【英语】2020届二轮复习语法基础第八讲定语从句学案（江苏专用）

【英语】2020届二轮复习语法基础第八讲定语从句学案（江苏专用）

‎[学生用书P127(单独成册)]‎ ‎(建议用时：30分钟)‎ 单项填空 ‎1．(2019·江苏名校高三摸底)Industrial parks, built by Chinese companies, are a key way ________ African countries are working to create viable manufacturing platforms.‎ A．which　　　　　　　　 B．where C．why D．that D　解析：考查定语从句。句意：由中国公司建立的工业园区是非洲国家努力建立可行的制造平台的一个关键途径。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词a key way，且空处在从句中充当方式状语，结合选项可知选D。‎ ‎2．A scientist’s attempt to produce the world’s first geneedited babies ________ are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in the public.‎ A．as B．who C．whom D．whose B　解析：考查定语从句。句意：一位科学家试图培育出世界上首例对HIV有免疫力的基因编辑婴儿，这在学术界和公众中引发了争议。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在定语从句中充当主语，先行词为babies，故用关系代词who/that来引导。故选B。‎ ‎3．Bella, who is always cheerful, creates a friendly work atmosphere in her office every day, ________ her colleagues find pleasant and relaxing.‎ A．where B．which C．when D．that B　解析：考查定语从句。句意：Bella总是很快乐，她每天都在办公室里创造一种友好的工作氛围，她的同事认为这种氛围很舒适并让人放松。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“a friendly work atmosphere”，且在从句中作find的宾语，故用which。‎ ‎4．Most of my friends shop at the stores ________ the goods are very cheap.‎ A．which B．where C．whose D．why B　解析：考查定语从句。根据句子结构判断，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为the ‎ stores，且在从句中作状语，表示地点，故选B。‎ ‎5．On the second floor there are two rooms，________is used as a meeting room.‎ A．the larger of which B．one of them C．the larger one of that D．the largest of which A　解析：句意：在二楼有两个房间，其中较大的那个被用作会议室。句中没有连接词，可知逗号后为定语从句，the larger of which＝and the larger of them＝and the larger of the two rooms。B项变为and one of them才正确；定语从句中，若介词置于引导词前，则不能用that而用which，所以C项也不正确。‎ ‎6．A great number of visitors flood in to climb up to the top of the tower, ________ they can have a good view of the whole city.‎ A．to where B．from what C．with which D．from where D　解析：考查定语从句。句意：许多游客蜂拥而来以登上塔顶，从那里他们可以一览全市风光。from where they can...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。注意：where在此处为关系代词而非关系副词。‎ ‎7．It’s helpful to put children in a situation________they can see themselves differently.‎ A．that B．when C．which D．where D　解析：这里的先行词是“a situation”，带入定语从句中还原后有“they can see themselves differently in the situation”，所以关系词应为where，相当于“in which”。‎ ‎8．The school library is a resource ________ you can take advantage to make progress.‎ A．in which B．on which C．from which D．of which D　解析：考查定语从句。此处根据定语从句中的动词短语take advantage 后接of可确定介词，故选D。‎ ‎9．The door was open, from ________ he could see everything outside.　‎ A．which B．after which C．behind it D．where D　解析：考查定语从句。句意：门是开着的，从那里他可以看见外面的一切。from where在此引导定语从句。‎ ‎10．His best movie, ________ won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi.‎ A．which B．what C．that D．who A　解析：考查定语从句。句意：他最优秀的电影，就是荣获几个奖项的那一部，是关于甘地生平的。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中作主语，指代前面的movie，故用which。‎ ‎11．—Did you remember the days________we studied in the university?‎ ‎—Certainly.Especially the hard times________we spent together.‎ A．which；when B．when；which C．when；when D．which；which B　解析：考查定语从句。第一个空从句中的study为不及物动词，不缺少宾语，故用when引导定语从句修饰先行词days；第二个空spend是及物动词且缺少宾语故用which引导定语从句。‎ ‎12．Although his family couldn’t afford his education, he managed to find a place at the College of Art ________ word of his talent quickly spread.‎ A．whose B．when C．which D．where D　解析：考查定语从句。句意：尽管他的家里无法供他上学，但是他设法进了艺术学院，在那里，他有天赋的消息很快就传开了。分析句子结构可知，where在句中引导定语从句，修饰the College of Art，并在从句中作地点状语。‎ ‎13．You should realize the fact that when you graduate from university，you are still not prepared for the possible situations________you may face in the working world.‎ A．where B．that C．what D．when B　解析：考查定语从句。句意：你应该知道，当你大学毕业的时候，你依然还没准备好应对你在职场可能面对的各种局面。