【英语】2018届一轮复习人教版必修3Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld学案(6)

【英语】2018届一轮复习人教版必修3Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld学案(6)

人教版新课标必修 3 Unit 1 全单元 精讲讲义 Unit 1 Festivals around the world Ⅰ. 要点导读 要点导读：honour, satisfy, award, apologize, remind, take place, lead to, in the shape of, in memory of, as though, turn up, 情态动词等。 重点单词 1. Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. (P2) (1) honour“向某人 / 某物致敬；表扬某人；给某人以荣誉”， 常用结构 honour sb / sth (with sth)。 eg: Will you honour me with your visit? (2) the dead“死者”，the + adj. 表示一类人，eg: the rich (富人)，the poor (穷人)，the wounded (伤 员)，the blind (盲人) (3) satisfy vt. “满足；使满意”， satisfied adj.，常用搭配有 be satisfied with“对……满意”。 eg: She is never satisfied with what she has got. (4) do harm to sb = harm sb“损害；伤害；危害”；do more harm than good“弊大于利”；be harmful to sb“对某人有害”。 eg: Smoking is harmful to your health. 2. Some people might win awards for their animals, flowers, fruit and vegetables. (P2) award (1) n. “奖励；奖品(尤其指政府或组织给予的)”。 (2) v. “授予” reward“报酬；奖赏”，常指为了报答而给的报酬；prize 指各种竞赛获奖的奖励。 3. Well, he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize. (P7) apologize vi. “道歉” apologize to sb“向……表示歉意” eg: What I have done is right. Why should I apologize to her? apologize for“因……道歉” eg: You must apologize for not inviting him to attend the party. 4. I don’t want them to remind me of her. (P7) remind “使(某人)回想起过去经历过的事或见过的人／物”，主语起提示的作用。通常用 remind sb of sth，也可用 remind + sb + 从句。eg: The closed door of his house reminded me that he had gone to Shanghai. The sight of the piece of wire reminded me how he once opened a safe. 经典短语 1. Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and one thing that people do at that time. (P1) take place “发生”，指某项活动的举行、进行，强调经过安排或计划之后的情况。 eg: The 30th Olympic Games will take place in London in 2012. happen 也可表示“发生”，是一般用语，指具体事物偶然发生，或指不能预料的情况的发生，后接 不定式时有“碰巧；恰好”之意。eg: Where did the accident happen / occur? occur 以上两层含义都有。 注：take place 和 happen 都不能用于被动语态。 2. They light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. (P1) lead… to “领往；通往；导致”，其中 to 是介词，后接名词。 类似的词组有：add to (增加)， add up to (总计)， agree to (同意)， belong to (属于)， be / get used to (习惯于)， compare … to… (把……比作)， look forward to (盼望；期待)， pay attention to (注 意),，point to (指向)， refer to (谈到; 涉及),，reply to (答复)， stick to (坚持)。 3. On this important feast day, people might eat food in the shape of skulls, and cakes with “bones” on them. in the shape of “以……形式”，是固定搭配。 shape 指外部的线条，但有较强的“团，块”的概念；form 应用较广，可指外在的形状或内在的形 式等。 eg: The desk is round in shape. This painting shows a good sense of form. with “bones” on them 是“with + 宾语 + 补足语”的复合结构。 eg: The man entered the room, with a book in his hand. 4. The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in memory of the dead. (P2) in memory of sb“纪念某人”，也可以用 to the memory of sb。 eg: The film Ke Ke Xi Li was made in memory of those who were killed for protecting the Tibetan antelope. 在此句中，have its / an origin as … “以……作为起源”。 eg: This custom has an unknown origin. 5. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. (P3) as though = as if “好像，仿佛”，引导方式状语从句。当从句的内容与事实相符时，从句用陈述语 气；若从句的内容与事实相反，从句用虚拟语气。eg: As long as she dresses up, she looks as though she were ten years younger. Tom has never been to Egypt, but he talks about Egypt as if he had been there before. even if / though 意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句。 eg: The couple still treated the little girl badly even though she had improved a lot. so that / in order that 意为“以便”，引导目的状语从句，从句中往往出现 can，could，may， might， will， would 等情态动词。 eg: I will leave you alone so that you can study well. 6. It was Valentine’s Day and Hu Jin had said she would meet him at the coffee shop after work. But she didn’t turn up. (P7) turn up“出现；到场；调大(指把收音机、电视等的音量)；被发现。 