2020届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit1Greatwomenandtheirachievements单元学案(14页)

2020届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit1Greatwomenandtheirachievements单元学案(14页)

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit 1 Great women and their achievements单元学案 一、语言要点 I单元要点预览 词汇 部分 词语 辨析 1. campaign / war / battle 2.worth / worthy / worthwhile 3. argue / debate ‎ 词形 变化 1. connect vt.连接；联系；‎ 接通电话 vi.连接，衔接 connection n.联系，关 系；连接 ‎ ‎ 2. argue vt.&vi.讨论；辩论 argument n.[c]争论；争辩； ‎ ‎ 3. crowd n. 人群，群众；‎ v. 聚集；挤满；挤，推 crowded adj.充(拥)满了的，拥挤的 ‎ ‎ 4. inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；‎ 启示 inspiration n. 鼓舞；灵感 inspired adj.受灵感启示的inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的 ‎ 5. considerate adj.体贴的，体谅的 consideration n.考虑，要考虑的事；体贴 considerable adj.相当大(或多)的 ‎ 6. deliver vt.递送(邮件)，接 生；生(小孩)；发表(演说) delivery n.[c,u]投递；‎ 演讲 deliverer 递送者 ‎ 重点 单词 1. achievement n.[C]成就，功绩 ‎ ‎2. behave vt.&vi. 举动；(举止或行为)表现 ‎3. observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守 ‎4. respect vt.&n. 尊敬；尊重；重视 ‎ ‎5. argue vt.&vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 ‎ ‎6. support vt.&n. 支持；拥护；支撑；赡养；给予帮助﹑ 同情等的人 ‎7. intend vt. 计划；打算 ‎ ‎8. deliver vt. 接生(小孩)，递送，发表(演说) ‎ ‎ 重点 词组 1. look down upon / on蔑视；瞧不起 ‎2. refer to 谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提及；指……而言 ‎3. come across (偶然) 遇见；碰见 ‎4. carry on 继续；坚持 ‎5. live/lead a... life过着……的生活 重点句子 1. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.‎ ‎2. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.‎ ‎3. She also worked hard to make as many countries as possible agree not to use them.‎ 重点语法 主谓一致（见语法部分）‎ II 词语辨析 ‎ ‎1. campaign / war / battle ‎ ‎【解释】‎ war “战争”的总称，一般包括多个战役的大规模战争。‎ battle “战斗”，指有组织的武装部队之间的战斗，有持续几小时的，也有持续几天的。‎ campaign“战役”，指在某一地区所进行的一连串有固定目的的军事行动，规模比battle大；还用来表“政治或商业性的活动、竞选活动”campaign for/against 从事运动 ‎【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。‎ ‎1). They won the _______ but lost the _______. ‎ ‎2). The city hall is planning to start a _______ against smoking. ‎ ‎2. worth / worthy / worthwhile ‎【解释】‎ worth 只能作表语，其后接钱数、名词或及物动词的动名词的主动一般形式: be worth doing worthy可作表语，后接of+名词/of+动名词的被动形式/不定式的被动形式: be worthy of + n.‎ ‎/ of being done / to be done ‎ 也作定语，“值得……的”，“有价值的”：a worthy winner名副其实的赢家 worthwhile可作表语和定语: a worthwhile job 值得做的工作 it is worthwhile to do/doing ‎【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。‎ ‎1). The necklace was ______ 100 francs at most. ‎ ‎2). It’ s ______ to discuss the question again.‎ ‎3). You would find it ______ your while to come to the meeting.‎ ‎4). Can’ t you find something ______ doing at all? The book is _______ _______ _______ (很 值得读) a second time.‎ ‎5). This place of interest is worthy _______ _______ _______ / _______ _______ ______ /_______ _______ _______ (参观).‎ ‎3. argue / debate ‎【解释】‎ argue指某人坚持自己的主张，举出事实和理由说服某人或反对其他方面的意见。‎ debate指辩论者长在自己的立场公开争论一个问题。‎ ‎【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。‎ ‎1). We ______ with her ______ how to go there. ‎ ‎2). They ______ the case for hours.‎ ‎3). They ______ the question openly.‎ ‎4). Last week, our class had a ______ over whether middle school students should carry cell phones at school.‎ III 词性变化 ‎ ‎1. connect vt.连接；联系；‎ 接通电话 vi.连接，衔接 connection n.联系，关 系；连接 ‎ ‎2. argue vt.&vi.讨论；辩论 argument n.[c]争论；争辩； ‎ ‎3. crowd n. 人群，群众；‎ v. 聚集；挤满；挤，推 crowded adj.充(拥)满了的，拥挤的 ‎ ‎4. inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；‎ 启示 inspiration n. 鼓舞；灵感 inspired adj.受灵感启示的inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的 ‎5. considerate adj.体贴的，体谅的 consideration n.考虑，要考虑的事；体贴 considerable adj.相当大(或多)的 ‎6. deliver vt.递送(邮件)，接 生；生(小孩)；发表(演说) delivery n.[c,u]投递；演讲 deliverer 递送者 ‎【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1). It was ________ (consideration) of you not to play the piano while I was asleep.