2020-2021学年高一英语重点词汇真题训练 Travelling around

2020-2021学年高一英语重点词汇真题训练 Travelling around

2020-2021 学年高一英语重点词汇真题训练 Travelling around 一、完形填空(共 40 分) (本题 40 分)（2019·全国高考真题） Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 1 with them lots of waste. The 2 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing, changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories, I’m 4 about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences. However, I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 6 among tons of rubbish. I find a 7 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 8 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 9 . The best of a Kilimanjaro 10 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 11 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 12 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 13 go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 14 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 15 — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 16 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 17 : gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. 18 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 19 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. Does Kilimanjaro 20 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true. 1．(2 分)A．keep B．mix C．connect D．bring 2．(2 分)A．stories B．buildings C．crowds D．reporters 3．(2 分)A．position B．age C．face D．name 4．(2 分)A．silent B．skeptical C．serious D．crazy 5．(2 分)A．discover B．argue C．decide D．advocate 6．(2 分)A．equipment B．grass C．camps D．stones 7．(2 分)A．remote B．quiet C．tall D．clean 8．(2 分)A．new B．special C．significant D．necessary 9．(2 分)A．paying off B．spreading out C．blowing up D．fading away 10．(2 分)A．atmosphere B．experience C．experiment D．sight 11．(2 分)A．studied B．observed C．explored D．regarded 12．(2 分)A．view B．quality C．reason D．purpose 13．(2 分)A．scientists B．climbers C．locals D．officials 14．(2 分)A．holding on to B．going back to C．living up to D．giving way to 15．(2 分)A．changes B．clears C．improves D．permits 16．(2 分)A．match B．imagine C．count D．add 17．(2 分)A．village B．desert C．road D．lake 18．(2 分)A．Obviously B．Easily C．Consequently D．Finally 19．(2 分)A．permanent B．little C．fresh D．artificial 20．(2 分)A．enjoy B．deserve C．save D．acquire 评卷人 得分 二、阅读选择(共 44 分) (本题 6 分)（2018·全国高考真题） Washington, D．C．Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D．C． Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D．C．Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — the cherry blossoms—disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D．C．Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D．C． Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C．newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D．C．in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most, interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (7miles) Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D．C．Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights. 21．(2 分)Which tour do you need to book in advance? A．Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D．C． B．Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington. D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour. 22．(2 分)What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? A．Meet famous people. B．Go to a national park. C．Visit well-known museums. D．Enjoy interesting stories. 23．(2 分)Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide? A．City maps. B．Cameras. C．Meals. D．Safety lights. (本题 6 分)（2017·全国高考真题）San Francisco Fire Engine Tours San Francisco Winery Tour Running: February 1st through April 30th This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in tickets price) Departing from the Cannery: Tell time upon request. Duration(时长)：2 hours Price: $90 Back to the Fifties Tour Running: August 16th through August 31st This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s! Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream. Departing from the Cannery 5:00 pm and 7:00 pm Duration:2 hours Price:$90 Spooky Halloween Tour Running: October 10th through October 31st Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district .Authentic fire gear （服装）is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco Departing from the Cannery:6:30 pm and 8:30 pm Duration :1 hour and 30 minutes Price: Available upon request Holiday Lights Tour Running: December 6th through December 23nd This tractive four takes you to some of San Francis’s most cheerful holiday scenes. Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit. Departing from the Cannery 7:00 pm and 9:00 pm Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes Advance reservations required. 24．(2 分)Which of the tours is available in March? A．Back to the Fifties Tour. B．San Francisco Winery Tour. C．Spooky Hallowen Tour. D．Holiday Lights Tour. 25．(2 分)What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tours? A．Go to Treasure Island B．Enjoy the holiday scenes. C．Have free ice cream. D．Visit the Presidio district. 26．(2 分)What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour? A．Take some drinks. B．Make reservations in advance. C．Set off early in the morning. D．Wear warm clothes. (本题 8 分)（2015·湖北高考真题）C Hilversum is a medium-sized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland, the Netherlands. Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand. Once called the Garden of Amsterdam, it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests. They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness. For Dutch people, Hilversum is all about textile (纺织) and media industries, and modern architecture. In history, Hilversum was largely an agricultural area. Daily life was marked by farming, sheep raising and wool production. A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum. They build themselves large villas (别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town. One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers, currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands. They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum. But the textile boom lasted only several decades. The last factory closed in the 1960s. The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the Nederlandse Seintoestedllen Fabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hiversum. Most radio stations called in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town. Television gave another push to the local economy. Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands, and Dutch televison stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town. In the early 1900s, modern architcts W.M. Dudok and J. Duiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum. These modern architectural masterpieces (杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum. Dudok alone shaped most 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings in 1928-1931. It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks. The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”. Actually, one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the W.M. Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum. 27．(2 分)Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that ______. A．it has a large population B．it is cut off from big cities C．it has many beautiful gardens D．it is in a hilly area with sandy soil 28．(2 分)What was the greatest contribution of the Brenninkmeijers to Hilversum? A．Building a railway link to Amsterdam B．Helping its textile industry to develop C．Constructing large villas for the poor D．Assisting its agricultural industry 29．(2 分)The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of ______. A．a radio factory B．the medial capital C．a radio station D．a TV station 30．(2 分)What is known about W.M. Dudok’s Hilversum Town Hall? A．It consists of approximately 75 buildings B．It looks like an open air museum in the city C．It is a classic example in architecture textbooks D．It has shaped most of 20th century Hilvesum. (本题 4 分)（2015·江苏高考真题）请阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A 31．(2 分)According to the Code, visitors should act _______ . A．with care and respect B．with relief and pleasure C．with caution and calmness D．with attention and observation 32．(2 分)What are you encouraged to do when travelling in New Zealand? A．Take your own camping facilities. B．Bury glass far away from rivers. C．Follow the track for the sake of plants. D．