专题2-4+Wildlife+Protection（词汇短语）-2018年高三英语一轮总复习名师伴学

专题2-4+Wildlife+Protection（词汇短语）-2018年高三英语一轮总复习名师伴学

专题2.4+Wildlife+Protection ‎【学以致用】‎ 一、重点词汇细解 ‎1. decrease v. 减少；（使）变小；变少 n. 减少；降低；减少的数量，其后常接介词in/of ‎【教材原句】If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food，their numbers may decrease.(P25)‎ 如果它们的栖息地受到威胁或是它们找不到足够的食物，它们的数量就会减少。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎①on the decrease　在减少中 ‎②decrease to... 减少到……‎ decrease by... 减少了……‎ decrease from...to... 从……减少到……‎ ‎③increase vi.&vt. 增加；增长；增强n.增加；增加的数量 on the increase 在增加中 increase to ...增加到……‎ increase by ...增加了……‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 完成句子 ‎（1）The accidents have decreased 20%since the measure has been taken.‎ 自从采取这项措施以来，事故下降了20%。‎ ‎（2）The mistakes he has made are the decrease.‎ 他犯的错误正在减少。‎ ‎（3）The membership increased 150.‎ 会员数增加到150人。‎ ‎（4）The number of students in the class has increased 20.‎ 班级里的人数增加了20人。‎ ‎【易混辨析】reduce/decrease reduce强调在“数量、大小，程度或强度”方面下降或减少。‎ decrease侧重强调“稳定地，逐渐地，不断地”减少。‎ ‎2. respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应 ‎【教材原句】Daisy responded immediately. 戴茜立即做出回答。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎①respond to...　回应……；对……做出反应 respond that... 回答说……‎ ‎②response n. 回答；响应；反应 in response to 响应；反应(通常作状语)‎ make (no) response to 对……(不)做出反应/回答 ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎（1）I'm not sure how he will your answer.‎ 我不确定他对你的答复会做何反应。‎ ‎（2）He responded he would be pleased to attend the party.‎ 他回答说他很高兴参加派对。‎ ‎（3）The product was developed in (respond) to customer demand.‎ 这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。‎ ‎3. affect vt. 影响；侵袭；相当于；使感动；激起（悲伤、愤怒、爱等情绪）‎ ‎【教材原句】It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes. 它含有一种强效的药物可以预防蚊子。‎ ‎【易混辨析】affect/effect/influence affect 表示“影响，（病）侵袭”，多指不好的影响。当affect的宾语是人时，它表示引起心智或感情上的影响，即“使……感动”。‎ effect 表示“影响”时，是名词，指由于某种原因直接产生的结果，常用短语为：have an effect on对……有影响；in effect正在实行；实际上；side effect副作用；take effect开始实行；开始生效；without effect没有效果；come into effect生效；实施；bring/carry sth. into effect使……生效；be of no effect 无效果。‎ influence 多指对人的思想、观念、心理情绪等内在的东西产生潜移默化的影响，或对人的决定、行为等造成某种程度的影响。‎ ‎【即学即练】选词填空：affect, effect, influence ‎（1）The disease is beginning to her brain.‎ 疾病逐渐侵袭她的大脑。 ‎ ‎（2）We are deeply by his devotion to work.‎ 他对工作的奉献令我们深受感动。 ‎ ‎（3）The book had a great on his life. ‎ 这本书对他的人生影响很大。 ‎ ‎（4）Foreign food and climates can have an on your health. ‎ 异国的食品和气候可能会对你的健康产生影响. ‎ ‎【答案】（1）affect（2）affected（3）influence（4）effect 单项填空 Sichuan province by the earthquake，causing difficulties to the post festival road transport. ‎ A. were affected B. was affected C. had effected D. has affected ‎4. appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到；体会；理解 ‎ ‎【教材原句】You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.(P26)你们应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎①appreciate doing sth.　感激/喜欢做某事 I would appreciate it if... 如果……我会不胜感激 I appreciate your ability very much.‎ 我很欣赏你的能力。‎ We shall appreciate hearing from you again.‎ 能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。‎ I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it.‎ 如果你能帮助我做这件事，我将不胜感激。‎ ‎②appreciation n. 欣赏；鉴别；感激 in appreciation of... 作为对……的感谢；为感谢……‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎（1）I appreciate your us very much.‎ 我非常感激你帮助我们。‎ ‎（2）I would appreciate if you let me have that chance.