【英语】2018届人教版必修一一轮复习：Unit2Englisharoundtheworld单元学案（9页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修一一轮复习：Unit2Englisharoundtheworld单元学案（9页）

Unit2 English around the world单元学案 Items Main Language Points （ 17′）‎ Words ‎1.voyage n.航行；2.official adj.官方的；3.conquer v.征服；4.native adj.本国的；5.base n.基础，大本营；6.over prep.覆盖；7.command v.要求；8.request v.要求；9.recognize v.认出，识别；10.standard adj.标准的；11.close adj.接近的 Phrases ‎1.表示“因为”的短语；2.even if/though；3.have a genus for...；4.come up；5.表“列举”之意 Structure ‎1.more than one与many a结构及延伸 Preview 1. voyage；2.official；3.conquer；4.more than one和many a结构；5.表示“因为”的短语；6.even if/though；7.native；8. come up 9.base；10.over；11.command；12.request；13.recognize；14.have a genus for..；15.standard；16.close；17.表“列举”之意 ‎1.voyage n.专指海上、太空旅行 make a ～；on a ～‎ journey 陆上长途（单程）‎ flight 飞机航空、航天 travel 泛指所有旅行 trip 短途往返 have a good ～旅途愉快 2. official adj.官方的 n.行政人员，公务人员 n. officer 主要侧重指军官，也可指公司或政府机构中高职人员 ‎ office 办公室 post office 邮局 3. conquer vt.征服；占领 Man can conquer nature. 人定胜天。‎ We Chinese people is a hardworking and brave one,who’ll never be conquered.‎ 我们中国人民是勤劳勇敢的人，永远不会被征服。‎ 4. more than one与 many a +单数名词表示：不止一个，许多的意思，其谓语动词用三单。‎ More than one person knows this matter.‎ Many a person knows this matter.‎ 不止一个人知道这个问题。‎ P·S! more than one与there be句型结合时，there be句型中的be (s.&pl.)均可。‎ There is/are more than one student. 这里有很多学生。‎ 补充：Part 1. more than+...‎ A. “more than+名词”表示“不仅仅是”‎ Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. Jason不仅仅是个演讲家，他也是个作家。‎ We need more than material wealth to build our country. 建设我们国家，不仅仅需要物质财富。‎ B. “more than+数词”含“以上”或“不止”之意 I have known David for more than 20 years. 我和David 相识不止20年了。‎ C. “more than+形容词”表示“很”或“非常”的意思 I assure you I am more than glad to help you. 我保证我非常乐意的帮助你。‎ D. more than + (that)从句，其基本意义是“超过(=over)”，但可译成“简直不”“远非”。难以，完全不能(其后通常连用情态动词can)‎ That is more than I can understand . 那非我所能懂的。‎ The heat there was more than he could stand. 那儿的炎热程度是他所不能忍受的。‎ 此外，“more than”也在一些惯用语中出现，如：‎ More often than not(经常),people tend to pay attention to what they can take rather than what they can give.‎ 人们经常有这种倾向，过多关注与他们能获取的东西而不是他们能拥有的东西。‎ All of us are more than a little concerned about(非常关心)the current economic problems.‎ 我们都非常关心当前的经济问题。‎ Part 2. more...than A.比……多，比……更 He has more books than me. 他的书比我多。‎ He is more careful than the others. 他比其他人更仔细。‎ B.与其……不如 He is more lucky than clever. 与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。‎ He is more (a) scholar than (a) teacher. 与其说他是位教师，不如说他是位学者。‎ 注：该句型主要用于同一个人或物在两个不同性质或特征等方面的比较，其中的比较级必须用加more 的 形式，不能用加词尾-er 的形式。‎ Part 3. no/not more than A.no more than 的意思是“仅仅”、“只有”“最多，不超过”，强调少。‎ This test takes no more than thirty minutes. 这个测验只要30分钟。‎ For thirty years，he had done no more than he (had) needed to. 30年来，他只干了他需要干的工作。‎ B.not more than 为more than（多于）的否定式，其意为“不多于”、“不超过”‎ Not more than 10 guests came to her birthday party. 来参加她的生日宴会的客人不超过十人。‎ 比 较：‎ She has no more than three hats. 她只有3顶帽子。（太少了）‎ She has not more than three hats. 她至多有3顶帽子。（也许不到3顶帽子）‎ I have no more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的钱最多不过5元。（言其少）‎ I have not more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的钱不多于5元。（也许不到5元）‎ Part 4. no/not more...than A.no more...than 表示对两者都否定，意为“同……一样不”（=neither...nor...）‎ He is no more a writer than a painter. 他既不是画家，也不是作家。