【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空专题训练之五（含有解析）学案（15页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空专题训练之五（含有解析）学案（15页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习 短文语法填空专题训练之五 ‎【1】‎ Nearly all of us have dreamed about winning the big prize in a lottery (彩票).We dream about __61__we would do with the money, but we __62__(rare) stop to think about how the money would change us.‎ For most of us, our way of life is closely linked __63__our economic circumstances.The different parts of our lives fit together like a jigsaw (拼图)—work, home, friends, hobbies, and sports make __64__our world.A sudden fortune would change it all and break the jigsaw.For example, most people like the idea of not __65__(have) to work, but winners have found that without work there is no reason to get up in the morning.It seems great __66__(move) to a bigger house in a(n) __67__(wealth) area, but if you do that, you leave old friends behind.‎ Usually, winners __68__(advise) not to publicize their addresses and phone numbers, but begging letters still arrive.__69__they are not careful, most of their money will be spent on the __70__(protect) of their homes and swimming pools and their mental health!‎ 答案　61.what　[考查连接词。设空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作动词do的宾语，故填what。]‎ ‎62.rarely　[考查副词。设空处修饰动词stop，故填rarely。]‎ ‎63.to/with　[考查介词。be linked to/with是固定短语，意为“与……有联系”。]‎ ‎64.up　[考查副词。make up意为“组成，构成”。]‎ ‎65.having　[考查动词－ing形式作宾语的用法。介词后面要跟动词－ing形式。]‎ ‎66.to move　[考查不定式作主语的用法。It在此是形式主语，故用不定式短语作真实主语。]‎ ‎67.wealthy　[考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处修饰名词area，故填wealthy。]‎ ‎68.are advised　[考查一般现在时的被动语态。从全文的时态可知，此处应是一般现在时，并且winners和advise之间是被动关系，所以用are advised。]‎ ‎69.If/When　[考查连词。设空处引导条件状语从句，故填If/When。]‎ ‎70.protection　[考查名词。设空处前有the，故应用protect的名词形式。]‎ ‎【2】‎ If you’ve always felt that you look __1__(attractive) in videos than ‎ you do in photographs, you’re not alone.A recent study __2__(do) by researchers at UC Davis and Harvard has found this to be true.It turns out that looking attractive in photos isn’t easy due to __3__the researchers are calling the “frozen face effect.”‎ In the study, university __4__(volunteer) were asked to watch 20 videos of various faces, after__5__they were given 20 stills pulled from the videos they had just watched.When they were then asked to rank the imagery based __6__attractiveness, the videos consistently ranked higher than the corresponding stills.The researchers even __7__(try) giving the subjects a series of photos shown as a group, but regardless, the video ranked higher—__8__(apparent) we humans like moving faces.‎ Maybe a portrait (人像) photographer’s most prized skill has to do with bringing out __9__best in people or photoshop; but in reality it may just be the ability __10__(overcome) the “frozen face effect.”‎ 答案　1.more attractive　[考查形容词的比较级。由than可知应填attractive的比较级。]‎ ‎2.done　[考查过去分词作定语的用法。do与study之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且do所表示的动作已完成，故填done。]‎ ‎3.what　[考查连接词。设空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作calling的宾语，故填what。]‎ ‎4.volunteers　[考查名词。由were可知主语是复数名词，故填volunteers。]‎ ‎5.which　[考查关系词。faces后面是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，且设空处指代整个主句的内容，故填which。]‎ ‎6.on/upon　[考查介词。(be) based on/upon意为“根据”。]‎ ‎7.tried　[考查一般过去时。try所表示的动作发生在过去，故填tried。]‎ ‎8.apparently　[考查副词。设空处修饰整个句子，故填apparently。]‎ ‎9.the　[考查定冠词。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。]‎ ‎10.to overcome　[考查不定式作定语的用法。ability后需跟不定式作定语，故填to overcome。]‎ ‎【3】‎ Every August my family sets out on a road trip.And we always head north.Canada may not be the most exciting of destinations, but we __1__(attract) by its familiarity, cool weather and, most of all, niceness.‎ We experience Canadian niceness as soon as we reach customs.The US border guards are __2__(friendly) and all business.The Canadians, on __3__contrary, are unfailingly polite, even as they question us __4__the ‎ number of wine bottles we’re bringing into the country.One year, we had failed __5__(notice) that our 9－year－old daughter’s passport was out of date.They, nicely, let us enter anyway.The niceness continues for our entire trip, as we meet nice __6__(waiter), nice hotel clerks, nice strangers.