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专题07+阅读理解推理判断题(冲关模拟训练)-备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈
备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈 专题07 冲关模拟训练 题组一 Passage1(2018届河北省邯郸一中石家庄一中张家口一中保定一中唐山一中高三模拟) 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 丹麦语hygge 242 ★★★☆☆ 5分钟 Imagine this scene: it’s blowing outside, and you snuggle (蜷伏) up on the sofa under a warm quilt, chatting and recalling with your closest friends. That content, cosy feeling has a name in Danish —hygge. And, as Denmark recently won the title of “the happiest country in the world”, the concept of hygge is known to more and more people interested in finding ways to understand this concept. Hygge —originally from a Norwegian word meaning well-being — doesn’t have an exact equivalent (等同物) in English. It’s often translated as coziness, or as blogger Anna West told the BBC, “coziness of the soul”. But, as professor Maren Spark explains, “Hygge was never meant to be translated. It was meant to be felt.” Basically, hygge involves creating a warm, cosy atmosphere and enjoying it with your loved ones. Danish winters are long and dark and so achieving hygge is particularly relevant during this season. A typical Hygge activity during winter could be enjoying delicious homemade food and light-hearted conversation with friends —preferably in the warm glow of candlelight, or maybe sipping a glass of wine in the hot tub after a day spent skiing. However, hygge isn’t only limited to the cold winter months —it can also describe that warm, fuzzy feeling you get after a walk through a forest with friends on summer’s day or a family barbecue in the park. Hygge is meant to be shared. 1.The author asks the readers to imagine the scene in the first paragraph to_________ . A. help the readers to calm down B. introduce the topic of the passage C. present the main idea of the passage D. remind the readers of their past memories 2.What do the underlined words by Maren Spark mean? A. The translation of the word “hygge” is not good enough. B. Only Danish speakers know what “hygge” means. C. “Hygge” is easy to translate but hard to feel. D. We can get the true meaning of “hygge” by feeling it. 3.Which of the following can be best described as a “hygge” activity? A. Skiing in the cold winter months. B. Living through long dark winters. C. Taking afternoon tea with friends. D. Walking alone in the forest. 4.The author writes this passage to_________. A. explain B. persuade C. comment D. advertise 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,举例说明丹麦语hygge只可意会不可言传,需要用心去感受。 1.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段首句“That content, cosy feeling has a name in Danish —hygge.”可知,作者让读者想想这样舒适的场景就是为了引出hygge这一话题。 2.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据画线部分前的“doesn’t have an exact equivalent in English.”可知,画线部分的意思是hygge只可意会不可言传。 4.A 【解析】写作意图题。根据文章内容可知,文章通过举例说明hygge只可意会不可言传,所以本文是为了解释丹麦语hygge的意思。 Passage2(2018届江西省分宜、会昌、莲花、南城、任弼时、瑞金、遂川中学高三联考) 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 希望Peter要讲诚信 316 ★★★☆☆ 6分钟 One cold day last November, my wife and I came home from work to a sick young daughter and we decided to stay at home for the night. Problem was, we had two tickets to see Miranda July, the performance artist, being interviewed at the Herbst Theatre. We decided to sell them online for $50. One hour before the event, a guy named Peter called me and said he wanted to buy the tickets. Since the time was limited, I told Peter to pay me the next day. Peter seemed touched and we said a fond goodbye. However, a month later, Peter still didn’t pay me back. A few more weeks passed. Another month. There’d been one e-mail promising to mail the check, then silence. Maybe he was having a hard time, I thought. But truth was, Peter seemed to be having a pretty normal time. According to the pictures and messages on his Facebook, he had been playing golf, dancing happily with his friends, and traveling on a boat. But he just refused to answer my calls, or reply to my e-mails or messages. So I tried reaching him with my wife’s phone one night. And he didn’t pick up when I called,but texted right back, playfully wondering who might be calling him. “You should go to his office,”my wife said, “He would have to give you the money if all his coworkers were watching.” But I didn’t want to become a debt collector. My efforts to reach Peter over these months had been light and I wanted to keep it that way. My initial exchange with Peter had been just two regular people agreeing to handle things humanly. There was a rare niceness in that, and I still wanted to keep that balloon in the air, however disappointing it was starting to look. I wanted to believe we could still trust each other. 