‎ ‎（=He is neither a painter nor a writer.）‎ He’s no more able to read Spanish than I am. 他和我都读不懂西班牙语。‎ ‎（=Neither he nor I am able to read Spanish.）‎ B.not more...than 指两者都具有某种特征，但是程度不同，意为“不如”、“不及”（=not so... as）。如：(less…than…)‎ She is not more clever than he is. 她不如他聪明。‎ ‎（=She is not so clever as he is.）‎ This book is not more difficult than that one. 这本书不及那本书难。‎ ‎（This book is not so difficult as that one.）‎ 此 外：‎ no other...than... 除...之外，不再.......‎ I have no other relative in Binzhou than my aunt. 在滨州除了姑妈之外我再无其它亲戚了。‎ would rather ...than... 宁愿......也不......‎ The soldier would rather die than give in. 那位士兵宁可死也不投降。‎ no/none other than... 不是别的，正好是...‎ The man with a book in his hand is no/none other than our English teacher.‎ 手里拿着书的那个人不是别人，正是我们的英语老师。‎ nothing else than.......;完全是........‎ What he said just now was nothing else than a joke. 他刚才说的简直是笑话。‎ Part 5. less than A. ‎（指数量）不到，不足 It’s less than half an hour’s drive from here. 开车到那里不到半个钟头。‎ In less than an hour he finished the work. 没要上一个小时，他就完成了工作。‎ B. 比……（小）少 She eats less than she should. 她吃得比她应该吃的少。‎ Half the group felt they spent less than average. 半数人觉得他们的花费低于平均水平。‎ C.不太，一点也不 The boys were less than happy about having a party. 开晚会男孩子们并不很高兴。‎ We were less than delighted to have company that day. 那天有客人我们并不太高兴。‎ Part 6. Less...than A.不像（如）‎ He is less honest than his brother. 他不如他哥哥诚实。‎ B. 比……少，不如……多 We drink less coffee than tea. 我们喝咖啡不如喝茶多。‎ C. 与其……不如……‎ I regard him less as my teacher than as my friend. 与其说我把他当作老师，不如说我是把他当作朋友。‎ 注意：表示此义时可与more...than 结构替换（但要注意词序的变化）。‎ He is less a teacher than an expert./He is more an expert than a teacher. 与其说他是老师，不如说他是专家。‎ ‎5.表示因为的短语：‎ Of组：because of/as a result of/on account of/as a consequence of Because of what he said,I can’t fix my attention on my work. 由于他所说的话，我不能全身心的工作了。‎ To组：due to/owing to/thanks to (必须与主句用“，”隔开。)‎ ‎6. even if/though 即使、尽管（引导让步状语从句）‎ as if / though 似乎，好像 （引导方式状语从句或表语从句，分清楚真实条件句还是非真实条件句。）‎ ‎7.native adj.&n.‎ ‎①本地的 native land/language/dishes 本地/当地语言/本土特色 ‎②原产的 be native to... The giant panda is native to China. 大熊猫是中国特有的动物。‎ ‎③n.+of I’m a native of Chinese. 我是土生土长的中国人。‎ ‎8.come up ‎①开始，发生 I'll let him know if anything comes up. 如有什么事,我会告诉他的。‎ ‎②走进，上来 She came up and said, "Glad to meet you." 她走过来说，“很高兴见到你。”‎ ‎③被提及，被讨论 A number of questions came up at the meeting. 会议上提出了许多问题。‎ ‎④（太阳、月亮）升起 It will be so great watching the sun came up. 看着太阳升起是十分美妙的事。‎ ‎⑤突然发生 I was delayed--something came up at home. 我耽搁了一会儿--家里出了点事。‎ ‎⑥露出地面，发芽 The seeds I sowed last week haven’t come up yet. 上星期我种的种子还没有发芽。‎ ‎⑦流 行 The phrases of “Come”：‎ come about 发 生 come across 碰到，偶遇；被理解 come along 一道去；进行，赶快 come at 袭 击 come away 脱离；折断 come back 回来；复员，恢复 come by 获 得 come between 干预，妨碍 come（in）first/second得第一/二 come down 倒下，跌落；传下来；+with患（病）‎ come for 来拿，来取 come forth 出来；涌现 come forward 前进；自告奋勇；涌现 come from 来自=be from come in 进来；到来；存在；时兴；上台 come into existence发生，产生，出现；+ force开始生效；+ power/office上台，掌握政权；+use 开始使用 come of 出生于...；有...结果 come off 脱落；发生 come on （风雨等）到来；演出；赶快；（花）开；亮（灯）‎ come out 长出来；出版；+ against起来反对；+with 讲出，泄露（秘密等）‎ come over 来访；突然产生 come to oneself 苏醒过来；come to do逐渐；come to 总计；谈到；come to a stop/ an end停止 come up 走近；长出；流行 come upon 碰 见 come up with ‎ ‎9.base n.基础；本部、基地；素材；底座 The opening policy has a broad base of support. 这个开放的政策有广泛支持基础。