专题14 短文改错-2019年高考英语备考艺体生百日突围系列(解析版)

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专题14 短文改错-2019年高考英语备考艺体生百日突围系列(解析版)

专题14 短文改错 方法与技巧 ‎ 高考短文改错的错误类型概括起来主要是语法错误、逻辑错误和搭配等方面的错误。 Ⅰ.语法错误 包括动词、名词、代词、主谓一致、非谓语动词及情态动词等方面的错误。 ‎1.名词:名词错误主要考查名词单复数错误,可数与不可数名词的混用。确定名词单复数有以下几种方法:看修饰语;看主谓语的一致性;可数名词前无单数修饰语一定要用复数;看其他限制。‎ ‎2.动词:时态和语态,常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时,中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象;或是及物动词后无宾语,或是不及物动词后加了宾语;需要接 ing形式的接了to,或相反等。对于这一类错误可根据上下文语境或者句子的平行结构确定动词时态。‎ ‎3.形容词、副词:常在需要形容词的地方用了副词或相反;关系副词where,when,why等的缺失或错用。根据形容词、副词的基本用法或句意确定错误。‎ ‎4.介词:主要是介词的多余或缺失,错用。‎ ‎5.主谓一致:主语为单数,动词用了复数;而主语为复数,动词却用了单数形式。再就是就近原则对主语的影响。‎ ‎6.冠词:主要考查表示特指和泛指时冠词的使用情况。定冠词the的多余或缺失,如季节、月份、星期、球类及三餐活动、称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the,或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏掉了the;a,an的混用等。‎ ‎7.数词:主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用,如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等,基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of,几千thousands of漏掉了s,或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数,如seven hundred,写作seven hundreds。‎ ‎8.连词:不符合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so),或相反等等。‎ 体验高考 ‎1.【2018·全国I】短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的次。‎ 删除:把多余的用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:(1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎(2).只允许修改10处,多者(从第l1处起)不计分。‎ During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.‎ ‎【答案】During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and ‎ ‎ animals. Last winter when I went again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of . They also had a small pond they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by the fish. I felt that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, he agreed.‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻,由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化。‎ ‎1. countryside前加the 考查冠词。去年寒假,我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶。此处特指去的是乡下,故加定冠词the。‎ ‎2. find改成found 考查动词时态。根据文章中的During my last winter holiday可知,事件发生在过去,故用一个过去时。故将find改成found。‎ ‎3. another改成other 考查形容词的用法。他们住在一个小房子里,院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。根据句意可知,将another改成other。‎ ‎4. here改成there 考查副词及语意理解。去年冬天我又一次去了那里。故将here改成there。‎ ‎5. chicken改成chickens 考查名词复数。他们拥有一个大的独立住宅,还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的dozens of可知,其后用名词复数形式。‎ ‎7. sell改成selling 考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词,故用selling。‎ ‎8. happily改成happy 考查形容词作表语。他们的生活有了很大提高,我感到很高兴。此处形容词作表语,故将happily改成happy。‎ ‎9. 删除for 考查介词的用法。时间名词有every,each,last等词修饰时,其前不用介词。故删除for。‎ ‎10. but改成and 考查并列连词的用法。我计划每两年回来一次,他同意了。此处是并列关系,故将but改成and。‎ 点睛:本文中第9处改错是学生容易忽视的考点。时间名词有every,each,last,this,that等词修饰时,其前不用介词。‎ 例:We are going to fish this morning.‎ I finished the course last winter holiday.