专题04+阅读理解议论文（冲关押题训练）-备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈

专题04+阅读理解议论文（冲关押题训练）-备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈

备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈 专题04 冲关押题训练 Passage1‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 男人和女人对钱的看法 ‎290 ‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎6分钟 It’s an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My wife says no because we have no savings to save us. I say you only live once and we work hard and what’s the point if you can’t go on holiday. The joy of a recession (不景气) means no argument next year — we just won’t go.‎ Since money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful. For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday. A YouGov survey of 2,000 people found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money. A recent research shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples.‎ Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money may be different things to men and women. ＂People can say the same things about money but have different ideas of what it’s for, ＂ he explains. ＂They’ll say it’s to save, to spend, for security, for freedom, to show someone you love them.＂ He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that they’ve achieved something.‎ ‎ ＂The biggest problem is that couples assume each other know what’s going on with their finances, but they don’t. There seems to be more of a taboo (禁忌) about talking about money than about death. But you both need to know what you’re doing, who’s paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately. In a healthy relationship, you don’t have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it.＂‎ ‎1. What does the author say about going on holiday in Paragraph 1?‎ A. It will cost them too much money.‎ B. Few people can afford it without working hard.‎ C. It makes all the hard work worthwhile.‎ D. It is the chief cause of family quarrels.‎ ‎2. According to the text, what does Kim Stephenson believe?‎ A. Money is often a symbol of a person’s status.‎ B. Money means a great deal to both men and women.‎ C. Men and women spend money on different things.‎ D. Men and women view money in different ways.‎ ‎3. The author suggests that couples should________.‎ A. put their money together instead of keeping it separately B. discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship C. make efforts to reach agreement on their family budgets D. avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic ‎【文章大意】文章通过度假的问题引入话题，男人和女人对钱的看法是不一样的，夫妻应该就钱的问题多进行讨论，这样可以建立健康的关系。‎ ‎1. C　【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第四句＂I say you only live once and we work hard and what’s the point if you can’t go on holiday.＂可知，我们的努力工作是值得去度假的，故选C。‎ ‎3. B　【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句＂In a healthy relationship, you don’t have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it.＂可知，作者认为夫妻应该就钱的问题多讨论，这样可以建立健康的关系，故选B。‎ Passage2‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 饲养宠物存在的问题 ‎ 407 ‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎6分钟 A recent survey in the United States showed that the average family spent more money on its pets than on its children. Although rather shocking, it should not surprise anyone who has seen the doggy parlours(客厅) where loved pets rest. Are Americans unique in treating their little friends in this way? No, the English, too, pay more attention to their pets.‎ This can clearly be seen when we look at pet foods，which often contain more vitamins than human food. They certainly cost much. Last year the British public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, to say nothing of veterinary bills or animal furniture. It is difficult not to feel angry about this when considering what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty, so it’s not unusual for me to get hot under collar when I read an old man left all his money to his dog instead of his children.‎ There are a variety of reasons why I find pets-raising alarming. They cause physical problems. An example of this is New York where they have great difficulty getting rid of the mess that dogs leave on the streets. Many people find this funny, but in a number of large cities it is a major problem. Animals can cause disease, too. It is the threat of babies — a disease with no known cure.