本空需要关系词引导定语从句修饰名词situations，且在从句中作face的宾语，此时用that/which引导这个定语从句。‎ ‎14．Lenovo has brought out a new laptop________ low cost will make it attractive to students.‎ A．which B．where C．whose D．what C　解析：考查定语从句。句意：联想又出了一种新型笔记本电脑，它低廉的价位会对学生们很有吸引力。先行词为a new laptop，在定语从句中作定语，故选C。‎ ‎15．(2019·南京模拟)The famous writer is going to talk about the European countries and people ________ he has visited in the past two months.‎ A．who B．whom C．that D．which C　解析：考查定语从句。句意：这位著名作家打算谈一谈他过去两个月参观过的欧洲国家和拜访过的人。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句且在定语从句中充当宾语，先行词是the European countries and people，既有人又有物，只能用that引导，而不能用which。故选C。‎ ‎16．The old pictures bring them to the days________they spent together，________ life was hard but happy.‎ A．when；whose B．which；whose C．which；when D．when；which C　解析：考查定语从句。句意：那些旧照片使他们回想起他们在一起度过的那些日子，当时生活很苦但很幸福。________they spent together为定语从句，先行词为the days，在定语从句中作spent的宾语，故用which或that；________life was hard but happy也为定语从句，修饰先行词the days，该先行词在从句中作时间状语，故用when，故选C。‎ ‎17．Many university graduates wish to be offered a job ________ they can find an opportunity to experience the excitement of it.‎ A．which B．why C．where D．what C　解析：考查定语从句。句意：许多大学毕业生希望被提供(这样)一份工作，在这份工作中他们能有机会去体验它的兴奋之处。根据句子结构来判断，空处在句中引导了一个定语从句，其先行词为a job，且空处在从句中作地点状语，所以要用关系副词where。‎ ‎18．Today is my grandfather’s 100th birthday，an occasion________ we are going to celebrate with all the family and a few friends in for the evening.‎ A．who B．which C．where D．when B　解析：考查定语从句。句意：今天是我爷爷的一百岁生日，‎ 晚上我们全家会和几个朋友聚在一起庆祝这个日子。先行词为occasion，从句中缺in的宾语，故用which。‎ ‎19．She is looking forward to the day ________ her daughter wins the gold medal in the Olympics.‎ A．how B．which C．when D．where C　解析：考查定语从句。句意：她盼望着女儿在奥运会中获得金牌的那一天(的到来)。空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作时间状语。故该定语从句应用when引导。‎ ‎20．________ is often the case，some British people are not familiar with different cultures.‎ A．Which B．As C．It D．That B　解析：考查固定搭配。as引导的非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作主语。As is often the case情况常常如此。句意：有些英国人不熟悉不同的文化，这是常有的事。故选B。‎ ‎21．Mary said she had finished her work in advance, ________ I doubted very much.‎ A．that B．what C．whose D．which D　解析：考查定语从句。句意：玛丽说她已经提前完成了她的工作，对此我深感怀疑。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，且空处在从句中作宾语，故只能用which引导。‎ ‎22．Each graduate standing on the playground，________ was accompanied by a parent，would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.‎ A．which B．who C．as D．where B　解析：考查分隔式定语从句。句意：在父亲或母亲的陪伴下，站在操场上的每个毕业生都会由校长亲自颁发给毕业证。先行词为Each graduate，在从句中作主语，故选B。‎ ‎23．The little monkey，________ mother was killed by a truck, is being taken good care of by an old man.‎ A．which B．where C．whose D．that C　解析：考查定语从句。句意：这只小猴子正由一位老人细心照料，它的母亲被一辆卡车撞死了。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词The little monkey，‎ 且关系词在从句中作定语修饰mother，表示“它的”，故选whose。‎ ‎24．(2019·盐城模拟)Janet as well as the other young people who_______sent abroad by the government_______brought up in a small town.‎ A．was；was B．was；were C．were；were D．were；was D　解析：定语从句中谓语的单复数取决于先行词，关系代词who修饰的先行词是the other young people，应用复数谓语动词；主句的主语为Janet，主句谓语动词应用单数。故选D。‎ ‎25．The economist ________ all of us are familiar will visit our company next week.‎ A．whom B．which C．with which D．with whom D　解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们大家都熟悉的那位经济学家下周将访问我们公司。分析句子结构可知，此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，介词可根据be familiar with这个固定搭配确定为with；再依据先行词为The economist(指人)可知，此处应用with whom来引导该定语从句。‎ ‎26．Yesterday evening I came across the man________ you think is pleased to________．‎ ‎ A．who；talk B．whom；get along with C．who；work with D．whom；be talked with C　解析：关系代词who在引导的限制性定语从句中充当主语，不及物动词后若跟宾语，则需加介词。故选C。‎ ‎27．