1.For what reason did the author and his wife decide to sell the ticket? A. They thought it was too cold that night. B. They needed to look after their daughter. C. They wanted to save some money. D. They were going to be interviewed. 2.On the night the author sold his tickets to Peter, he________. A. knew he might not get the $50. B. felt a little hesitant. C. thought he could trust Peter. D. was moved by Peter’s kindness. 3.Why didn’t Peter pay the author back? A. Because he didn’t remember it. B. Because he was too busy to pay. C. Because he didn’t want to pay. D. Because he was having a tough time. 4.What can we infer about the author? A. He would never trust strangers. B. He might call the police for help. C. He would go to Peter’s office to talk to him. D. He still hoped Peter would pay him back. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在网上把两张票卖给Peter,而Peter却迟迟不给钱,作者仍然希望Peter要讲诚信。 1.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“my wife and I came home from work to a sick young daughter and we decided to stay at home for the night.”可知,作者和妻子决定卖掉票是为了在家照顾生病的女儿。 2.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I wanted to believe we could still trust each other.”可知,卖给Peter票的时候,作者觉得应该相信他。 4.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There was a rare niceness in that, and I still wanted to keep that balloon in the air, however disappointing it was starting to look. I wanted to believe we could still trust each other.”可知,作者仍然希望Peter把那两票钱还给作者。 Passage3(2018届山东省师大附中高三第三次模拟考试) 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 父母的教育与期望值 288 ★★★☆☆ 5分钟 In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child: This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Patents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child’s own happiness. As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they teach, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment. 1.Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills ______. A. should be avoided B.is universal among parents C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child D. will make him lose interest in learning new things 2.In the process of children’s learning new skills, parents ______. A. should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read B. should not expect too much of them C. should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own D. should create as many learning opportunities as possible 3.The second paragraph mainly tells us that ______. A. parents should be strict with their children B. parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community C. parental restrictions vary, and are not always intended for the benefit of the children alone D. parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation 4.In moral matters, parents should _______. A. observe the rules themselves B.be aware of the marked difference between adults and children C. forbid things which have no foundation in morality D. consistently ensure the security of their children 【文章大意】在孩子的成长过程中,父母的教育与期望值要有一个“度”,不能揠苗助长;同时,父母也要以身作则,为孩子树立一个榜样。 1.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段开头的“In bringing up children,every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill”可知,既然是每位父母都会这样做,那么这种做法在父母中就是普遍的,故选B。 3.C 【解析】主旨大意题。文章第二段的大意是“父母对孩子的严格程度有很大的不同”。故选C。 4.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段第四句“If they are not sincere and do not practice…”及文章最后一段可以得出结论,关于道德教育问题,父母应该以身作则,做孩子的好榜样,故选A。 Passage4(2017届福建省永春一中、培元中学、季延中学、石光中学高三联考) 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 观其行知其人 272 ★★★☆☆ 6分钟 It's generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes. They recycle their garbage because they care about the environment. They pay $5 for a caramel brulée latte because they like expensive coffee drinks. It's undeniable that behavior comes from our inner dispositions(性情),but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bem, by observing our own behavior. We can be strangers to ourselves. If we knew our own minds, why would we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes. Actually, we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are. Moreover, we don't just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character — we infer characters that weren't there before. Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize. Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn't. Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us. We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition. Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people become what they do, though it may not be in compliance(符合) with their true desires. Therefore, we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonnegut's advice: "We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be." 1.According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are commonly believed to . A. determine one's behavior B. reflect one's taste C. influence one's surroundings D. result from one's habits 2.Which of the following would Daryl Bem most probably agree with? A. The return of a wallet can indicate one's honesty. B.A kind person will offer his seat to the old. C. One recycles plastics to protect the environment. D. One buys latte out of true love of coffee. 3.What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the passage? A. We fail to realize our inner dispositions. B. We can be influenced by outside pressures. C. Our behavior is the result of our true desires. D. Our characters can shape our social relationships. 4.What does the author mainly discuss in the passage? A. Personalities and attitudes. B. Preferences and habits. C. Behavior and personalities. D. Attitudes and preferences. 【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。观其行知其人,那么行为又是由什么来决定的呢? 1.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据文章第一段的第一句话可知答案。人们通常认为性格和态度决定一个人的行为。故选A。 3.B 【解析】考查推理判断。画线部分实际上是一个例子,例子前面往往是观点,因此根据画线部分前一句可知答案。我们有时候会受到外界压力的影响。故选B。 4.C 【解析】考查主旨大意。全文主要阐述的是人的行为和性格的关系,所以选择C项。 题组二 Passage1(2017届河南豫南九校高三下期质量考评) 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 北京的四个博物馆 303 ★★★☆☆ 5分钟 A guide to Beijing museums during Spring Festival The Capital Museum The Beijing Capital Museum is presenting a special monkey-themed exhibition that decodes the cultural roots of the monkey in traditional Chinese culture. The exhibit shows more than 40 antique collections, including paintings, calligraphy, stamps, and 12 classic Monkey King pictures based on the great Chinese novel, Journey to the West. The museum also prepared a series of cultural activities for children, such as making paper-cuts for window decoration and painting monkeys. The National Museum of China Pasting Spring Festival couplets too doors is a traditional custom in Chinese culture. An exhibition Calligraphy Art of Couplets for the Year of the Money is ongoing, with more than 30 calligraphers’ couplet pieces on display. A major exhibition, Treasures of Romania, showcasing Romania’s history from the pre-historical period to the end of the 18th century, is still underway. National Art Museum of China The 2016 New Year show, National Art Exhibition of the Great Unity of China is a visual feast that will last until March 7. The works reflect the reality that people of all nationalities in China unite as one and jointly construct a moderately prosperous society. The works also highlight their positive mental attitude and present their picturesque and colorful national customs. Zhoukoudian Relies Museum A Spring Festival folk custom culture exhibition will introduce traditional Spring Festival customs in detail. Visitors can enjoy nearly 100 precious exhibits from the late Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)and Minguo Era(1912-1949), including New Year paintings and musical instruments. Children can also take part in the treasure hunt games organized by the museum, watch 4D movies and experience the primitive way of hunting fishing and chipping stone tools in the science experience pavilion. 1. In which column of the newspaper may this article appear? A. Travel B. Business C. Lifestyle D. Culture 2. Which of the following statement is True according to the article? A. The 40 antique collections in the Capital Museum are based on Journey to the West. B. All four museums provide exhibits of traditional Spring Festival customs C. Children can be involved in some activities about the primitive life in Zhoukoudian Relics Museum D. Visitors can appreciate exhibits of Minguo Era in National Art Museum of China 3. Which one is the best choice among the four museums for visitors who’d like to enjoy history of both China and foreign countries? A. The National Museum of China B. Zhoukoudian Relics Museum C. The Capital Museum D. National Art Museum of China 【文章大意】春节期间北京博物馆指南。本文共介绍了北京的四个博物馆,介绍了传统的文化,中外历史等内容。 1.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据本文题目A guide to Beijing museums during Spring Festival春节期间北京博物馆指南。本文共介绍了北京的四个博物馆,介绍了传统的文化,中外历史等,可知文章应该出现在报纸的文化专栏,故选D。 3.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据The National Museum of China中的Pasting Spring Festival couplets too doors is a traditional custom in Chinese culture. An exhibition Calligraphy Art of Couplets for the Year of the Money is ongoing, with more than 30 calligraphers’ couplet pieces on display. A major exhibition, Treasures of Romania, showcasing Romania’s history from the pre-historical period to the end of the 18th century, is still underway.