‎ ‎2). The good news _______ (inspire) us with hope.‎ ‎3). The children had an _______ (argue) about what game to play. ‎ ‎4). Please pay on ________ (deliver). ‎ ‎5). Taking everything into ________ (consider), the event was a great success.‎ ‎6). The narrow roads were ________ (crowd) with holiday traffic.‎ ‎7). What is the _______ (connect) between the two ideas? ‎ IV 重点词汇 ‎ ‎1. behave vt.&vi. 举动；(举止或行为)表现 behavio(u)r n. 行为；举止；习惯 ‎ ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). Behave yourself; don’ t make a fool of yourself. 注意你的举止, 别闹出笑话来。‎ ‎2). How is your new car behaving? 你的新车性能如何？‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ behave oneself 使某人自己举止规矩 behaviour towards/to... 对……的态度/行为 ‎ ‎[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。‎ ‎1). It’ s hard to train children to _______ _______ (举止得体) at the table.‎ ‎2). She is always _______ _______ (举止得体) at school.‎ ‎3). Their _______ (behave) _______ (介词) me shows that they do not like me.‎ ‎2. achievement n.[c]成就，功绩 achieve vt. 取得，完成 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). He received the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievements. 他因科学上取得的成就而获得诺贝尔奖。‎ ‎2). Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement. 首次飞越大西洋是一个伟大的功绩。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ achieve an aim / goal达到目标 achieve success 获得成功 ‎ ‎[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。‎ ‎1). Without the support of the people we can _______ _______. ‎ ‎2). I have achieved only half of _______ I hope to do. ‎ ‎3). Congratulations to you (介词) _______ such a complete victory. ‎ ‎3. observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守 observation n.[u] 观察；观测；监视 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). The police observed the man entering/enter the bank. 警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况。‎ ‎2). The woman was observed to follow him closely. 有人看到那女子紧跟着他。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(已做完) observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事 ‎ under observation 被监视 ‎[练习] 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。‎ ‎1). They were observed ______ (enter) the bank then. ‎ ‎2). Keynes _______ _______ (观察到) humans fall into two classes. ‎ ‎4. respect vt.&n. 尊敬；尊重；重视 ‎ ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). If you don’ t respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you? 自己不自重, 又怎能受到别人尊重呢? ‎ ‎2). I have the greatest respect for you. 我非常尊敬您。 ‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人 have / show respect for sb./sth. 尊敬某人/事 gain/get/earn/win the respect of sb. 赢得某人的尊敬 out of respect 出于尊敬 ‎[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。‎ ‎1). The new officer soon ________ (赢得) the respect of his men.‎ ‎2). I ________ you ________ (因某事而尊敬) your honesty.‎ ‎3). I have great respect _______ (介词) his ideas, although I don’ t agree with them.‎ ‎5. argue vt.&vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 argument n.[c]争论；争辩；争吵 ‎ ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). Don’ t argue with your mother. 不要和母亲争辩。‎ ‎2). I argued that we needed a larger office. 我据理力争我们需要大些的办公室。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ argue for (sb./sth.)为(某人/某事)而辩护 argue against (sb./sth.) 反对某人/某事)而辩护 argue with sb. ( about/over sth.) 与某人(为某事)而争吵 argue that... 主张……‎ argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 通过争论使某人做/不做某事 have an argument about/over sth. 辩论某事 ‎ ‎[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。‎ ‎1). We ______ ______ ______ ______ (说服她加入) us.‎ ‎2). We argued _______ the waiter _______ the price ______ the meal. ‎ ‎6. support vt.&n. 支持；拥护；支撑；赡养；给予帮助﹑ 同情等的人 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). Is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries? ‎ 这座桥禁得住重型卡车通行吗?