‎ 要是你让我得到那个机会我将不胜感激。‎ ‎（3）He was given a rise in _ (appreciate) of his excellent work.‎ 由于欣赏他的工作出色而给他提薪。‎ ‎【答案】（1）helping（2）it（3）appreciation ‎（4）I really appreciate to relax with you on this nice island.‎ A. to have had time　 B. having time C. to have time　 D. to having time ‎ ‎【名师点津】‎ appreciate后可接名词、代词、动名词、名词性从句等作宾语，但不能接不定式。表示“感激，感谢”时，其后的宾语只能为“物”，不能为“人”。其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借助it，即：appreciate it if/when ...。学% ‎ ‎【易混辨析】appreciate/thank appreciate 表示“感激，感谢”时的结构为：appreciate (doing) sth.； appreciate it if/when ...‎ thank 表示“感谢”时的结构为：thank sb. for sth.。‎ ‎5. mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；宽容；恩惠；幸运；怜悯 ‎【教材原句】Farmers hunted us without mercy. 农民们毫不留情地猎杀我们。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎①at the mercy of sb./sth. 任由某人(某事物)摆布或控制 have mercy on/upon 对……有怜悯心 show mercy to sb. 宽恕/怜悯某人 without mercy 毫不留情地；残忍地 ‎②merciful adj. 仁慈的；宽大的 They showed mercy to their enemies. ‎ 他们对敌人很仁慈。‎ It’s a mercy she wasn’t hurt in the accident. ‎ 她在事故中未受伤, 真幸运。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 完成句子 ‎（1）We had no choice and had to be the sea.‎ 我们别无选择，只好受大海的摆布。‎ ‎（2）The kind man showed _ the child who is homeless.‎ 这个好心人对这个无家可归的孩子表示怜悯。‎ ‎（3）They had mercy their neighbor for he suffered a lot.‎ 他们对邻居表示同情，他受的苦难太多了。‎ ‎【答案】（1）at the mercy of（2）mercy to（3）on/upon 翻译句子 ‎ ‎（4）那只船在暴风雨中失去了控制。‎ ‎（5）可怜可怜我们吧！‎ ‎6. succeed vi.成功；继承 vt.接替；继任 ‎【教材原句】What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?‎ 如果野生动植物保护想取得成功的话，必须采取什么样的措施呢？‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎①succeed in(doing)sth.　成功完成某事 succeed to sth. 继承……‎ ‎②success n. 成功 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 圆满地；顺利地；成功地 He succeeded in getting a place at art school.‎ 他被艺术学校录取了。‎ She succeeded to the throne (= became queen) in 1558.‎ 她于1558年继承王位。‎ What's the secret of your success?‎ 你成功的秘诀是什么？‎ We congratulated them on the successful completion of the project.‎ 我们祝贺他们工程顺利竣工。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎（1）Who will his wealth?‎ 谁来继承他的财产呢？‎ ‎（2）Did he succeed in (pass) the exam?‎ 他考试及格了吗？‎ ‎（3）He met with (succeed)in his business.‎ 他在事业上获得了成功。‎ ‎【答案】（1）succeed to（2）passing（3）success ‎【语境助记】‎ After succeeding to his father's company as president of it successfully，he succeeded in making the company more successful in its field，which helped to make him a big success in turn.‎ 在他成功地继承了父亲的公司并成为公司总裁之后，他使公司在自己的领域里获得了更大的成功。反过来，公司的成功也成就了他的成功人士的地位。‎ ‎7. harm n.&vt. 损害；伤害 ‎【教材原句】What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals?‎ 应该采取什么措施来惩罚那些危害动物的人们呢？‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎①do harm to sb./sth.＝do sb./sth.harm 对……造成伤害 there is no harm in不妨 ‎②harmful adj.有害的 harmless adj.无害的 be harmful to对……有害 ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎（1）Modern farming method the countryside.‎ 现代的耕作方式对乡村造成了很大的损害。‎ ‎（2）There is a general awareness that smoking is ________ (harm)．‎ ‎8. bite vt.& vi. (bit，bitten) 咬；叮；刺痛；强忍(不说) n．咬；叮；咬(叮/蜇)伤；(咬下的)一口 ‎【教材原句】What should you do if you are being bitten by mosquitoes?‎ 如果你正在被蚊子叮咬，你应该做什么？‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ bite at　　向……咬去；冲……叫骂；上当 bite back 反唇相讥；强忍不说出来 bite one's lips 压抑怒气或悲伤 bite one's tongue 强忍着不说 be bitten by sth. 热衷于(着迷)某事 bite sb.in the leg咬某人的腿（bite＋人＋介词＋the＋部位）‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎（1）They are too knowing to bite such a bait.