【英语】2019-2020学年二轮复习英语新考势突破检测：16　阅读理解——细节理解题作业

【英语】2019-2020学年二轮复习英语新考势突破检测：16　阅读理解——细节理解题作业

课时作业16　阅读理解——细节理解题 ‎(建议用时　25分钟)‎ A ‎(2019年山西省五市高三期末联考)‎ Kirby‎ Wildlife ‎Park‎ — Keeper Experience Due to the large number of inquiries from people interested in working with animals, Kirby Wildlife Park has set up the unique “Keeper Experience” package.The fantastic experience is available to anyone over the age of 18 who is reasonably fit.We regret that for health and safety reasons, participants who are pregnant, in a wheelchair or suffering from illnesses cannot take part.‎ A typical day ‎9：15　　　　　Arrival ‎9：30 Health and Safety Briefing ‎10：00 Apes and Monkeys While cleaning out the enclosure (围场) you will find out about how enclosures are enriched with novel items and new smells to stimulate (刺激) the animals' senses and imitate their natural environment.‎ ‎12：00 Lunch ‎14：00 Big Cats On the highlight of most volunteers' day, you will feed the cats and ‎ learn about their nutritional needs.The keeper will give you an introduction to how cat behaviour can be read to get an idea of their welfare and health.‎ ‎16：30 Meet the Team Meet more of the staff and learn how you can get further involved with work at the park.Learn about our animal adoption plan, what it takes to be a good keeper and where to obtain the right qualifications for a career in animal welfare.‎ Booking and cancellation The Keeper Experience is available on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays throughout the year, and must be booked at least two weeks in advance.Full payment is needed when booking.‎ Cancellations must be made more than fourteen days before the event, or you won't receive a full refund.‎ ‎1．What kind of people can experience working with animals in Kirby Wildlife Park?‎ A．A boy over 18 sitting in a wheelchair. ‎ B．A man who is quite healthy.‎ C．A woman carrying a baby in her arms. ‎ D．A girl under the age of 18.‎ ‎2．When can you know something about an animal adoption plan?‎ A．At 12：00. B．At 9：30.‎ C．At 10：00. D．At 16：30.‎ ‎3．What is the requirement of cancelling a booking of the Keeper Experience?‎ A．The cancelling is available on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.‎ B．Anyone can cancel a booking throughout the year.‎ C．A booking must be cancelled over two weeks before the event.‎ D．You can cancel a booking with a full refund at any time.‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：本文为应用文。主要叙述了在Kirby野生动物园的动物管理员的体验。‎ ‎1．B　细节理解题。根据第一段The fantastic experience is available to anyone over the age of 18 who is reasonably fit.We regret that for health and safety reasons, participants who are pregnant, in a wheelchair or suffering from illnesses cannot take part.可知“18岁以上的身体健康的任何人能有这种奇妙的体验。遗憾的是，因为健康和安全的原因，怀孕、坐轮椅或患病的不能参加”。fit与healthy是同义词，意为“健康的”。由此可知，“只有身体健康的人才可能”，B项符合题意，故选B。‎ ‎2．D　细节理解题。根据“A typical day”部分中的“16：30 Meet the Team”的下面一段中的“Learn about our animal adoption plan，”可知16：30时，见到更多的工作人员，了解动物收养计划。分析选项可知 D项符合题意，故选D。‎ ‎3．C　细节理解题。根据“Booking and cancellation”部分中的“Cancellations must be made more than fourteen days before the event, or you won't receive a full refund.”可知要“取消预订必须在活动开始前14天内完成，否则您将无法获得全额退款”，分析选项可知C项(提前两周取消预订)符合题意，故选C。‎ B ‎(2019年广东省佛山市顺德区高三质量检测)‎ Everything has its root.“Holiday”， is no exception.The origin of “holiday” is easy to see, coming from “holy day”， a day of particular religious significance, often celebrating the life of a saint (圣徒), during which no work was to be done.As far back as the 11th century, “holidays”， especially the major feast days, were times of “celebration and amusement”， as the Oxford English Dictionary puts it.