‎ ‎2). He was weak with hunger, so I had to support him. 他饿得没有力气, 我得搀着他。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ support sb./ a family 支持某人/ 赡养家庭 support sb. in (doing) sth. 在（做）某事方面支持某人 ‎ support sb. by (doing) sth. 通过做某事支持某人 in support of sb/sth 支持或支援某人/事物 support oneself 自力更生 give support to sb. 支持、支援某人 ‎[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。‎ ‎1). Will you support me _______ (介词) my campaign for election?‎ ‎2). Jim was a great support _______ (介词) them when their father died.‎ ‎3). 我求学期间由父母供养。‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎7. intend vt. 计划；打算 intention n. 意图，意向，目的 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). I hear they intend to marry/intend marrying. 听说他们要结婚了。‎ ‎2). I intend you to take over. 我打算让你来接管。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ intend to do/doing sth. = mean to do sth. 打算做某 sth. be intended for (某物)是为而准备的 intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 intend sth. as/to be 打算让某物作……用 ‎ intend that... 打算……‎ ‎[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。‎ ‎1). This book is ______ ______ ______ (是为初学者写的).‎ ‎2). Was that remark intended _______ (介词) a joke? ‎ ‎3). I didn’ t intend her ______ (see) the painting until it was finished. ‎ ‎8. deliver vt.接生(小孩)，递送，发表(演说) delivery n. 投递 deliverer 递送者，交货人 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). The baby was delivered in a clinic. 孩子是在一个医疗站接生的。‎ ‎2). Comrade Yang delivered the opening speech. 杨同志致开幕词。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ deliver a baby 接生小孩；生小孩 delivere sth. to ...... 把某物送到…… ‎ express delivery快递 on delivery 送达时，货到时 ‎[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。‎ ‎1). Some new books have ______ (deliver) ______ (介词) the schoo1.‎ ‎2). The actor _______ his speech _______ (介词) a soft voice. ‎ V 重点词组 ‎ ‎1. look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). She looks down on people who've never been to university. 她瞧不起没上过大学的人。‎ ‎2). You can’ t look down upon a person because he is poor. 你不能因为某个人穷而瞧不起他。‎ ‎[重点用法] look短语：‎ look on sb./ sth. as = consider sb./ sth. as把某人看作 look on 袖手旁观 ‎ look into sth. 调查或观察某事物 look up 查阅(单词、资料)；向上看 ‎ look (sb.) up and down 上下打量(某人) look out for sb/sth警惕或留心某人/物 ‎[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。‎ ‎1). He was ______ ______ ______ (被人看不起) because of his humble background. ‎ ‎2). He is ______ ______ _______ (被认为是) the leading authority on the subject. ‎ ‎3). If you want to know how a word is used, ______it ______ in a dictionary. ‎ ‎2. refer to 谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提及；指……而言 ‎ ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). We agreed never to refer to the matter again. 我们同意不再谈这件事了。 ‎ ‎2). She thought I was referring to her daughter when we were talking. 当我们谈话时她以为我指的是她的女儿。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ refer to sb./sth. as 把某人/物称作 refer sth./sb. to 把某事提交；让某人向……求助 ‎ ‎[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。‎ ‎1). Although she didn’ t mention any names, everyone knew who she was ______ ______(指). ‎ ‎2). He gave the speech _______ _______ _______ (没有参阅) his notes. ‎ ‎3). He likes to _______ _______ _______ _______ (被称为) “Doctor Khee”. ‎ ‎4). My doctor referred me _______ (介词) a hospital specialist.‎ ‎3. come across = run across = meet by chance (偶然) 遇见；碰见 ‎ ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning. 今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。‎ ‎2). She came across some old photographs in a drawer. 她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。‎ ‎[短语归纳] come短语：‎ come about = happen 发生 come from 来自 come out 出现；开花；出版或发表；透露；显出 come up 升起；发生；出现 come up with sth 找到或提出（答案﹑办法等）‎ ‎[练习] 用come短语的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1). I _______ _______ some new words while reading. ‎ ‎2). His new book will _______ _______ next month.