可知,欣赏中外历史的最佳博物馆应该是The National Museum of China,故选A。 Passage2(2017届山西省实验中学高三年级模考 ) 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 作者和两个女孩骑马比赛 357 ★★★☆☆ 6分钟 Taylore is a kid who passes by to ride sometimes and help us with chores. Barely 15, she’s never short of advice, and one of her favorite pastimes is teasing me about being afraid to go too fast on a horse. Last summer four of us rode down the trail behind our woods: my wife Karen, Taylore, Taylore’s friend Kendall and me. I was riding my 13-year-old, Tawny. We were two miles from home when, for some unexplainable reason, I pushed Tawny into a gallop(飞驰). The other horses were anxious to catch up, and just like that, the race was on. Taylore brushed past my left leg and, seconds later, Kendall went by on my right. I realized Tawny was covering ground faster than I’d ever seen her. She strained every muscle in her body to catch up with the girls. It was like a truck winding over a mountain road without brakes (闸). Part of me felt perfectly in control, while another part screamed that I wasn’t. In half a mile I knew we’d be crossing the highway, so I prayed that the girls would be fine. I gave up calculating how long it might take before my horse would be tried enough to want to slow down. I was just about out of answers when I saw the girls slowing in front of me. Their horses were relaxed and comfortable, not even breathing hard. Taylore’s face glowed. She gave me a high five. "Wow, you did well, "she said. " I knew you’d go fast when you were ready." No one in the group had even broken a sweat, except me. I was still nervous from the crazy pace. My heart pounded too, but not from exercise. Karen claims I was showing off for the girls that day, and maybe she’s right. But I think I had something to prove. Because despite my wrinkles (皱纹), glasses and gray hair, I was feeling young at heart. And, like a horse on a warm summer day, I’m always ready to kick up my heels. 1. How did the race between the girls and the author begin? A. His horse’s gallop made the other horses want to catch up. B. He wanted to show off his riding skills for the girls. C. They wanted to know whose horse could run fastest. D. They teased him about being afraid to go too fast on a horse. 2. During the race, ___________. A. the author’s horse outran the girl’s horses the whole time B. the author was confident that Tawny was in control C. the girls were so anxious to win that they sweated a lot D. the author’s good performance took Taylore by surprise 3. When the race ended, the author’s heart pounded because ________. A. he was feeling thrilled and young B. it was really tough exercise for him C. he was worried that the girls might be in danger D. he felt quite embarrassed that he had lost the race 4. The phrase " kick up my heels" at the end can be replaced by _________. A. devote myself B. enjoy myself C. accept my challenge D. take part in running competition 【文章大意】文章描述作者和两个女孩骑马比赛,这让作者感到兴奋,也感到虽然自己上了年纪,但是有一颗年轻的心。 1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的句子"We were two miles from home when, for some unexplainable reason,I pushed Tawny into a gallop(飞驰). The other horses were anxious to catch up, and just like that, the race was on."可知,作者的马飞驰起来使得其它马想要赶上。故选A。 3. A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的句子"I was still nervous from the crazy pace. My heart pounded too, but not from exercise. …Because despite my wrinkles (皱纹), glasses and gray hair, I was feeling young at heart."可知,比赛结束的时候,作者的心狂跳因为他感觉兴奋而且年轻。故选A。 4. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的句子"like a horse on a warm summer day,"可知,作者感觉 自己像温暖夏日的马,总是准备好享受一番。故选B。 Passage3(2017届广东省湛江市一中模考) ) 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 美国总统特朗普 315 ★★★☆☆ 6分钟 Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946), is an American businessman and politician who became the President-elect of the United States on November 8, 2016. Since 1971 he has chaired The Trump Organization, the principal holding company for his real estate ventures and other business interests. During his business career, Trump has built office towers, hotels, casinos, golf courses, and other branded facilities worldwide. Trump was born and raised in New York City and received a bachelor’s degree in economics from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1968. In 1971, he was given control of his father Fred Trump’s real estate and construction firm. Trump has appeared at the Miss USA pageants, which he owned from 1996 to 2015, and