【英语】2019届二轮复习语法考点讲练之四：定语从句学案（4页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习语法考点讲练之四：定语从句学案（4页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习语法考点讲练之四 ：定语从句 ‎ 关系代词：which（指sth 作主语或宾语），that（指sb或sth 作主语或宾语），who（指sb作主语或宾语），whom（指sb作宾语），whose（指sb或sth，作定语）,as（指sb,sth 作主语或宾语）;‎ 做宾语的时候， 关系代词可以省略。‎ 关系副词：when（指时间 on which），where（指地点 at which），why（指原因 for which）‎ 考点1. 先行词为人时引导词who和that ‎ ‎(1) 只能用who不用that：‎ ‎1)当先行词为one(s), anyone, those时；‎ ‎2)当先行词为人称代词时。‎ ‎(2) 只能用that不用who：‎ ‎1)当主句已经出现who时。‎ ‎2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。‎ ‎1. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _______ he was twenty years ago. 2003‎ ‎ A. which B. that ‎ C. who D. whom ‎ 考点2. 先行词为物时引导词that和which ‎ ‎(1) 只能用that不用which：‎ ‎1)先行词为much, little, few, nothing, none, anything, no, all等不定代词。‎ ‎2）先行词既有人又有物。‎ ‎3）先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰。‎ ‎4）先行词被the very, the only, the last, just, all, any, every, no等修饰。‎ ‎5）关系代词在从句中作表语。‎ ‎6) 在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中。‎ ‎7) 主句是there be句型。‎ ‎1. I was very interested in _____ she told me.2009 A. all that B. all which C. all what D. That ‎2. There is no one in the world ______.1991‎ ‎ A. that ever made mistakes B. that has ever made mistakes ‎ C. that never makes mistakes D. that sometimes makes mistakes ‎(2) 只能用which不用that: ‎ ‎1) 定语从句中的介词前置时关系代词只能用which;‎ We depend on the land from which we get our food. ‎ ‎2) 引导非限制性定语从句时只能用which,其先行词可是一个词, 也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _____is something we had not expected. 2003‎ ‎ A. which B. it C. that D. what ‎ ‎2. We’ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, ____should make great differences in our life next summer.2002‎ ‎ A. which B. what C. that D. They 考点3：介词+关系代词 (which/ whom)‎ ‎(1) 关系代词前介词的确定方法：定语从句的动词与先行词的逻辑关系，或者从句的动词、形容词的习惯性搭配。‎ ‎1. The party, __I was the guest of honour, was extremely enjoyable.2006‎ ‎ A. by which B. for which C. to which D. at which ‎2. I’ve never been to Lhasa, but that’s the city _______.1999‎ A. I’d most like to visit ‎ B. which I like to visit mostly ‎ C. where I like to visit ‎ D. I’d like much to visit ‎3.I have never been to London, but that is the city ________.1997‎ A. where I like to visit most ‎ B. I'd most like to visit.‎ C. which I like to visit mostly ‎ D. where I'd like most to visit ‎(2) Whose从句 ‎1. Above the trees are the hills, _______ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.2003‎ ‎ A. where B. of whose ‎ C. whose D. which 考点4：关系副词的运用 ‎⑴ 先行词为“时间的名词”用when ‎1. She remembered several occasions in the past ____she had experienced a similar feeling.1998‎ A. which B. before ‎ C. that D. when ‎⑵ 先行词为“表示地点的名词”用where ‎1. Have you ever been in a situation _____ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?2002‎ ‎ A. by which B. that ‎ C. in where D. Where ‎⑶ 先行词为“表示原因的名词”why：reason＋why…（表示原因的名词只有一个）‎ 考点5：as与which引导的定语从句 as 放在句首句中都可以，which 必需放在句中，但下列情况多用as: ‎ ‎1) 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。‎ As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. ‎ ‎2) 当与such as或the same连用时，一般用as。‎ ‎3) as 引导的定语从句应与主句在意义上和谐一致，which无此限制： ‎ ‎ He went abroad, as [which] was expected. 他出国了，正如大家预料到的。 ‎ ‎ He went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出国了，这让大家感到很意外。(不用as) ‎ ‎1. Only take these clothes ______really necessary.1994‎ ‎ A. as were B. as they are ‎ ‎ C. as they were D. as are ‎2. _____ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals. 1994‎ ‎ A. That B. It C. This D. As ‎ 注意：‎ 定语从句中主谓一致问题：从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。‎ He is one of the teachers who know English well.‎ ‎ He is the only one of the teachers who knows English well.(特殊)‎ 定语从句高考真题训练 ‎1. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream. [上海卷]‎ ‎  a. which                     b. that                                   c. where                    d. it ‎2. —Where did you get to know her?‎ ‎—It was on the farm _________ we worked. [山东卷]‎ a．that              b．there                   c．which              d．where ‎3. The book was written in 1946, _________ the education system has witnessed great charges. [山东卷]‎ a．when            b．during which      c．since then           d．since when ‎4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it. [安徽卷]‎ ‎  a. none of them           b. both of them          c. none of whom           d. neither of whom ‎5. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy. [北京卷]‎ a. that                b. which                   c. what                d. whom ‎6. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, ___________ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. [湖南卷]‎ ‎  a. who               b. which                   c. what                d. that ‎7. He was educated at the local high school, ______ he went on to beijing university. [江苏卷]‎ ‎  a. after which            b. after that                            c. in which                   d. in that ‎8. After graduation she reached a point in her career      she needed to decide what to do. [江西卷]‎ ‎  a. that               b. what                     c. which               d. where ‎9. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _______they learn simple games and songs. [全国卷i]‎ ‎  a. then               b. there                    c. while               d. where ‎10. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases          beginners of english fail to use the language properly.‎ ‎[陕西卷]‎ a. which                   b. as                                     c. why                          d. where ‎11. The thought of going back home was     kept him happy while he was working abroad．[上海春]‎ ‎    a．that                        b．all that                            c．all what                   d．which ‎12. It is reported that two schools，_______ are being built in my hometown，will open next year. [四川卷]‎ ‎  a．they both       b．which both                     c．both of them            d．both of which ‎13. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ________ sight matters more than hearing.‎ ‎[天津卷]‎ a. when                      b. whose                          c. which                     d. where ‎14. Chan’s restaurant on baker street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. [浙江卷]‎ ‎  a. that                b. which                   c. who                d. where ‎15. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose. [重庆卷]‎ a. with which                  b. to which                  c. of which                  d. for which ‎16. Eric received training in computer for one year, _____ he found a job in a big company. [辽宁卷]‎ a. after that            b. after which               c. after it              d. after this ‎ ‎ ‎【key】 1—10 adddd  baddd   11—15 bddbb   16. b