The living standard of the people in China，________ is shown in the report，has improved over the past decades.‎ A．what B．as C．it D．that B　解析：句意：正如报告所显示的，中国人民的生活水平在过去的几十年里得到了改善。这里用as引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词as指代主句的内容并在从句中作主语。‎ ‎28．This restaurant has an inviting，homelike atmosphere________ many others are short of.‎ A．where B．when C．that D．what C　解析：句意：这家餐馆有一种诱人的、如家般的氛围，这是很多其他餐馆所没有的。这里需要用关系代词引导定语从句，且指物并在从句中作宾语，故选C。‎ ‎29．Just as Martin Luther King, Jr. said, peace is not merely a distant goal that we seek, but a means ________ we arrive at that goal.‎ A．in which B．with which C．by which D．to which C　解析：考查定语从句。句意：正如马丁·路德·金所说，和平不仅仅是我们追求的一个遥远的目标，还是我们达到那个目标的一种手段。根据语境并分析句子成分可知，先行词是means，空处在定语从句中作方式状语，故用by which。‎ ‎30．Li Hua made some foreign friends in the summer camp, ________， just like himself, are interested in world history.‎ A．where B．who C．they D．all B　解析：本题为分隔式非限制性定语从句，先行词是foreign friends，引导词在从句中作主语。此句的意思是“李华在夏令营交了一些外国朋友，就像他自己一样，他们对世界历史感兴趣。”‎ ‎31．I have to remind myself that some birds are not meant to be caged. Their feathers are just too bright. And when they fly away, the part of you ________ knows it is offence to lock them up does feel happy.‎ A．that B．who C．where D．when A　解析：考查定语从句。根据句子成分，空处引导定语从句，the part of you为先行词，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词that。‎ ‎32．Some citizens will attend a meeting to be held by our city government, the opinions ________ can be voiced freely there.‎ A．of which B．of whom C．in which D．in whom B　解析：考查定语从句。句意：一些市民将参加我们市政府举行的一个会议，在那里他们可以自由地发表他们的见解。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为citizens。在此the opinions of whom相当于whose opinions。‎ ‎33．It has been announced that the award will be given to ________ has made the largest donation to charity this year.‎ A．anyone B．the one C．whomever D．whoever D　解析：考查定语从句中的关系代词。句意：已经宣布奖项将会给予本年度为慈善机构捐款最多的人。这里关系代词既作主语又作宾语，且指人，只能选whoever，表示任何人，故选D。‎ ‎34．A story I read two years ago，________ name I can’t remember clearly, changed my idea about education.‎ A．which B．that C．whose D．what C　解析：考查定语从句。句意：两年前我读过的一个故事改变了我对教育的看法，它的名字我记不清楚了。whose修饰name，引导非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰先行词A story。‎ ‎35．She lost her temper，________ I decided to go back home.‎ A．in this case B．in which occasion ‎ C．at which point D．in the event C　解析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她失控了，在那个时候我决定回家。整个句子缺少连接词，要用从句，at which point在……时，which指代前面的She lost her temper这个场合，故选C项。‎ ‎36．The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.‎ A．which B．when C．as D．where D　解析：考查定语从句。句意：这本书在日常交际中给予了我很大的帮助，尤其是在第一印象至关重要的工作中。本题先行词为work，可以理解为抽象的地点；而从句部分不缺主语也不缺宾语，因此可以排除关系代词，而选择可以作状语的关系副词where。‎ ‎37．The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.‎ A．until B．that C．when D．where C　解析：考查分隔式定语从句。做好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先行词the hours和关系词被介词短语back to me所分隔。定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词hours，并且关系词在从句中用作状语，故应选择表示时间的关系副词when。‎ ‎38．Our English teacher often creates an environment ________we are given the opportunity to practice spoken English.‎ A．when B．which C．where D．that C　解析：句意：我们的英语老师常常给我们创造一种环境，在这种环境下，我们可以有机会练习英语口语。根据语境与句子结构可知答案为C项。‎ ‎39．I will forever remember a certain occasion________ we were in trouble and at that moment our best friend gave us a hand.‎ A．where B．which C．why D．when D　解析：考查定语从句。句意：我会永远记住当我们有麻烦时，我们最好的朋友帮助了我们。先行词是occasion，根据后面的时间状语at that moment可知 occasion指时间，从句中缺少的是状语，故要使用关系副词when，相当于at which time。‎ ‎40．My teachers always tell me that I have reached a point in my life________ I am supposed to make decisions by myself.‎ A．where B．which C．how D．why A　解析：考查定语从句。句意：我的老师总对我说，我已经到了应该自己作出决定的那个人生阶段。根据语境可知，先行词point在此作“阶段”讲，属于表示抽象概念的地点名词，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。‎