‎ The number of holidays steadily increased during the Middle Ages, until a medieval Englishman would have had the luxury of 40 to 50 days a year off work, depending on where he lived, in addition to a free day on Sundays.‎ During the Reformation, Henry VIII abolished most of the holidays partly because of the Protestant (新教徒的) suspicion of saints, but more practically, because, according to historian Eamon Duffy, “A large number of holidays were making the people poor by limiting agriculture.”‎ ‎ The people took a different view and organized a protest march—the Pilgrimage of Grace—partly to protect their days off.‎ Though at first the religious and festive senses of holiday were combined, the word gradually came to be used for any kind of relaxing break from work.As the word was drawing away from a religious society, the number of authorized holidays was reduced, until by 1834 most workers had only four official days off a year, in addition to Sundays.Many factory workers amplified this time by staying home on “Saint Monday” to recover from what they had gotten up to the day before.‎ By the late 19th century, employers were compromising and offering halfday Saturdays, the beginning of the “weekend”， a term first used in 1879.In 1908, an innovative mill in New England gave its employees all of Saturday off, and the practice of their getting the whole Saturday off spread widely during the Great Depression as a way to keep employment up.It took 400 years, but finally workers could enjoy as many holidays as they had in the 15th century.‎ ‎1．What was the word “holiday” originally intended for?‎ A．Economy. B．Entertainment.‎ C．Religion. D．Politics.‎ ‎2．What's the main reason for Henry VIII's ending most holidays according to Eamon Duffy?‎ A．His people required a thorough reformation.‎ B．He didn't believe in God and saints.‎ C．People took no interest in the agriculture due to them.‎ D．Large numbers of holidays stood in the way of the agriculture.‎ ‎3．Which can best replace the underlined word “amplified” in Paragraph 4?‎ A．Lengthened. B．Wasted.‎ C．Shortened. D．Guaranteed.‎ ‎4．When did most employees get the whole Saturday off?‎ A．In 1879. ‎ B．During the Great Depression.‎ C．In 1908. ‎ D．In the 15th century.‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：这是一篇说明文。主要说明了节日所经历的变革和演变过程。‎ ‎1．C　细节理解题。第一段第二句“The origin of ‘holiday’ is easy to see, coming from ‘holy day’， a day of particular religious significance...”可知“holiday”的起源很容易看出，来源于“holy day”，一个具有特殊宗教意义的日子，故选C。‎ ‎2．D　细节理解题。第三段倒数第二句“A large number of holidays were making the people poor by limiting agriculture.”可知Henry ‎ VIII废除大部分节日是因为大量的假期限制了农业生产，使人们变得贫穷。故选D。‎ ‎3．A　词义猜测题。根据画线部分句子“Many factory workers amplified this time by staying home on ‘Saint Monday’ to recover from what they had gotten up to the day before.”句意：许多工厂工人在“圣周一”这天呆在家里，从前一天的劳累中恢复过来，从而延长了这段时间。可知amplified意思为“延长”，故选A。‎ ‎4．B　细节理解题。最后一段倒数第二句“In 1908, an innovative mill in New England gave its employees all of Saturday off, and the practice of their getting the whole Saturday off spread widely during the Great Depression as a way to keep employment up.”可知周六全天休息始于大萧条时期，故选B。‎ C ‎(2019年山西省五市高三期末联考)‎ Scientists have recreated a 1985 study of birds in Peru that shows climate change is pushing them from their natural environment.Thirty years ago, researchers studied over 400 kinds of birds living on a mountainside in Peru.In 2017, researchers looked again at the bird populations.They found that almost all had moved to higher places in the mountain.Almost all had decreased in size.And, the scientists say at least eight bird groups that started at the higher elevations (高地) had died out completely.