可知，几年前我们就开始这种“互助活动”，一个人帮助另一个人之后，下一次便由对方提供帮助；据此可知，作者和Orlando总是乐意互相帮助，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．Who saved the boy before it was too late?‎ A．The writer.‎ B．The boy’s parents.‎ C．Orlando and his wife.‎ D．Orlando and his partner.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第五句“Luckily he and his partner were only about 2 minutes away, but the next closest ambulance was in 10 minutes.”，并结合该段内容可知，Orlando和他的搭档离医院只有大约两分钟的车程，他们很快上班挽救了男孩的生命，故D项正确。‎ 30‎ ‎3．What does the writer intend to tell us?‎ A．Never ask for trouble.‎ B．No favor is too small.‎ C．One cannot always be lucky.‎ D．Don’t lose heart in an emergency.‎ B　解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是尾段第二句“This is to inform others that even the smallest favors can have the biggest impacts.”可知，本文是为了告诉读者，即使是最小的帮助也能产生最大的影响，故B项正确。‎ B ‎(2020·贵阳摸底)Many of us think, wrongly, that the moon doesn’t change. For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ruoxu once wrote that “Generations have come and passed away; From year to year the moons look alike, old and new.”‎ However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time. For the study, a group of US scientists examined and analyzed thousands of photographs taken by the NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera(月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机). They found that there were lots of faults(断层) on the surface of the moon. These faults were formed by recent movement on the moon.‎ According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down. Then it began to shrink, in a way comparable to the shrinking of a grape into a raisin. Over the past several hundred million years, it has become 46 meters “skinnier”. But due to its hard and rocky layer, the moon’s surface continues to push up. “Some of these quakes can be fairly strong, around five on the Richter scale(里氏震级)，”said Thomas Watters, a senior scientist at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum in the US.‎ But does that mean the moon is a dangerous place that human shouldn’t try to explore and live on in the future? Maybe not, reported The Telegraph. “This isn’t anything to worry about. The moon may be shrinking, but not by much. It’s not going anywhere，” Watters comforted us.‎ The new discovery proves that the idea that the moon is a dead, boring place is wrong. “We have been to the moon and we’ve done some great science, but there is still a lot we don’t know. The moon is shrinking—we didn’t really realize that until recently. It’s a much more active and interesting place than we thought and ‎ 30‎ we should explore that, ” NASA scientist Nathan Williams said.‎ ‎【解题导语】　月球并非如唐代诗人张若虚在诗中描绘的那样是亘古不变的。一项最新的科学研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小。此外，这项研究还表明月球还有许多我们不了解的东西，它是一个比我们认为的更活跃、更有意思的地方，我们应该探索它。‎ ‎4．Which point of view about the moon may the writer agree to?‎ A．It stays the same as before.‎ B．It is becoming slightly smaller.‎ C．It is getting older and older.‎ D．It has passed away.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“However，a new study...shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time.”可知，一项新的发表在《自然·地球科学》上的研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小，故选B项。‎ ‎5．What can we learn about the moon from the third paragraph?‎ A．It has become 46 meters fatter due to expanding.‎ B．It has changed from a grape into a raisin in recent years.‎ C．It quakes even at seven on the Richter scale.‎ D．It has a hot core and releases energy during expanding.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy”可知，月球由带有一个热核的岩石块组成，当它形成时月球在持续膨胀，在这个过程中它会释放能量，故选D项。‎ ‎6．Who thinks that we needn’t worry about the moon?‎ A．Zhang Ruoxu.‎ B．Thomas Watters.‎ C．Nathan Williams.‎ D．The journalist.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中Thomas Watters说的话“This isn’t anything to worry about...It’s not going anywhere”可知，Thomas Watters认为我们不必担心月球，尽管月球在缩小，但它并没有缩小很多，故选B项。‎ ‎7．What does Nathan Williams think of the moon?‎ A．It is a dead and boring place.‎ B．It has lots of faults on the surface.‎ C．It is valuable to do more science.‎ D．It isn’t a place where we can live.‎ 30‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Nathan Williams说的话“We have been to the moon and we’ve done some great science...we should explore that”可知，Nathan Williams认为月球有许多我们不了解的东西，值得我们去探索，据此可推知，他认为研究月球是有价值的，故选C项。‎ Ⅱ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ Alice had just been appointed in the multinational bank. After one month of severe training, today was her first day to go to work.‎ She got up a bit earlier than usual, and decided to skip her gym workout as she did not want to risk being tired or getting late to her office on her first day. She went through her morning routine and spent a lot of time in selecting what to wear. None of her dresses seemed to appeal to her—they were either a little too casual or too dull and she definitely wanted to make an impression right from the start. Finally she settled on the white embroidered(刺绣的) dress.‎ She waved bye to her mom and set off cheerfully towards the bus stop. But she saw a bus leaving the stop just as she crossed the street. Now she would have to wait for a good 15 minutes. 15 minutes passed and then 30 minutes and there was no sign of the bus. “It must be stuck in heavy traffic，” a kind lady who was also waiting for the bus told her. Hearing that, Alice got anxious. She had to reach her office on time. Then she saw a taxi approaching but when she tried to stop it, the taxi driver sped by without even taking a glance at her. Alice was wondering what she could do.‎ It was then that a car stopped near her and a man waved to her. The driver asked her where she was going and after Alice told him that she was going to the bank at Nariman Point, the man said, “Oh, my office is in the nearby building. Can I give you a lift？” Alice hesitated for a moment and got into the car. They exchanged names and began to talk for a while. Then the driver switched on the radio and was absorbed in the song. Alice looked out of the window and imagined her first day at work, worrying whether she was capable of the new job, and if she could get along well with her colleagues. After about ten minutes, Alice realized they were not on the familiar route to her office.‎ Paragraph 1：‎ She began to worry that she might get into the car of a bad ‎ 30‎ man._____________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Then the car turned around a corner and Alice saw the tall building where her office was unexpectedly.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ She began to worry that she might get into the car of a bad man. So she asked cautiously whether they were going to her bank. The driver said that they took a new shortcut, as there was usually heavy traffic on the other one at this hour, and continued his song. That made some sense and Alice didn’t say anything more. Another fifteen minutes passed, and the road was even stranger for her. That man was driving speedily and Alice became more and more anxious. She decided that when the car next stopped at the traffic lights she would jump out.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Then the car turned around a corner and Alice saw the tall building where her office was unexpectedly. She breathed a sigh of relief. Within minutes, they reached the gate of the building. “Here we are！” the driver pulled up and said. Alice got out of the car, her face turning red. She felt quite sorry for having doubted the driver. She believed there were indeed more kind people in the world. She said, “Thank you very much！”， with a big smile, and hurried to her office with great expectation. She knew she would have a good day.‎ 30‎