‎ ‎2.【2018·全国II】短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文,文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 ‎ 注意:(1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎(2).只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎71. When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.‎ ‎【答案】When I was little, night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all in the sitting room. As kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to them, my parents would not let me. They would say to that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.‎ ‎【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的个人经历。小时候周五夜晚家长不允许作者看卡通片,而是让他和他们一块儿玩扑克牌游戏。长大后作者才明白,这些纸牌游戏在后来的生活中很有用。‎ 第一处:考查名词。名词作定语,往往表明被修饰名词的时间、地点、类别、目的或用途、材料或来源等。名词所有格作定语则强调与被修饰的词的所有关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。此处表示“星期五晚上”,并不是所有关系,故把Friday’s改为Friday。‎ 第二处:考查名词单复数。all表示三者或三者以上,后用名词复数。故把sort改为sorts。‎ 第三处:考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”,a用在表示泛指的单数名词前,the表示特指。故把the改为 a。‎ 第四处:考查动词不定式。句意:无论我要求多少次要去看(卡通片)。用不定式表示目的。故把watching改为watch。‎ 第五处:考查情态动词。would后跟动词原形,故把to删除。‎ 第六处:考查代词。句意:他们会对我说玩纸牌有助于大脑。偷换人称代词,是对“我”说,前面提到的I,而不是we。故把us改为me。‎ 第七处:考查固定搭配。be unwilling to do sth.意为“不愿意做某事,不情愿做某事”。本文介绍的是过去的情况,故用过去时。所以在unwilling前加was。‎ 第八处:考查介词。play the games with sb.表示“和某人一块玩游戏”,故把for改为with。‎ 第九处:考查时态。根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般过去时。故把are改为were。‎ 第十处:考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语,而是时间状语。故把where改为when。‎ 点晴:名词作定语与名词所有格作定语的区别。一般来说,名词作定语通常说明被修饰的词的性质,而名词所有格作定语则强调对被修饰的词的所有(权)关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。“the Party members(党员)”中,名词定语表示members的性质;“the Party’s calls(党的号召)”中,Party具有动作发出者的作用,calls虽然是名词,却具有动作的含义。a student teacher实习教师,a student’s teacher一位学生的老师。‎ ‎3.【2018·全国III】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文,文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well." Immediate, I raised my hand.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了写作课上作者克服恐惧心理主动回答问题的故事。‎ 第一处:考查时态构成。根据语境可知,句子用过去完成时,过去完成时的构成是had done,所以begin要改为begun。‎ 第二处:考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析,本句有谓语为was,而且没有连词,与主语是主动关系,所以wait 要用非谓语waiting,表伴随。‎ 第三处:考查连词。句意:每个人都沉默了,等着看谁会被要求朗读他或她的段落。一次只能叫一个人,男女两者是选择关系,故把and改为or。‎ 第四处:考查固定搭配。be eager to do sth渴望做某事,故eager后加to。‎ 第五处:考查代词错误。句意:我已经完成了自己的作业。表示“我的”用my不用myself,或改为定冠词the也可以。‎ 第六处:考查固定结构。be afraid to do害怕做某事,所以that为多余,删掉。‎ 第七处:考查比较级。句意:我不敢在一大群人面前说话。这里没有比较的意思,故把larger改为large。‎ 第八处:考查主谓一致。that作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数includes。‎ 第九处:考查名词单复数。错误不是一个,所以要用复数。‎ 第十处:考查副词。此处要用副词在句中做状语修饰整个句子,故把immediate改为immediately。‎ ‎【点睛】此题中的难点为非谓语动词的考查,如第二处错误,第五处错误,第二处解答时要分析句子结构,根据句中是否有谓语,连词来判断使用谓语还是非谓语,再根据句子主语everyone,与wait 之间为主动关系,所以要用现在分词。而第五处则主要考查be afraid to do 这一短语。‎ ‎4.【2017·新课标I】短文改错(共10小题;每小题l分,满分10分)‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事。