‎ ‎3). She _______ _______ _______ a new idea for increasing sales.‎ ‎4). Can you tell me how the accident _______ _______?‎ ‎5). How did it _______ _______ that he knew where we were?‎ ‎4. carry on 继续；坚持 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). Carry on (working/with your work) while I'm away. 我不在的时候, 要继续做工作。‎ ‎2). They decided to carry on in spite of the weather. 他们决定不管天气好坏都坚持。 ‎ ‎[短语归纳] carry短语：‎ carry on (doing sth/with sth.) 继续(做)某事 carry out 贯彻，执行 carry out a plan/orders/instructions执行计划/命令/指示 carry sth through 成功地完成某事物 carry about随身携带 carry away运走, 使失去自制力 ‎[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或carry短语。‎ ‎1). They decided to _______ _______ in spite of the weather. ‎ ‎2). Extensive tests have _______ _______ _______ on the patient. ‎ ‎3). It is a difficult job but she’ s the person to carry it _______. ‎ ‎4). Don’ t blame me. I’ m only _______ _______ my orders.‎ ‎5. live/lead a... life 过着……的生活 ‎[典例] ‎ They live a peaceful life. 他们过着平静的生活。‎ ‎[短语归纳] “v. + 同源宾语”结构：‎ smile a... smile 露出……微笑 dream a... dream 做了个……的梦 ‎ sleep a... sleep 睡个……觉 sing a... song 唱……的歌 die a... death ……怎样地死去 fight a... battle 打……的仗 laugh a... laugh 发出……方式的笑声 ‎[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。‎ ‎1). We are living happily. = We are living _______ _______ _______. ‎ ‎2). _______ _______ _______ _______ (多么艰辛的生活) they lived! ‎ ‎3). I _______ _______ _______ _______ (做了个美梦) last night.‎ VI 重点句子 ‎ ‎1. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.()‎ ‎[解释] 动名词做主语的用法：‎ 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作(在口语中也可以表示具体的动作)。如： ‎ Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 / Helping her is my duty. 帮助她是我的责任。‎ 动名词作主语时，句子有两种形式：‎ ‎①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。如：‎ ‎1). Playing tricks on others is something we should never do. 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。‎ ‎2). Talking is easier than doing. 说比做容易。‎ ‎②用it 作形式主语，把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如: It is useless/worth/no good/no use/no sense doing sth.等，如：‎ ‎1). It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。‎ ‎2). It’ s no sense arguing with her. 和她争吵没有意思。‎ 动名词短语作主语时的谓语动词用单数形式：‎ Learning new words is very important for me. 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。‎ ‎[练习] 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1). Talking _______ (mend) no holes. ‎ ‎2). _______ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. ‎ ‎3). Is it any good _______ (try) to explain?‎ ‎2. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以考虑自己的计划。‎ ‎[解释] 以“only+状语(通常是副词、介词短语或从句)”开头的句子要用部分倒装，即将 助动词或连系动词置于主语之前，如：‎ ‎1). Only after my friend came was the computer repaired. 只有在我的朋友来后电脑才修好。‎ ‎2). Only when you pointed it out for me did I realize that I was wrong. 只有当你帮我指出来了我才意识到我错了。‎ 注意：如果以“only+主语”开头的句子不用倒装，如：‎ ‎1). Only we can help ourselves. 只有我们能帮自己。‎ ‎2). Only Tom failed in the exam. 只有汤姆考试不及格。‎ ‎[练习] 用倒装句型翻译句子。‎ ‎1). 只有用这种方法我们才能把英语学得更好。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎2). 只有当你看了说明后你才知道怎么使用这台机器。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. She also worked hard to make as many countries as possible agree not to use them. 她努力劝说尽可能多的国家同意不使用它们（地雷）。‎ ‎[解释] as...as possible = as... as one can “尽可能”，第一个as可接adj./adv. 或 many/few + n.(pl.) 或much/little + n.[u]，如：‎ ‎1). Be as kind to her as possible / you can. 对她尽可能和蔼些。‎ ‎2). Do your homework as carefully as possible / you can. 做作业尽可能地细心。‎ ‎3). Read as many useful books as possible / you can. 看尽可能多的书。‎ ‎[练习] 翻译句子。‎ ‎1). 在写作中，你应该尽量少犯错误。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 为了养活一大家人，他卖力工作尽力多挣钱。