【英语】2018届二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测典题10篇练与析（含有详细解析）学案（17页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测典题10篇练与析（含有详细解析）学案（17页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测典题10篇练与析 ‎【一】‎ Given that many people's moods (情绪) are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate, it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine.Looking like a setting from the film Charlie & the Chocolate Factory, Singapore's Chocolate Research Facility (CRF) has over 100 varieties of chocolates.Its founder is Chris Lee who grew up at his parents' corner store with one hand almost always in the jar of sweets.‎ If the CRF seems to be a smart idea, that's because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as Levi's and Sony.That idea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored (味道) chocolates.‎ The CRF's produce is “green”， made within the country and divided into 10 lines, with the Alcohol Series being the most popular.The Exotic Series — with Sichuan pepper (辣椒), red bean (豆), cheese and other flavors — also does well and is fun to taste. And for chocolate_snobs,_who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others, the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo, Cuba, Venezuela, and Ghana, among others.‎ ‎64．What is good about chocolate?‎ A．It serves as a suitable gift.‎ B．It works as an effective medicine.‎ C．It helps improve the state of mind.‎ D．It strengthens business relations.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第一段第一句中的“Given that many people's moods (情绪) are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate ...”可知，巧克力能改善人们的情绪，故本题选C。‎ ‎65．Why is Chris Lee able to develop his idea of the CRF?‎ A．He knows the importance of research.‎ B．He learns from shops of similar types.‎ C．He has the support of many big names.‎ D．He has a lot of marketing experience.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。由第二段中的“that's because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department ...”可知本题选D。‎ ‎66．Which line of the CRF produce sells best?‎ A．The Connoisseur Series.‎ B．The Exotic Series.‎ C．The Alcohol Series.‎ D．The Sichuan Series.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由最后一段第一句“The CRF's produce is ‘green’， made within the country and divided into 10 lines, with the Alcohol Series being the most popular.”可知本题选C。‎ ‎67．The words “chocolate snobs” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who ________.‎ A．are particular about chocolate B．know little about cocoa beans C．look down upon others D．like to try new flavors 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据画线部分后的定语从句“who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others”可知，chocolate snobs是指那些对巧克力非常熟悉的人，故可推断出他们也是对巧克力比较挑剔的人。A项中的be particular about意为“对……挑剔”。‎ ‎【二】‎ EP Portable Heater We all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on the family budget.Now millions of people are saving on their heating bills with the EP portable heater.With over one million satisfied customers around the world, the new EP heats better and ‎ faster, saves more on heating bills, and runs almost silent.‎ The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire.The outside of the EP only gets warm to the touch so that it will not burn children or pets.‎ The EP will not reduce oxygen in the room.With other heaters, you'll notice that you get sleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen.‎ The advanced EP also heats the room evenly,_wall to wall and floor to ceiling.It comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet.Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room.And they only heat an area a few feet around the heater.With the EP, the temperature will not vary in any part of the room.‎ The EP comes with a 3year warranty (保修) and a 60day. No questions asked, satisfaction guarantee.If you are not totally satisfied, return it at our expense and your money will be given back to you.‎ Now we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery.If you order after that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price.‎ Take action right now!‎ 语篇解读：无可比拟的高强性能，无与伦比的优质服务，无法想象的价格优惠，一款新型便携式加热器惊艳亮相！机不可失，时不再来，心动不如行动，此时不买，更待何时？‎ ‎56．What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?‎ A．The heat of the EP.‎ B．The safety of the EP.‎ C．The appearance of the EP.‎ D．The material of the EP.‎ 解析：选B　段落大意题。本段提到这种加热器没有可以引起火灾的外露部件，它的外部不会烧伤孩子或宠物，由此可知本段主要讨论的是这种加热器的安全性。‎ ‎57．From the passage, we can learn that the EP ________.‎ A．doesn't burn up oxygen B．runs without any noise C．makes people get sleepy D．is unsuitable for children and pets 解析：选A　推理判断题。第三段第一句提到这种加热器不会减少室内的氧气，下一句提到其他的加热器会因燃烧掉氧气而让你感到昏昏欲睡，由此可推断出这种加热器不消耗氧气，也不会让人昏昏欲睡，故A项正确，C项错误；根据第一段最后一句中的“runs almost silent”可判断出B项不正确；根据第二段的最后一句可知D项错误。故选A。‎ ‎58．The underlined word “evenly” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________.‎ A．continuously B．separately C．quickly D．