‎ ‎71. eighteen改为eighteenth 考查数词。句意:在我十八岁生日后的那个暑假 eighteen意思为“十八,十八个”,表示数量, eighteenth表示“第十八个的”,故将eighteen改为eighteenth。‎ ‎72 first前加the或my 考查冠词。句意:我依然记得第一天是多么艰难。句中特指开始学驾照的第一天,所以在first前加上the。也可以加上my,my first day表示“我(学驾照)的第一天”。故在first前加the或my。‎ ‎73 so改为but 考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练的话,结果一发动车,脑中一片空白。所以前后文为转折关系。故将so改为but。‎ ‎74 goes改为went 考查时态。根据前文中的started可知时态为一般过去时,故将goes改为went。‎ ‎75 word改为words 考查单复数。句意:教练一直喊“加速”,“减速”,“左转” word的意思主要是“单词,消息”,words 可以表示为word的复数,也表示某人说的话。这里指教练说的那些话,故将word改为words。‎ ‎76 Turning改为Turn 考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知教练的话“加速”,“减速”,“左转”都是祈使句,根据前文“Speed up!” “Slow down!”也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形,故将Turning改为Turn。‎ ‎77 much去掉 考查固定句型。句意:我如此紧张以至于无法分辨哪个方向是左。固定句型so...that 表示“如此...以至于....”,much为多余成分。故将much去掉。‎ ‎78 late改为later 考查副词。做形容词的时候,later是late的比较级,如:Their deadline is quite late. Ours is even later.(他们的截止日期很迟.我们的更迟.)做副词的时候,late是迟的意思,later是稍后、随后的意思。句意:几分钟之后 故将late改为later。‎ ‎79 suddenly改为sudden 考查形容词。句意:我来了个紧急刹车。suddenly是副词,表示“意外地,忽然地”。 sudden为形容词,表示“突然的;迅速的”。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。故将suddenly改为sudden。‎ ‎80 on改为of 考查介词。分析语境可知作者表示“在路中间急刹车”,on the road表示“在路上”, the middle of the road表示“路的中央”,强调的是“the middle”。故将on改为of。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点,常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致;④缺少动词,特别是be动词;⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。‎ ‎2. 名词的常见错误:单复数名词错用,可数名词与不可数名词错用。‎ 例如第75题将 word改为words。word的意思主要是“单词,消息”,words 可以表示为word的复数,也表示某人说的话。这里指教练说的那些话,故将word改为words。‎ ‎3. 冠词错误:误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词)‎ 例如第72题 first前加the或my。句中特指开始学驾照的第一天,所以在first前加上the。也可以加上my,my first day表示“我(学驾照)的第一天”。故在first前加the或my。‎ ‎4. 形容词和副词错误:系动词(am/is/are/was/were/become/go)和感官性动词(smell/feel)后用形容词;词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词和形容词)。‎ 例如第79题将suddenly改为sudden。suddenly是副词,表示“意外地,忽然地”。 sudden为形容词,表示“突然的;迅速的”。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。故将suddenly改为sudden。‎ ‎5. 代词错误:代词的主格和宾格(I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them)错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使 用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。‎ ‎6. 非谓语动词的常见错误:不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致;介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。‎ 例如第76 题将Turning改为Turn。分析语境可知教练的话“加速”,“减速”,“左转”都是祈使句,根据前文“Speed up!” “Slow down!”也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形,故将Turning改为Turn。‎ ‎7. 介词错误:词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用。‎ 例如第80题将 on改为of。分析语境可知作者表示“在路中间急刹车”,on the road表示“在路上”, the middle of the road表示“路的中央”,强调的是“the middle”。故将on改为of。‎ ‎5.