Observe signs to approach nesting birds. (本题6 分)（2019·江苏高考真题） In the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park, Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that, oddly, had not troubled anyone before: he couldn’t find the park’s volcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature — that’s what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christiansen couldn’t find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere. Most of us, when we talk about volcanoes, think of the classic cone(圆锥体) shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro, which are created when erupting magma(岩浆) piles up. These can form remarkably quickly. In 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is, however, a second less known type of volcano that doesn’t involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack, leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this second type, but Christiansen couldn’t find the caldera anywhere. Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors’ centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera: almost the whole park—2.2 million acres—was caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans. 33．(2 分)What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone? A．Its complicated geographical features. B．Its ever-lasting influence on tourism. C．The mysterious history of the park. D．The exact location of the volcano. 34．(2 分)What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A．The shapes of volcanoes. B．The impacts of volcanoes. C．The activities of volcanoes. D．The heights of volcanoes. 35．(2 分)What does the underlined word “blow-up” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A．Hot-air balloon. B．Digital camera. C．Big photograph. D．Bird’s view. (本题 6 分)（2010·全国高考真题）Shakespeare’s Birthplace and Exhibition of Shakespeare’s World Welcome to the world-famous house where William Shakespeare was born in l564 and where he grew up .The property (房产) remained in the ownership of Shakespeare’s family until 1806 .The House has welcomed visitors travelling from all over the world for over 250 years. ◆Enter through the Visitors’ Centre and see the highly-praised exhibition Shakespeare's World，a lively and full introduction to the life and work of Shakespeare. ◆Stand in the rooms where Shakespeare grew up. ◆Discover examples of furniture and needlework from Shakespeare’s period. ◆Enjoy the traditional English garden，planted with trees and flower mentioned in the poet’s works. The Birthplace is within easy walking distance of all the car parks shown on the map；nearest is Windsor Street(3 minutes’ Walk). The House may present difficulties but the Visitors’ Centre，its exhibition,and the garden are accessible (可 进入的)to wheelchair users. The Shakespeare Coffee House (opposite the Birthplace). 36．(2 分)How much is the admission for a family of two grown-ups and two children？ A．￡9.80． B．￡12.00． C．￡14.20． D．￡16.40． 37．(2 分)Where is the nearest parking place to Shakespeare’s Birthplace？ A．Behind the exhibition hall． B．Opposite the Visitors’ Centre． C．At Windsor Street． D．Near the Coffee House． 38．(2 分)A wheelchair user may need help to enter ． A．the House B．the garden C．the Visitors’ Centre D．the exhibition hall (本题 8 分)（2014·全国高考真题） Metro Pocket Guide Metrorail (地铁) Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under five may travel free with a paying customer. Farecard machine are in every station, Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the station and farecard machine only provide up to $ 5 in change. Get one of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays. Hours of Service Open: 5 a.m. Mon — Fri 7a.m. Sat — Sun. Close midnight Sun — Thur. 3. a.m. Fri — Sat. nights Last train times vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train time posted in the station. Metrobus When paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1.35. When paying with a smatTrip CARD the fare is $1.25 Fares for the Senior /disabled customers Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards, farecard or SmarTripR card and passes, please visit MetroOpenDoors.com or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000. Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100 Travel tips Avoid riding during weekday rush periods — before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6 p.m. If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195. 