‎ Life is hard enough.Why not coat it with politeness? Politeness, at its best, is a way of __7__(honour) others, especially strangers.Politeness makes social interactions run __8__(smooth) and reduces the risk of conflicts.The world, I think, would be a better place if we __9__(be) all a bit more Canadian.Fortunately, Canadian niceness is contagious (有感染力的).On my annual northern trip, I find __10__(I) slowing down, saying “thank you” and “please” more often than I usually do.‎ 答案　1.are attracted　[考查一般现在时的被动语态。we与attract之间是被动关系，且从全文时态可知应填are attracted。]‎ ‎2.unfriendly　[考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处作表语且由all business可知设空处意为“不友好的”，故填unfriendly。]‎ ‎3.the　[考查定冠词。on the contrary意为“正相反”。]‎ ‎4.about　[考查介词。question sb about sth意为“询问某人某事”。]‎ ‎5.to notice　[考查不定式作宾语的用法。fail后需跟不定式作宾语，故填to notice。]‎ ‎6.waiters　[考查名词。设空处前有nice修饰，且与hotel clerks和strangers并列，故填waiters。]‎ ‎7.honouring　[考查动词－ing形式作宾语的用法。介词后需跟动词－ing形式作宾语，故填honouring。]‎ ‎8.smoothly　[考查副词。设空处修饰动词run，故填smoothly。]‎ ‎9.were　[考查虚拟语气。由would be可知，这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，故条件从句中用were。]‎ ‎10.myself　[考查代词。主语与宾语指的是同一个人，故填myself。]‎ ‎【4】‎ Whether you want to go to high school, work for CCTV, or seek more advanced education in the United States, a strong writing ability in English is __61__(great) desirable.It would not only help you serve the country better, __62__create many more opportunities in today’s exciting social, cultural, and economic life.‎ Almost all American colleges and universities require __63__least one term of a writing program, __64__is usually reading and writing and expects a lot from the students.Most colleges also require students __65__(take) one or two more advanced reading and writing courses.Besides English, almost all social science courses include a ‎ considerable amount of writing, in __66__form of term papers, research projects, or essay exams.Many __67__(nature) science professors also like to have a writing part in __68__(they) course requirements.It’s reasonable to say that writing often __69__(decide) the grade a student will get from a course; it sometimes makes the __70__(different) between A or B, pass or fail.‎ 答案　61.greatly　[考查副词。设空处修饰形容词desirable，故需要填副词。]‎ ‎62.but　[考查连词。此处用到了not only...but (also)...结构。]‎ ‎63.at　[考查介词。at least意为“至少”。]‎ ‎64.which　[考查关系词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰program，且在从句中作主语，故填which。]‎ ‎65.to take　[考查不定式作宾语补足语的用法。require sb to do sth意为“要求某人做某事”。]‎ ‎66.the　[考查定冠词。in the form of 意为“以……形式”。]‎ ‎67.natural　[考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处修饰名词science，故填形容词natural。]‎ ‎68.their　[考查代词。设空处作定语修饰course requirements，故填形容词性物主代词their。]‎ ‎69.decides　[考查一般现在时。本句主语为writing，且主句用了一般现在时，故填decides。]‎ ‎70.difference　[考查名词。make the difference是固定短语，意为“产生差别，起作用”。]‎ ‎【5】‎ Yoga is a kind of sport that is very popular around the world now.Everyone, __1__young or old, men or women, can do yoga.It’s __2__(benefit) to people’s health, both physically and __3__(mental).‎ Why do people like yoga? There’s a short answer and a long answer to that question.The short answer is __4__yoga helps you feel better and makes you healthier in body, mind and spirit.If you are interested, read on.‎ Yoga began in India about 5，000 years ago.At that time, people wanted to be free, healthy and live __5__long life, so this kind of exercise was born.The early yoga was part of a religion.Usually yoga __6__(teach) one to one then—one teacher with one student.Yoga is an Indian word __7__(mean) “to join together”.There are three parts of yoga altogether: exercise, breathing and meditation (冥想).In the past, more attention was paid __8__the spirit.The idea behind the exercise was to ‎ unite the mind, body and spirit.Yoga can help you feel __9__(relax) and have fewer worries and __10__(ill).‎ 答案　1.whether　[考查连词。whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”。]‎ ‎2.beneficial　[考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处作表语，且意为“有益的”，故填beneficial。]‎ ‎3.mentally　[考查副词。and连接的是两个并列的成分，故填副词形式。]‎ ‎4.that　[考查连接词。设空处引导表语从句且从句意义及成分均完整，故填that。]‎ ‎5.a　[考查不定冠词。live a long life意为“活得久”。]‎ ‎6.was taught　[考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语yoga是谓语动作teach的承受者，且这里说的是过去发生的事，故填was taught。]‎ ‎7.meaning　[考查动词－ing形式作定语的用法。word与mean之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填meaning。]‎ ‎8.to　[考查介词。pay attention to是习惯搭配，这里用的是其被动语态。]‎ ‎9.relaxed　[考查过去分词作表语的用法。设空处意为“轻松的”，故填relaxed。]‎ ‎10.illnesses　[考查名词。few修饰可数名词复数形式，故填illnesses。]‎ ‎【6】‎ While driving alone through the countryside, Linda saw an old woman by the side of the road, reaching out her hand.__1__was getting dark and raining.“I can’t leave her out in this weather，” Linda said to herself, so she stopped the car.‎ ‎“Shall I offer you __2__lift？” Linda asked.The old woman nodded and climbed into the car.After a while Linda asked, “Have you waited for long？” The old woman shook her head.__3__(strange) enough, the old woman didn’t say a single word all the way.Her only __4__(respond) was always a nod of the head or something else like that.‎ Then Linda saw the lady’s hands, __5__were very large and covered with thick hair.She realized __6__the lady was a man! After __7__(stop) the car, Linda said, “I can’t see that mirror.Would you mind cleaning it __8__me？” The lady nodded and opened the door.As soon as the “lady” was out of the car, Linda drove off quickly.‎ When Linda arrived home, she found that the old lady __9__(leave) a handbag on the backseat.She opened it and let out a deep breath.Inside ‎ it __10__(be) two sharp knives!‎ 答案　1.It　[考查代词。设空处指代时间和天气，故填It。]‎ ‎2.a　[考查冠词。offer sb a lift意为“让某人搭便车”]。‎ ‎3.Strangely　[考查副词。设空处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，需用strange的副词形式。]‎ ‎4.response　[考查名词。设空处在句中作主语，需用respond的名词形式。]‎ ‎5.which　[考查关系词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰the lady’s hands，且在从句中作主语，故填which。]‎ ‎6.that　[考查连接词。设空处引导宾语从句且从句意义及成分均完整，故填that。]‎ ‎7.stopping　[考查动词－ing形式作宾语的用法。Linda与stop之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且设空处作After的宾语，故填stopping。]‎ ‎8.for　[考查介词。设空处意为“为”，故填for。]‎ ‎9.had left　[考查过去完成时。leave表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作found之前，是“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。]‎ ‎10.were　[考查倒装与主谓一致。这是一个完全倒装句，主语是后面的two sharp knives，谓语动词要用复数形式。]‎ ‎【7】‎ Manhattan is a small island that is one part ot New York City.New York City is actually made up of five sections __61__(call) boroughs (区).These boroughs are Manhattan，Queens，Brooklyn，Staten Island，and the Bronx.Manhattan has the most people of all the boroughs, about 1.5 million, even though it is the __62__(small) borough by size.If you send a letter to someone who lives on Manhattan, don’t write Manhattan __63__the envelope.You should write “New York, New York”.‎ The island is so small __64__most people live and work in tall buildings.Some of these buildings are called skyscrapers because it looks like they are touching the sky.Manhattan __65__(connect) to the other boroughs by __66__series of bridges and tunnels (隧道).The most famous bridge may be the Brooklyn Bridge because of __67__(it) brick arches.The New York City subway, a massive mass transit system that __68__(most) runs underground, also connects the island to the rest of the boroughs.‎ Manhattan, like the other boroughs, has many different neighborhoods, many of __69__are named for the communities that first __70__(live) there.Some of these neighborhoods include Little Italy, Little Germany, Little Brazil, Chinatown, and Koreatown.‎ 答案　61.called　‎ ‎[考查过去分词作定语的用法。call与section之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填called。]‎ ‎62.smallest　[考查形容词的最高级。borough后承前省略了of all the boroughs, 故填最高级形式。]‎ ‎63.on　[考查介词。表达“在信封上”需用介词on。]‎ ‎64.that　[考查连词。so...that意为“如此……以至于”。]‎ ‎65.is connected　[考查一般现在时的被动语态。设空处描述的是客观事实且Manhattan与connect之间是被动关系，故填is connected。]‎ ‎66.a　[考查不定冠词。a series of意为“一系列”。]