‎ The researchers say the birds might have moved up the mountain because of temperature changes.Or changes to food sources may have forced them to go higher.The findings were published in a science journal.The 1985 research has documented birds and other animals moving up in elevation in reaction to warming temperatures.Mark Urban, a biologist at a university, said this recent study was the first to prove that rising temperatures and moving to avoid them can lead to extinction.‎ In 2016, Fitzpatrick, director and a cowriter of the study passed his notes, photos and other records to Benjamin Freeman.Freeman has been researching tropical birds for more than 10 years.He set out in August and September of 2017 to copy Fitzpatrick's study.His team used the same methods, searching the same places in the same time of year.‎ Freeman's team wanted to see how things had changed for the bird groups since 1985.The average temperatures on the mountain had risen 0.42 degrees Celsius.His team placed 20 sound recording devices on the mountain to record the sounds of birds that might not easily be seen.‎ Freeman said that the birds moved an average of 98 meters further up the mountain.He believes that temperature is the main cause of the birds' movement.Fitzpatrick noted that birds used to living in areas with little temperature change may be especially at risk because of climate change.He said, “We should expect that what's happening on this mountain top is happening more generally in the Andes, and other ‎ tropical mountain ranges.”‎ ‎1．How many kinds of birds lived in Peru 30 years ago?‎ A．At least eight bird groups.‎ B．More than 400.‎ C．Over eight bird groups.‎ D．Less than 400.‎ ‎2．Why did the birds move up the mountain?‎ A．To avoid temperature changes.‎ B．To find more food sources.‎ C．To adapt to extreme temperature.‎ D．To react to the increase of other kinds of animals.‎ ‎3．How did Freeman and his team record the sound of birds not easily being seen?‎ A．They had the temperature rise 0.42 degrees Celsius.‎ B．They moved an average of 98 meters further up the mountain.‎ C．They placed 20 sound recording devices on the mountain.‎ D．They kept on listening to the sound happening on this mountain top.‎ ‎4．What is the main idea of the text?‎ A．Two teams used the same methods to do researches.‎ B．Scientists documented birds and other animals moving up in elevation.‎ C．Scientists have been researching tropical birds for more than 10 years.‎ D．Rising temperature made almost all birds in Peru become extinct.‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：本文为说明文。主要叙述了科学家再现了1985年在秘鲁进行的一项鸟类研究，这次研究表明气候变化正在迫使山上的鸟类离开它们生活的自然环境，导致山地鸟类或因气候变暖而灭绝。‎ ‎1．B　细节理解题。第一段中的“Thirty years ago, researchers studied over 400 kinds of birds living on a mountainside in Peru.”可知，30年前，研究人员研究了秘鲁山上400多种鸟类。分析选项可知B符合题意，故选B。‎ ‎2．A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The researchers say the birds might have moved up the mountain because of temperature changes.Or changes to food sources may have forced them to go higher.”可知， 这些鸟可能是因为温度变化而上山的。或者食物来源的改变可能迫使他们走到山的高处。分析选项可知A(避免温度变化)符合题意。有可能误选B(找到更多的食物来源)根据文章可知是“食物源的改变”而不是“找到更多的食物源”。因此A为正确答案。‎ ‎3．C　细节理解题。根据第四段“His team placed 20 sound recording devices on the mountain to record the sounds of birds that might not easily be seen.”可知，他的团队在山上放置了20个录音设备来记录那些不容易被看到的鸟类的声音。分析选项可知C符合题意，故选C。‎ ‎4．C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要叙述了科学家们已经研究热带鸟类10多年了，发现秘鲁山地鸟类或因气候变暖而灭绝。故C正确。A只是一个细节，故不能选。文章只是研究鸟类没有研究其他动物，故B错误。根据文章可知，秘鲁山地鸟群因气温变化导致灭绝而非秘鲁所有的鸟，故D是错的。综合分析可知C正确。‎