39．(2 分)What should you know about farecard machine? A．They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m. B．They are connected to change machines. C．They offer special service to the elderly. D．They make change for no more than $5. 40．(2 分)At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday? A．At midnight B．at 3 a.m. C．at 5 am D．at 7 p.m. 41．(2 分)What is good about a SmarTrip card? A．It is convenient for old people B．It saves money for its users[ C．it can be bought at any time D．it is sold on the Internet 42．(2 分)Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro? A．202-962-1195 B．202-962-1100 C．202-673-7000 D．202-673-8000 评卷人 得分 三、七选五(共 10 分) (本题 10 分)（2015·北京高考真题）This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing． Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them． They can seem forgetful and clumsy．43．(2 分)They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things．But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history．44．(2 分)Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others． Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams．45．(2 分)And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings．It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concerntrate． “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep．46．(2 分)Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away．47．(2 分)Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds． A．Having interesting things to think about also helps． B．They stare off into space and wander by themselves． C．Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes． D．At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses． E.It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive． F.Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand． G.Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone． 评卷人 得分 四、用单词的适当形式完成短文(共 20 分) (本题 20 分)（2015·全国高考真题）语法填空。 It was raining lightly when I 48．(2 分)(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 49．(2 分), I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 50．(2 分)(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 51．(2 分) are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 52．(2 分)(painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 53．(2 分) car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo 54．(2 分)(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 55．(2 分)(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 56．(2 分)(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 57．(2 分)(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 评卷人 得分 五、短文改错(共 10 分) 58．(本题 10 分)（2019·新疆奎屯高一月考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修 改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的 增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Last vacation, I take a journey to the Nanxi River, which lie in the southeast of Zhejiang. It is a water theme park. The water sports equipment makes the world to come to life. It is also known as the ancient buildings and cultures. Besides, there are some another things that I will never forget, such as special noodles or all kinds of fruits. How deliciously they are! There are many excellent hotels near the Nanxi River, the prices of that are different. So travelers can choose the most suitable one. Travelers can also see the scenery from the hotel windows. In word, here is the perfect mix of funs. 评卷人 得分 六、提纲类作文(共 26 分) 59．(本题 26 分)（2019·浙江高考真题）假定你是李华，乘坐 FL753 航班抵达伦教后发现钱包遗失。 请给航空公司写一封邮件说明情况并寻求帮助。内容包括： 1. 行程信息； 2. 钱包特征； 3. 联系方式。 注意： 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考答案 1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有 4 万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了垃圾，破坏 了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失，改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑，想一探究竟。 当他来到这里，他发现当地环保措施很到位，同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认 为乞力马扎罗山不应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。 1．考查动词辨析。A. keep 保持；B. mix 混合；C. connect 联系；D. bring 带来。句意：他们带来了 很多的垃圾。由“lots of waste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故 D 选项切题。 2．考查名词辨析。A. stories 故事；B. buildings 建筑物；C. crowds 人群；D. reporters 记者。