【2017·新课标II】短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处;每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Mr. and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.They live far from the school,and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time,they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden,that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools.beside,they often get some useful informations from the internet.When summer came,they will invite their students pick the vegetables!‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查记叙文,本文主要讲了张先生和张太太的日常工作和生活。‎ ‎1.all改为both:考查both和all的用法,both的主语是两个,而all的主语是三个或者三个以上,故将all改为both.‎ ‎2.a改为an或one:考查冠词,因为hour音标的首字母是元音,所以应用an,故将a改为an或者one.‎ ‎3.interesting改为interested:考查形容词,由于此句的主语是人,而interesting的主语是物,故将interesting改为interested.‎ ‎4.that改为which:考查非限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句需要用which引导,故将that改为which.‎ ‎5.earlier改为early:考查副词,earlier是形容词比较级,不能修饰动词get up, 故将earlier改为early.‎ ‎6.将for去掉:考查动词,bought是及物动词,后无需跟介词,故将for去掉.‎ ‎7.beside改为besides:考查连接词,beside是介词,“在……旁边”,而这里需要一个连接词,故将beside 改为besides.‎ ‎8.informations改为information:考查名词,information是不可数名词,故将informations改为information.‎ ‎9.came改为comes:考查时态,本文全篇为一般现在时,故将came改为comes.‎ ‎10.pick改为to pick:考查动词,本句出现了两个动词,所以要将第二个动词变为非谓语动词,又根据句意:摘新鲜的蔬菜是目的,所以把第二个动词变为to do不定式的形式表目的,故将invite前加上to.‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 高考短文改错考点层次一般而言可依次分为词法的测试、句法的测试和语篇的测试三个层面。考点层次越高,就越能测试出考生运用语言的能力。低层次的考点往往侧重于语法方面的考查,而高层次的考点往往侧重于考生对文章意义方面的理解。‎ 一、词法改错 词法的测试包括:定冠词和不定冠词的用法;名词的单复数和名词的所有格;动词的时态、语态、语气,情态动词和非谓语动词等;人称代词、人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法;介词的搭配;并列连词、从属连词的用法;形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法;固定搭配和习惯用法。‎ 例如:本题中的 ‎8.informations改为information 考查名词单复数 二、句法改错 句法的测试包括:主谓语在数上的一致性;名词性从句、定语从句和强调句;句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性和逻辑性。‎ 例如:‎ ‎4.that改为which 考查非限制性定语从句。‎ 三、语篇改错 语篇的测试包括:上下文的时态是否一致;上下文中的代词指代是否一致;上下文中的逻辑关系是否一致。例如:‎ ‎9.came改为comes 考查时态 考点:考查短文改错 ‎6.【2017·新课标III】短文改错(共10小题;每小题l分,满分10分)‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ When I look at this picture of myself. I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically.and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time, car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kings of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,回忆了作者以前的故事。‎ ‎71. 答案 of 考查介词。 realize是及物动词,后面接宾语时不需要介词。‎ ‎72. 答案 had→have考查动词时态。根据时间状语in the past few years判断用现在完成时。‎ ‎73. 答案 and→but考查连词。固定短语:not only…but also…不但……而且……‎ ‎74. 答案 took→taken 考查动词。根据句意可知此处表示被动含义,故把took改为taken。‎ ‎75. 答案 become →became考查动词时态。根据and前面的动词entered判断该句应该用一般过去时。‎ ‎76. 答案 the/ this∧picture 考查限定词的用法。单数可数名词前应该有限定词,根据句意可知在picture前加the或者this。‎ ‎77. 答案 they→ that/which考查定语从句。 They不引导定语从句,因为指代thing,所以把they改为that或者which。‎ ‎78. difference→different 考查形容词。修饰名词kinds应该用形容词形式。‎ ‎79. late →latest考查形容词最高级。‎ 根据句意可知此处指最新的音乐唱片,故把late改为latest。‎ ‎80. your →my 考查代词 。‎ 根据句意可知此处是我高中时代生活的美好回忆,故把your改为my。‎ 模拟新题精选 ‎1.