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2020届二轮复习阅读理解训练(54)
阅读理解训练(54) Passage 1 Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears. One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials(尝试) increase the length of time we will remember it. In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn. The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development. 【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。成年人常常惊叹他们能很好地记着儿时学过的东西。作者认为这是儿时过度学习的结果,是因为当我们儿时学会一样东西的时候,我们不是就此停止,而是继续练习,才使我们记忆深刻。文章用例证法说明了“过度学习”的概念。 最后作者谈到了“过度学习”的好处和突击学习的弊端。 1. What is the main idea of paragraph 1? A. People remember well what they learned in childhood. B. Children have a better memory than grown-ups. C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words. D. Stories for children are easy to remember. 【答案】A 【解析】根据文章的第一段的“Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.”可知:文章讲得是成年人常常惊叹他们非常好的记着儿时学过的东西。C、D断章取义,讲得太具体,B项错误,因为那是过度学习的结果,不是儿时记忆力好。所以A正确。 【考点定位】考查主旨要义。 2.The author explains the law of overlearning by_________. A. presenting research findings B. setting down general rules C. making a comparison D. using examples 【答案】D 【解析】根据文章的内容可知:作者采用了举例子的说明方法。比如:practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. 和The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表) are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. 【考点定位】考查判断推理。 3. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is_______. A. a result of overlearning B. a special case of cramming C. a skill to deal with math problems D. a basic step towards advanced studies 【答案】A 【解析】根据文章的第4段“because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.”可知:乘法口诀仍然是儿时过度学习的结果。所以选A。 【考点定位】考查推理判断。 4. What is the author's opinion on cramming? A. It leads to failure in college exams. B. It's helpful only in a limited way. C. It's possible to result in poor memory. D. It increases students' learning interest. 【答案】B 【解析】根据文章的最后一段中的“By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.”可知:突击学习只在有限的方面有帮助。所以B正确。 【考点定位】考查作者的观点和态度。 Passage 2 Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile. Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly. It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了面部表情取决于情景和人们之间的关系。文章通篇阐述了面部表情的种种表现形式,以及文化之间的差异导致的面部表情的含义不同。 5. What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.? A. Love. B. Politeness. C. Joy. D. Thankfulness. 【答案】C 【解析】根据文章第一段中的“in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure”可知,在美国文化中,一般地说,微笑是快乐的表情。此处joy是pleasure的同义词。故选C。 【考点定位】考查细节理解。 6. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ___ . A. show friendliness to strangers B. be used to hide true feelings C. be used in the wrong places D. show personal habits 【答案】B 【解析】根据文章第一段中的“It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures.”可知这是一个中心句,其后用例证法阐述:微笑能隐藏真正的感情。它常常导致跨文化间的困惑。其中越南人讲故事的例子就是为了说明这一观点。故选B。 【考点定位】考查作者的写作意图。 7. What should we do before attempting to “read” people? A. Learn about their relations with others. B. Understand their cultural backgrounds. C. Find out about their past experience. D. Figure out what they will do next. 【答案】B 【解析】根据文章最后一段中的“The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.”可知,我们在“读”人们的表情的时候,要现理解他们的文化背景,否则,就会出错。 【考点定位】考查判断推理。 8. What would be the best title for the test? A. Cultural Differences B. Smiles and Relationship C. Facial Expressiveness D. Habits and Emotions 【答案】C 【解析】文章通篇阐述了面部表情的种种表现形式,以及文化之间的差异导致的面部表情的含义不同。所以C正确。 【考点定位】考查文章的标题。 Passage 3 Spring is coming, and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs. Competition is tough, so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices. Whatever we are wearing,our family and friends may accept us, but the workplace may not. A high school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos (纹身)nose rings, or certain dress styles. It is true you can’t judge a book by its cover, yet people do “cover” themselves in order to convey (传递)certain messages. What we wear, including tattoos and nose rings, is an expression of who we are. Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances» so do companies. Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons, but the main concern is often about what customers accept. Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom, but for businesses it is more about whether to make or lose money. Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees (雇员),because those people represent the companies to their customers. As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression on our customers. There are plenty of well-qualified candidates, so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint my customers. Even though I am open-minded, I can’t expect all our customers are. There is nobody to blame but yourself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employer. No company should have to change to satisfy a candidate simply cause he or she is unwilling to respect its standards, as long as its standards are legal. 9. Which of the following is the newspaper editor’ opinion according to Paragraph 2? A. People’s appearances carry messages about themselves. B. Customers’ choices influence dress standards in companies. C. Candidates with tattoos or nose rings should be fairly treated. D. Strange dress styles should not be encouraged in the workplace. 10. What can be inferred from the text? A. Candidates have to wear what companies prefer for an interview. B. What to wear is not a matter of personal choice for companies. C. Companies sometimes have to change to respect their candidates. D. Hiring managers make the best impression on their candidates. 11. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. Employees Matter B. Personal Choices Matter C. Appearances Matter D. Hiring Managers Matter 12. The author’s attitude towards strange dress styles in the workplace may best be described as . A. enthusiastic B. negative C positive D. sympathetic 【要点综述】又是一年毕业季,很多大学毕业生又要开始为寻找一份可以乃以生存的工作而奔忙了,但是,影响就业成功的因素很多,其中有一点就是面试时的着装。 