‎ Another problem is the carelessness of pet owners. Most little children want a dog or a cat，and they continually push their mothers and fathers until they get one. It is only when the ＂sweet little thing＂ has been brought home that the parents realize how much time and money must be spent on ＂Rover＂ or ＂Bonzo＂. Then they just abandon it. As a result, they are allowed to run free. English farmers lose hundreds of sheep a year, killed by someone’s pet and you must have read of children being hurt by some pets of their own.‎ Lastly, I would only suggest that we have got our priorities wrong and that something should be done about it. In my view, it’s time we stopped being sentimental about pets. I can see no reason why we should get upset when animals are cut up for medical experiments. This will lead us to discovering cures for serious human diseases, then I say,＂keep cutting!＂‎ ‎1. The doggy parlours are mentioned in the 1st paragraph to show ________. ‎ A. what costly lives the pets are living B. where Americans keep their pets C. why children love their pets so much D. how much pets depend on their masters ‎2. In the second paragraph ＂to get hot under the collar＂ probably means ________. ‎ A. getting quite hot B. becoming excited C. feeling extremely angry D. receiving a fashionable shirt ‎3. According to the author, in which field can animals be most useful?‎ A. Food. B. Sports. ‎ C. Entertainment. D. Medicine.‎ ‎4. What is the author’s attitude towards pets-raising?‎ A. Sympathetic. B. Opposed.‎ C. Pitiful. D. Supportive.‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。作者通过介绍饲养宠物存在的种种问题(譬如饲养成本昂贵、宠物致人受伤、传染疾病等)，表达了自己反对饲养宠物，而是应当将宠物用于贡献人类医学实验的观点。‎ ‎1. A　【解析】推理判断题。＂the doggy parlours＂所在的句子就是为了进一步阐释第一句＂A recent survey in the United States showed that the average family spent more money on its pets than on its children.＂，即如今人们在饲养宠物上花销巨大的现状。故答案为A。‎ ‎3. D　【解析】推理判断题。从本文的最后两句＂I can see no reason why we should get upset...This will lead us to discovering cures for serious human diseases...＂可知作者认为宠物在人类医学领域可以起着有益的作用。因此答案为D。‎ ‎4. B　【解析】观点态度题。文章前面介绍了成本昂贵、传染疾病等饲养宠物的危害，后面又提到应把宠物用于贡献人类医学领域中去，故而可以看出作者对于饲养宠物的做法持反对态度。因此答案为B。‎ Passage3‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 人生建议 ‎ 329‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎7分钟 Life can be so wonderful, full of adventure and joy. It can also be full of challenges, setbacks(挫折) and heartbreaks. Whatever our circumstances, we generally still have dreams, hopes and desires that little something more we want for ourselves and our loved ones. Yet knowing we can have more can also create a problem, because when we go to change the way we do things, up come the old patterns and pitfalls(陷阱) that stopped us from seeking what we wanted in the first place.‎ This tension between what we feel we can have and what we’re seemingly able to have is the niggling(烦人的)suffering, the anxiety we feel. This is where we usually think it’s easier to just give up. But we’re never meant to let go of part of us that knows we can have more. The intelligence behind that knowing is us — the real us. It’s the part that believes in the life and its possibilities. If you drop that, you begin to feel a little ＂dead＂ inside because you’re dropping ＂you＂. ‎ So, if we have this capability but somehow life seems to keep us stuck，how do we break these patterns?‎ Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time. This is good advice for a new adventure or just getting through today’s challenges.‎ While, deep down, we know we can do it, our mind — or the minds of those close to us — usually says we can’t. That isn’t a reason to stop, it’s just the mind, that little man or woman on your shoulder, trying to talk you out of something again. It has done it many times before. It’s all about starting simple and doing it now.‎ Decide and act before overthinking. When you do this you may feel a little, or large, release from the jail of your mind and you’ll be on your way.‎ ‎1. It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that we should ________. ‎ A. slow down and live a simple life B. be careful when we choose to change C. stick to our dreams under any circumstances D. be content with what we already have ‎2. What is the key to breaking the old patterns?‎ A. To focus on every detail.‎ B. To decide and take immediate action.‎ C. To listen to those close to us.‎ D. To think twice before we act.‎ ‎3. Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the last paragraph?‎ A. Escape from your punishment.‎ B. Realization of your dreams.‎ C. Freedom from your tension.‎ D. Reduction of your expectations.‎ ‎4. What does the author intend to tell us?‎ A. It’s easier than we think to get what we want.‎ B. It’s important to learn to accept sufferings in life.