eg: We were just about to give up hope when the missing cat turned up last night. Bob promised to attend my birthday party, but he hasn’t turned up so far. The noise outside is too loud. Would you please turn up the TV? 7. dress up “盛装；打扮；装饰” eg: They are dressing the room up with a tree and colourful paper for Christmas. 8. play a trick on = play tricks on“搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑”。类似的短语还有： play a joke / jokes on “戏弄”； make fun of“取笑”。 eg: You can play a trick on everyone on April Day. 9. look forward to “期望；期盼；盼望”。to 是介词，后接名词、代词或 V-ing。 eg: The children are looking forward to the summer holidays, when they can do whatever they like. We are looking forward to seeing you again soon. 10. day and night “日夜；昼夜；整天”。类似的短语还有：night and day / all day and all night eg: She looked after her husband day and night, hoping he could come to himself one day. 11. have fun with = have a good time = enjoy oneself “玩得开心” eg: I haven’t had such fun for years since I graduated from university. Ⅱ. 热点语法：情态动词用法难点小结 一、情态动词表可能和推测 1. can / could 既可表示能力(ability)，又可表示可能性(possibility)，could 只能表示过去一般性的能力； may 只表示可能性，不能表“能力”；shall 表将来才具备的能力。 2. 表推测的情态动词的层次比较：不同的情态动词表达的肯定的程度也不同，一般顺序是：must ﹥will﹥would﹥should﹥ought to﹥can﹥could﹥may﹥might 注：would，could，should，might 并不一定与过去时间有关，而表示可能性弱于他们相应的现在 的形式。 二、情态动词表特定的语气或态度 1. can 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。 eg: This can’t be done by such a little boy. Can this be right? How can you be so cruel to him! 2. may 可以用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 eg: May you merry Christmas. 3. Why / How + should 结构表示说话人对某事不能理解、感到惊讶等，译为“竟会”。 eg: Why should you be so late for the meeting? 语法专练： 1. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes. A. must B. can C. should D. would 2. ---I’m sorry. I at you the other day. ---Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A. shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted 3. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we it without you. A. can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed 4. You be hungry already — you had lunch only two hours ago! A. wouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t 5. She have left school, for her bike is still here. A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 6. John promised his doctor he not smoke, and he has smoked ever since. A. might B. should C. could D. would 7. ---I can’t find my purse anywhere. ---You have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C. should D. would 8. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you take care of your luggage. A. can B. may C. must D. will 9. ---What do you think we can do for our aged parents? ---You do anything except to be with them and be yourself. A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t 10. ---How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? ---It be, but it is now heavily polluted. A. will B. would C. should D. must 二、单项选择 21. ---Can you give an example to show how useful a computer is? ---Sure. ___________ people get ___________ information from it every day. A. A large number of; plenty of B. The number of; a lot of C. Lots of; a lot D. Many a; a great deal of 22. He is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does _______ his boss. A. serves B. satisfies C. promises D. supports 23. _______ our food running out, we had to walk to a village for help. A. Since B. Because C. With D. For 24. ---Our new teacher’s English is difficult for me to ___________. ---Why don’t you ask your brother ___________ help? A. understand; with B. follow; for C. speak; for D. pick up; by 25. Mr Baker _______ in his old clothes, while his wife ______ a very beautiful skirt. A. dressed; was wearing B. was dressed; was having on C. was dressed; was wearing D. was wearing; was dressed 26. He dropped the ______ and broke it. A. cup of coffee B. coffee’s cup C. cop for coffee D. coffee cup 27. --- May I