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________‎ 二、课文要点 ‎1课文词汇等填空 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：‎ Jane Goodall, 1 had intended to work with animals in their own 2 （环境）since her childhood, went to Africa and devoted herself to 3 （study）the behavior of chimps. It was tough but she considered it as a 4 （有价值的）career. Through her study, we learned much more about chimps. She argued that the life of these animals should 5 （respect）and they should be left in the wild and not used 6 entertainment. Besides, she was very 7 （consider）of these animals. Now, she has 8 （实现）every thing she wanted to do, which 9 （激励）those who want to cheer the 10 （成就）of women. ‎ ‎2课文大意概括 ‎ 阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。‎ 这一篇文章给我们介绍了黑猩猩家庭，这使我们认识到，黑猩猩家族的关联就像人类的家庭那么坚固。Jane Goodall的努力，以及她关于保护黑猩猩的观点使她取得了不少成就。‎ ‎ This passage introduces _______________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 3课文佳句背诵与仿写 ‎ ‎1.【原句】Following Jane’s way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. 跟着简研究黑猩猩的路线，我们团队都去森林中探望他们。‎ ‎ [模仿要点] 句子结构 现在分词，+主句 ‎【模仿1】听取老师的意见，我在英语学习上取得了快速进步。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】按照指南，你一定会解决这问题。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2 【原句】Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 只有在她的母亲来帮助她的头几个月，才让她开始她的计划。‎ ‎[模仿要点] 句子结构：Only +状语（主句要倒装）‎ ‎【模仿1】只有当您不遗余力你能取得重大进展。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】只有当我们认识到我们生活环境的重要性，我们才能意识到保护环境就是保护我们的家。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【单词（短语）检测】‎ Unit 1 Women of achievement ‎ 一、请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。 ‎ 第一组：medical, communication, welfare, behave, nest, achieve, rate, explain, condition, worthwhile ‎ ‎1 The heavy snow prevented _________ with the outside world for three days. ‎ ‎2 I hope my kids will _________ themselves while I am away. ‎ ‎3 Only by working hard can you _________ you goal in time. ‎ ‎4 The reason Peter _______ to us for his lateness was unreasonable. ‎ ‎5 It cost me a lot to travel around the world, but it was really ________, for it broadened my views. ‎ ‎6 That secondhand car in perfect ________ went well. ‎ ‎7 Most people walk at an average ________ of 5 kilometers an hour. ‎ ‎8 Birds often make their _________ in trees. ‎ ‎9 They would rather work than live on _________. ‎ ‎10 She attended a _________ school before becoming a physician.‎ 第二组：specialist, observe, strike, institute, inspire, kindness, modest, respect, organization, connection, entertainment, consideration, deliver, campaign, argue ‎11 The police _________a man in black entering the bank. ‎ ‎12 My brother graduated from a university and was assigned to work at a research _________. ‎ ‎13 I can never repay (报答) your many ________ to me. ‎ ‎14 We should care for the young and ________ the elderly. ‎ ‎15 A man was arrested in ________ with the murder of the teenager. ‎ ‎16 We will surely take this matter into __________ at tomorrow’s meeting. ‎ ‎17 The young couple are always _________ with each other about money. ‎ ‎18 Yesterday the police began a _________ to stop taking drugs. ‎ ‎19 She was __________ of a healthy boy weighing 3 kilogrammes. ‎ ‎20 After work I relax myself by watching TV, listening to radio or taking part in other forms of _________. ‎ ‎21 The World Trade _________ was established in January, 1995. ‎ ‎22 She was very _________ about her success. ‎ ‎23 His paintings were clearly _________ by Monet’s works. ‎ ‎24 Those workers went on _________ for higher wages. ‎ ‎25 He is a _______ in Japanese history, so just turn to him if any question. ‎ 二、把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）：‎ devote…to look down upon care for be intended for concern oneself with argue for ‎1 This chair ________ you but she took it away.