‎ C. It’s impractical to change our way of thinking.‎ D. It’s harder than we expect to follow a new course.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。生活中有许多挑战，我们面对挑战、追求梦想时可能会陷入僵局。作者提供了一些建议——不要杞人忧天，放下包袱，实现梦想很容易。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句＂If you drop that，you begin to feel a little ‘dead’ inside because you’re dropping ‘you’. ＂可知，如果你放弃了梦想，就开始感觉自己内心＂死了＂，因为你失去了自己的追求。由此可以推理出，在任何情况下我们都应该坚持梦想。‎ ‎3.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的建议＂Decide and act before overthinking.＂(在过度思虑之前做决定和行动)可知，不要杞人忧天，你要感到放松。故C正确。‎ ‎4.A 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知作者针对追求梦想提供了一些建议，告诉我们不要杞人忧天，放下包袱，实现梦想很容易。由此可知A正确。‎ Passage4‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 小学生家庭作业问题 ‎ 345 ‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎6分钟 After a year of examining studies concerning whether homework is effective, NYC P.S. 116 elementary school decided that math worksheets and essay assignments were actually a waste of time. In February, Principal Jane Hsu sent a letter to parents stating that the Pre-K through fifth grade students would not be given any traditional homework to encourage kids to have free time for reading, playing outside, or doing activities they enjoy.‎ ‎"The negative effects of homework have been well established," Hsu wrote in a note to parents. "They include: children’s frustration and exhaustion, lack of time for other activities and family time and, sadly for many, loss of interest in learning."‎ Some parents, however, disagree with the policy change, believing that a lack of focus will cause children to fall behind. Homework has been part of education from the beginning, and has increased in volume in recent years.‎ Hsu’s advice that children should read and spend time with their families has upset some parents to the point of considering pulling their children out of P.S. 116. This group feels that homework assignments give children a goal to work toward. Others feel so strongly about the importance of homework that they have begun giving their own homework assignments to their children.‎ An Australian Childhood Foundation survey found that 71% of Australian parents feel they do not spend enough quality time with their children mainly because of the time spent running the household or the time spent helping with homework. Education experts in Australia are saying that parents should stop helping. Doing so will give kids more independence, will give parents more free time, and will help reduce the number of homework-induced arguments in the family.‎ While some research suggests that homework has little academic benefit for elementary students, other research shows homework can help kids develop independence, and confidence. It can also ‎ contribute to a sense of belonging or control over their lives. When parents try to help their children with homework, the assistance can take away that feeling and can also drain already exhausted working parents.‎ ‎1.Cancelling traditional homework is aimed at __________.‎ A. allowing students to learn on their own B. inspiring students to spend more time with parents C. wishing students to seek self-development D. motivating students to help with housework ‎2.What can be concluded from the 1st and 2nd paragraph?‎ A. Jane Hsu is the first principal to cancel homework.‎ B. Jane Hsu has done thorough research on homework.‎ C. Jane Hsu paid little attention to students’ academic records.‎ D. Jane Hsu knows students prefer activities to their subjects.‎ ‎3.Why are some parents strongly against Principal Jane Hsu?‎ A. They have no time to give their children homework.‎ B. They don’t think the school is responsible for their kids.‎ C. They are afraid their kids will fall behind.‎ D. They dislike their kids doing too many activities.‎ ‎4.What is the author’s attitude to parents’ helping kids with homework?‎ A. Supportive. B. Indifferent. ‎ C. Ironic. D. Negative.‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇议论文，文章对是否应该给小学生布置家庭作业进行了论述。 ‎ ‎1.C 【解析】考查细节理解。依据第一段末尾的"...to encourage kids to have free time for reading, playing outside, or doing activities they enjoy"可知，这所学校取消数学和作文这类家庭作业是为了让孩子们有更多的时间读书，在户外玩耍或者参加自己喜欢的活动，由此可推知这个学校希望学生们寻求自我发展。‎ ‎2.B 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"After a year of examining studies concerning whether homework is effective"以及第二段的内容可知，校长对此做了全面的调查。‎ ‎4.D 【解析】考查观点态度。依据文章尾段中的"When parents try to help their children with homework, the assistance can take away that feeling and can also drain already exhausted working parents"可推知，对于家长在作业上帮助孩子的问题，作者持有否定的看法。‎