‎ 他们很老练，不上这种当。‎ ‎（2）The dog bit the thief the leg.‎ 那只狗咬了小偷的腿。‎ ‎（3）He's been bitten the travel bug .‎ 他迷上了旅游。‎ ‎9. inspect vt. 检查;视察 ‎【教材原句】When scientists inspected the bones, they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.(P30)‎ 科学家们观察它们的骨头时,惊奇地发现它们不仅跟其他恐龙一样可以跑,而且还可以爬树。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ inspect sb./sth. for sth. 检查；查看；审视 inspection n.检查;调查 carry out an inspection展开调查 inspector n.检查员;督导员 ‎【易混辨析】inspect, examine, check, investigate inspect ‎ 检查，视察，强调视察和官方行为，重在监督。‎ examine 通过仔细地检查来找出缺点或漏洞，审查，带有严肃和正规的意思 check 检验或测试某物的准确度或真假以确保正确、安全等，检查、核对、查证，侧重核对。‎ investigate 为发现事实真相或了解掌握情况来进行深入细致地侦察、调查。‎ ‎【即学即练】inspect, examine, check, investigate辨析 ‎（1）The Public Utilities Commission us once a year... ‎ 公共事业委员会每年到我们这里视察一次。‎ ‎（2）He her passport and stamped it. ‎ 他仔细检查了她的护照，然后在上面盖了章。‎ ‎（3） the container for cracks or leaks.‎ 检验容器是否有裂缝或者漏的地方。‎ ‎（4）Police are possible links between the murders.‎ 警察正在调查这些谋杀案之间是否存在关联。‎ ‎10. contain v.包含，容纳 ；控制，抑制（感情）‎ ‎【教材原句】It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes. 它含有一种强效的药物可以预防蚊子。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎①contain还有"抑制，忍住"的含义。‎ ‎②container n.容器，集装箱； ‎ ‎③containment n.控制 Tom's paper contained no mistakes at all. 汤姆的试卷里根本没有错误。‎ ‎【易混辨析】contain和include contain contain vt. 表示“包含，含有；能容纳”，侧重指内容或成分，其主语和宾语不属于同类。‎ include 侧重指范围，其主语和宾语属于同类，是整体与部分的关系。后面常接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 单项选择 ‎（1）— You look upset. What is the matter?‎ ‎ — I lost my handbag _______ my ID card and a lot of cash. ‎ A. including B. containing C. included D. contained ‎（2）---How about this kind of fruit?‎ ‎　　 ---Oh, this kind of fruit _____ lots of vitamin C and B.‎ ‎    A. remains     B. includes      C. contains      D. holds ‎【解析】‎ ‎（1）B本题考查include和contain的区别。contain“装有”，与bag构成逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用containing.句意：我丢了我的包，里面装有装有我的身份证和一大笔钱。‎ ‎（2）C 表示“包含、含有某种成分用contain。‎ ‎11. suggest vt. 建议；提出（意见、计划、理论等）；暗示；表明 ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎①suggest+doing 建议做……‎ suggest sb./sb.’s doing sth. 建议某人做某事（不说suggest sb. to do sth.）‎ suggest sth. to sb. 向某人提议…… ；使某人想起……（不能说suggest sb. sth.）‎ suggest (to sb.)+that从句(向某人)建议。（所接从句用虚拟语气：sb.+should+动词原形，should可以省略）‎ It is suggested that ... 建议是……‎ ‎②suggest sth. 暗示；表明……‎ suggest+that从句 暗示；表明……（从句用陈述语气）‎ I suggest doing it in another way. ‎ 我建议换一种方式做这件事。 ‎ They suggested another shop to us.‎ 他们向我们建议了另一家商店。 ‎ She suggested that we（should）have lunch at the new restaurant.‎ 她建议我们在那家新开的餐馆吃午餐。 ‎ Her expression suggested that she had told a lie.‎ 她的表情表明她撒了谎。‎ ‎【名师点津】‎ suggestion, advice, proposal作“建议”讲时，相关的名词性从句要用虚拟语气。‎ My suggestion is that we (should) go to the cinema together.我建议我们一块儿去看电影。(表语从句)‎ It’s suggested that you (should) stay here for another week.建议你在这儿再待一个星期。(主语从句)‎ He gave me an suggestion that I should go to Shanghai for a holiday.他建议我去上海旅游。(同位语从句) ‎ ‎【易混辨析】suggest和advise的用法 相同点：都可表示建议做某事， advise与suggest后面都可接名词/动名词/‎ ‎ that从句(should加动词原形，should可以省略)。例如: 　　他建议(我们)再等一会儿。 　　He advised/ suggested waiting a bit longer. 　　He advised/ suggested (our) waiting a bit longer. 　　He advised/ suggested that we (should) wait a bit longer.‎ 不同点：①advise后可以直接跟人称代词作宾语，如:advise sb. to do sth.; advise sb. against (doing) sth.; advise sb. on/ about sth.; 而suggest后一般用suggest to sb that …形式。