【英语】2019届二轮复习考点理清(六)—突破名词性从句，理清3类引导词（3页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习考点理清(六)—突破名词性从句，理清3类引导词（3页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习考点理清(六)—突破名词性从句，理清3类引导词 ‎1．连接副词引导的名词性从句 ‎[典例1]　(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly __70__ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ 分析：figured out后为宾语从句，空格后面的thick是形容词，空格处需填连接副词修饰形容词并引导宾语从句，故填how。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2014·广东高考)I didn't understand __20__ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.‎ 分析：understand后为宾语从句，根据语境可知，不明白的应该是原因，表示“为什么”，故填why。‎ ‎2．that引导的名词性从句 ‎[典例1]　 (2019届高三·鄂州模拟)It is common knowledge that gunpowder was first made in China, though it is a misunderstanding __63__ the Chinese used it only for festivals.‎ 分析：it为形式主语，空格后的句子无论是结构还是意思都是完整的，空格处所填的词只起连接作用，没有任何实际意义，故填that引导主语从句。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2019届高三·赤峰模拟)One day, he came up with an idea__65__ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.‎ 分析：idea后为同位语从句，空格后的句子无论是结构还是意思都是完整的，空格处所填的词只起连接作用，没有任何实际意义，故填that。‎ ‎3．what引导的名词性从句 ‎[典例1]　(2019届高三·益阳模拟)__65__ Naomi found was an ancient fossil called an ammonite (菊石), an extinct marine creature which last existed more than 65 million years ago.‎ 分析：was前为主语从句，所填的词引导主语从句并在从句中作found的宾语，故填What。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2019届高三·重庆模拟)Another element that I fall in love with this movie is the plot twist and __64__ it brings to our hero, Miguel, and his family, dead or alive.‎ 分析：__64__ it brings to our hero, Miguel, and his family, dead or alive为表语从句，所填词引导表语从句并在从句中作brings的宾语，故填what。‎ 区分5组易混淆的引导词 ‎1．that与what的误用 ‎[典例1]　(2019届高三·泉州模拟)That you have gained is the result of your hard work.‎ 分析：is前为主语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语。故That→What。‎ ‎[典例2]　It is cheerful what the local authorities have promised them to shorten the time of obtaining it.‎ 分析：It为形式主语，cheerful后面的句子为主语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分也无 任何意义。故what→that。‎ ‎2．that与if/whether的误用 ‎[典例1]　I'm glad to hear if you're coming to Sichuan in August.‎ 分析：hear后为宾语从句，句意表示“我听说你要来”，而非“我听说你是否要来”。故if→that或去掉if。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2019届高三·济南模拟)There is no doubt whether it is of great help to their study and future life.‎ 分析：doubt后为同位语从句，此处是一个事实，而不是一个疑问。故whether→that。‎ ‎3．which与that, what的误用 ‎[典例1]　(2019届高三·太原模拟)His promise which he would give away half of the year's income to the disabled turned out a lie. ‎ 分析：在名词性从句中that为连接词，不作任何成分，而which为连接代词，需要作成分表示“哪一个”。本句中promise后为同位语从句，后面的引导词在从句中不作任何成分。故which→that。‎ ‎[典例2]　 (2019届高三·南昌模拟)All were happy with which they received.‎ 分析：在名词性从句中which和what都为连接代词，但which表示“哪一个”，而what表示“……的事情/东西”。故which→what。‎ ‎4．if与whether的误用 ‎[典例]　(2019届高三·运城模拟)Success partly depends on if you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.‎ 分析：if和whether都可引导名词性从句意为“是否”，但if受到很多限制，例如不能位于句首，介词后的宾语从句不能用if引导，不能跟or not连用等。故if→whether。‎ ‎5．that, what与连接副词的误用 ‎[典例1]　(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.‎ 分析：to后为宾语从句，引导词在从句中需作地点状语，表示“靠近我居住的地方”。故that→where。‎ ‎[典例2]　 (2019届高三·庆阳模拟)I hope this town will not change; just keep where it is.‎ 分析：keep后为宾语从句，从句缺少表语，指代“……的样子”应用连接代词引导。故where→what。‎ ‎[即时强化训练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2019届高三·南阳模拟)He asked me whether/if I would be interested in doing a parttime job in one of their leading hotels.‎ ‎2．(2019届高三·黄冈模拟)Before serving tea, you may ask them for their preferences as to what ‎ kind of tea they fancy and serve them the tea in the most appropriate teacups.‎ ‎3．(2019届高三·烟台模拟)What we should do is to get creative and come up with alternative ways to celebrate.‎ ‎4．(2019届高三·昆明模拟)Many people believe that they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day, or about two liters. Why? Because that is what they have been told all their lives.‎ ‎5．(2018·汕头三模)My belief is where_there is a will, there is a way.‎ ‎6．(2018·鞍山模拟)Life skill is one of the most important factors to support students. Therefore, some people hold the idea that unpaid community work should be a compulsory part of high school programs to help students gain life skills and knowledge.‎ ‎7．(2018·长郡中学模拟)Anyone can practice it and what is required is a simple set including: a brush, ink and paper.‎ ‎8．(2018·六安模拟)After warning him that he would regret doing it, God made him be sold to a tilemaker.‎ ‎9．(2018·枣阳模拟)One concern relates to a lack of control over what appears on the Internet.‎ ‎10．(2018·安庆模拟)This is because such programs are not natural.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2018·安庆二模)I think the books will be quite different from that they are now.that→what ‎2．(2018·宣城二模)They are that we have never imagined before.that→what ‎3．(2019届高三·莆田模拟)There the doctor asked Jack how he had coughed sometimes for a long time.how→if/whether ‎4．(2019届高三·上饶模拟)What I want to tell you is it is common for senior three students to have the experience of unsteady grades.it前加that ‎5．(2019届高三·六盘山模拟)About half a year ago, an order came which the old building, along with many other similar ones, was going to be pulled down to make room for a main street.which→that ‎6．(2018·大庆模拟)I'm a very healthy person. That's why we live near the sea and we often have fish._why→because ‎7．(2018·沈阳模拟)When my parents got home, I asked that I could keep the dog.that→whether/if ‎8．(2018·沈阳模拟)From their lesson, we came to a conclusion why it is not so difficult to learn English if we find a good way.why→that ‎9．(2018·成都诊断)One of the biggest cultural differences I noticed while I was in London was why the people of London conducted themselves.why→how ‎10．(2018·衡水模拟)In our life, we often forget what we did and which we couldn't do.which→what