2020届高考英语北师大版大一轮复习精练：必修4高考提能练（14）

2020届高考英语北师大版大一轮复习精练：必修4高考提能练（14）

‎2020届北师大版单元复习测验卷：　必修④　Module 6　Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World ‎[授课提示：对应学生用书第303页]‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎[2019·成都市摸底测试]A fun way to learn about the people in the destinations you travel to around the globe is to drop into a friendly local bar off the beaten tourist track and enjoy a sip of something the region is famous for. To help you have fun, we've rounded up how to say “Cheers！” around the world.‎ Who doesn't dream of living the good life in France? The food alone is well worth the trip since the French basically invented fine cuisine. They also invented a little golden liquid called the Champagne! Just before your first sip, look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their “cheers”： à votre santé！‎ Is it just us, or is the Italian treat called prosecco sweeping the nation by storm? It's lovely anytime: brunch, to celebrate something, or just to slowly sip while catching up with a dear friend. It originated in Italy's Veneto region but is now available all over the world. When in Italy, the most common toast is “cin cin”， which has its origins in China. However，do not use this as a toast in Japan. It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country. If you find yourself in the land of Japan，stick with “kampai”， which means “cheers！”‎ If you haven't been to Ireland — what are you waiting for? It's the friendliest place, and one of the funniest on the planet, and the pubs are full of stories, where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness. The Irish language can be a bit tricky for visitors to grasp but, again, practice makes perfect. Simply say, “Slàinte mhath.”‎ 体裁：说明文　题材：文化差异　主题：“干杯”在不同国家和地区的不同说法 ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。在不同国家和地区，如何表达“干杯”体现了当地的文化和风情。本文分别介绍了在法国、意大利、日本和爱尔兰如何表达“干杯”。‎ ‎【难句分析】　It's the friendliest place, and one of the funniest on the planet, and the pubs are full of stories, where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness.‎ 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness”为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“the pubs”，where在从句中作地点状语。‎ 译文：这是最友好的地方，也是世界上最有趣的地方之一，酒吧里充满了故事，在那里当地人和游客聚在一起举杯畅饮。‎ ‎1．What is the French way of saying “Cheers”？‎ A．A votre santé.　　　B．Cin cin.‎ C．Kampai. D．Slàinte mhath.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第二段尾句“Just before your ‎ first sip, look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their ‘cheers’： à votre santé！”可知，在法国，干杯时说“à votre santé！”，故A项正确。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．The Italian wine. B．A toast from China.‎ C．A Japanese custom. D．A French expression.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查代词指代。根据第三段第四、五句“When in Italy, the most common toast is ‘cin cin’， which has its origins in China. However，do not use this as a toast in Japan”可知，意大利常见的祝酒词是“cin cin”，起源于中国；然而在日本，不要把这个当作祝酒词。结合该句“It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country”可知，这种起源于中国的祝酒词可能让你被赶出酒吧。据此可知，It指代源于中国的祝酒词，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．What can we learn about Ireland from the text?‎ A．It is famous for food. B．Its language is simple.‎ C．It makes perfect wine. D．It is well worth visiting.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据尾段第二句“It's the friendliest place, and one of the funniest on the planet, and the pubs are full of stories, where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness”可知，爱尔兰是最友好的地方，也是世界上最有趣的地方之一，酒吧里充满了故事，在那里当地人和游客聚在一起举杯畅饮。据此可以判断，爱尔兰值得一游，故D项正确。‎ ‎4．What's the main purpose of the text?‎ A．To introduce the worldfamous wine.‎ B．To show how to make friends in bars.‎ C．To give suggestions on drinking regionally.‎ D．To recommend some famous travel destinations.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查写作意图。