如:他建议我们改天再来。‎ He advised us to come another day. 　　He suggested us to come another day. 　　He suggested us that we come another day. 　 ②suggest还有“暗示、表明、指出(一个事实)”的意思。此时从句中用陈述语气，不用虚拟语气。如:‎ Her expression suggested pleasure. 她面露喜色。‎ His silence could only suggest disapproval. 他的沉默只能暗示反对。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 单项填空 His suggestion to see the art exhibition interested everyone of us. ‎ A. that we go B. which we should go ‎ C. that we would go D. we should go The girl suggested me to go there at once.‎ ‎【答案】suggested　→　advised ‎ 二、核心短语回顾 ‎1. die out 灭绝；逐渐消失；灭亡 ‎【教材原句】As a result these endangered animals may even die out.(P25)结果濒危动物甚至可能要灭绝。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ die for渴望；很想 ‎ die to do 渴望；很想 die away（尤指声音、光、风）逐渐消失;停止 die down （兴奋、激动等情绪）渐弱；渐息；平息 die off （家族，种族等）相继死亡；（草木）枯死 die from/of 因……而死；通常由疾病、饥寒、情感原因造成的死亡用die of,除此之外的原因用die from。‎ Many species will soon die out if we don’t take action.‎ 如果我们不采取行动，许多物种将很快灭绝。‎ Many old customs have died out.‎ 许多旧的风俗已不复存在。 ‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎（1）单项填空 ‎①This kind of plants are . Some day they will forever. ‎ A. dying off；die out B. dying away；die off C. dying down；die out D. dying out；die away ‎②Unfortunately, the soldier died a wound in the chest. ‎ A. from B. out ‎ C. off D. down ‎（2）用die的相关短语填空 ‎ ‎①The noise of the car in the distance.‎ ‎②The old traditions are .‎ ‎③The man a wound.‎ ‎④I’m something to eat. ‎ ‎【答案】①died away ②dying out ③died from ④dying for ‎ ‎2. as a result 结果是；作为结果 ‎【经典例句】He worked hard. As a result, he got high marks. 他学习努力，结果，在考试中得了高分。‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ as a result of 作为……的结果 result from 由……造成；起因于（from后加原因）‎ result in 导致；结果是（in后加结果）‎ without result 没有结果，白费 in the result(其)结果(是)，最后 ‎【即学即练】‎ 用适当的介词填空 The boy is unable to go to school ______ a result ______ the fall from the horse.‎ ‎【答案】as；of 单项选择 ‎1．He broke down today completely ___ much work.‎ A. as result B. as a result of C. with the result that D. result from ‎2．Tom studies harder this term. _______, he has made great progress in his lessons.‎ A. As a result 　 B. After all C. By the way　　　 D. Instead ‎3．As is known to us all, failure usually_____laziness while diligence can______success.‎ A．results from; lie in B．results in; result from C．leads to; lie in D．results from; result in ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎3. in danger (of) 处境危险，有......的危险 ‎【教材原句】Why are they in danger of disappearing?它们为什么处于灭绝的危险中呢？‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎①out of danger　　　　　脱离危险 be a danger to sb./sth. 对某人/某物是个威胁 ‎②dangerous adj. 危险的(指事物或人对别人有危险)‎ ‎ be dangerous (for sb.) (to do sth.) （做某事）（对某人来说）是危险的 He told me that the girl was in danger，so I went to help her.‎ 他告诉我那个女孩儿身处险境，所以我去帮她了。‎ Police said the man was a danger to the public.‎ 警方说该名男子对公众是个危险。‎ ‎【易混辨析】in danger和dangerous in danger 指人或物本身处于危险中，受到外来的威胁 dangerous 指人、物、事态可能引起危险，对别人构成威胁 ‎【图形助记】‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 补全句子 ‎（1）You are if you don't take any medicine. ‎ 如果你不吃药的话，就有感冒的危险。‎ ‎（2）The traffic here is very for children.‎ 这里的交通对孩子很危险 ‎4. long to do 对......渴望；很想有......‎ ‎【教材原句】Daisy had always longed to help endangered species of wildlife.‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎①long v. 