句意： 人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“40,000”可知，这是一个庞大的群体。故 C 选项切题。 3．考查名词辨析。A. position 位置；B. age 年龄；C. face 外貌，表面；D. name 名字。句意：冰川正 在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山的地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的 地貌。故 C 选项切题。 4．考查形容词辨析。A. silent 沉默的；B. skepetical 怀疑的；C. serious 严肃的；D. crazy 疯狂的。句 意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由下 文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故 B 选项切题。 5．考查动词辨析。A. discover 发现；B. argue 争论；C. decide 决定；D. advocate 提倡。句意：然而， 我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的 变化。由“much has changed”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。故 A 选项切题。 6．考查名词辨析。A. equipment 装备；B. grass 草；C. camps 营地；D. stone 石头。句意：我很快发 现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由 下文“at camps”可知，本句属于原词再现。故 C 选项切题。 7．考查形容词辨析。A. remote 遥远的；B. quiet 安静的；C. tall 高的；D. clean 干净的。句意：我发 现了一座干净的山，营地里和路边都有厕所。由“with tolilet at camps and along the paths”可知，营地 里和路边都有厕所，所以这是一座干净的山。故 D 选项切题。 8．考查形容词辨析。A. new 新的；B. special 特殊的；C. significant 重大的；D. necessary 必要的。句 意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文可知， 很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失，这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故 C 选 项切题。 9．考查动词短语辨析。A. paying off 还清，报偿；B. spreading out 伸展；C. blowing up 爆炸；D. fading away 逐渐消退。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回 报。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。 故 A 选项切题。 10．考查名词辨析。A. atmosphere 氛围；B. experience 经历；C. experiment 实验；D. sight 视力。句 意：在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。故 B 选项切 题。 11．考查动词辨析。A. studied 学习；B. observed 观察；C. explored 探索；D. regarded 认为。句意： 山被许多文化视为精神场所。由“spiritual space”可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。be regarded as 被视为……。故 D 选项切题。 12．考查名词辨析。A. view 景色；B. quality 质量；C. reason 原因；D. purpose 目的。句意：在乞力 马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统， 所以景色也是明显的不同。故 A 选项切题。 13．考查名词辨析。A. scientists 科学家；B. climbers 登山者；C. locals 当地人；D. officials 官员。句 意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色尤为明显。故 A 选项切 题。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故 B 选项切题。 14．考查动词短语辨析。A. holding on to 抓住；B. going back to 回到（原来的话题）；C. living up to 达到，履行；D. giving way to 向……让步。句意：热带雨林在海拔 3000 米处突然到了尽头，让位于 大片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔 3000 米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔 3000 米以上就是大片 的低矮植物。故 D 选项切题。 15．考查动词辨析。A. changes 改变；B. clears 放晴；C. improves 提高；D. permits 允许。句意：再 往上走，天气变了——低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。由“low clouds”可知，海拔变了，天气也 是不同的，是变化的。故 A 选项切题。 16．考查动词辨析。A. match 匹配；B. imagine 想象；C. count 数；D. add 增加。句意：我从站的地 方数出了十二种绿色。由“twelve shades of green”可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。故 C 选项切题。 17．考查名词辨析。A. village 村庄；B. desert 沙漠，荒地；C. road 马路；D. lake 湖。句意：海拔 4000 米以上是高山荒漠：砾石、石头和岩石。由“grave, stones and rocks”可知，海拔 4000 米以上是高山荒 漠。故 B 选项切题。 18．考查副词辨析。A. Obviously 明显地；B. Easily 容易地；C. Consequently 结果；D. Finally 最后地。 句意：海拔 4000 米以上是高地荒漠：砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是 冰川地区。故 D 选项切题。 19．考查形容词辨析。A. permanent 永久的；B. little 小的；C. fresh 新鲜的；D. artificial 人造的。句 意：很明显，你爬进了一个类似北极的地带，那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由 “arctic-like zone”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。故 A 选项切题。 20．考查动词辨析。A. enjoy 享受；B. deserve 值得；C. save 挽救；D. acquire 获得。句意：乞力马扎 罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？这里作者在 质疑乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰，以此在对后面 的回答做好铺垫。故 B 选项切题。 21．A 22．D 23．D 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了在 Washington, D.C. 骑自行车旅行的四条路线的相关行程及注 意事项。 21．细节理解题。根据文章 Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.中的 Reserve your spot before availability 可知，这个骑行项目需要提前预约。故选 A。 22．细节理解题。根据文章 Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.中的 Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks.可知，在这 个活动中，你可以享受有趣的故事。故选 D。 23．细节理解题。根据文章Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour中的All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.可知，所有骑行者都要装备反光背心和安全手电筒。故选 D。 【点睛】 本篇文章最容易出错的题是 21 题，究其原因是不熟悉词汇 reserve 的词义：预约。in advance 意为“提 前“。因此，高考前熟悉词汇和短语是重中之重的事情。Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms — disappear 在有效期和樱花消失前预约。 24．B 25．C 26．B 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了旧金山的四个旅游活动及路线。 