通读全文可知，本文第一段尾句“To help you have fun, we've rounded up how to say ‘Cheers！’ around the world”为文章的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了在不同国家和地区说“干杯”的方式。据此可以判断，本文旨在介绍在不同国家和地区如何说“干杯”，故C项正确。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎[2019·长春监测二]When I was a teenager I volunteered to pass out water at a local race. I was so excited to __1__ all the different runners who passed by and quickly took a cup of water. Some walked past, some jogged past and a few __2__ past.‎ Watching so many __3__ of people doing it, I thought maybe I could do it too! The next year I decided to __4__ the race. With __5__ running practice, I just wanted to finish.‎ On the day of the race, it was terribly hot. Only after 2 miles, I felt sweat __6__ off me and my legs swelling. I began to __7__， “Why am I doing this? What was I thinking? I must be __8__.” For the following miles, I jogged, I walked, I jogged and walked. At times, I wonder if I ‎ could __9__.‎ ‎__10__ the end, a 70yearold man rushed past me, very __11__， and I felt a little __12__ that I was more than 50 years younger than him and I couldn't __13__ keep up with him. But then I realized something: he was running his race and I was running mine. How often in life do we __14__ ourselves to others and feel disappointed in ourselves when we really __15__？ We are all unique human beings with unique __16__. It's really no good focusing on others' race. I decided that I would not __17__ running, and that one day I would be one of those __18__ people who were still running races.‎ As I crossed the finishing line, I was proud of myself. I didn't regret having such an experience. If you don't __19__ others but get the lesson and grow, you are truly a __20__.‎ 体裁：夹叙夹议　题材：日常生活　主题：跑步比赛感悟 ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了作者参加跑步比赛得出的人生感悟。‎ ‎【核心词汇】　swell vi.肿，肿胀(尤指身体部位)　unique adj.独一无二的　finishing line (比赛的)终点线 ‎1．A.see B．inspect C．stare D．notice 答案与解析：A　根据下文“Watching so many __3__ of people doing it, I thought maybe I could do it too”‎ ‎ 可知，作者看到不同的跑步者很激动。‎ ‎2．A.struggled B．dragged C．rushed D．moved 答案与解析：C　根据语境中的walked和jogged可推知，此处作者表示的是速度上的递进关系，故选C。‎ ‎3．A.styles B．ranks C．types D．races 答案与解析：C　根据上文“I was so excited to __1__ all the different runners who passed by and quickly took a cup of water”可推知，作者观看不同的人参与比赛。type“类型”，符合语境。‎ ‎4．A.run up B．run out C．run across D．run for 答案与解析：D　根据下文可知，作者第二年也参加了比赛。run up“跑上去”；run out“用完”；run across“偶然碰见”；run for“竞选，参加”。‎ ‎5．A.some B．little C．much D．any 答案与解析：B　根据语境“I just wanted to finish”并结合下一段作者在比赛中的表现可推知，作者并没有进行跑步练习。‎ ‎6．A.pouring B．taking C．melting D．blowing 答案与解析：A　根据语境“On the day of the race, it was terribly ‎ hot”可推知，参赛那天天气很热，作者出了很多的汗。‎ ‎7．A.doubt B．remember C．imagine D．suppose 答案与解析：A　根据下文“At times, I wonder if I could __9__”和下文作者一连串的问句可推知，作者对参加赛跑这件事开始怀疑。‎ ‎8．A.friendly B．crazy C．generous D．tired 答案与解析：B　根据语境“Why am I doing this? What was I thinking”可推知，作者认为自己是疯了才决定参加这次比赛，不仅大汗淋漓，而且腿也肿胀起来。‎ ‎9．A.win B．stop C．make D．finish 答案与解析：D　此处与上文“I just wanted to finish”呼应可推知，作者跑跑走走，不知道自己是否能够坚持到最后，完成比赛。‎ ‎10．A.On B．At C．Near D．By 答案与解析：C　根据下文可推知，作者在比赛快结束时，被一位70岁的老人超过。‎ ‎11．A.slowly B．gently C．heavily D．fast 答案与解析：D　根据语境可推知，老人跑得非常快。‎ ‎12．A.pleased B．frightened C．delighted D．embarrassed 答案与解析：D　根据下文“I was more than 50 years younger than him and I couldn't __13__ keep up with him”可推知，作者作为一个身强力壮的年轻人跑不过一个老人，实在是有些尴尬。embarrassed“尴尬的”。‎ ‎13．A.just B．even C．still D．already 答案与解析：B　根据上文可推知，作者对自己的状况感到有点尴尬。故此处应用even“甚至”，使作者和老人形成了强烈的对比，符合语境。‎ ‎14．A.compare B．devote C．recommend D．show 答案与解析：A　根据上文“But then I realized something: he was running his race and I was running mine”可推知，作者下文是对我们自己和他人进行比较，这与下文“It's really no good focusing on others' race”形成呼应。‎ ‎15．A.couldn't B．won't C．shouldn't D．can't ‎ 答案与解析：C　根据下文“It's really no good focusing on others' race. I decided that I would not __17__ running”可推知，作者认为我们没有必要和他人进行比较，而让自己有挫败感。