have _______ honor of dining with you? --- Sure, I feel quite honored, because you are _______ honor to our city. A. an; the B. the; an C. the; the D. an; an 28. He certainly looked the part all right, he thought as he ______ himself in the mirror. A. looked B. showed C. admired D. enjoyed 29. We are all looking forward ______ the Great Wall during the National Day. A. to visiting B. to visit C. for visiting D. for a visit to 30. The great day he looked forward to ______ at last. A. coming B. come C. came D. having come 31. It looks _______ you are ill. You should go to see the doctor. A. as B. as though C. which D. whether 32. --- Look! It looks as if it ______ going to rain. We must hurry. --- OK. A. was B. is C. were D. will be 33. _______ it is to go for a picnic on such a fine day! A. What a fun B. What fun C. How funny D. How a fun 34. --- It was careless of you to have left the house without turning off the gas. --- My god! _______. A. So were you B. So was I C. So did I D. So I did 35. --- What are you doing, John? Why stop? --- To be on the safe side, we'd fill up the tank now for we _______run out of gas on the way A. must B. will C. might D. should 三、完形填空 When I was a boy, every holiday that I had seemed wonderful. My 36 took me by train or by car to a hotel by the 37 . All day, I seem to remember, I 38 on the sands with strange 39 children. We made houses and gardens, and 40 the tide destroy them. When the tide went out, we 41 over the rocks and looked down at the fish in the rock-pools. In those days the 42 seemed to shine always brightly 43 the water was always warm. Sometimes we left beach and walked in the country, 44 ruined houses and dark woods and climbing trees. There were 45 in one’s pockets or good places where one could 46 ice creams. Each day seemed a lifetime. Although I am now thirty-five years old, my idea of a good 47 is much the same as it was. I 48 like the sun and warm sand and the sound of 49 beating the rocks. I no longer wish to 50 any sand house or sand garden, and I dislike sweets. 51 , I love the sea and often feel sand running through my fingers. Sometimes I 52 what my ideal (理想的) holiday will be like when I am 53 . All I want to do then, perhaps, will be to lie in bed, reading books about 54 who make houses and gardens with sands, who watch the incoming tide, who make themselves 55 on too many ices… 36. A. teacher B. parents C. nurse D. younger sister 37. A. sea B. lake C. mountain D. river 38. A. playedB. slept C. sat D. stood 39. A. moving B. exciting C. anxious D. nervous 40. A. made B. brought C. watched D. heard 41. A. rolled B. jumped C. turned D. climbed 42. A. light B. sun C. moonD. lamp 43. A. and B. yet C. but D. or 44. A. exploring B. examiningC. repairing D. measuring 45. A. sweets B. sand C. ice-creams D. money 46. A. make B. sell C. buy D. offer 47. A. house B. holiday C. garden D. tide 48. A. hardly B. almost C. still D. perhaps 49. A. waves B. tides C. handsD. feet 50. A. destroy B. fix C. use D. build 51. A. But B. However C. OtherwiseD. Besides 52. A. wonder B. feel C. understand D. believe 53. A. strong B. weak C. young D. old 54. A. children B. boys C. girls D. grown-ups 55. A. happy B. tired C. sad D. sick 四、阅读理解 A Thanksgiving Day is special holiday in the United States and Canada. Families and friends gather to eat and give thanks for their blessing. Thanksgiving Day is really a harvest festival. This is why it is celebrated in late fall, after the crops are in. But one of the first thanksgivings in America had nothing to do with a good harvest. On December 4, 1619, the Pilgrims from England landed near what is now Charles City, Virginia. They knelt down and thanked God for their safe journey across the Atlantic. The first New England Thanksgiving did celebrate a rich harvest. The Pilgrims landed at