【吉林省东北师大附中等2019届高三六校联考】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10‎ 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Last Monday, I learned a lesson about tell lies. Early in the morning, I didn’t want to go to the school, but I pretended to feel ill. My mother was very worrying when I told her. She left quickly and I thought she has gone to work. But soon, she came back with a bottle of pill. She said that she had asked for a day off from work to look me. I felt a little guilty but I dared not tell the truth. That afternoon, my teacher came to visit me. I felt so regretfully for telling lies. Finally, I admitted I had lain and promised never to do them again.‎ ‎【答案】1.tell改为telling ‎2.去掉the ‎3.but改为so或and ‎4.worrying改为worried ‎5.has改为had ‎6.pill改为pills ‎7.me前添加after ‎8.regretfully改为regretful ‎9.lain改为lied ‎10.them改为it或that ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者在本文讲述了自己一次撒谎的经历。由于不想去上学,作者假装生病,妈妈很担心并请假在家照顾作者,这使得作者有一种负罪感。下午老师来看望他时,作者最终承认犯了错误,并保证以后不会再撒谎了。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。About为介词,后跟现在分词做宾语,需用现在分词telling。‎ ‎2.考查冠词。固定短语go to school“去上学”,中间不添加冠词,故去掉the。‎ ‎3.考查连词。分析句意为"我不想去上学,于是假装生病",故用so引导结果状语从句。‎ ‎4.考查形容词。主语是My mother,指人,故用过去分词worried作形容词。‎ ‎5.考查时态。主句用了过去时态I thought,故从句的动作发生在thought之前,即过去的过去,故用过去完成时态,has改为had。‎ ‎6.考查名词的数。句意"一瓶药丸",pill是可数名词,要用复数形式pills。‎ ‎7.考查介词。句意:她请了两天假照顾我,look after意为"照顾",故添加after。‎ ‎8.考查形容词。Feel为系动词,后跟形容词作表语,故改为regretful。‎ ‎9.考查动词。lie在此处是“撒谎”的意思,做“撒谎”时,lie为规则动词,以不发音的e结尾末尾添加-d,故改为lied。‎ ‎10.考查人称代词。句意:我发誓再也不这么做了。此处指上文中作者撒谎的这件事,为第三人称单数形式,故改为it或改为指示代词that。‎ ‎2.【湖北省鄂州市2019届高三上学期期中】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Recently campus safety has become public concern since a series of violent attacks happen, which caused serious damage. It makes us aware of the fact that safety should always come firstly in our daily life.‎ In this case, we should take effective measure which can solve this problem. Firstly, our students should realize we must follow our school or traffic rules, and pay attention to food safety. Many incidents happen just because of we are too careless. Secondly, you should take training of security so that we can keep calm if faced with conflicts. Thirdly, our government and schools should provide surroundings in that our students can focus on acquiring knowledge.‎ As far as I am concerned, improve campus safety is very important that we all should try our best to make everyone on campus safe and sound.‎ ‎【答案】become后面加上a happen →happened firstly →first measure →measures or →and you →we that →which improve →improving very →so ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了如何采取有效措施,来保证校园安全。‎ ‎【详解】第一处:考查冠词。句意:最近,校园安全已经成为一个公众的关注。concern作为名词,是可数名词,表示泛指,public的首字母发音是辅音,所以become后面加上不定冠词a。‎ 第二处:考查时态。描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以happen →happened。‎ 第三处:考查固定短语。句意:它使我们意识到安全在我们的日常生活中总是第一位的。