‎ ‎2 Nowadays children ________ too much time _______ playing computer games. ‎ ‎3 The lawyer decided to ________ that poor man. ‎ ‎4 Although poor they should not _________. ‎ ‎5 She moved back home to ________ her elderly parents. ‎ ‎6 He ________ how the speaker set out his ideas in his report.‎ 三、单元自测 ‎ ‎1完形填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 词数：221 完成时间：14分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ I consider myself something of an expert on apologies. A quick temper has provided me with plenty of opportunities to make them. In one of my earliest 21 , my mother is telling me, "Don't watch the 22 when you say, “I'm sorry”.Hold your head up and look at the person in the 23 , so he'll know you mean it."‎ ‎ My mother thus made the key point of a successful apology: it must be direct. You must never 24 to be doing something else. You do not look through a pile of letters while apologizing to a person 25 in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your fault. You do not apologize to a hostess, whose guest of honor you treat 26 , by sending, flowers the next day without mentioning your bad manners.‎ ‎ One of the important things you should do for an effective apology is readiness to 27 the responsibility for our careless mistakes. We are used to making excuses, which leaves no 28 for the other person to forgive us. Since most people are open-hearted, the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling 29 about themselves. That, after all, is the purpose of every apology. It 30 little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault: answering for one's actions encourages others to take their share of the blame.‎ ‎ 21. A. dreams B. courses C. memories D. ideas ‎ 22. A. side B. ground C. wall D. bottom ‎ 23. A. mind B. soul C. face D. eye ‎ 24. A. pretend B. forget C. refuse D. expect ‎ 25. A. poorer B. weaker C. worse D. lower ‎ 26. A. cruelly B. freely C. roughly D. foolishly ‎ 27. A. raise B. perform C. admit D. bear ‎ 28. A. situation B. need C. sign D. room ‎ 29. A. wiser B. warmer C. better D. cleverer ‎ 30. A. cares B. matters C. depends D. remains ‎2. 语法填空 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。‎ 词数：180 完成时间：9分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ Mr Vincent was tired of living in the big city where he worked. He wanted to move to the country and 31 (live) in a house from which he could get to his office in the city early every day. He was looking for a house 32 he saw an ad in a newspaper one day. The ad said that a suitable house in a quiet area was up for sale at a 33 (reason) price, and the house was 34 a stone's throw of a railway station 35 which there were frequent trains to the big city. ‎ ‎ "That's exactly 36 I need." Mr. Vincent said to 37 . So he called the house agency and arranged to go down by train 38 next day to have a look at the house. The house agency met him at the station and they started walking. 39 took them at least 15 minutes to get to the house. 40 they reached, Mr. Vincent said angrily, "I should be very interested to meet the man who threw the stone you mentioned in the newspaper."‎ ‎3.阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 词数：315 完成时间：7分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ Washington: A research conducted at the University of Maryland looks at the numerous complex reasons as to why young children decide to include or exclude (排斥) other kids from their group of friends.‎ ‎ It suggests that the kids' decision-making process is much more complex than previously believed.