2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit1Alandofdiversity单元学案设计（30页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit1Alandofdiversity单元学案设计（30页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版Unit 1A land of diversity单元学案设计 话题词汇 ‎1．custom n．风俗；习惯 ‎ ‎2．civilization n．文明；文化 ‎3．developed adj.发达的 ‎ ‎4．developing adj.发展中的 ‎ ‎5．promising adj.有前途的 ‎ ‎6．population n．人口 ‎ ‎7．be situated in位于…… ‎ ‎8．consist of由……组成 ‎ ‎9．own a diverse culture 拥有多元文化 ‎ ‎10．be rich in natural resources 自然资源丰富 话题佳作 假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给你的美国朋友彼得写一封信约稿，要点如下：‎ ‎1．栏目介绍；‎ ‎2．稿件内容；‎ ‎3．稿件长度：约400词；‎ ‎4．交稿日期：6月28日前。‎ 佳作欣赏 Dear Peter，‎ I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper.The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States？And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals，and the life of American high school students.You can write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative.400 words would be fine.Could we have your article before June 28?‎ I’m looking forward to hearing from you.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 名师点睛 本文思路清晰，内容完整，语言简洁，较好地完成了写作任务。在行文过程中，be popular among，so long as，look forward to，hear from等高级词汇，以及过去分词作定语、宾语从句、条件状语从句等高级句式运用得恰到好处。‎ 单元基础知识回顾 核心单词 Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．means n．手段；方法 mean v．意味着；adj.吝啬的 meaning n．意思；意义 ‎2．majority n．大多数；大半 minority n．(反义词)少数；少数民族 ‎3．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人 election n．选举；当选；选举权 ‎4．applicant n．申请人 apply v．应用；申请；请求 application n．申请；应用 ‎5．occur vi.发生；出现 ‎6．indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示 ‎7．hire vt.& n．租用；雇用 ‎8．punishment n．处罚；惩罚 punish v．处罚；惩罚 ‎9．reform vt.& vi.改革；革新；n.改革；改造；改良 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎10．distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的 ‎11．hardship n．苦难；困苦 ‎12．percentage n．百分比；百分率 percent n．百分比，百分数；adj.百分之……的 ‎13．boom n．(人口、贸易的)繁荣；vi.处于经济迅速发展时期 ‎14．aircraft n．飞行器；航空器；飞机 ‎15．racial adj.人种的；种族的 race n．种，种族；人种；vt.& vi.(和……)比赛，(使)参加比赛 ‎16．crossing n．横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道 ‎17．vice n．& adj.代理；副职 ‎18．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的 ‎19．conductor n．(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥 conduct vt.& vi.引导；带领；管理 ‎20．slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤；n.滑动；滑倒 ‎21．nowhere adv.无处；到处都无 ‎22．justice n．正义；公平 ‎23．mourn vt.& vi.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 ‎24．authority n．权威；权力；当局；官方 ‎25．grasp vt.& n．抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会 ‎26．insert vt.插入；嵌入 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．—Have you heard about the recent election(elect)?‎ ‎—Sure，it has been the only thing on the news for the last three days.‎ ‎2．Drunk driving，which was once a frequent occurrence(occur)，is now under control.‎ ‎3．I learned that shouting and threats of punishment(punish) would result in a disaster.(2014·湖北)‎ ‎4．To my delight，I was chosen from hundreds of applicants(apply) to attend the opening ceremony.(2015·福建)‎ ‎5．Graphs can be a very useful tool for conveying information，especially numbers，percentages(percent)，and other data.(2015·浙江)‎ ‎6．The new discoveries show that Chinese silk was apparently(apparent) present in the West long before the Han emperor started organized trade over the Silk Road.‎ 核心短语 ‎1．live on继续存在；继续生存 ‎2．by means of...用……办法；借助……‎ ‎3．make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 ‎4．keep up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)‎ ‎5．