9【答案与解析】C 推理判断题。根据第二自然段的首句可知作者的意思是有纹身或戴鼻环去面试不会被公平的对待,故本题选C。 10【答案与解析】B 推理判断题。通读第三自然段可知本文作者的意思是:员工的穿着不再是员工的私人问题,而是影响到公司的声誉和发展的大问题。选B。 11【答案与解析】C 主旨大意题。本文大意是关于员工的着装问题,即员工的外貌问题,故本题选C。 12【答案与解析】B 作者意图题。根据本文后两个自然段可知作者对于员工着奇装异服的态度也是否定的,故选B。 Passage 4 Two friends have an argument that bleaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, "In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence". Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit? First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱). For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn't in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict. Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决) stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fir On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control. After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution; listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker's position. Then the two people should change roles. Finally, students need f. consider what they are hearing. This doesn't mean trying to figure out what's wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid off As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn't, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution. There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn't mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, "64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves". Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends,. teachers. parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country. 13. This article is mainly about . A. the lives of school children B. the cause of arguments in schools C. how to analyze youth violence D. how to deal with school conflicts 14. From Paragraph 2 we can learn that________ . A. violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime B. a small conflict can lead to violence C. students tend to lose their temper easily D. the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight 15. Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5? A. To find out who to blame. B. To get ready to buy new things. C. To make clear what the real issue is. D. To figure out how to stop the shouting match. 16. After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that______. A. there was a decrease in classroom violence B. there was less student cooperation in the classroom C. more teachers fell better about themselves in schools D. the teacher-student relationship greatly improved 17. The writer’s purpose for writing this article is to_______. A. complain about problems in school education B. teach students different strategies for school life C. advocate teaching conflict management in schools D. inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence 【考点】日常生活类—议论文 【文章大意】 学生在学校和同学发生冲突在所难免,那么究竟该如何应对呢?本文进行了分析并给大家提供了一些有效的应对策略。 13.【答案】D 【试题解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?和整体理解,可知答案D符合文意。 14.【答案】B 【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的整体理解,一个小小的三明治都可以导致学生间冲突,由此可以以推知答案B符合文意。 15.【答案】C 【试题解析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段的第二句:It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish.,可以推断出答案C符合文意。 16.【答案】A 【试题解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的第二句:"64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom;可知答案A符合文意。 17.【答案】C 【试题解析】目的意图题。根据文章第一段的最后一句Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?可知答案C符合文意,其它各项均不符合文意,故排除。 【难度】一般 【长难句解析】Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?鉴于事实情况确实如此,那么我们为什么不像教学生算数学、开车或者保持健康那样来教育学生应对同学间的冲突和摩擦呢?they are taught to solve math problems是定语从句,关系代词that被省略,修饰先行词the way。 Passage 5 Students and Technology in the Classroom I love my blackberry—it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop computer ,as it holds all of my writing and thoughts .Despite this love of technology ,I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices(设备) and truly communicat with others. On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas .Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom ,I have a rule —no laptop ,iPads ,phones ,etc .When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy . Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology . There’s a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology . There’s no truth in that at all . I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students. The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas . I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the course the material and the class discussion . I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create .Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom . I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change ,I’m sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up. 18.Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with____ A. the course material B. others’ misuse of technology C. discussion topics D. the author’s class regulations 19.The underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means ____ A. explore B. accept C. change D. reject 20.According to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may ____ A. keep students from doing independent thinking B. encourage students to have in-depth conversations C. help students to better understand complex themes D. affect students’ concentration on course evaluation 21.