24．细节理解题。根据 San Francisco Winery Tour 部分中的“Running: February 1st through April 30th” 可知，旧金山酒厂之旅的时间是 2 月 1 日到 4 月 30 日，可以在 3 月份参加，故 B 项正确。 25．细节理解题。根据 Back to the Fifties Tour 部分中的“Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.”可知，参加重返五零年代之旅可以免费品尝冰淇淋，故 C 项正 确。 26．细节理解题。根据 Holiday Lights Tour 部分中的“Advance reservations required.”可知，参加节日 灯之旅需要提前预定，故 C 项正确。 【点睛】 广告类应用文的设题多为细节理解题，解答这类题型一般采用寻读法，先看试题，再看文章，对有 关信息进行快速定位，再分析、对比相关信息，排除干扰项，选出正确答案，解答此类题型一定要 注意不要遗漏相关信息，例如本篇的三道题都可以根据题干定位到相关的部分，从而得出答案。 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．C 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了荷兰 Hilversum 这一地区的地貌特征、工业发展和现代建筑。 27．细节理解题。根据首段第二句“Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually a hilly area”可 知 Hilversum 不同于荷兰其他地方之处在于它属于沙土丘陵地带。故选 D 项。 28．细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句 They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum.可知, 他们在纺织业取得巨大成功后搬了进来，并帮助了希尔 弗瑟姆的纺织业。所以 Brennikmeijers 为 Hilversum 的纺织业做出了巨大的贡献。故选 B 项。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段首句 The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the Nederlandse Seintoestedllen Fabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hiversum. 可知, 向媒体经济的转变始于1920 年，当时 Nederlandse Seintoestedllen Fabriek (NSF)在 Hiversum 建立了一家无线电工厂。所以 Hilversum 传媒业兴起的兴起是以一家无线电厂的建立为标志的。故选 A 项。 30．细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第三、四句 It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks 可知，它具有广泛的国际声誉，并被列入许多建筑教科书。所以 W. M. Dudok’s Hilversum Town Hall 是建筑教科书中的一个典范。故选 C 项。 31．A 32．C 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇应用文（旅游指南）。介绍了去新西兰旅游中要保护动物，处理好垃圾，注意路标等注意 事项。 31．推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了去新西兰旅游中的注意事项，根据关键词“be considerate， be careful，take care”等可推知游客的行为应体现出关爱和尊重。故选 A 项。 32．细节理解题。根据小标题“Keep to the track”下内容可知，可知在新西兰旅游时，为了减少破坏 植物的可能，鼓励游客顺着路走。露营设施是提供好的，排除 A 项；B 偷换主体，埋藏的是 toilet waste， 而非 glass；D 项偷换概念，observe no smoking signs，而非 observe signs to approach nesting birds。故 选 C 项。 33．D 34．A 35．C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了二十世纪六十年代 Bob Christiansen 在研究黄石公园的火山历史时，奇 怪地发现到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形状 的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。 33．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 But Christiansen couldn’t find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere. 可知，他困惑的是在黄石公园找不到火山。故选 D。 34．主旨大意题。本段讲述了两种形状的火山，一种是通常人们所理解的由火山岩浆堆积形成的圆 锥体，还有一种极具爆发力的火山，它们会在一个大裂缝中爆裂，留下一个巨大的洞，故选 A。 35．词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句 Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors’ centers.可知，美 国国家航空航天局为测试一些新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片。一位深思熟虑的官员把 其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大以供一个游客中心展示。根 据常识可知，游客中心的照片一般都很大，以吸引游客的注意，故此处意为“将照片放大”，选 C。 36．B 37．C 38．A 【解析】 【分析】 本文是说明文。介绍参观莎士比亚出生地和莎士比亚展览的一些注意事项。 36．推理判断题。根据图表可知家庭票是￡12.00，包括两个成年人和最多三个孩子。题干中的家庭 有两个成年人和两个孩子，适合买家庭票。故选 B。 37．细节理解题。根据 The Birthplace is within easy walking distance of all the car parks shown on the map； nearest is Windsor Street(3 minutes’ Walk).可知所有的汽车停放点都在地图上可以看到，最近的是 Windsor Street，只要 3 分钟，故选 C。 38．推理判断题。根据 The House may present difficulties but the Visitors’ Centre，its exhibition,and the garden are accessible (可进入的)to wheelchair users 可知轮椅用户不能进入 The House，故选 A。 39．C 40．B 41．C 42．B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。在文中作者详细介绍了地铁站的一些信息。比如每位成年人持票可以携带两名五 岁以下儿童乘坐地铁；Farecard 的购买和使用情况；车票的价格；此处，作者还介绍了一些服务部门 的电话号码以方便乘客的需要。 39．细节理解题。据 Metrorall(地铁)部分中的第二段内容 there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $5 in change.可知，自动售卡机只能最多找 5 美元的零钱。易错选 项为 A，文中的 Use it after 9:30 a,m. until closing on weekdays 是使用 farecard 的时间，而不是 farecard machines 售票的时间。故选 D。 40．细节理解题。根据 Hours of service 部分中的 Close midnight Sun — Thur. 3. a.m. Fri — Sat. nights 可知，在周末停运时间是凌晨 3 点。故选 B。 41．细节理解题。根据第三部分对 Metrobus 部分中的 When paying with exact charge , the fare is $1.35.When paying with a SmarTripⓇcard , the fare is 1.25.可知，如果使用 SmarTripⓇcard 的话，乘客 可以节省 0.1 美元。故选 B。 42．细节理解题。根据文章末段内容 If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost &Found at 202-962-1195,可知，如果乘客丢失物品的话可以拨打失物招领处的电话 202-962-1195。故 选 A。 43．B 44．C 45．E 46．A 47．G 【解析】 【分析】 本文属于说明文，介绍了每个人都会做的白日梦，白日梦有不好的方面，但也有很多好的地方。文 章中给出了三条很好的利用其积极面的建议。 43．考查逻辑关系。