back to back背靠背 ‎6．team up with...与……合作或一起工作 ‎7．mark out用线画出范围；标出……界线 ‎8．take in包括；吸收 ‎9．a great/good many许多；很多 ‎10．apply for申请；请示得到 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ It is reported that thousands of farmers come from the countryside moved ‎ to the cities.The majority of them can 1.team up with(与……合作) each other to 2.make a life(谋生) in the cities，despite great hardships，and apparently，some even have 3.applied for(申请) the right to live in the city.They have made great contributions to the boom of the cities 4.by means of(通过) working hard.‎ 核心句式 ‎ ‎1．the third largest...‎ California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population.‎ 加利福尼亚是美国第三大州，但有最多的人口。‎ 仿写　在一年后的柏林世锦赛上她以10.73秒的成绩再次夺得金牌，这是有史以来第四快的时间。(2016·江苏)‎ She did it again one year on at the World Championships in Berlin，becoming world champion with a time of 10.73—the fourth fastest time ever.‎ ‎2．It is likely that...‎ However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.‎ 然而，土著美国人很有可能在至少一万五千年前就在加利福尼亚生活了。‎ 仿写　我想他很可能明天到达。‎ I think it is likely that he will arrive tomorrow.‎ ‎3．That/This is why...‎ That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.‎ 那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。‎ 仿写　他未经允许就离开了工作岗位，这就是我生他的气的原因。‎ He went away from his post without permission and this was why I was angry with him.‎ ‎4．by the time＋从句 By the time California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society.‎ 到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。‎ 仿写　小组成员起身离开时，外面正下着瓢泼大雨。(2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ By the time the group got up to leave，it was pouring outside.‎ ‎5．现在完成进行时(have/has been doing...)‎ People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s，when they moved north from Mexico.‎ 来自非洲的人从十九世纪八十年代以来就一直生活在加利福尼亚，当时他们是从墨西哥迁居北方的。‎ 仿写　——请问，你们在等哪场电影？‎ ‎——最新的《星际大战》，我们在这儿已经等了两个小时了。(2016·北京)‎ ‎—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for?‎ ‎—The new Star Wars.We have been waiting here for more than two hours. ‎ 难点讲解突破 ‎ means n．手段；方式；方法；财富；收入 ‎(1)He had no mobile phone or other means to get in touch with his parents.‎ 他没有手机，也没有其他方式和他的父母取得联系。‎ ‎(2)It is by no means easy to understand spoken English.‎ 听懂英语口语绝非易事。‎ by means of用……办法；借助……‎ by all means当然可以 by no means＝not by any means绝不，一点也不 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Every possible means has been tried(try)，but none worked.‎ ‎(2)I know the monkey on his back can’t be removed by any means.‎ ‎(3)He succeeded by means of perseverance.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)She is by no means an inexperienced teacher.(改为倒装句)‎ By no means is she an inexperienced teacher.‎ ‎ majority n．大部分；大多数；大半 ‎(1)The majority of them take an online language test before starting their programme.‎ 他们中的大多数在开始这个课程前参加网上语言测试。(2016·天津)‎ ‎(2)Only a minority of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking subway to work are in the/a majority.‎ 在那个城市只有少数人没有汽车，但是乘坐地铁上班的人却占了大多数。‎ ‎(3)She was elected by/with a majority of 749.‎ 她以749票的多数票当选。‎ ‎(1)in a/the majority占大多数 by/with a majority of以大多数……‎ ‎(2)major in主修……‎ ‎(1)the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。‎ ‎(2)“the/a majority of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词保持一致。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The majority was/were(be) in favor of the proposal.‎ ‎(2)The majority who attended the meeting yesterday were(be) students.‎ ‎(3)The majority of the damage is(be) easy to repair.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(4)我在大学里主修英语。