equally 解析：选D　词义猜测题。本段提到这种先进的加热器的覆盖面积多达350平方英尺，而其他的加热器的大部分热量只集中在房屋的中央，再结合本段最后一句的内容可推测出这种加热器可以把热量“均衡”地散发到房间中，故选D。‎ ‎59．The main purpose of the passage is to ________.‎ A．persuade people to buy the product B．advise people to save on heating bills C．report the new development of portable heaters D．compare the functions of different heater brands 解析：选A　写作意图题。文章先是叙述了这种加热器的种种优点，接着提到了优质服务和价格折扣，再结合最后一段中的内容可知，本文意在劝说人们购买这种产品。‎ ‎【三】‎ Not all bodies of water are so evidently alive as the Atlantic Ocean, an Sshaped body of water covering 33 million square miles.The Atlantic has, in a sense, replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western civilization.Unlike real inland seas, which seem strangely still, the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness.It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality has been much written about by ancient poets.‎ ‎“Storm at Sea”， a short poem written around 700, is generally regarded as one of ‎ mankind's earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic.‎ When the wind is from the west All the waves that cannot rest To the east must thunder on Where the bright tree of the sun Is rooted in the ocean's breast.‎ As the poem suggests, the Atlantic is never dead and dull.It is an ocean that moves, impressively and endlessly.It makes all kinds of noise — it is forever thundering, boiling, crashing, and whistling.‎ It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breath — perhaps not so noticeably out in midocean, but where it meets land, its waters bathing up and down a sandy beach.It mimics (模仿) nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living creature. It is filled with symbiotic existences，too: unimaginable quantities of creatures, little and large alike，mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony, giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat, a kind of subocean vitality.And it has a psychology.It has personalities: sometimes peaceful and pleasant, on rare occasions rough and wild; always it is strong and striking.‎ 语篇解读：大西洋充满了生机与活力，也难怪有很多古代的诗人都在自己的作品中描写它的生机与活力。‎ ‎68．Unlike real inland seas, the Atlantic Ocean is ________.‎ A．always energetic B．lacking in liveliness C．shaped like a square D．favored by ancient poets 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段第三句“Unlike real inland seas, which seem strangely still, the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness.”可知，大西洋总是充满活力。‎ ‎69．What is the purpose of using the poem “Storm at Sea” in the passage?‎ A．To describe the movement of the waves.‎ B．To show the strength of the storm.‎ C．To represent the power of the ocean.‎ D．To prove the vastness of the sea.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。由第一段最后一句“It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality has been much written about by ancient poets.”可知，作者在文中引用这首诗歌正是为了举例说明大西洋的生机与活力。‎ ‎70．What does the underlined word “symbiotic” mean?‎ A．Living together.‎ B．Growing fast.‎ C．Moving harmoniously.‎ D．Breathing peacefully.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。由画线词所在句中的“unimaginable quantities of creatures, little and large alike, mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony”可知A项正确。‎ ‎71．In the last paragraph, the Atlantic is compared to ________.‎ A．a beautiful and poetic place B．a flesh and blood person C．a wonderful world D．a lovely animal 解析：选B　推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句“It has personalities：sometimes peaceful and pleasant ...”可知，作者把大西洋比作有血有肉的人，所以B正确。‎ ‎【四】‎ Sparrow is a fastfood chain with 200 restaurants. Some years ago, the group to which Sparrow belonged was taken over by another company. Although Sparrow showed no sign of declining, the chain was generally in an unhealthy state. With more and more fastfood concepts reaching the market, the Sparrow menu had to struggle for attention. And to make matters worse,‎ ‎ its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.‎ Sparrow failed to grow for another two years, until a new CEO, Carl Pearson, decided to build up its market share. He did a survey, which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain, while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them. Sparrow had to develop a new promotional campaign.‎ Pearson faced a battle over the future of the Sparrow brand. The chain's owner now favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcy's restaurants. Pearson resisted, arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun. Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual for that time. Pearson strongly believed that numbers were the key to success, rather than customers' spending power. Finally, the owner accepted his idea.‎ The campaign itself changed the traditional advertising style of the fastfood industry. The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product, the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.