渴望 ‎ long (for sb.) to do sth. / long for sb. sth（尤指对看似不会很快发生的事）渴望 ‎ I’m longing to see you again. 我盼望再见到你 ‎ Children are always longing for holidays. 孩子总是渴望假期的 ‎②long adj. 长的；长时间的；长期的 adv. 长期地；很久地 ‎ Stay as long as you like. 你愿待多久就待多久。‎ ‎ We're a long way from anywhere here. 我们这里离任何一个地方都很远。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 单项选择 ‎1．Tom is longing ___ Beijing. A. to visit B.visiting C. visit D. visiting ‎2．The people in some countries ________ freedom.‎ A. longed  B. long for  C. longing   D. longing for  ‎ ‎3．Beijing has been suffering from choking smog now and then recently. Accordingly, people are now concerned about the PM2.5 readings and ________ winds more than ever before.‎ A. turn up B. long for C. spy on D. glare at ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1．A long to do 对......渴望；很想有...... ‎ ‎5. be used to do 被用来做某事 ‎【教材原句】Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you. 我们的毛被用来为像你一样的人们制作毛衣。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ used to do 过去常常，以前常常（现在不做了）‎ be/get used to doing习惯于做某事 ‎ We used to go there every year. 我每年都去那儿。‎ ‎ Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用来造纸。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 单项选择 ‎（1）He _______ cards with his friends, but now he _______ a walk after supper.‎ ‎ A. used to play; is used to having B. is used to playing, used to have C. used to play; is used to have D. is used to playing; is used to have ‎（2）He _____ live in a remote village, but he ______ the life in the city quickly. ‎ A. got used to; used to B. used to; got used to C. got used to; was used to D. used to; used to ‎（3）“Geili”, created from the two Chinese characters “gei” and “li”, _______ a word only ‎ spoken in some dialects, but now it _______ something cool or exciting all over the country. ‎ A. is used to being; used to describe B. used to be; used to describing C. is used to be; used to describing D. used to be; is used to describe ‎（4）He _________ live in the country ；but now he has _________ in the city. ‎ A. used to ； been used to living B. was used to ； used to live C. used to ； been used to live D. was used to ； used to living ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎（3）D试题分析：考察固定搭配。固定搭配used to do sth过去常常做某事；be used to do sth被用来做某事；句意：给力，是由中国汉字“给”和“力”组合而成的，过去只是在方言里被使用；但是现在在全国范围里被用来描述一下很酷很让人兴奋的事情。故D正确。‎ ‎（4）A考查used to和be used to doing的用法。句意：他过去住在农村,但现在他已经习惯于住在城市里。used to过去常常;be used to doing习惯于。‎ ‎6. pay attention to 注意 ‎【教材原句】You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together. 你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ catch/attract/draw one's attention　引起某人的注意 bring sth.to one's attention 使某事引起某人注意 fix/focus one's attention on 集中注意力于……‎ devote one's attention to... 专心于……‎ turn one's attention to 将注意力转向……‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 补全句子 ‎（1）Attention should be paid your pronunciation.‎ 你应该注意发音。‎ ‎（2）The child fixed his attention the toys.‎ 那个孩子的注意力集中在玩具上。‎ ‎【答案】（1）to （2）on ‎7. protect ...from ... 保护……免受……，后接较小的事情或危害，如：frost, harm, catching cold。‎ ‎【教材原句】“I’m protecting myself from mosquitoes,” it replied. “我保护自己免受蚊子叮咬，”它回答道。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ protect ...against ...后接较大的事情，如：战争、灾害、重税、威胁等。‎ keep sb. from doing sth. = prevent/stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事 keep sb. doing sth.