‎ ‎①I’m an English major at university.(major n．)‎ ‎②My major is English at university.(major n．)‎ ‎③I major in English at university.(major v．)‎ ‎ occur vi.发生；存在；出现；(想法)产生 ‎(1)Years ago，a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever.‎ 数年前发生了一件将永远改变我生活的大事。(2016·江苏)‎ ‎(2)It occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.‎ 他突然想到第二天早上要出席一个重要的会议。‎ sth.occurs/occurred to sb.某人突然想起某事；某人发生某事 It occurs/occurred to sb.that.../to ‎ do...某人突然想起……‎ 表示“某人想起……”的短语还有：sth.strike/hit sb.，sb.hit/strike on sth.，sth.come to sb.，sth.come into one’s mind等。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)An idea occurred to me.‎ ‎(2)An idea came into my mind.‎ ‎(3)I hit/struck on an idea.‎ ‎(4)It didn’t occur to her to ask(ask) for help.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(5)When I got home，I suddenly remembered that I had left my book in the classroom.(用occur改写)‎ When I got home，it occurred to me that I had left my book in the classroom.‎ ‎ make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生 ‎(1)They settled down in Canada and made a life for themselves.‎ 他们在加拿大定居下来， 习惯了新的生活方式。‎ ‎(2)To our surprise，he came to life soon.‎ 令我们吃惊的是，他很快苏醒了。‎ ‎(3)The unemployed usually lead a hard life.‎ 失业的人生活一般很困难。‎ come to life苏醒过来，恢复生气；变得更有趣；变得活跃 come back to life苏醒过来；死而复生 live/lead a．..life过着……的生活 bring...back to life使……苏醒过来 基础知识训练——[短语填空]‎ ‎(1)The doctor believes he can bring her back to life.‎ ‎(2)After a while the sick man came back to life.‎ ‎(3)They went to the West and decided to make a life there.‎ 写作能力提升——[高考小作文]‎ ‎(4)在接下来的三年，我们的学校生活将会非常具有挑战性，你会努力习惯新的生活方式。‎ In the coming three years，our school life will be challenging and you will try to make a life for yourself.‎ ‎ take in把(某物)拿进来；包括；吸收；吸入；收留(某人)住宿；接纳；理解；欺骗；去看(电影、名胜) ‎(1)The more fat you take in before bedtime，the greater burden you will put on your body at night.‎ 你睡觉前吸收的脂肪越多，晚上对你的身体的负担越重。(2016·四川)‎ ‎(2)When she graduated，she took up journalism.‎ 她毕业后从事新闻业。‎ take off起飞；脱下；迅速流行；(事业等)步入正轨，腾飞 take over接管；继承；支配 take on呈现；雇用 take up从事；继续；拿起；占据 基础知识训练——[写出下列句子中take in的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)He certainly took us in with his stories about his experiences in ‎ Mexico.欺骗 ‎(2)Gazing up into his eyes，she seemed to take in all he said.领会，理解 ‎(3)He was homeless，so we took him in.收留 ‎(4)They will certainly need to take in plenty of liquid.吸收 ‎(5)I was wondering if you might want to take in a movie with me this evening.观看 ‎(6)The tour takes in six European capitals.包括，包含 写作能力提升——[用take短语的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(7)18岁时，他接管了父亲的公司。作为总经理，他吸纳了大量人才，这使他的公司呈现新的面貌。最终，他的事业步入正轨。‎ At the age of 18，he ①took over his father’s company.As a chief manager，he ②took in a number of talents，which made his company ③take on a new look.At last，his career ④took off.‎ ‎ keep up坚持；维持；继续(某活动)；沿袭(风俗、传统等)；使(斗志)不低落；(天气)持续不变 ‎[写出下列句子中keep up的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)Many people keep up this old tradition.沿袭 ‎(2)The wet weather will keep up for three days.(天气)持续不变 ‎(3)The high cost of building materials keeps the house price up.保持 ‎(4)They sang songs to keep their spirits up.使不低落 ‎ California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population.,加利福尼亚是美国第三大州，但有最多的人口。‎ ‎(1)Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends.‎ 开始交谈是结交新朋友的第二个最重要的步骤。‎ ‎(2)Thames River is the second longest and most important river in Britain.‎ 泰晤士河是英国第二大河，也是英国最重要的河。‎ 形容词的最高级前面可以被序数词以及by far，much，almost，nearly，not quite等词修饰。‎ ‎[翻译句子]‎ ‎(1)在所有学生中，杰克的数学几乎是最好的。