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ____ A. is quite stubborn B. will give up teaching history C. will change his teaching plan soon D. values technology-free dialogues in his class 【答案】DAAD Passage 6 George Prochnik would like the world to put a sock in it. He makes his case in a new book, Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise. Here he explains himself (using his indoor voice): “We’ve become so accustomed to noise, there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. If you tell someone to be quiet, you sound like an old man. But it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet. Silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.” “We need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little. During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art—the spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl, the edges of a kimono(和服)brushing against the floor.” “Deaf people are very attentive(专注的)in almost every aspect of life. If two deaf people are walking together, using sign language, they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other. They are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. Even deaf teenagers! We in the hearing world can learn from them. If we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us—of little soft sounds and the sound of footsteps, of bird songs and ice cracking(开裂声). It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen. ” 【文章大意】文章介绍了George Prochnik的新著Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise 和他的观点:在喧嚣的世界中创造一方不太纷扰的环境,这个世界会更美好。 22. What does the phrase “to put a sock in it” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. to be quiet B. to be colorful C. to be full of love D. to be attentive to someone 【解析】选A。词义理解题。根据第二段作者的观点Silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.可知,作者是推崇的silence, 故选A项。 23. What does Prochnik say about us? A. We are used to quietness B. We have to put up with noise C. We do not think silence to be beneficial D. We do not believe lasting peace to be available 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段We’ve become so accustomed to noise, there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial和it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet及第三段During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art等句可以判断得出,我们生活在一个喧闹的世界,寂静才是我们的追求,故选择C项。 24. Which of the following is true according to Prochnik? A. We need more sounds in our lives B. There is nothing to be learned from the deaf C. We are not aware how rich the world around us is D. There is too much noise at a Japanese tea ceremony 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章末段If we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us.... It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen.可知C项正确。A项和作者的观点相反;根据We in the hearing world can learn from them (deaf people)可知B项错误;根据During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art可知作者赞赏the smallest sounds,故D项错误。 25. It can be inferred from the text that . A. we can benefit a lot from old people B. it is a good idea to use sign language C. there is no escape from the world of sound D. it is possible to find how beautiful things sound 【解析】选D。推理判断题。通读全文可知,尽管我们生活在一个喧闹的世界,作者提倡我们创造一个不太纷扰的环境,果真如此,这个世界是很美好的,据此D项正确。 Passage 7 Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo, New York--he in computers, she in special education. "Teaching means everything to us," Tim would say. In April1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life's purpose. Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Dolly Parton' s foundation (基金会) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singer's home town of Sevier, Tennessee. “I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire," Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk, "as a reminder." Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on imagination library .com. The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts. The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they went to Dollywood for a look-see. “We didn’t want to give the children rubbish,” says Linda. The books-reviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists and Dollywood board members-included classics such as Ezra Jack Keats’s The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdney’s Llama Llama series. Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2004, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their in their area. Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative: “This program introduces us to books I’ve never heard of .” The Richters spend about $400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people sit there and wait to die,” says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.” 26. What led Tim to hink seriously about the meaning of life? A. His health problem B. His love for teaching C. The influence of his wife D. The news from the Web 27.What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library? A. Give out brochures. B .Do something similar. C. Write books for children D. Retire from being a teacher. 28.According to the text, Dollly Parton is . A. a well-known surgeon B. a mother of a four-year-old C. a singer born in Tennessee D .a computer programmer 29.Why did the Richters go to Dollywood? A. To avoid signing up online. B. To meet Dollywood board members. C. To make sure the books were the newest. D. To see if the books were of good quality. 30.What can we learn from Tim’s words in the last paragraph? A. He needs more money to help the children. B. He wonders why some people are so busy. C. He tries to save those waiting to die. D. He considers his efforts worthwhile. 【解析】:ABCDD 【语篇解读】本文讲述了里克特作为教师的一家人在退休后又做出捐献书给儿童的决定,并且为此建立了基金会的事情,而且他们认为这使得他们的人生更为有意义。 26. A。细节理解题。由第一段最后两句话可知是Tim 得病导致他思考生命的意义。 27. B。细节理解题。从第二段Tim说的话中“I could do something like this when we retire”,知道他打算在退休后做类似的事,是B选项。 28. C。细节理解题。从第二段的第一句话得出Dollly Parton 是singer. 29. D.。细节理解题。从第四段前两句话中得出,“We didn’t want to give the children rubbish“ 比喻指我们不想要质量不好的东西。从本段首句主题句中也能得出the Richters 关心的是书的质量。 30. D。从最后一段Tim的话” 有些人坐而等待死亡,而有些人则在他的余生尽可能的忙碌着“ 可知,他认为自己做出的事情是值得的有意义的。 