what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1620. They had a difficult time and the first winter was cruel. Many of the Pilgrims died. But the next year, they had a good harvest. So Governor Bradford declared a three-day feast (盛宴). The Pilgrims invited Indian friends to join them for their special feast. Everyone brought food. In time, other colonies (殖民地) began to celebrate a day of thanksgiving. But it took years before there was a national Thanksgiving Day. During the Civil War, Sarah Josepha Hale persuaded Abraham Lincoln to do something about it. He proclaimed ( 宣 布 ) the last Thursday of November 1863 as a day of thanksgiving. Today, Americans celebrate this happy harvest festival on the fourth Thursday in November. Canadians celebrate Thanksgiving Day in much the same way as their American neighbors. But the Canadian thanks-giving Day falls on the second Monday in October. 56. Thanksgiving Day is celebrated . A. in spring B. summer C. in autumn D. in winter 57. The first to celebrate thanksgiving were . A. some people from England B. the American Indians C. Sarah Josepha Hale D. Governor Bradford 58. We can infer from the passage that New England must be . A. in the U. S. A. B. in Great Britain C. in Canada D. on some island off the Atlantic 59. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Thanksgiving Day used to be a holiday to celebrate a good harvest. B. Abraham Lincoln was not the first to decide on thanksgiving celebrations. C. Thanksgiving Day is celebrated to express the American and Indian people’s thanks to God. D. There’s little difference between the American way and the Canadian way to celebrate Thanksgiving Day. 60. The passage mainly tells us . A. how Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in the U. S. A. B. how Thanksgiving Day came into being and the different ways it is celebrated C. that Thanksgiving Day is in fact a harvest holiday D. how the way to celebrate Thanksgiving Day changed with the time and places B Customs are social habits. They have been handed down through generations (代) among groups, social classes, etc. Customs can be described as ways of doing things. They are particularly (特别) strong in social practices on the occasions (场合) of births, marriages and deaths. In China, these days, some people in cities are learning from Western customs. For example, some brides dress in the long white dress that is usual bridal wear in many Western countries. Every people (民族) has special customs for New Year. The Han people have many interesting Spring Festival customs. And now, quite a number of people living in the cities have followed the Western customs of sending New Year greeting cards for January 1st. One interesting custom in China is that mothers wrap (包) up their babies tightly (紧紧的).This is not the custom in Western countries, where babies are usually dressed in loose garments. 61. It is true that customs . A. have been formed during a short time B. have been formed little by little C. have been quickly formed and changed D. have never been changed 62. In this passage, the word “garment” is . A. a kind of food B. a bed C. a sort of clothes D. a room 63. How do the Chinese young people learn from Western countries at their marriages? A. The brides (新娘) have on the white clothes. B. Men wear the white coats. C. Their parents all have attended their marriages. D. Their marriages are only held in the men’s homes. 64. From this passage we know . A. the people all over China spend New Year in the same way B. people in the villages and cities send New Year greeting cards to each other C. each people has his special custom for New Year D. most of Chinese people take Spring Festival seriously 65. The difference about clothing between Chinese and Western babies is that . A. Chinese babies are usually dressed in new clothes B. Chinese mothers are used to dressing their babies in colourful clothes C. Western babies are dressed in bigger clothes while Chinese babies are usually wrapped D. Western babies have more clothes than Chinese babies 五、书面表达 假设一批外国友人要在中国过春节，他们想了解我国过春节的情况。