‎ Of all the students，Jack is almost the best in maths.‎ ‎(2)海南岛是中国第二大岛。‎ Hainan Island is China’s second largest island./Hainan Island is the second largest island of China.‎ ‎(3)亚洲是目前世界上最大的洲。‎ Asia is by far the largest continent in the world.‎ ‎ By the time California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society.,到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。‎ 句型：by the time＋从句 ‎(1)I was exhausted by the time I got home.‎ 我到家时已经精疲力尽了。(剑桥词典)‎ ‎(2)By the time he was twelve，he had learned mathematics all by himself.‎ 到他12岁时，他已经自学了数学。‎ ‎(1)by the time＋从句，意为“当……的时候”，只是说过去某个时候的状况，主句常用一般过去时。‎ ‎(2)by the time引导时间状语从句，意为“到……时候为止”。‎ ‎①by the time＋一般过去时，主句常用过去完成时。‎ ‎②by the time＋一般现在时，主句常用现在完成时或将来完成时。‎ ‎(3)“by＋时间状语”主句谓语动词常用完成时形式。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Mr.Mat had been persuaded(persuade) to give up smoking in the office by the time he started his new job.‎ ‎(2)We will have learned(learn) Book 8 by the end of next month.‎ ‎(3)By now，people have realized(realize) its importance.‎ 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(4)等到大概一年之后他回到家乡，他的房子已经被破坏了。‎ By the time he returned almost a year later，his houses had been destroyed.‎ ‎(5)等他们到这里时，我们将会已经把工作做完。‎ By the time they get here，we will have finished the work. ‎ 教材与考点 Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 California is the third largest state in the USA 1.but has the largest population.2.It is the most multicultural state in the USA.This is not 3.surprising(surprise) when you know the history of California which has attracted people from nearly every country in the world.No one really knows when the first settlers arrived in 4.what we now know as California.Scientists believe that the Native Americans reached America 5.by means of a land bridge.In the 18th century California was ruled by Spain.Of the first Spanish to go to California，the majority were religious men.In 1848，gold was discovered in California and 6.the dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world.In fact,7.few achieved their dream，but most remained in California to make a life for 8.themselves(they)．In more recent decades，California has become home to 9.more(many) people from Asia.It 10.is believed(believe) that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 George arrived early on the morning by bus.He went straight to the hotel and dropped his luggage，then he went explore.The first thing was a ride on cable car.From top of the hill he gets a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city.Building in 1873，the cable car system was ‎ being invented by Andrew Hallidie.He wanted to find a better form of transport than horsedrawn trams.Apparent，he had been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in that a tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.With so many exploring，he was exhausting and had a rest.‎ 答案 George arrived early the morning by bus.He went straight to the hotel and dropped his luggage，then he went .The first thing was a ride on cable car.From top of the hill he a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city. in 1873，the cable car system was being invented by Andrew Hallidie.He wanted to find a better form of transport than horsedrawn trams.，he had been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in a tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.With so exploring，he was and had a rest.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于美国)‎ ‎1．在美国，你会遇到来自不同国家的人，他们中的大多数来自欧洲。‎ ‎2．