使某人一直做某事 defend ...from/against保卫……以抵御…… ‎ ‎【易混辨析】defend/protect/guard/preserve ‎ defend 保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）；‎ protect 常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻的意思；‎ guard 含有看守的意思；‎ preserve 指采取措施维护、保护、保存。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎（1）You must learn to the danger.‎ 你必须学会保护自己，免遭危险。‎ ‎（2）She had to the guard dog. ‎ 她不得不防备看门狗咬她。‎ ‎（3）A policeman was the entrance to the embassy.‎ 一位警察正守卫在大使馆出口处。‎ ‎（4）It is one of the duties of the police to public order.‎ 警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。 ‎ ‎【答案】（1）protect yourself from （2）defend herself against （3）guarding （4）preserve 单项填空 ‎（5）Use the umbrella to yourself from the rain. ‎ A. prevent B. protect ‎ C. defend D. protection ‎8. come into being 形成；产生（不可用于被动语态或进行时）‎ ‎【教材原句】They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.‎ 千百万年前，他们(恐龙)就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时它们的前景好像也很安全。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ come into existence 形成；产生；开始存在 come into effect/force/operation开始生效；开始实施 come into use 开始被使用 ‎【即学即练】‎ 补全句子 ‎（1）When do the new laws ?‎ 新法律什么时候开始执行？‎ ‎（2）A new type of microscope has . ‎ 一种新型显微镜已开始使用.‎ ‎【答案】（1）come into effect/force/operation （2）come into use 单项填空 ‎（3）Before the computer , people could never imagine it could bring about such great changes to human life.‎ A. came into being B. was discovered C. was come into being D. was formed ‎ ‎9. according to 按照；根据……所说 ‎【教材原句】According to a UN report，some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years.‎ 根据联合国的一份报告，在过去500年里，有大约844种动植物消失。‎ According to experts' instructions，they gave up the experiment immediately.‎ 根据专家们的指示，他们马上放弃了这项试验。‎ ‎【名师点津】according to后可接名词、代词或what从句。according ‎ to用来引出来自他人或他处的消息，不能与me或my opinion连用。in my opinion 表示自己的观点，意为“依我看”。‎ 依我看，这部电影很不错。‎ In my opinion，the film is wonderful.(正)‎ According to my opinion，the film is wonderful.(误)‎ According to me，the film is wonderful.(误)‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 完成句子 You've been absent six times our records.‎ 根据我们的记录，你已经缺席六次了。‎ ‎10. 【教材原句】In relief Daisy burst into laughter. 黛西如释重负，突然笑了起来。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎（1）in relief 如释重负；松了口气；显著地 ‎ relief from/of sth. （焦虑、痛苦等的）减轻，消除，缓和 ‎（2）①burst into sth. 突然（进入某种状态或发生某种情况）‎ ‎ burst into laughter 突然大笑 ‎ burst into tears 突然哭起来 ‎ ‎②burst into/in sw. 闯进，突然破门而入 ‎ ③burst in on sb./sth. 突然闯进而打断（打扰）‎ ‎ ④burst out 突然激动地喊叫；突然开始 ‎【即学即练】‎ 单项选择 ‎1．The doctor came out and said the operation was well finished. The parents smiled ________ and the nervousness disappeared from their faces.‎ A. in relief B. in danger C. in peace D. in reality ‎2．We smiled ________when Dr. Smith told us Granny’s operation was a great success and that she would recover soon.‎ A. in relief B. in peace C. in turn D. in time ‎3．Hearing the news, Lillte Jim burst into ___‎ A. laughing B. laughters C. laughter D. be laughing ‎4．Hearing the news, she _____________.‎ A. burst into tears B. burst into crying C. burst crying D. burst of crying.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1. A. in relief如释重负般地B. in danger处于危险中C. in peace和平地D. in reality事实上；句意：医生出来了说手术非常的成功。父母亲如释重负般的微笑了一下，那种紧张感也烟消云散了。故选A ‎ 考点：in +抽象名词 ‎3．C ‎4．A考查固定词组。突然哭起来：burst into tears=burst out crying.故A正确。burst的这两个用法要特别注意burst into sth, burst out doing突然…起来。‎ ‎ ‎