请你根据下面要点写一篇英 语短文。 1、春节是中国的重大节日。 2、节前人们要大扫除。 3、全家人在一起吃年夜饭。 4、孩子们会收到压岁钱。 5、年初一穿新衣服，走亲访友，互道吉利。 词数：100 左右 生词：春节 the Spring Festival；压岁钱 Yasuiqian 参考答案及重点解析 语法专练： 1—5 BBBBA 6—10 DACAC 二、单项填空 21—25 ABCBC 26—30 DBCAC 31—35 BBBDC 重点解析： 22. 本题通过语境考查词义辨析。serve 服务；提供；satisfy 使满意；promise 答应；许诺；support 支持；养活。 23. 介词宾语 food 后跟有补足语 running out，四个选项中只有 with 可以用于这种结构，故选 C 项。 句意为：食物快吃完了，我们只好步行去村里求助。 24. 解本题时应该首先从第二个空入手。依据 ask sb. for 排除 A、D 两项。对我来说老师的英语只 能是听得懂或听不懂，不能是 speak，排除 C。 25. 依据 be dressed in 排除 A、D 项；have on 不可用于进行时，故选 C。 26. 由 broke it 可知是把喝咖啡的杯子打碎了，应用 coffee cup；而 the cup of coffee 意为“那杯咖 啡”。在英语中常用名词作定语修饰另一名词，以表示中心词的“用途、职能、性质、类别、性别、 身份”或“制作材料、发生的时间、动作的对象”等。如：coffee shop, tea cup, tea room, room key, telephone number, school bus, time table, woman doctor 等。 27. have the honour of sth / of doing sth 意为“得到某殊荣；有幸做某事”，例如：May I have the honour of the next dance? (能赏光和我跳下一个舞吗？)；第二空后的 honour 是可数名词，但是多用作单数。 28. 句意为：他一边照镜子一边想他当然很像那个角色。“照镜子”要用 admire oneself in the mirror。 故选 C。 30. 解本题时首先要分清结构： he looked forward to 是定语从句，省略了作宾语的关系代词 that 或 which；The great day _______ at last.是主句，从结构来看，本题考查主句中的谓语动词，故选 C。 三、完形填空 36—40 BAABC 41—45 DBAAA 46—50 CBCAD 51—55 BADAD 重点解析： 36. 作者回忆儿时假日，根据常识可判断为其父母亲（parents）带他远游。 37. 从后文提到的词语 beach（海滨），sand（沙滩）等可知作者在海边(by the sea)。 38. play with sb.，与某人玩耍。 39. 可从词义来判断。moving 令人感动的；anxious，焦急的；nervous,紧张的，均不合题意。 40. watch sb. do, 看着某人做某事。 43. 此处 and 表示承接。 44. explore 意为“搜寻”，此处用现在分词形式作伴随状语。 45. 后文中有提示，且小孩口袋里的东西，常为“糖果”(sweets)。 46.“有可以买到冰淇淋的好地方”，故选择动词 buy（买）。 48. 与上句照应，多年来，我“仍然”喜欢……。 49. tides 指“潮汐”，而文中指“海浪”（waves）拍打岩石的声音。 50. build sand house（建沙房子）与文章开头 make sand house 同义。 51.表示语义的转折且单独使用，用 however。 53. 作者想知道以后理想中的假日是什么模样，以后指“年老的时候”。 54. 只有儿时人们才迷恋于沙子堆成的小房子，所以此处指“孩子们”。 四、阅读理解 56—60 CAACB 61—65 BCACC 重点解析： 56.第二段第二句话 “That is why it is celebrated in late fall…” 中的 late fall 意思是“晚秋”。 57. 第二段后半部分讲述了来自英国的清教徒移民举办感恩节是为了感谢上帝使他们平安横渡大 西洋到美洲。 58.由第三段前两句可知 New England 和 Massachusetts 是美国的两个洲。 60. 综观全文可知，短文主要讲述了感恩节的来历以及人们庆祝此节日的不同方式。 61. 此题考查细节事实。从文章的第二句可知，风俗是慢慢形成并逐代流传的。 62. 此题考查词义猜测。从该词所处的位置可知，此为介绍东西方在包裹孩子方式上的不同。中国 一般是把孩子紧紧包起；西方应是给孩子穿一种宽松的衣服。 63. 此题考查细节事实。从文章的第二段可知，中式婚咽吸取了西式的风俗——新娘穿白色婚纱。 64. 此题考查细节事实。从第三段可知，每个民族都有其庆祝春节的特殊风俗。 五、改错 76. √ 77. 【答案】means [来源:zz@s&te~p.c%o#m][来源^:&*@中教网%] 【试题解析】本句的主语是 the understanding…，这是单个的动名词定语，做主语的时候，谓语动 词要使用单数形式。故使用 means。 78. 【答案】 trust 【试题解析】本句是一个并列结构，动词 trust 与前面的 have…是并列结构，由 and 连接。句义： 这就意味着他们两个都要有相似的观点并相互信任。[来源:中国*^&教育@#出版网][来#源:中%&教 网^*] 79. 【答案】them 【试题解析】前面几句都提到的是 they，指的是多个朋友。所以应该使用 them 指代前面的 they 在句中作为 for 的宾语。句义：否则，对他们来说相互帮助并让友谊长久是不可能的。 80. 【答案】去掉 to 【试题解析】本句是一个固定结构 make sb/sth do sth 让 sb/sth 做…；本句表示：让他们的友谊持 续长久的时间。 81. 【答案】real [中~国#教育出版网&^%] 【试题解析】应该使用形容词 real 做定语修饰后面的名词 froendship，really 是一个副词，在句中 通常做状语。 82. 【答案】should 后面加 be [中国教育出%~@版#网*] 【试题解析】固定搭配 be able to do sth 能够做某事；句义：真正的友谊应该能承担起各种考验。 83. 【答案】as 【试题解析】实际上本句是一个定语从句，先行词是 good friends，因为前面有 as many 修饰，所 以关系代词使用 as，指代先行词，并在句中作为 have 的宾语。句义：交到尽可能多的朋友是很明 智的。[中国^教@育出#~版&网] 84. 【答案】 from 【试题解析】固定搭配 learn from sb 向某人学习。句义：我们的朋友越多，我们相互之间学到的东 西就越多。 85. 【答案】and 【试题解析】考察句子结构。句义：我们的朋友越多，我们相互之间学到的东西就越多，并且我们 分享的快乐就越多。根据句义可知上下文之间是并列关系，故使用 and 连接上下文。 五、书面表达 One possible version: As you know, the Spring Festival in China is a grand festival. We celebrate it cheerfully. The day before the festival is eve. People have a thorough cleaning everywhere. In the evening the whole family are sitting together, having supper and watching TV until midnight. The money, which is called “Yasuiqian”, is given to children by elders as a gift. On the first day of the new year, all the people, old and young, put on new clothes, pay a visit to their friends and relatives and wish each other good luck in the new year.