世界上没有其他地方吸引如此多的移民。‎ ‎3．他们遭受了苦难和种族偏见但设法在那里开创了新生活。‎ ‎4．同时，他们的风俗被沿袭了下来。‎ ‎5．那就是为什么我们认为美国是多元文化的国家。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用whom引导的定语从句，why引导的表语从句。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ In America，you will meet people from different countries，the majority of whom come from Europe.Nowhere else in the world attracts so many immigrants.They suffered hardships and racial prejudice but managed to make a life there and at the same time，their customs have been kept up.That’s why we think America multicultural.‎ 基础知识通关训练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．They may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere.(cross)(2015·湖南)‎ ‎2．Though，as children，we thought this was crazy，it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request.(2015·福建)‎ ‎3．One evening，standing under a jeweled sky，I found myself thankful for all the hardships(hardship)．‎ ‎4．The moral of the original story is that a wicked person cannot escape punishment/being_punished(punish)．(2014·福建)‎ ‎5．It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying.(2014·湖北)‎ ‎6．It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction(distinct)．(2015·广东)‎ ‎7．The fastest learner—and the first to_turn (turn)on one of the tablets—is 8yearold Kelbesa Negusse.(2014·山东)‎ ‎8．When I arrived at the restaurant，I apologized and told Eleanor I didn’t mean to_be(be) late.(2014·辽宁)‎ ‎9．Walking alone in the dark，the boy whistled to keep up his courage.(2012·湖北)‎ ‎10．More highways have been built in China，making(make) it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 ‎(2017·湖北沙市中学质检)‎ The Regional Director of the National Heritage Conservation ‎ Commission(国家遗产保护委员会) Kagosi Mwamulowe said the Barotse Plains is unique and it deserves to be on the list of the World Heritage Sites.‎ Mr.Mwamulowe said the Barotse Plains deserves to be included on the World Heritage List because it has a rich cultural heritage which includes the burial sites of former kings.‎ The Director said he hoped that the landscape would be declared as a heritage site next year in June.He also said it was important to protect Zambia’s unique culture for education and entertainment.‎ Chief Natural Heritage Officer Muyumbwa Ndiyoi said there will be a lot of benefits when the Barotse Landscape is declared a World Heritage Site because it will attract many tourists and business investments will increase.‎ Mr.Ndiyoi said the site will also benefit young people as knowledge will be passed down from generation to generation.‎ He was reacting to a question from Nalolo District Labour Officer Jason Ngoma who wanted to know how the people of Western Province will benefit once the Barotse Landscape is declared a World Heritage Site.‎ And University of Zambia Lecturer Charles Namate said there is a need for the site to be included on the World Heritage List because 50‎ ‎ years after its independence Zambia only has one heritage site，which is the Victoria Falls.‎ Lecturer Namate said the Barotse Landscape was facing a lot of environmental degradation(恶化)，and that’s why there is a need to recognize the value of its landscape and the memories of dead kings.‎ The National Heritage Conservation Commission together with the Ministry of Chiefs and Traditional Affairs are in Western Province to hold meetings with Heads of Government Departments.The Commission also held closeddoor meetings with the Litunga Lubosi Imwiko Ⅱ of the Barotse Royal Establishment.‎ ‎11．What do we know about the Barotse Plains?‎ A．