专题08+介词（二）-2019年高考英语语法词汇与情景交际钻石考点提分秘籍

专题08+介词（二）-2019年高考英语语法词汇与情景交际钻石考点提分秘籍

‎ ‎ 考点六 表示属性、特征、观点或态度的介词 表示属性、特征、观点或态度的介词主要有：of, with, against, in favor of等。‎ ‎1. An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ____ it. (2012陕西)‎ A. against B. for C. to D. with ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎2. My father warned me _______ going to the West Coast because it was crowed with tourists. (2010天津)‎ A. by B. on C. for D. against ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】warn sb against doing sth意为“警告/提醒某人不要做某事”，符合句意。‎ ‎3. The wine industry in this area has developed in a special way, __________ little foreign ownership. (2009北京)‎ A. by B. of C. with D. from ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：这个地区的酿酒业发展迅猛，几乎没有外资公司。with意为“带有”，符合句意。‎ 考点七 与动词、名词、形容词或副词搭配的介词 大多数介词都能与动词、名词或形容词搭配使用，注意牢记其搭配形式及意义。‎ ‎1. 介词与动词的搭配 ‎1. People won’t pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying ‎ ‎_______ expression. （2014浙江）‎ ‎ A. from B. over C. with D. for ‎【答案】D ‎ 【解析】当人们有自己的想法急需表达的时候，他们不会听你的。cry for意为“急需……，迫切需要……”。‎ ‎2. You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must _____ you, I suppose. (2010 陕西) ‎ A. agree with B. agree to C. agree on D. agree about ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】指气候、食物等“适合某人”用agree with sb。‎ ‎3. — When did you last heard __________ Jay? （2008湖南）‎ ‎— He phoned me this morning, and we agreed __________ a time and place to meet. ‎ A. of; to B. about; with C. from; with D. from; on ‎ ‎ 注意牢记以下搭配：‎ ‎1. 动词+介词 这种结构常用的有：‎ 1) 动词+for account for 说明，占据 answer for 对……负责 hunt/look/search for 寻找 wait for 等候 care for 关心，喜欢 cry for 急需 stand for 代表 ask for 请求，要求 apply for 申请 head for 前往 call for 要求 ‎2） 动词+from learn from 向……学习 hear from 收到……的来信 suffer from 遭受……之苦 depart from 离开 result from 由于 differ from 与……不同 die from 死于 ‎3） 动词+about argue about 为……争论 enquire about 咨询 quarrel about 为……争吵 speak about 说起 think about 思考 set about 开始，着手 care about 对……感兴趣 hear about 听说 talk about 谈论 worry about 担心 ‎4）动词+with deal with 处理 meet with 遇到 talk with 与……谈话 compare with 相比较 begin with 始于 agree with 同意（某人的意见），适合 disagree with 不同意 equip with 装备 combine with 与……相结合 ‎5）动词+on ‎ agree on 就……达成协议 ‎ focus on 使聚焦，致力于 ‎ decide on 对……做出决定 ‎ depend on 依赖，依靠 ‎ insist on 坚持 ‎ ‎ rely on 依靠 ‎ keep on 继续 ‎ carry on 继续 ‎6）动词+of ‎ think of 想到 ‎ dream of 梦想 ‎ consist of 由……组成 ‎ die of 因（病）而死 ‎ doubt of 对……怀疑 ‎ speak of 谈到 ‎ tire of 厌倦 ‎ hear of 听说 ‎ complain of 抱怨，诉苦 ‎7）动词+in ‎ hand in 交出 ‎ bring in 引进 ‎ persist in 坚持 ‎ succeed in 获成功 ‎ result in 导致 ‎ trade in 交易 ‎ involve in 卷入 ‎ engage in 从事 ‎ fill in 填写 ‎ pour in 涌入 ‎ participate in 加入，参与 ‎ get in 收获（庄稼）‎ ‎8）动词+to ‎ come to 到达 ‎ stick to 坚持 ‎ object to 反对 ‎ agree to 答应（计划/想法）‎ ‎ adjust to 适应 attach to 附着于 attend to 处理 belong to 属于 relate to 与……有关 respond to 答复 contribute to 捐助，有助于 see to 照料 adapt to 适应 reply to 答复 attribute to 归因于 ‎9）动词+at look at 看，关注 laugh at 嘲笑 aim at 针对 gaze at 凝视 wonder at 惊讶 work at 用功，努力 ‎2. 三词动词 ‎1）动词+副词+介词 ‎ come up with 想出，提出 ‎ come up against 遭遇 ‎ come up to 到达 ‎ come out with 发表 ‎ catch up with 赶上 ‎ do away with 废除 ‎ drop out of 退出 get down to 认真对待，助手 ‎ get on with 与……相处 ‎ go in for 喜欢，从事 ‎ keep up with 跟上 look forward to 盼望 ‎ look up to 崇拜 ‎ look down upon 瞧不起 look out for 提防，照料 ‎ live up to 不辜负 ‎ make up for 弥补 ‎ run out of 用完，缺乏 ‎ put up with 忍受 ‎ stand up to 勇敢面对 ‎2）动词+名词+介词 ‎ catch sight of 瞥见 ‎ lose sight of 忘记 get rid of 摆脱 ‎ make friends with 与……交朋友 ‎ make fun of 取笑 ‎ make room for 为……腾出地方 ‎ lose interest in 丧失信心 pay attention to 注意 ‎ show interest in 对……感兴趣 ‎ take care of 照顾 ‎ take pride in 以……为荣 ‎ take part in 参加 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 巩固练习：‎ ‎1. After the earthquake, the injured were cared __________ in the local hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals in the neighboring cities. ‎ A. of B. for C. after D. with ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】care for是固定搭配，意为“护理”，符合句意。‎ ‎2. Children need friends __________ their own age to play with.‎ A. of B. for C. in D. at ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】介词短语of their own age作定语，意为“和他们年龄相同的”。‎ ‎3. — How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space! ‎ ‎— It’s a challenge, I guess, __________ man against nature. ‎ A. of B. for C. by D. about ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】I guess是插入语，of man against nature是介词短语作challenge的后置定语。‎ ‎4. Although __________ my opinion, the old professor didn’t come up with his own.‎ A. against B. on C. for D. in ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎5. Marie Curie took little notice __________ the honors that were given to her in her late years. ‎ A. of B. on C. about D. from ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】take notice of意为“注意到，在意”。‎ ‎6. — When did you last heard __________ Jay?‎ ‎— He phoned me this morning, and we agreed __________ a time and place to meet. ‎ A. of; to B. about; with C. from; with D. from; on ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】hear from sb为固定搭配，意为“接到某人的电话”；agree on sth意为“就某事达成一致意见”。‎ ‎7. Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly __________ size and shape.‎ A. on B. from C. by D. in ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】differ in是固定搭配，意为“在某方面不同”，符合句意。‎ ‎8. Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain __________ an inch. ‎ A. by B. at C. to D. from ‎ ‎ ‎9. The number of the employees has grown from 1,000 to 1,200; this means it has risen __________ 20 percent.‎ A. by B. at C. to D. with ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】by可表示增加或减少的量，其他三个介词没有这种用法。‎ ‎10. — You are so lucky.‎ ‎— What do you mean __________ that? ‎ A. for B. in C. of D. by ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】by that在此表示“那样说”。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