‎ ‎ "They take into account group information, ranging from cliques (小圈子) and networks, when deciding what makes a group work well. Sometimes kids are excluded because they lack social skills, but a lot of time it has nothing to do with that. Instead it has to do with what we refer to as 'group membership' such as gender, race, nation, and culture," says Professor Melanie Killen, the Associate Director of the Centre for Children Relationships and Culture at Maryland, who led the 4-year project.‎ ‎ Reporting their findings in the journal, the researcher said whatever was the reason, individuals who experienced pervasive (普遍的) long-term exclusion from the group of friends suffered from depression, anxiety and loneliness.‎ ‎ The study looked at two models to define how children make decisions regarding acceptance of other kids in their group -- the individual social deficit model and the inter-group social cognition (认同) model. While the former says that children's rejection occurs due to social deficits like shyness, wariness or fearfulness, the latter says that it happens because of group dynamics, prejudice and exclusion.‎ ‎ It was also found that the age of children was also a factor that influenced their decisions regarding other kids' acceptance as friends.‎ ‎ "With age, kids become more aware of group dynamics, conventions, customs, and rituals. With this comes a greater concern about group functioning, which can lead to exclusion which can be negative from a social justice viewpoint," says Killen.‎ ‎ The researcher believes that her study may have many benefits, as it could provide insights into how to help when children are rejected by their peers.‎ ‎41. While making friends, kids think more about the following EXCEPT _________.‎ ‎ A. social skills B. culture C. race D. gender ‎42. The underlined word "deficit" in Paragraph 5 may mean “_________”.‎ ‎ A. skill B. relationship C. weakness D. experience ‎43. One of the major purposes of the research is to _________.‎ ‎ A. tell the reader how to tell inclusion from exclusion ‎ B. remind children to be careful while making friends ‎ C. seek ways to help kids excluded by their peers ‎ D. stop the children belonging to the inter-group social cognition model ‎44. While making friends, children exclude those of social deficit model to _________.‎ ‎ A. keep their groups purer ‎ B. make their groups more socially powerful ‎ C. refuse other customs and cultures ‎ D. prove their groups to be strict ‎45. The proper title for this passage is _________.‎ A. Techniques of making friends ‎ B. Social communication among kids ‎ C. Making friends -- a special culture ‎ D. Kids' complex way of making friends ‎4.基础写作(共1小题，满分15分) ‎ ‎ 周笔畅宣布退出“超女”演唱会巡演，重返校园。有些学生认为她应该回校读书，有些学生则不以为然。如果你是她，你会选择退出还是留下?请根据以下表格的内容，以Wise Choice为题，为《英语广场》杂志写一篇英语短文。‎ 看法 理由 应该回校读书 1．演出花费太多的时间和精力 ‎2．不能集中精力学习 ‎3．对未来自身的发展不利 应该参加演出 1．演出提供了一个展示才华的舞台 ‎2．丰富演出经验，有利于将来的音乐生涯 ‎3．不应使歌迷们失望 ‎ 你的观点可以自由发挥。‎ ‎ [写作要求]‎ ‎ 1．行文应连贯，内容应完整。‎ ‎ 2．题目和开头语已经给出。‎ ‎ 3．用5句话完成。‎ ‎ Wise Choice ‎ After the singing competition "Super Girls' Voice", Zhou Bichang declared that she would quit the "Super Girls" tour and would go back to school studying. Some students think her choice is wise... ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎ Wise Choice ‎ After the singing competition "Super Girls' Voice", Zhou Bichang declared that she would quit the "Super Girls”tour and would go back to school studying. Some students think her choice is wise, they think the tour takes up too much time and energy.‎ ‎ On the other hand, the others think it is unwise for her to quit the tour, they think that the performances offer a wonderful stage for her to show her singing talents in public. Taking part in the tour can also make her gain more musical experience, which will contribute a lot to her future musical career, and, she should not let her fans disappointed.‎ ‎ In my opinion, I think that if I were her, I would choose to quit the tour. Anyway, learning at school is more important to one's life experience.‎