It has royal tombs.‎ B．It is being well protected.‎ C．It is not far from the Victoria Falls.‎ D．It’ll be listed as a World Heritage Site soon.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据短文第一段的“it deserves to be on the list of the World Heritage Sites”和第三段的“he hoped that the landscape would be ‎ declared as a heritage site next year in June”可推知，巴罗策平原很快就要列为世界遗产。故选D。‎ ‎12．Mr.Ndiyoi believes that if the Barotse Plains is declared a World Heritage Site，________.‎ A．it won’t benefit the people of Western Province B．it will attract many foreign students and researchers C．it will contribute to the local economic development D．more people will start to learn about Zambia’s culture 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据短文第四段的“...because it will attract many tourists and business investments will increase.”可知，这将有助于当地经济的发展。故选C。‎ ‎13．In the text，Lecturer Namate expressed his concern about ________.‎ A．the future of the Barotse Plains B．the development of Western Province C．the development of tourism in Zambia D．the environmental problems of the Barotse Plains 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据短文倒数第二段的“Lecturer Namate said the Barotse Landscape was facing a lot of environmental degradation(恶化)．..”可知，他表达了对巴罗策平原环境问题的担心。故选D。‎ Ⅲ.七选五 ‎(2017·四川成都经济开发区实验中学期中)‎ As a child grows up，you may wonder how you can teach him to become a respectful adult.__14__A child who learns to respect not only learns to receive respect from others in kind，but also learns to respect himself.‎ ‎•Show him respect.‎ This is the best way to teach your child how to respect others.Listen to your child attentively and he will learn to listen to you，understanding how important this is in communication.‎ ‎•__15__‎ The more you say “please” and “thank you” to your child，the more likely he will learn to use them.Politeness then becomes a normal part of any conversation.‎ ‎•Agree to disagree.‎ ‎__16__Explain your decision so that he will understand you and expect respectful responses.Disagreeing with you doesn’t necessarily mean ‎ disobedience(不顺从)．‎ ‎•Control your impulse to overreact.‎ When a situation arises，stay calm and keep in mind that you are supposed to be modelling correct behaviour.__17__‎ ‎•Praise，praise，praise.‎ So much is focused on what a child does wrong and how to correct it that his accomplishments are not celebrated enough.__18__‎ A．If he sees you lose your temper，he is more likely to respond with that way in future.‎ B．Try to remember that a child won’t always agree with you.‎ C．Seeing a child exhibit respectful behaviour，make sure he knows how proud you are of him.‎ D．Teach manners by using polite requests and responses.‎ E．A child may act as he pleases，and he will live a happy life.‎ F．Respect is necessary for a meaningful and successful life.‎ G．Respectful behaviour is always accompanied by bad behaviour as a child.‎ 答案　14.F　15.D　16.B　17.A　18.C Ⅳ.完形填空 You and I agree to meet at four thirty.I show up at 4：33.I don’t say anything，because that’s close enough to satisfy our social __19__.Only after five minutes do you __20__ me to say，“Sorry，I’m late.”At ten minutes I owe you an __21__：“The freeway exit was closed.I had to go four miles out of my way.”After twenty minutes I have to make a full and serious __22__.After forty minutes I’d better not __23__ at all.‎ That sort of thing—so formally __24__ but never explicitly stated—drives people from other cultures __25__.Anthropologists(人类学家) list the __26__ things to cope with in a foreign land.Second only to the language barrier is the way we deal with__27__.