has made cameo appearances in films and television series. Trump and his businesses, as well as his three marriages, have received prominent media exposure. He hosted a popular NBC reality show, The Apprentice, from 2004 to 2015. As of 2016, he was listed by Forbes as the 324th wealthiest person in the world, and 156th in the United States, with a net worth of $3.7 billion in October 2016. Trump first campaigned for the U.S. presidency in 2000, winning two Reform Party primaries. On June 16, 2015, Trump again announced his candidacy for president, this time as a Republican. Trump became known for his opposition to illegal immigration and free trade agreements, as well as his frequently non-interventionist views on foreign policy, and quickly emerged as the Republican nomination front-runner. As of March 23, 2016, Trump has won 21 contests in the 2016 Republican presidential primaries. He was elected as the 45th U.S. president in the 2016 election on the Republican ticket, defeating Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton, and is scheduled to take office on January 20, 2017. At 70 years old, he will be the oldest person to ever assume the presidency. 1. This passage is mostly probably taken from __________. A. a story book B. a biography book C. a science book D. an advertisement 2. Where is Donald Trump’s hometown? A. London B. Paris C. New York D. Beijing 3. From the passage, we can know that Donald Trump was _________. A. wealthy and sucessful B. intelligent but mean C. good-tempered and tolerant D. forgetful and sensitive 4. We can learn from the passage that _________. A. Donald Trump is only successful in business field. B. Donald Trump was born in a poor family. C. Donald Trump is in favor of illegal immigration. D. Donald Trump will be the oldest president of the United States. 【文章大意】本文为人物传记。文章中主要介绍了美国总统特朗普。 1. B【解析】文章出处题。通读全文可知,本文介绍的是美国新当选的总统特朗普。由此可推知,本文极可 能来自与一本人物传记。故选B。 2. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Trump was born and raised in New York City…"可知,特朗普的 家乡是纽约。故选C。 4. D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"At 70 years old, he will be the oldest person to ever assume the presidency."可推知,特朗普将是历任美国总统中年龄最大的一位。故选D。 Passage 4(2017届 四川省四市高三上学期第一次诊断考试) 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 购买药品时节省钱的项目 249 ★★★★☆ 5分钟 We know that prescription drugs can be costly and we’re here to help. Over 60 ,000 independent and major retail pharmacies(零售药房)nationwide accept the Simple Savings Card. Find one near you. ●Simply download a free card from our site or choose to have one mailed directly to you. The process is simple and, because it’s not insurance, everyone is eligible—there’s no qualification process. ●Print your Simple Savings Card and sign it. Now it’s ready to use. ●Present your card with your next prescription purchase and save up to $600! Store your card and use it for each prescription purchase. Because of our size and relationships within the pharmaceutical industry, we are able to negotiate lower prices on your behalf. We get paid by the pharmaceutical companies when you use your card. Please note that you cannot use both your insurance card and the Simple Savings Card at the same time. If you have an insurance plan that covers the prescription you are purchasing, we recommend you use your insurance plan first. If you don’t have insurance or if the drug you are purchasing is not covered by your insurance plan, you can use your Simple Savings Card. You are just steps away from unlocking great savings on your prescription drugs. Simply complete the form to obtain your FREE Simple Savings Card. Or, you may request a card by phone. To speak to one of our helpful team members, call us at 800-451-0133. 1. The details given on this form mainly tell us_________. A. how the Card works B. how the Card discounts C. how the Card can be free D. how the card is purchased 2. Which of the following is advised to use the Card? A. The one who has no insurance plan. B. The one who can find pharmaies near him. C. The one who has a wide insurance coverage. D. The one who wants to use the card with his insurance. 3. Which is true about the Simple Savings Card? A. It is health insurance. B. It is a discount program. C. It can be used with insurance car. D. It is accepted in hospitals. 【文章大意】本文为介绍说明文。文章介绍了一项能帮助人们在购买药品时节省钱的项目。 1. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章所给的细节可知,此处在介绍如何得到和使用Simple Savings Card。故 选A。 3. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的"We know that prescription drugs can be costly and we’re here to help"及倒数第一段中的"You are just steps away from unlocking great savings on your prescription drugs."可推知,这是一个打折项目,能帮助人们省钱。故选B。查看更多