‎ ‎16．A.significance B．pace C．principle D．concept 答案与解析：B　根据语境并结合常识可知，作者认为我们都是独一无二的，有独一无二的速度。significance“重要性”；pace“速度”；principle“原则”；concept“观念”。‎ ‎17．A.insist on B．look up to C．put up with D．give up 答案与解析：D　根据下文“As I crossed the finishing line”可推知，作者决定不放弃，最终完成了比赛。insist on“坚持”；look up to“敬仰”；put up with“容忍”；give up“放弃”。‎ ‎18．A.elderly B．professional C．international D．educated 答案与解析：A　根据上文“a 70yearold man rushed past me...”及空后的still可知，作者希望向上文中提到的老人学习，虽然有一天也会变老，但仍会继续参加赛跑。‎ ‎19．A.persuade B．change C．beat D．follow 答案与解析：C　根据上文可知，作者跑步不顺利，但最终还是坚持了下来，跑完了比赛。作者认为尽管并没有打败他人，但是收获了感悟，获得了成长，就是真正的赢家。beat“打败”。‎ ‎20．A.learner B．winner C．dreamer D．competitor 答案与解析：B　参见上题解析。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎[2019·呼和浩特调研]Each year, thousands of people come to Shaanxi, China, to visit the Terracotta Army, which shows the armies of Qin Shi Huang, __1__ country's first emperor.‎ As one of the most famous tourist sights in the world, the Terracotta Army is a form of funerary (葬礼的) art __2__ (bury) with the First Emperor in 210 to 209 BC.It was designed __3__ (protect) the emperor in his afterlife.‎ Since their __4__ (discover), experts have questioned whether the lifesize models of soldiers __5__ (base) on real warriors (勇士) or whether they came off a production line.‎ In October a BBC documentary (纪录片), The Greatest Tomb on Earth: Secrets of Ancient China, suggested the inspiration for the Terracotta Warriors may have come __6__ Ancient Greece, about __7__ archaeologist Li Xiuzhen said, “We now have evidence that close contact did exist between the First Emperor's China and the West.”‎ On the 41st International Museum Day, it was __8__(official) announced that new technology has just made __9__possible for visitors to be guided. Thanks to an interactive (交互式的) 360degree video, visitors can choose to view the __10__ (figure) either in closeup or from a distance.‎ 体裁：说明文　题材：社会文化　主题：兵马俑 ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了秦始皇及兵马俑的有关内容。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。那展示了中国第一位皇帝秦始皇的军队。此处为特指，故用the。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：buried　考查非谓语动词。兵马俑是一种葬礼的艺术形式，与中国的第一位皇帝一同被埋葬。此处动词bury与逻辑主语the Terracotta Army之间为动宾关系，且与主句谓语动词间没有连词，故用过去分词buried。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：to protect　考查固定用法。be designed to do sth.“被设计来做某事”为固定用法。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：discovery　考查词性转换。根据空前的“their”可知，此处应用名词表示“发现”，故填discovery。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：were based　考查固定搭配。be based on...“以……为根据/基础”为固定搭配。‎ ‎6．答案与解析：from　考查介词。建造兵马俑的灵感可能来自古希腊。come from...意为“来自……”。‎ ‎7．答案与解析：which　考查定语从句。根据语境和句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面主句的内容，空处在定语从句中位于介词“about”后作宾语，故填which。‎ ‎8．答案与解析：officially　考查词性转换。修饰动词“announced”用副词。‎ ‎9．答案与解析：it　考查代词。新的科技已经让游客得到引导成为可能。此处it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的“to be guided”。‎ ‎10．答案与解析：figures　考查名词。幸亏有了360度交互式视频，游客可以选择近处或远处观看这些兵马俑。根据上文和常识可知，兵马俑不止一个，故填figures。figure“身影，人物”。‎ Ⅳ.书面表达 ‎[2019·安徽省重点中学盟校联考]某电视台英语频道今年暑假准备举办“外国人游中国”的夏令营活动。假定你是李华，是这个活动的志愿者。你的美国网友 Mike 发来邮件询问该活动。请你给他回复一封邮件，邮件内容包括：‎ ‎1．活动时间和地点；‎ ‎2．活动内容；‎ ‎3．邀请他参加该活动。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎【范文赏读】‎ Dear Mike, ‎ I'm glad to receive your email, asking about the summer camp for foreigners to travel in China. ‎ The camp will be held both in Beijing and Chengdu by an English channel of a TV station from July 18 to 28, during which time foreigners will visit the wellknown places, such as the Great Wall, Chengdu Panda Base. Besides this, foreigners will have opportunities to enjoy Chinese operas and Chinese folk music, which will surely help foreigners understand Chinese culture more deeply. ‎ As a volunteer of this camp, I work as an interpreter because I have a good knowledge of English. ‎ This is a meaningful activity, so why not join it? ‎ Best, ‎ Li Hua