‎ Now psychologists look at our __28__ of time in another way.They go into several countries and measure the __29__ of life.They measure the accuracy of bank clocks and how fast city residents walk.They time transactions(交易) in banks and post offices.They see __30__ people take to answer questions.‎ The Japanese keep a __31__ of the fastest pace.Americans are a __32__ second.Italians and Indonesians are at the bottom of the __33__.Italians give long answers to your questions.Indonesians don’t __34__ their bank clocks.‎ ‎__35__American cities，Boston and Kansas City are the fastest.New York is up there，of course，but we keep a faster pace here in Houston.California’s “slowpace” reputation is __36__，as the slowest pace of all is kept in Los Angeles.‎ In a technologydense world，the tension of life has changed our view of time.__37__，if we are smart enough，we should not live by the clock only when we have to.‎ Now it’s 4：55.I’m walking __38__，towards our 4：30 meeting.‎ ‎19．A.contract B．connection C．construction D．confidence 答案　A 解析　根据常识可知，如果迟到较短的时间，对方是不会说什么的，因为这与我们社会契约所要求的非常接近。contract契约，合同，social contract社会契约，符合语境。‎ ‎20．A.order B．intend C．require D．expect 答案　D 解析　根据上文内容可知，迟到3分钟没什么关系，但是迟到5分钟，对方就希望你说对不起了。expect期望，expect sb.to do ‎ sth.期望某人做某事，符合语境。‎ ‎21．A.action B．announcement C．explanation D．eruption 答案　C 解析　根据空后的内容可知，这是向对方解释迟到的原因。explanation解释，符合语境。‎ ‎22．A.apology B．excuse C．option D．opinion 答案　A 解析　承接上文内容，如果迟到20分钟，就必须进行完全的、认真的道歉。apology道歉，符合语境。‎ ‎23．A.look up B．stay up C．keep up D．show up 答案　D 解析　如果迟到40分钟，最好就别去了，也就是别出现了。show up出现，露面，符合语境。‎ ‎24．A.observed B．introduced C．impressed D．imitated 答案　A 解析　以上关于迟到的内容都是一些不成文的规定。尽管没有被明确阐述，但是被正式地遵守。observe遵守，遵循，符合语境。‎ ‎25．A.immoral B．unaware C．crazy D．thrilled 答案　C 解析　由于来自其他文化的人对这些不成文的规定并不了解，所以这些不成文的规定会使得那些人很抓狂。drive sb.crazy使某人发疯，使某人抓狂，符合语境。‎ ‎26．A.fastest B．toughest C．strangest D．funniest 答案　B 解析　由下一句中的barrier可知，人类学家所列出来的都是最难处理的事情。toughest最艰难的，符合语境。‎ ‎27．A.study B．time C．budget D．transport 答案　B 解析　上文提到了迟到的问题，迟到就是与时间有关，the way we deal ‎ with time我们处理时间的方式，符合语境。‎ ‎28．A.view B．comment C．contact D．phenomenon 答案　A 解析　根据下文内容可知，心理学家对不同国家的人的时间观念进行了调查和对比。view of time对时间的看法，时间观念，符合语境。‎ ‎29．A.rhyme B．pace C．ratio D．session 答案　B 解析　根据下文内容可知，日本人的生活节奏最快，说明心理学家在估量人们的生活节奏。the pace of life生活节奏，符合语境。‎ ‎30．A.how often B．how far C．how soon D．how long 答案　D 解析　根据上文内容可知，心理学家所研究的都与时间有关，此处他们想要知道不同国家的人回答问题需要花多长时间。how long多长时间，符合语境。‎ ‎31．A.tradition B．note C．record D．secret 答案　C 解析　根据空后“the fastest pace”可知，日本人的生活节奏最快，也就是保持着一个纪录。keep a record of...保持一个……纪录，符合语境。‎ ‎32．A.narrow B．shallow C．close D．severe 答案　C 解析　根据上下文内容可知，日本人生活节奏最快，美国人紧随其后。close接近的，靠近的，a close second和第一名很接近的第二名，符合语境。‎ ‎33．A.mood B．address C．reference D．list 答案　D 解析　心理学家对他们所记录的内容进行了排序，形成一个列表，日本人生活节奏最快，美国人紧随其后，意大利人和印度尼西亚人在这个列表的最后。at the bottom of the list在列表的最后，符合语境。‎ ‎34．A.take over B．care about C．reply to D．answer for 答案　B 解析　上文提到意大利人和印度尼西亚人排在最后，也就是他们的生活节奏最慢，时间观念也没有日本人和美国人强。因此印度尼西亚人对银行里的时钟是否准确也不关心。care about关心，符合语境。‎ ‎35．A.Off B．Among C．Despite D．Besides 答案　B 解析　下文的Boston，Kansas，New York和Houston等都是美国的城市。among American cities在美国的城市中，符合语境。‎ ‎36．A.ruined B．accomplished C．erased D．deserved 答案　D 解析　洛杉矶的生活节奏最慢，而洛杉矶是加利福尼亚州的一个城市，因此加利福尼亚州有生活节奏慢的名声是理所当然的。be deserved是应得的，即加利福尼亚州应该得到这个声誉，故选D项。‎ ‎37．A.However B．Therefore C．Thus D．Rather 答案　A 解析　上文提及生活压力改变了我们的时间观念，下文说到在没必要的时候我们不应该围绕着时间生活，两句之间存在明显的转折关系，故选A项。‎ ‎38．A.consistently B．unconsciously C．unhurriedly D．anxiously 答案　C 解析　此处是指作者的幽默。由于上文作者认为我们不应该围绕着时钟疲于奔命，因此此处讲的是“现在是4：55，而我正在不慌不忙地走去参加4：30的会面”。unhurriedly不慌不忙地，符合语境。‎