【英语】2018届人教版必修7一轮复习：Unit1Livingwell核心词汇学案（7页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修7一轮复习：Unit1Livingwell核心词汇学案（7页）

‎ Unit 1 Living well 核心词汇学案 核心单词 ‎1. ambition ‎ n. 雄心 Her ambition is the presidency.‎ 她的抱负是成为一名总统。‎ After several hours’work, she had no ambition to go dancing. ‎ 工作了数个小时之后，她没有精力去跳舞了。‎ 联想拓展 ambitious adj. 志向远大的; 有雄心壮志的;有野心的 be ambitious for (power/social position, etc.) ‎ ‎ 极欲获得(权力，社会地位等)‎ be ambitious of success 渴望成功 be ambitious to 一心想……‎ The prince was attracted by the girl’s beauty, and ambitious to marry her. ‎ 王子为女孩的美貌打动了，渴望能娶到她。 ‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 (原创)‎ ‎①他的理想就是环游世界。‎ ‎②作为一个志向远大的领导者，他想带领当地人过上幸福的生活。‎ 答案：①His ambition is to sail around the world.‎ ‎②As an ambitious leader, he wants to guide the local people to lead a happy life.‎ ‎2. beneficial adj. 有益的；受益的 常用结构：‎ be beneficial to ... 对……有用/有好处/有益 A good diet is beneficial to one’s health.‎ 良好的饮食有益于人的身体健康。‎ 联想拓展 benefit n.利益；实惠；未来的好处 ‎ vt. 有益于，有助于 ‎ vi.(常与from，by连用)获益；得益于 I have typed out some lecture notes for the benefit of those people who were absent last week. ‎ 我打印了一些讲座的笔记，上周缺席的人会因此获益。‎ It’s said that yoga is of great benefit to human health. ‎ 据说瑜伽对人体健康有很大好处。‎ I did it for his benefit. 我做这个是为了帮助他。‎ The development of our country’s economy has benefited from the opening and reform policy. ‎ 我们国家的经济发展得益于改革开放的政策。‎ 高手过招 单项填空 ‎①The fall in prices will be beneficial small business. ‎ A. To B. From C. On D. for ‎②Who’s most likely to the old lady’s death? ‎ A. Benefit B. benefit from be beneficial D. be beneficial to 解析： ①选A。考查固定搭配。句意为：物价下跌将对小型企业有利。be beneficial to ...‎ 对……有好处/有益。‎ ‎②选B。句意为：谁最有可能从老妇人的死中得到好处？benefit from 从……中获益。‎ ‎3. adapt ‎ v. 使适应;改编 常用结构：‎ adapt (oneself) to sth. 适应某物 adapt ...to ... 使……适应……‎ adapt sth. from sth. 根据某事将……改编成……‎ be adapted from ... 由……改编 You should adapt yourself to the new environment. ‎ 你应该适应新环境。‎ The makers adapted the cartoons film for children from the Russian original.‎ 影片制作人为了孩子们将这本俄文原著改编成了卡通电影。‎ 易混辨析 adapt/adopt/adjust adapt指“修改或改变以适应新条件”。‎ adopt 指“采用，采取；收养；正式通过”。‎ adjust指“调整，调节(使之适应)”。‎ 高手过招 单项填空 ‎①The new comers found it impossible to themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country. ‎ A. Suit B. Adapt C. Regulate D. relate ‎②Compared with adults, children the new surroundings better. ‎ A. come to B. turn to adapt to D. contribute to 解析： ①选B。考查词义辨析。句意为：这些新来者发现，在这个国家要完全适应这儿的气候并永久定居下来是不可能的。adapt (oneself) to sth.适应某物；符合句意。suit适合某人；regulate（用法律）管制；控制（机器，设备);调节；relate ... to ... 把……同……联系在一起。‎ ‎②选C。考查短语辨析。句意为：和成年人相比，孩子们能更好地适应新环境。come to谈到，提到；turn to转向，求助于；adapt to适应；contribute to有助于，促使。‎ ‎4. conduct ‎ n. 行为 v. 