‎ Pearson also made other decisions which he believed would contribute to the new Sparrow image. For example, he offered to lower the rent of any restaurants which achieved a certain increase in their turnover (营业额)．‎ These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful fastfood chains in the regions where it operated.‎ 语篇解读：由于采取了与公众建立良好关系的广告策略，Carl Pearson使一个濒临倒闭的快餐连锁店起死回生。‎ ‎71．Which was one of the problems Sparrow faced before Pearson became CEO?‎ A．The number of its customers was declining.‎ B．Its customers found the food unhealthy.‎ C．It was in need of financial support.‎ D．Most of its restaurants were closed.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“And to make matters worse, its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.”可知，Sparrow面临的问题是资金缺乏。‎ ‎72．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．Customers of Sparrow restaurants.‎ B．Sparrow restaurants.‎ C．Customers of other fastfood chains.‎ D．Other fastfood chains.‎ 解析：选D　代词指代题。根据画线词所在句“while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them”可知，此处的them指代的是other fastfood chains。‎ ‎73．For what purpose did Pearson start the advertising campaign?‎ A．To build a good relationship with the public.‎ B．To stress the unusual tradition of Sparrow.‎ C．To learn about customers' spending power.‎ D．To meet the challenge from Marcy's restaurants.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public”和“Finally, the owner accepted his idea.”可知，Pearson开始广告宣传的目的是建立企业和公众之间的良好关系。‎ ‎74．The TV ads of Sparrow ________.‎ A．changed people's views on pop stars B．amused the public with original songs C．focused on the superiority of its products D．influenced the eating habits of the audience 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars.”可知B项正确。‎ ‎75．What was Pearson's achievement as a CEO?‎ A．He managed to pay off Sparrow's debts.‎ B．He made Sparrow much more competitive.‎ C．He helped Sparrow take over a company.‎ D．He improved the welfare of Sparrow employees.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章的最后一句可知，Pearson的努力得到了回报，Sparrow不久就成为当地最成功的连锁饭店之一，由此可推知他使得Sparrow更有竞争力。‎ ‎【五】‎ When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet (图章) ring.They were the “in” thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials (姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven.‎ What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasn't being “replaced”．We'd been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everything — so most of the “new” stuff (东西) we got was really just to replace what we'd lost.But not my ring. My ring was new.‎ Then, only one month later, I lost it.I took it off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I was sad and searched everywhere for it.But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it.And two years later, we sold the house and moved away.‎ Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents' when Mum told me that she had something for me. It wasn't my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other giftgiving occasion.Mum noticed my questioning look.“You'll recognize this one，” she said, smiling.‎ Then she handed me a small ring box.I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet ring inside.‎ The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecoration, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it, they realized who owned the ring.They'd had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother.‎ And it still fits me.‎ 语篇解读：‎ 这是一篇记叙文，文章叙述了作者13岁时妈妈送给她的生日礼物——一枚图章戒指失而复得的故事。‎ ‎56．The underlined word “in” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．‎ A．fashionable B．available C．practical D．renewable 解析：选A　词义猜测题。结合第一段第二句可知，好像除了作者以外每个女孩都有图章戒指，由此可知在当时佩戴图章戒指很“流行”。fashionable“流行的，时兴的”；available“可得到的”；practical“适用的”；renewable“可更新的”。故选A项。‎ ‎57．When she got the ring back, the writer was about ________.‎ A．13 years old B．15 years old C．26 years old D．28 years old 解析：选D　数字计算题。第一段提到作者在13岁时得到图章戒指；第三段提到图章戒指丢失两年后房屋被卖掉；第六段提到新住户在买完房子13年后装修房屋时意外发现图章戒指。综合上述内容可知，此时作者应该是28岁(13＋2＋13＝28)。‎ ‎58．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．The writer's family moved several times.‎ B．The writer never stopped looking for her ring.‎ C．The writer's ring was cleaned up by the new house owner.‎ D．The writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者在15岁时搬了一次家，又依据第四段首句可知，数年后作者又搬了两次家，故A项正确；B项与第三段倒数第二句不符；依据倒数第二段可知，清洗戒指的是a jeweler而不是房屋买家，故C项错误；D项与第三段第二句不符。‎ ‎59．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．My New Ring B．Lost and Found C．Lost and Replaced D．An Expensive Ring 解析：选B　标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述图章戒指“失而复得”的故事，因此“Lost and Found”作为标题最适合。‎ ‎【六】‎ While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor (监控器) a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.‎ Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer's Los Angeles apartment, the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room.Her Internet access was locked — remotely — to prevent Internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or was she slowing down?