‎ ‎67.its　[考查代词。设空处后是名词短语brick arches，故填形容词性物主代词。]‎ ‎68.mostly　[考查副词。设空处修饰动词runs，且意为“大部分”，故填mostly。]‎ ‎69.which　[考查关系词。设空处所在句是定语从句，设空处指代neighborhoods且作介词的宾语，故填which。]‎ ‎70.lived　[考查一般过去时。由first (最初)可知，live所表示的动作发生在过去，故填lived。]‎ ‎【8】‎ To cultivate one's taste in English prose, the most effective way is to read English books extensively. Yet one may have difficulty 56 (choose) the appropriate books. I would like to share some of my experience. My first English novel was Pride and Prejudice, recommended as ‎57 ideal book for English learners. But my experience was somewhat disastrous. It was not the vocabulary that troubled me, 58 rather the way Austen constructs sentences, and her way of thinking, 59 seemed too remote to me. My fading enthusiasm was recovered after reading Hemingway's Farewell to Arms. I particularly liked his straightforward style. So my first 60 (suggest) is that you'd better choose contemporary novels. You can easily 61 (involve)in reading and gradually build up confidence. However, reading novels is not the only way 62 ‎ ‎(improve) your English. Actually if you limit yourself to novels, you 63 (miss )a lot of treasures. English essays can inform you and refine your taste in English. The best example is Russell's work. Here comes my second piece of advice--essays are essential. My last advice is never to follow other's recommendations and opinions blindly. We should be open 64 various ideas, but always think and determine for ourselves. As a saying goes, one man's meat is ‎ ‎65 man's poison. With that in mind, we'll find out our favorite writers through reading and develop our fine taste in English.‎ 答案 ‎56. choosing 57. an 58. but 59. which 60. suggestion ‎61. be involved 62. to improve/of improving 63. will miss 64. to 65. another ‎【9】‎ Experts have started working on 61 unbelievable project to make a robot made by NASA act like a human.‎ ‎ ___62 (name)Valkyrie, the robot looks like a woman and may be used to explorer Mars one day. It 63 (invent) by NASA scientists to compete in the DARPA Robotics Challenges(DRC). It is 1.9 meters tall and 64 (weight) 125 kilograms. It comes with a series 65 cameras, sonar, and other sensors spread across its body to help it move around.‎ ‎ Valkyrie is powered by a battery on its back, which can keep it 66 (operate) for an hour. It can walk on 67 (it) own, pick up objects and control many objects and tools, 68 is part of the requirements for the DARPA challenge.‎ ‎ The machine can walk on two legs and perform basic 69 (move) at present. However, the team from Scotland’s Edinburgh University wants to give it 70 (many) skills. It is hoped that the new and improved robot will work along with astronauts in space.‎ 答案 ‎61. an 62. Named 63. was invented 64. weights 65. of ‎ ‎66. operating 67. its 68. which 69. movements 70. more ‎【10】‎ I became a nurse because of my dad. He was diagnosed with cancer, and I just saw with my own 56 (eye) the people who made the most difference: They comforted him and helped ease his pain. I wanted to be a part of that. Trust in nursing is almost on a spiritual level. The people we care for are the most 57 (frighten) and most sensitive. They trust that you will give everything you have and that you will be ‎ there for them physically, mentally, 58 (emotional), and spiritually.‎ A parent of a child I was taking care of for several months came up 59 me one day. She requested that I 60 (take) care of her son that night. I said of course, and I looked at her and could tell something was wrong. When 61 (ask), she told me he was going to die and she wanted me to be present for them. That night, she held his right hand and I held his left. It was such 62 sacred moment. This mother thought of me not only as a caregiver 63 also as someone she trusted so much 64 she wanted me to be there when he took his last breath. I don’t think you could feel 65 trusted than that.‎ 答案 ‎56. eyes 57. frightened 58. emotionally 59. to 60. take/should take ‎ ‎61. asked 62. a 63. but 64. that 65. more