‎ Fu Shun is one of the important industry bases of our province. 抚顺是我省重要的工业基地。‎ I use your family history as a base for my book. 我把你的家庭历史作为本书的素材。‎ Remove from the heat and plunge the base of the pan into a bowl of very cold water. 先把锅从炉子上拿开，然后把锅底浸入一盆冷水中。‎ vt.把...建立在...上、以...为依据 base ... on I based my hope on the new plan.我把我的希望都寄放在这个新计划上。‎ We should base our future achievements on today’s hardworking. ‎ 我们应该把未来的成就建立在今天的努力工作之上。‎ adj.basic 吝啬的、卑鄙的 He is such a basic man. 他是个吝啬的男人。‎ ‎10.over prep.‎ ‎①超过=more than ‎②遍及+sp ‎③在...上方/上(有遮盖、遮蔽之意)‎ ‎④通过(方式、手段)‎ ‎⑤翻过、越过(动作状态)‎ ‎⑥+时间名词，表示经过一段时间=during=through out；‎ ‎ +普通名词，表示一边、一边(同时进行的)。‎ ‎ They had a pleasant chat over a cup of tea. 他们边喝茶边聊天。‎ ‎⑦over and over again 一遍又一遍 ‎11.command + n. 支配 v.‎ ‎ + sb to do ‎ + that+s.+(should)+do The troops were commanded by general Haig. 这支部队由Haig将军掌管。‎ The general commanded his men to fight bravely. 这位将军命令他的手下英勇作战。‎ The mayor commanded that the work on the building (should) be stopped. 市长下令那栋大楼必须停建。‎ n.命令；掌控；精通 ‎ take command of... 对...掌控着 The armed police arrived and took command of the situation. 武装警察到达后控制了局势。‎ ‎ have a good command/grasp of... 精通...、专研...‎ Applicants are expected to have a good command of computer skills. 申请人必须有电脑技能。‎ ‎12.request + sth of/from sb/sth 对...提出请求 ‎ + sb to do 请求...做...‎ ‎ +that+s.+(should)+do I requested a loan from the bank. 我从银行带的款。‎ I requested him to be there on time. 我请求他准时到那。‎ n.请求 by request 一经请求 at one’s request 应...请求=at the request of make a request for... 请求，要求 The Relatives: “ask & require & demand”‎ ‎○ ask + sth of sb ‎ + sb to do ‎ + that+s.+(should)+do ‎ + for+n. 要 ‎ Can I ask a favor of you? 你能帮我一下么？‎ ‎○ require + sth of sb ‎ + sb to do ‎ + that+s.+(should)+do ‎ + doing=to be done ‎ + to do ‎ + n.‎ ‎ What do you require of me? 你要求我做什么？‎ ‎ All members are required to be present on time. 所有成员要求准时出席。‎ ‎ The situation required that we (should) stay here. 形势要求我们留在这里。‎ ‎○ demand + sth of sb 要求（合理）‎ ‎ + to do ‎ + that+s.+should+do ‎13.recognize v.‎ ‎①辨认出（不能与时间段连用）+sb/sth 认出...‎ know →延续性v.，意思是了解、熟悉 pick out/make out sb 侧重从众多人群中的识别出来 I have known him for ten years,but I didn’t recognize him just now.Because he has changed so much. 我们认识有十年了，但是刚才我没认出他来。因为他变化太大了。‎ ‎②承认、公认=admit recognize+ o.+as/to be People recognized him as/to be an outstanding scientist. 人们承认他是一位杰出的科学家。‎ P·S! recognize与 realize。‎ recognize是一般的意识到；realize指原来熟悉，经过一段时间、过程后又重新真正的了解。‎ ‎14.have a genius/talent/gift for... 有...天赋 ‎15.standard adj.标准的，合格的，普通的 a car of standard size 一辆标准大小的汽车 a standard composer 一流作曲家 n.标准；水平=level（表行为、道德）；旗帜；规格 by...standard 以...样的标准 living standard 生活标准 set high standards for 创高标 up to standard 达到标准 ‎16.close adj.亲密的，势均力敌的 closely密切地 He is my closest friend. 他是我最亲的朋友了。‎ This is a close game. 这是一场势均力敌的比赛。‎ v.关闭 The shop is closed. 商店关门了。‎ adv.近地 get/move close to 表动作 be close to n./ doing 指时间、空间上非常近处于某种状态 He was close to being knocked by the car. 他差点（几乎）被车撞倒了。‎ ‎17.such as/like 举全部例子中的几个 △放在句首时，表“凡属于”。‎ that is/namely 列举（全部）‎ for example/for instance 举例说明 There’re students from several countries in our class,such as Britain,America,Belgium and etc.‎ 我们班有好几个国家的学生，如英国，美国和比利时等。‎ He can speak 3 foreign language,that is English,Spanish and French.‎ 他能说三门外语，如英语，西班牙语和法语。‎ There’re foreign students in our class,for example Tom and Jack.‎ 我们班有外国学生，例如汤姆和杰克。‎