‎ In the battle against cheating, this is the cutting__edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education.The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid — that students haven't just searched the Internet to get the right answers. ‎ Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of “open online courses”. Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.‎ Aside from the web cameras, a number of other hightech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students' identities using personal information, such as the telephone numbers they once used.‎ Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了在网络课程日益兴盛的今天，人们是如何防止网络考试作弊的。‎ ‎41．Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?‎ A．To correct her typing mistakes.‎ B．To find her secrets in the room.‎ C．To prevent her from slowing down.‎ D．To keep her from dishonest behaviors.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。本文前两段通过Jennifer的一次网络考试引出话题，根据第三段可以判断出，用监控器观察Jennifer是为了防止她在网络考试中作弊。‎ ‎42．The underlined expression cutting edge in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.‎ A．advanced technique B．sharpening tool ‎ C．effective rule D．dividing line ‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。 根据第三段画线词所在句的下一句中的“The technology gives trust to the entire system ...”可以判断出，cutting edge应该指的是technology，故与A项意思最接近。‎ ‎43．For Internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid if ________.‎ A．they can attract potential students B．they can defeat academic cheating C．they offer students online help D．they offer many online courses 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid ...”可知答案。‎ ‎44．Some programs can find out possible cheaters by ________.‎ A．checking the question answering speed ‎ B．producing a large number of questions C．scanning the Internet test questions D．giving difficult test questions 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Other programs ... can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones.”可知答案。‎ ‎45．Which of the following is the best title of this passage?‎ A．The Advantages of Online Exams B．The Hightech Methods in Online Courses C．The Fight against Cheating in Online Education D．The War against the Booming of Online Education 解析：选C　标题判断题。本文主要介绍在当今社会人们是如何对抗网络考试作弊的，故C项正确。‎ ‎【七】‎ Mothers and daughters go through so much — yet when was the last time a mother and daughter sat down to write a book together about it all? Perri Klass and her mother, Sheila Solomon Klass, both gifted professional writers, prove to be ideal cowriters as they examine their decades of motherhood, daughterhood, and the wonderful ways their lives have overlapped (重叠)．‎ Perri notes with amazement how closely her own life has mirrored her mother's: both have fulltime careers; both have published books, articles, and stories; each has three children; they both love to read.They also love to travel — in fact, they often take trips together.But in truth, the harder they look at their lives, the more they acknowledge their big differences in circumstance and basic nature.‎ A child of the Depression (大萧条), Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls.Starting with her college education, she has fought for everything she's ever accomplished.Perri, on the other hand, grew up privileged in the New Jersey suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s.For Sheila, wasting time or money is a crime, and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury, but has not been successful at trying to persuade her mother into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes.‎ Each writing in her own unmistakable voice, Perri and Sheila take turns exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness, the minor troubles and lasting respect that have always bonded them together.Sheila describes the adventure of giving birth to Perri in a tiny town in Trinidad where her husband was doing research fieldwork.Perri admits that she can't sort out all the mess in the households, even though she knows it drives her mother crazy.Together they compare thoughts on bringing up children and working, admit longhidden sorrows, and enjoy precious memories.‎ Looking deep into the lives they have lived separately and together, Perri and Sheila tell their motherdaughter story with honesty, humor, enthusiasm, and admiration for each other.A written account in two voices, Every Mother Is a Daughter is a duet (二重奏) that produces a deep, strong sound with the experiences that all mothers and daughters will recognize.‎ ‎55．Why does Perri think that her own life has mirrored her mother's?‎ A．They both have gone through difficult times.‎ B．They have strong emotional ties with each other.‎ C．They have the same joys and pains, and love and bitterness.‎ D．They both have experiences as daughter, mother and writer.