Passage 8 The teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt. She was Myrtle C. Manigault, the wife of my mother’s brother Bill. She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey. During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females. I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounced it good. I couldn’t dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps. She took me to the theatre ____ not just children’s theatre but adult comedies and dramas --- and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed. My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her. Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication. A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a “youth columnist”. My column, begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cover teenage social activities---and it did---but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs. Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her “favorite niece”. Like a diamond, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted(多面的) image of possibilities to every pupil who has crossed her path. 31. Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth? A. She lent her some serious classics. B. She cultivated her taste for music. C. She discovered her talent for dancing. D. She introduced her to adult plays. 32. What does Archy & Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to? A. A book of great fun. B. A writer of high fame. C. A serious masterpiece. D. A heartbreaking play. 33. Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to ____. A. develop her capabilities for writing. B. give her a chance to collect material C. involve her in teenage social activities D. offer her a series of writing jobs. 34. We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who _____. A. trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplined B. gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potential C. emphasized what was practical or possible for pupils D. helped pupils overcome difficulties in learning 【答案】DAAB Passage 9 The way we do things round here Some years ago, I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started, "Dear John, I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us." That "quite" saddened me. I thought he was saying "we're kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else." Then I discovered that in American English "quite"sometimes means "very", while in British English it means "fairly". So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don't just mean the words people speak. It is body language, dress, manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures(文化). Some of these differences may be only on the surface一dress, food and hours of work一while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate(气候),while getting on with business. Some of the differences may be an improvement. People are more polite; the service is better; you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However, other differences can be troubling, like punctuality(准时).If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the American Midwest, an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word "late" because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country. 35. The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought______. A. the American bank didn't think much of him B. the American bank might hire another person C. it's difficult to get used to American culture D. it's easy to misunderstand Americans 36.The word "highlights" in Paragraph 2 probably means_____. A. encourages B. helps to narrow C. increases D. draws attention to 37. According to the author, what should we do with most cultural differences? A. Ask the native people for help. B. Understand and accept them. C. Do things in our own way. D. Do in-depth research. 38. When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are______. A. Italians B. Germans C. Greeks D. the British 【答案】ADBB Passage 10 “Experience may possibly be the best teacher, but it is not a particular good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words, but they actually come from James March, a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organization decision making. For years March ( possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act, and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience. He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning :“Experience is respected;experience is sought;experience is explained.”The problem is that learning from experience involves(涉及) serious complications(复杂化),ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book. In one interesting part of book,for example,he turns a double eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. He says“The more accurately(精确的)reality is presented,the less understandable the story,and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.” Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher. March is also a poet, and his gift shines though in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short, it is demanding;Don’t pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. Rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life. 39. According to the text, James March is ____________. A. a poet who uses experience in his writing B. a teacher who teachers story writing in university C. a researcher who studies the way humans think and act D. a professor who helps organizations makes important decisions 40. According to James March, experience ______________. A. is overvalued B. is easy to explain C. should be actively sought 41. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. Experience makes stories more accurate. B. Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth. C. The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning. D. Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described. 42. What’s the purpose of this text? A. To introduce a book. B. To describe a researcher. C. To explain experiential learning. D. To discuss organizational decision making. 【答案】CABA Passage 11 About 21,000 young people in 17 American states do not attend classes in school buildings. Instead, they receive their elementary and high school education by working at home on computers. The center for Education Reform says the United States has 67 public “cyberschools(网络学校)” and that is about twice as many as two years ago. The money for students to go to a cyberschool comes from the governments of the states where they live. Some educators say cyberschools receive money that should support traditional public schools. They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well. Other educators praise this new form of education for letting students work at their own speed. These people say cyberschools help student’s who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditional schools. They say learning at home by computer ends long bus rides for children who live far from school. Whatever the judgment of cyberschools, they are getting more and more popular. For example, a new cyberschools called Commonwealth Connections Academy will take in students this fall. It will serve children in the state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen. Children get free equipment for their online education. This includes a computer, a printer, books and technical services. Parents and students talk with teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers when necessary. Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another. But 56 such students finished studies at Western Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School recently met for the first time. They were guests of honor at their graduation. 43, What do we know from the text about students of a cyberschool? A. They have to take long bus rides to school. B. They study at home rather than in classrooms. C. They receive money from traditional public schools. D. They do well in traditional school programs. 44. What is a problem with cyberschoois? A. Their equipment costs a lot of money. B. They get little support from the state government. C. It is hard to know students' progress in learning. D. The students find it hard to make friends. 45. Cyberschools are getting popular became A. they are less expensive for students B. their students can work at their own speed C. their graduates are more successful in society D. they serve students in a wider age range 46. We can infer that the author of the text is . A. unprejudiced in his description of cyberschools B. excited about the future of cyberschools C. doubtful about the quality of cyberschoois D. disappointed at the development of cyberschools 【答案】BCBA Passage 12 For five days,Edmonton's Downtown Park is transformed into one huge stage where artists are able to share their talents, and where people are able to celebrate and enjoy themselves .Since is beginning in 1980,the Edmonton Folk Music Festival has been commemorating(念)the ture feeling of what folk music is all about and that's the traditional togetherness(友爱)that is felt when people gather to share stories and feelings through song. This year will be the sixth year when volunteer Riedel will be offering up her time to the festival. "People coming off a busy spring and summer have a moment of relaxation ," Riedel said. "It's really east to relax, and it's great seeing family and friends have fun together." These families and friends come from all different kinds of musical tastes. People who take pleasure in Blues are there, so are people who love Bluegrass. This festival does its best to develop everyone's musical interests. With so many years of expenence .the festival has become a well-oiled machine, and does whatever it can to make attendees feel as possible. There are free water stations throughout the venue(举办地)for people to fill up their travel cups. When people buy food, reusable ashes are given a $2 plate fee, but that is returned when the plate is brought back. The festival has completely sold out of tickets, and in record time. But with big names such as Van Morrison and Jakob Dylan, it’s easy to see how that was going to happen. There is no parking area during the festival, so using the Park & Ride system or Edmonton Transit is highly recommended. A bike lock-up area is provided and will be available Thursday until Sunday one hour before the gates open until 45 minutes after the gates close. The Edmonton Folk Music Festival begins on Wednesday, Aug.4 with Van Morrison playing the special donation fund (基金)concert, and will finish up on Sunday, Aug.8. 47. The Edmonton Folk Music Festival is held mainly to ___________. A. gather people with different musical tastes B. remind people of the real sense of folk music C. exhibitive good voices of great talents in folk music D. collect old stories of folk music 48. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Riedel has volunteered for the festival for at least 5years. B. It’s hard for people to appreciate Blues. C. It costs people a little to fill up their cups from water stations. D. People have to pay ﹩2 for a plate of food. 49. We can learn from the passenger that____. A. people can get tickets easily for the festival B. the Edmonton Folk Music Festival is highly recommended. C. driving one’s own car to the festival is highly recommended D. bikes are available at the festival from Wednesday to Sunday 50. What would the best title for the passenger? A. Folk Music of Blues B. One Festival Family Gathering C. Festival for family Gathering D. Edmonton’s Downtown Park 【答案】 BABB查看更多