指挥 ‎ The chairperson conducted the hearing. ‎ 主席主持了这个听证会。‎ His conduct of the business was very successful.‎ 他的事业进展得相当顺利。‎ The curator conducted the visitors around the museum.‎ 馆长领着游客们在博物馆中参观。‎ 常用结构：‎ a bad conduct 恶劣行为 under the conduct of 在……指导(管理)下 联想拓展 conductor n. 领导者, 经理 ‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 （原创）‎ ‎①在农业专家的指导下,当地农民过了个丰收年。‎ ‎②今天下午向导指挥着小学生参观了博物馆。‎ 答案：①Under the conduct of the agricultural experts, local farmers had an ‎ abundant year.‎ ‎②The guider conducted the students in primary school around the museum this afternoon.‎ ‎5. absence ‎ n. 缺席；不在 We did not receive any news during his long absence.‎ 他长期缺席期间，我们没有得到他的一点消息。‎ 常用结构：‎ absence of mind 心不在焉 in one’s absence (from) 当某人不在的时候 in the absence of 缺乏……‎ I don’t agree to this decision as it was made in my absence.‎ 我不同意这个决定，因为它是我不在场的时候做出的。‎ 联想拓展 absent adj. 不在的；缺席的 be absent from 缺席；不在；不存在；缺少 be present at 出席；到场 presence n. 出席；到场 He had to make up the lessons he had missed as he had been absent from class for three weeks.‎ 他必须补上由于旷课3个星期所耽误的课程。‎ Absence from work leads to deduct of payment. ‎ 旷工的结果就是扣除工资。 ‎ 高手过招 完成句子 ‎ ‎① (汤姆没有参加) her birthday party made Sue very disappointed. ‎ ‎②There were so many people (缺席会议) that the meeting had to be put off.‎ 答案： ①Tom’s absence from ‎②absent from the meeting ‎6. resign ‎ v. 辞职；委托；把……交托给(to, into)‎ 常用结构：‎ resign one’s position (as secretary) 辞去(秘书)职务 resign office 辞职 resign oneself to 听任(某种影响); ‎ ‎ 只好(做某事)‎ resign oneself to one’s fate 听天由命 resign ... to... 把……托付给 In order to look after her sick mother, Mary decided to resign her position as a manager in the company.‎ 为了照顾生病的母亲，玛丽决定辞去公司经理的职务。‎ I resign my children to your care.我把孩子们委托你来照顾。‎ 高手过招 翻译句子（原创）‎ ‎①在任何情况下，我们都不能听天由命。‎ ‎②我只好在长队中等候。‎ 答案：① In no situation, shall we resign ourselves to our fate.‎ ‎②I resigned myself to a long wait in line.‎ 重点短语 ‎7. in other words ‎ 换句话说 联想拓展 in word 意为“在口头上”，置于句末或句中。‎ in words 意为“用语言（来表达）”，通常置于句末。‎ in a/one word意为“简言之，总之”，通常置于句首，有时也放在句中。‎ big words 大话 break one’s word 失信；食言 eat one’s word 收回前言 get in a word 插话 have a word with 与……谈一谈 keep one’s word 遵守诺言 ‎ leave word 留言 say a few words （即席）说几句话 upon one’s word 一定 word by word 按词序排列；逐字逐句地 In a word, we must try our best to do the task.‎ 总之，我们必须尽最大努力来做这项工作。 ‎ 高手过招 ‎（1）单项填空 ‎—Would you like to help us?‎ ‎— , no. ‎ A. In a word B. In words C. In word D. In other words ‎(2)完成句子 ‎ ‎①She has a good handwriting, and is good at writing articles. (总而言之), she is a qualified secretary. ‎ ‎②The beauty of sunset can not be described (用语言). ‎ ‎③The person who (同……讲话) my father is one of my relatives. ‎ ‎④The couple (争吵) each other in the street ignoring the eyes of passers-by.