根据第一段主要说的是大众印象中的白日做梦有哪些弊端，选项在文章前后句 中起到段内逻辑连接的作用。B 项：They stare off into space and wander by themselves．他们凝视着天 空，独自漫步，符合语境，故选 B。 44．考查逻辑例证。本段话锋一转说到了白日做梦其实有着很多的好处．选项前后依然是顺承关系。 C 项：Without wandering minds，we wouldn't have relatively，Coke or Post-it notes．没有恍惚的思绪， 我们将不会有相对论、可乐或者便条．符合文意．故选 C。 45．考查逻辑关系。根据上句 Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams．可知感觉安 全和放松会帮助你进入白日梦。本选项中的 it 指代前句的动名词短语 feeling safe and relaxed，解题 线索明显，故选 E。 46．考查逻辑关系。本段主要讲如何避免不合时宜的白日做梦，A 项：Having interesting things to think about also helps．思考感兴趣的事情也是有帮助的，符合文意。且选项中有 also 为提示词，故选 A。 47．考查逻辑关系。根据上句 Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away．可知你永远不会知道好的想法会什么时候出现，然而可能会慢慢忘记。G 项： Therefore，it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're in the daydream zone．因此，你应该带一个本子随时记，本选项中的逻辑词 Therefore 可为做题线索之一，故选 G。 48．arrived49．before/earlier50．its51．that/which52．paintings53．by 54．is55．conducted56．regularly57．living 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文．文章主要讲述了作者到中国阳朔游玩的经历和感受。 48．考查时态。根据前后文时态可知，本文主要时态为一般过去时，空格处为对过去所发生事情的 一般陈述，而且 arrive 为非延续性动词，故应用一般过去时。故填 arrived。 49．考查副词。句意：几个小时前，我还在香港的家里。空后时态为过去完成时，表示过去的过去， 由此可推断本句陈述在过去某时间以前发生的事情，所以空格处填入 before/earlier 表示“在……之 前”。故填 before/earlier。 50．考查形容词性物主代词。根据所给提示词 it 和空后名词短语，修饰名词短语 choking smog 需用 it 的形容词性物主代词形式 its。故填 its。 51．考查定语从句。本句包含定语从句，先行词为 Li River，在从句中作主语。故填 that/which。 52．考查名词的复数形式。根据前面的 by artists in so many Chinese 可推知，是在中国画作里，由前 面的短语 so many 可知，要用名词复数 paintings。故填 paintings。 53．考查介词。by car 乘汽车，为固定短语。故填 by。 54．考查一般现在时。此句缺少谓语动词，根据句意和后句的时态，可知此处用一般现在时。Yangshuo 为主语，所以系动词为 is。故填 is。 55．考查过去分词作定语。根据后面的 by 可知，A study of travelers 与 conduct 在逻辑上是被动关系， 所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填 conducted。 56．考查副词。arrange 为动词，应由副词 regularly 来修饰。故填 regularly。 57．考查现在分词作定语。live 与 people 之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。 故填 living。 58． 【解析】 文章讲述了上个假期去 Nanxi River 旅游的经过和感受。 1.take—took.考查动词。根据 Last vacation 可知讲述的是过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故 take—took. 2.lie—lies.考查主谓一致。此处表示客观事实，Nanxi River 位于浙江东南。主语 Nanxi River 是单数， 谓语与之一致也用单数，故 lie—lies. 3.去掉 world 后的 to.考查动词形式。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”动词用原形，故去掉 world 后的 to. 4.as—for.考查介词。be known as 表示作为…而出名，be known for 表示因…而出名。此处指这个公园 因为它的古建筑和文化出名，故 as—for. 5.another—other.考查代词。another 表示“另一个”，other“其他的，另外的”。此处修饰后面复数名词 things，指其他的事情，故 another—other. 6.or—and.考查连词。此处是列举令作者难忘的事，special noodles 和 all kinds of fruits 是并列关系， 不是选择关系。故 or—and. 7.deliciously—delicious.考查形容词。此处是感叹句，作系动词 are 的表语用形容词，故 deliciously—delicious. 8.that—which.考查关系代词。定语从句中用于介词后指物，不用 that 要用 which.故 that—which. 9.In 和 word 中间加 a.考查固定短语。in word 表示口头上，表面上，in a word 表示总之，简言之。此 处是最后总结，表示总之。故 In 和 word 中间加 a. 10.funs—fun.考查名词。句中 fun 是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故 funs—fun. 59．Dear Sir/ Madam, I am writing to report the loss of my wallet. On 1st November, 2018 I flew business class on your flight 753 from China to London. I clearly remember it was with me immediately I boarded the plane. However, on arrival in London Heathrow Airport, I found it gone. I guess it must have slipped out of my pocket during the flight. It is a black leather one with around 200 dollars, my ID card, and 2 credit cards in it. Along with the items mentioned above, the wallet contains a family photo, my precious memory. As you can imagine, these matter a lot to me. Has anybody happened to find it? Please email me at xxx@googlemail.com Thank you for your time and support. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇考查的写作类型是求助信 【详解】 第一步：根据提示可知，本文是一封求助信。李华乘坐 FL753 航班抵达伦教后发现钱包遗失，要求 给航空公司写一封邮件说明情况并寻求帮助。内容包括：1.行程信息；2. 钱包特征；3. 联系方式。 第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词（组），如：I am writing to report the loss of my wallet. boarded the plane, on arrival…, I found it gone. it must have……Has anybody happened to find it? Thank you for your time and support. 第三步：根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。时态以一般现在时为 主，一般过去时为辅。 第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持 整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】 【高分句型 1】 What’s worse, my cash, ID card, and 2 credit cards were in it. 更糟的是，里面有我的现金，身份证和两 张信用卡。What’s worse 意为“更糟糕的是”，连接并列两个坏的东西，且后面一个更严重。 【高分句型 2】 I’d appreciate it if you could help me to get it back. 如果你能帮我把它拿回来，我会很感激的。I’d appreciate it if…如果……我会很感激的。