come first首先要考虑到的,该短语是固定短语,所以firstly →first。‎ 第四处:考查名词单复数。句意:在这种情况下,我们应该采取有效的措施来解决这个问题。“有效的措施”是复数含义,用名词复数,所以measure →measures。‎ 第五处:考查连词。句意:首先,我们的学生应该意识到我们必须遵守我们的学校和交通规则,并且注意食品安全。文中表示并列关系,所以or →and。‎ 第六处:考查代词。句意:其次,我们应该接受安全培训,这样我们就可以在面对冲突时保持冷静。文中表示“我们应该……”,所以you →we。‎ 第七处:考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。这里含有一个介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,指物,只能用which,所以that →which。‎ 第八处:考查动名词。句意:在我看来,改善校园安全是如此重要,以至于我们都应该尽我们最大的努力使每个人在校园安全和健康。作句子主语,用动名词,所以improve →improving。‎ 第九处:考查固定用法。句意:在我看来,改善校园安全是如此重要,以至于我们都应该尽我们最大的努力使每个人在校园安全和健康。so…that太…以至于,该用法是固定用法,所以very →so。‎ ‎3.【广东省华附、省实、广雅、深中2019届高三上学期期末联考】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10‎ 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(T),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Dear Oliver,‎ How are you? I’m writing to share an exciting news about my new family business.‎ As you known, my town don’t have a sporting goods store. The close place to buy sports equipment is about 20 kilometer from here. My brother Mark and I will open a sporting goods store. It will have better customer service than the others stores, and our prices will be lower. Mark will be the store manager so he is good with people. I will be the advertising manager. We plan to open the store in May.‎ I hope you can come or visit our store soon! I look forward to hear from you soon.‎ Take care,‎ Lucy ‎【答案】第一处:去掉an 第二处:known改成know 第三处: don’t改成doesn’t 第四处: close改成closest 第五处: kilometer改成 kilometers 第六处: others改成 other 第七处: so改成because 第八处: prices改成price 第九处: or改成to 第十处: hear改成hearing ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者所住的镇上没有体育用品商店,作者和自己的哥哥开了一家体育用品商店,欢迎大家光临。‎ ‎【详解】第一处:考查名词。News是不可数名词,不用冠词修饰,所以去掉an。‎ 第二处:考查固定用法。句意:你知道,我们镇没有体育用品商店。as you know如你所知,该用法是固定用法,所以known改成know。‎ 第三处:考查时态。描述主语现在的状态,用一般现在时,所以don’t改成doesn’t。‎ 第四处:考查最高级。句意:买运动器材最近的地方离这里大约二十公里。文中表示“最近的…”,用最高级,所以close改成closest。‎ 第五处:考查名词单复数。被20修饰,用名词复数,所以kilometer改成 kilometers。‎ 第六处:考查形容词。句意:它将比其他商店有更好的顾客服务。修饰名词stores,用形容词,所以others改成 other。‎ 第七处:考查连词。句意:Mark将成为商店经理,因为他善于与人相处。表示“因为…”,所以so改成because。‎ 第八处:考查名词。price是不可数名词,没有复数形式,所以prices改成price。‎ 第九处:考查连词或不定式。文中表示“我希望不久,你能来参观我们的商店”,表示并列关系,所以or改成and;文中表示“为了…”,不定式用作目的状语,所以or改成to。‎ 第十处:考查固定用法。look forward to期待,该短语是固定短语,后面接v+ing形式,所以hear改成hearing。‎ ‎4.【山东省济南市2019届高三上学期期末】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Dear Jim,‎ I'm very glad to hear from you.In your letter,you said you suffer from depression because of the heavy load of study and didn’t know what to get rid of it.Therefore,I am writing to offer you some suggestion.‎ First of all,it is quite common of high school students to feel depressed sometimes.What really matters is you should face your problem and make up your mind to settle it.The most effectively way is to turn to your teachers ‎ for help.He will surely provide you with a useful and practical advice.Besides,take an active part in sports or you’ll feel more energetic than before.Hang out with friends is also a good way to relax yourself.