‎ 解析：(1) 选A。in word 意为“在口头上”，置于句末或句中。in words 意为“用语言（来表达）”，通常置于句末。in a/one word 意为“简言之，总之”，通常置于句首，有时也放在句中，符合语境。‎ ‎(2)①In a word ②in words ‎③has a word with ④have words with ‎8. all in all ‎ 极其重要的；重于一切的；最关心；最爱的；从各方面考虑；从各方面来说；总的来说 All in all, her condition is greatly improved.‎ 总的说来，她的健康状况大大好转。‎ 联想拓展 above all 首先；首要；最重要的 ‎ all through 一直，在整个……期间 after all 终究，毕竟 all told 总共，合计 all alone 独自，独立地 all up 无望；结束；彻底完了 all along 始终，一直，一向 and all 连同其他一切 all around （ 在……）周围，各处 at all 根本不，一点也不 all at once 突然，忽然，同时，一下子 for all 尽管 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 ‎ , he cried aloud. ‎ A. All at once B. Once in a while C. Generally D. All in all 解析：选A。all at once= suddenly突然,符合句意。 ‎ ‎9. cut out 切掉,删掉 ‎ I cut this article out of the newspaper.‎ 我从报纸上剪下了这篇文章。‎ 联想拓展 cut down 砍倒; 削减,压缩 cut up 切/破碎 cut off 切断, 停掉;隔绝, 挡住 Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.‎ 由于人们砍树挖草导致了沙漠的产生。‎ The flood cut off their supplies.洪水切断了他们的供给。 ‎ 高手过招 用适当的介词填空 ‎ ‎①I must cut going to bed late.‎ ‎②The car industry cut production.‎ ‎③The woodchopper cut the tree and cut it .‎ 答案： ①out ②down ③down; up ‎10. in addition ‎ ‎（常与to连用）此外 是介词短语，作副词用，相当于词组as well，其后不能跟名词或其他任何成分，一般位于两个句子中间或置于句末。位于两个句子中间时，常用逗号与句子隔开。‎ There are many shops around the railway station. In addition, there are some newlybuilt hotels there.‎ 火车站附近有很多商店，此外，那里还有一些新建的旅馆。‎ Aunt Mary gave us sandwiches for our picnic and a bag of cookies in addition. ‎ 玛丽舅母为我们去郊游准备了三明治，另外还准备了一袋甜饼。 ‎ 温馨提示 in addition to是介词短语，其后接名词或代词等作其宾语，意义大体相当于as well as和 besides。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 ‎ the fact that he gained a great many achievements, he remained modest. ‎ A. In addition to B. Besides C. Despite D. Though ‎ 解析：选C。despite 意为“尽管，虽然”，是介词。though意为“尽管，虽然”是连词。in addition to, besides均意为“除……之外还”。‎ 重点句型 ‎11. Does this disability make it difficult for them to do some things?‎ 残疾使得他们做一些事情很困难吗？‎ 本句采用的是“主语+make+it+adj./n.+动词不定式”的结构。在本结构中，it 只是形式宾语。而后面的for sb. to do sth.才是真正的宾语。在这个不定式短语中，for sb.又成了to do的逻辑主语。用在这种结构中的其他动词还有：think, feel, find, consider等。‎ It makes it possible for the earth to support so many people. ‎ 这样就使得地球养活这么多的人成为可能。‎ Some students may think it difficult to learn English well. In fact, it isn’t. ‎ 有的学生也许认为很难把英语学好，其实不然。‎ 温馨提示 因为是不定式作宾语，易错将不定式直接放到动词make, feel, think等词的后面。只要这些动词后跟形容词或名词作宾补，就要用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语不定式放在后面。 ‎ 高手过招 ‎(1)单项填空 I found impossible for to work out the maths problem. ‎ A. it; he B. that; he C. that; him D. it; him ‎(2）根据句子结构填词 ‎ I felt a great honour to be invited to the party. ‎ 解析：(1) 选D。it在这里用作形式宾语。在英语中能作形式主语或宾语的只能是it，that/ this都不可以。‎ ‎(2)it