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，Perri发现自己的生活反射了妈妈的生活：她们都有自己的事业，都出版了书籍、文章和小说，都生了三个孩子，都喜欢看书和旅游。由此可知选D。‎ ‎56．The word “luxury” in Paragraph 3 means ________.‎ A．something rare but not pleasant B．something that cannot be imagined C．something expensive but not necessary D．something that can only be enjoyed by boys 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，Sheila生长在Brooklyn，她的父母都觉得让女孩儿上学是luxury；对Sheila来说，浪费时间或者金钱是犯罪，luxury是难以想象的，而女儿Perri则可以偶尔享受一下小小的luxury。从这些信息来看，luxury是指“‎ 昂贵但不必要的东西”。‎ ‎57．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?‎ A．The content of the book.‎ B．The purpose of the book.‎ C．The influence of the book.‎ D．The writing style of the book.‎ 解析：选A　段落大意题。根据第四段可知，这对母女在书中描述了她们的生活连在一起的那些快乐与痛苦，爱与恨，讲到了母女两人交流抚养孩子的看法，一起享受珍贵的回忆等。这是这本书的内容，而不是该书的目的、影响或写作风格。‎ ‎58．How are women's lives explored in this book?‎ A．In a musical form.‎ B．Through field research.‎ C．With unique writing skills.‎ D．From different points of view.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，这本书是用两个人的声音在讲述，好像二重奏；根据第四段可知，她们用自己的不会被混淆的声音在轮流讲述。从这些信息看，这本书的写作风格是以母女两人不同的角度探索女性生活，而不是“用音乐形式(误解了二重奏的含义)、通过野外研究(Perri父亲的工作)或独特的写作技巧(本文没有谈到她们的写作技巧)”。‎ ‎【八】‎ On a sunny day last August, Tim heard some shouting.Looking out to the sea carefully, he saw a couple of kids in a rowboat were being pulled out to sea.‎ Two 12yearold boys, Christian and Jack, rowed out a boat to search for a football.Once they'd rowed beyond the calm waters, a beach umbrella tied to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water.The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore.But they were no match for it and the boat was out of control.‎ Tim knew it would soon be swallowed by the waves.‎ ‎“Everything went quiet in my head，” Tim recalls (回忆)．“I was trying to figure out how to swim to the boys in a straight line.”‎ Tim took off his clothes and jumped into the water.Every 500 yards or so, he raised his head to judge his progress. “At one point, I considered turning back，” he says.“I wondered if I was putting my life at risk.” After 30 minutes of struggling, he was close enough to yell to the boys, “Take down the umbrella！”‎ Christian made much effort to take down the umbrella.Then Tim was able to catch up and climb aboard the boat.He took over rowing, but the waves were almost too strong for him.‎ ‎“Let's aim for the pier (码头)，” Jack said.Tim turned the boat toward it.Soon afterward, waves crashed over the boat, and it began to sink.“Can you guys swim？” he cried. “A little bit，” the boys said.‎ Once they were in the water, Tim decided it would he safer and faster for him to pull the boys toward the pier.Christian and Jack were wearing life jackets and floated on their backs.Tim swan toward land as water washed over the boys' faces.‎ ‎“Are we almost there？” they asked again and again. “Yes，” Tim told them each time.‎ After 30 minutes, they reached the pier.‎ 语篇解读：本文为记叙文。两个男孩划船出海寻找足球，因为暴风船失去了控制。Tim目睹了这一情形，并下海将两个男孩救起。‎ ‎35．Why did the two boys go to the sea?‎ A．To go boat rowing.‎ B．To get back their football.‎ C．To swim in the open water.‎ D．To test the umbrella as a sail.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Two 12yearold boys, Christian and Jack, rowed out a boat to search for a football.”可知，Christian和Jack出海是为了找回一个足球。‎ ‎36．What does “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．The beach. B．The water.‎ C．The boat. D．The wind.‎ 解析：选D　代词指代题。根据画线词所在句“But they were no match for it and the boat was out of control.”以及前面的“a beach umbrella tied to the boat caught the wind”可知，it指代“风”。‎ ‎37．Why did Tim raise his head regularly?‎ A．To take in enough fresh air.‎ B．To consider turning back or not.‎ C．To check his distance from the boys.‎ D．To ask the boys to take down the umbrella.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“Every 500 yards or so, he raised his head to judge his progress.”可知，Tim抬头的目的是判断与这两个男孩的距离。‎ ‎38．How did the two boys finally reach the pier?‎ A．They were dragged to the pier by Tim.‎ B．They swam to the pier all by themselves.‎ C．They were washed to the pier by the waves.‎ D．They were carried to the pier by Tim on his back.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Once they were in the water, Tim decided it would be safer and faster for him to pull the boys toward the pier.”可知，Christian和Jack是被Tim拖回码头的。‎ ‎【九】‎ Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.‎ Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting (收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed.Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.‎ Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: “Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”‎ The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.Dr Garfinkel said, “The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed.Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see — and guide whether we see fear.”‎ To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner (扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.