‎ I hope my suggestions can be of some help to you.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】suffer →suffered what →how suggestion →suggestions ‎ of →for is 后加that effectively →effective He →They 删掉a or →and Hang →Hanging ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一封书信,作者给一个朋友提供了几条处理抑郁的建议。‎ ‎【详解】第一处:考查时态。句意:信中,你说由于不知道该如何摆脱过重的学习负担,你得了抑郁症。讲述的是过去的事情应该用一般过去时,故suffer 改为suffered。‎ 第二处:考查宾语从句。句意参考上题解析,此处为宾语从句,从句中不缺主宾表,缺少方式状语,故what 改为how。‎ 第三处:考查名词。句意:我现在给你提供一些建议。some修饰可数名词复数,故suggestion 改为suggestions。 ‎ 第四处:考查介词。句意:首先,对高中生来说,有时感到沮丧是很正常的。此处表示对象,故of 改为for。‎ 第五处:考查表语从句。句意:真正重要的是你应该面对它并下决心解决它。表语从句的that通常不能省略,故is 后加that。 ‎ 第六处:考查形容词。句意:最有效的办法是向老师求助。修饰名词way用形容词,故effectively 改为effective。‎ 第七处:考查代词。句意:他们一定会给你提供有用且实用的建议。此处指代前面的teachers,故He 改为They。 ‎ 第八处:考查冠词。句意参考上题解析,advice是不可数名词,不能用不定冠词修饰,故删掉a。 ‎ 第九处:考查连词。句意:此外,积极参加运动,你会感到比以前更有活力。祈使句+and+从句表示一种肯定的结果,故or 改为and。 ‎ 第十处:考查非谓语动词。句意:和朋友出去闲逛也是放松自己的好办法。作主语用动名词,故Hang 改为Hanging。‎ ‎5.【湖南省株洲市2019届高三教学质量统一检测】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。‎ When I was young, my mother work at a hospital far away from my home. In the morning, she got up early than anyone else in my family to prepare breakfast for us, and then sent me and my brother to school. This went on for 18 year. She was never complained about it. No matter how tiring she was, she always had enough energy to be my mom. However, during holiday seasons, she had to work, that damaged my spirit because she was most important person to me. Last Christmas Eve, I went to the hospital to visit him. Seeing her devotion to care for the patients, I began to understand her job but feel proud of her.‎ ‎【答案】1. 改 work 为 worked ‎2. 改 early 为 earlier ‎3. 改 year 为 years ‎4. 把 was 删除 ‎5. 改 tiring 为 tired ‎6. that 改为 which ‎7. 在 was 后添加 the ‎8. 改 him 为 her ‎9. 改 care 为 caring ‎10. 改 but 为 and ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了妈妈一直为家庭操劳,而且非常敬业,我不理解妈妈为何在假期还要工作,但当我看到她对照顾病人的奉献精神时,我开始理解她的工作,并为她感到骄傲。‎ ‎【详解】第一处:考查时态。句意:在我小时候,妈妈在离家很远的一家医院工作。这是我小时候的事情,应该用一般过去时,故work 改为worked。‎ 第二处:考查比较级。句意:妈妈比家里任何人都要起得早,为我们准备早餐。根据than判断此处要用比较级,故early 改为 earlier。‎ 第三处:考查名词。句意:这种情况一直持续了18年。18修饰可数名词复数 ,故year 改为 years。‎ 第四处:考查语态。句意:她从来没有抱怨过。She 与complained之间是主动关系,不用被动语态,故删除was。‎ 第五处:考查形容词。句意:不管她有多累,她总是有足够的精力做我的妈妈。ing结尾的形容修饰物,表示“令人……的”,ed结尾的形容词修饰人,表示“感到……的”,故tiring改 为 tired。‎ 第六处:考查非限定性定语从句。句意:然而,在假期,她不得不工作,这伤害了我的心灵,因为她是我最重要的人。此处为非限定性定语从句,关系词指代前面的事情,在从句中作主语,故that 改为 which。‎ 第七处:考查定冠词。句意参考上题解析,最高级most important前用定冠词修饰,故was 后加 the。‎ 第八处:考查代词。句意:去年圣诞节前夜,我去医院看她。我去医院看的人是妈妈,应该用 her,故him改为 her。‎ 第九处:考查非谓语动词。句意:看到她对照顾病人的奉献精神,我开始理解她的工作,并为她感到骄傲。devotion 后的 to 为介词,需要接动名词作宾语,故care 改为 caring。‎ 第十处:考查连词。句意参考上题解析,此处表示并列而非转折关系,故but改为 and。‎
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