‎ ‎“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，” Dr Garfinkel said.‎ ‎“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了一项科学研究，该研究发现心脏的搏动会影响人对恐惧的感觉。‎ ‎47．What is the finding of the study?‎ A．One's heart affects how he feels fear.‎ B．Fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat.‎ C．Fear has something to do with one's health.‎ D．One's fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，研究发现心脏的搏动会影响人对恐惧的感觉。‎ ‎48．The study was carried out by analyzing ________.‎ A．volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures B．the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions C．volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans D．different pictures shown to volunteers and their heartbrain communication 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句以及第五段的内容可知研究是通过分析志愿者对恐怖图片的反应以及对他们的大脑扫描的数据来进行的。‎ ‎49．Which of the following is closest in meaning to “mechanism” in Paragraph 6?‎ A．Order. B．System.‎ C．Machine. D．Treatment.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及全文的内容可知，mechanism表示“系统，原理”的意思。‎ ‎50．This study may contribute to ________.‎ A．treating anxiety and stress better B．explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety C．finding the key to the heartbrain communication D．understanding different fears in our hearts and heads 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知该研究可以帮助我们更好地治疗忧虑与压力。‎ ‎【十】‎ The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis's Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones.It was a strange place.Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack's dare.They liked camping, but not near this swamp.‎ ‎“So，” Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals.“How did this place get its name？” ‎ ‎“Are you sure you want to hear it? It's a scary story，” warned Jack.‎ ‎“Of course！” cried out Tom.“If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn't have chosen this place！”‎ ‎“Ok, but don't say I didn't warn you，” said Jack, and he began his tale.‎ ‎“Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here.He built that cottage over there to live in .In those days, the area looked quite different — it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystalclear river.After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops.He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice.”‎ ‎“‘You are clearing too much land，’ warned one old man.‘The land is a living thing.It will hit back at you if you abuse it.’”‎ ‎“ ‘Silly fool，’ said Dennis to himself.‘If I clear more land, I can grow more crops.I'll become wealthier.He's just jealous！’”‎ ‎“Dennis continued to chop down trees.Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed.He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door.He did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land.He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants.”‎ ‎“What happened? ” Martin asked.It was growing colder.He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire.‎ ‎“The land hit back — just as the old man warned，” Jack shrugged.“Dennis disappeared.Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater.His body was never found.”‎ ‎“What a stupid story，” laughed Tom.“Plants can't ...” Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted(晕倒)．The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom.Suddenly, they burst out laughing.Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom's face.It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.‎ ‎56．The underlined word “dare” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”．‎ A．courage B．assistance C．instruction D．challenge 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据画线单词后面的“They liked camping, but not near this swamp.”可知，该词与challenge意思接近。‎ ‎57．Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story?‎ A．To frighten them.‎ B．To satisfy their curiosity.‎ C．To warn them of the danger of the place.‎ D．To persuade them to camp in the swamp.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段至第五段的内容可知，Jack告诉他们这个故事是为了满足他们的好奇心。所以答案为B项。‎ ‎58．Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man?‎ A．The old man envied him.‎ B．The old man was foolish.‎ C．He was too busy to listen to others.‎ D．He was greedy for more crops.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第八段的内容可知，Dennis想得到更多的土地，种更多的庄稼，从而变得更加富裕，因此他不听老人的劝告。所以选D项。‎ ‎59．Why did Tom scream and faint?‎ A．He saw Dennis's shadow. ‎ B．He was scared by a plant. ‎ C．His friends played a joke on him.‎ D．The weather became extremely cold.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。从文章最后一段倒数第二句可知，选B项。‎ ‎60．What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?‎ A．Grasp all, lose all.‎ B．No sweat, no sweet.‎ C．It is no use crying over spilt milk.‎ D．He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.‎ 解析：‎ 选A　推理判断题。因为贪婪，Dennis失去了全部，并且把命也给搭上了。他的故事告诉我们：贪多必失。所以选A项。B项意为“一分耕耘，一分收获”；C项意为“覆水难收”；D项意为“不犯错误的人必一事无成”。‎