【英语】河北省邯郸市大名县第一中学2020-2021学年高二上学期9月月考试题（解析版）

【英语】河北省邯郸市大名县第一中学2020-2021学年高二上学期9月月考试题（解析版）

河北省邯郸市大名县第一中学2020-2021学年高二上学期 ‎9月月考英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） ‎ 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 ‎ ‎1. What time is it now?‎ A. 5:40. B. 5:20. C. 5:10.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: This is Tom speaking. I will come to your house and pick you up in half an hour. Is that OK?‎ W: Good! That means you’ll be here at 5:40.‎ ‎2. What will the woman do on Friday?‎ A. Study at home. ‎ B. Take an examination. ‎ C. Go on a tour with the man.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Would you like to go on a tour with us on Friday?‎ W: I would enjoy that very much if I did’t have to take an examination on Saturday. I think I’d better stay at home and study.‎ ‎3. What will the woman probably do?‎ A. Buy a new fridge. ‎ B. Call a repairman. ‎ C. Ask the man to fix her fridge.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: I’m no expert, but that noise in your fridge doesn’t sound good. Maybe you should call and have it checked out.‎ W: You’re right. I’ll do that right away.‎ ‎4. What can we know about the man?‎ A. He will not give up his job. ‎ B. He likes his job very much. ‎ C. He has a large family to support.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Well, you said you didn’t care very much for you job. Have you ever thought of giving it up?‎ M: Not really. You see I have a lot of friends in the office. I’m part of the family there.‎ ‎5. How will the guests go to New York?‎ A. By train. B. By car. C. By plane.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: The guests are leaving for New York today on the ten o’clock flight. We need someone to get them to the airport on time.‎ W: I’d be happy to, but my car is being repaired now.‎ 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） ‎ 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 ‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎6. What is the man’s telephone number?‎ A. 720-6622. B. 720-2626. C. 720-7722.‎ ‎7. What can we learn from the conversation?‎ A. Mr. James Miller is the man’s brother. ‎ B. The man doesn’t know Mr. James Miller.‎ C. Mr. James Miller is the man’s workmate.‎ ‎【答案】6. A 7. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: May I speak to Mr. James Miller?‎ M: James Miller? There is no one here by that name.‎ W: Is this 720-6622?‎ M: Yes, you have the right number. But there is no one here by that name.‎ W: I am sorry. ‎ M: That’s all right.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎8. What happened just now?‎ A. The man got injured. ‎ B. The man fell onto the ground. ‎ C. The man broke a nice dish.‎ ‎9. What is the father doing?‎ A. Writing in the study. ‎ B. Eating a piece of cake. ‎ C. Drinking a glass of water.‎ ‎10. What does the woman ask the man to do?‎ A. To watch TV. ‎ B. To do homework. ‎ C. To get a glass of water.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: What’s the big noise?‎ M: Sorry. Mom. I broke a dish.‎ W: Oh, that was a very nice dish. But it doesn’t matter, honey. Are you injured?‎ M: No.‎ W: But what do you need a dish for?‎ M: Dad has been writing his book in the study for three hours. He must be hungry now. I want to bring him some food.‎ W: Don’t worry. He came downstairs about half an hour ago. He ate a piece of cake and drank a glass water.‎ M: Then I’ll go to watch TV now.‎ W: Dear, it’s time for homework.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎11. What is the woman doing?‎ A. Watching videos on the Internet. ‎ B. Searching on the Internet. ‎ C. Preparing for a lecture.‎ ‎12. What day is it today?‎ A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.‎ ‎13. What is the woman’s plan for tonight?‎ A. To go to the gym. B. To stay in her room. C. To go shopping.‎ ‎【答案】11. A 12. A 13. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: What is so funny? You are laughing all the time.‎ W: I’m watching some funny videos on this website. They are really funny.‎ M: Oh, I came to remind you that the lecture begins in an hour. You should go now.‎ W: The lecture has been put off.‎ M: Really? When will it be held then?‎ W: The day after tomorrow, this Sunday.‎ M: Then what will you do this afternoon? I don’t think it’s a good idea to stay in your room all the time.‎ W: I’ll go to the gym with Alice at four o’clock this afternoon. We’ll work out there for an hour.‎ M: Will you come back for supper?‎ W: Yes. I’ll be back around six o’clock. After supper, I’ll go to buy a dress with Alice.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎14. What’s wrong with David?‎ A. He is seriously injured. B. His right arm is injured. C. He hurt his forehead in a traffic accident.‎ ‎15. What does the woman think of David?‎ A. He drives too fast. ‎ B. He is very careless. ‎ C. He is bad at driving.‎ ‎16. Who caused the traffic accident?‎ A. David. B. David’s daughter. C. The truck driver.‎ ‎17. What do we know about David’s daughter?‎ A She was injured in the accident. ‎ B. She was frightened in the accident.‎ C. She kept calm in the accident.‎ ‎【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C 17. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: I saw David in the hospital yesterday. What’s wrong with him?‎ M: He had a traffic accident yesterday morning. He hurt his arm.‎ W: He drives fast. He really should change this bad habit.‎ M: But it wasn’t his fault yesterday. As a matter of fact, he wasn’t driving fast at all.‎ W: Then whose fault was it?‎ M: Well, he was driving carefully yesterday because his daughter was in the car. But suddenly, a truck appeared and blocked their way. The truck driver was drunk. It was his fault. ‎ W: That was very dangerous.‎ M: Sure it was. Luckily, David is a good driver. He avoided the truck. But his car hit a tree and his right arm was injured.‎ W: Did his daughter get hurt, too?‎ M: Luckily, she didn’t. But she was frightened. She cried out loudly. ‎ W: I’m sure she’ll have bad dreams. People should never drive when they are drunk.‎ M: You are right.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。‎ ‎18. What does Bill Bird do?‎ A. He makes shoes for poor people. ‎ B. He repairs shoes that are extremely expensive.‎ C. He makes shoes for people with feet of unusual sizes.‎ ‎19. What is Bill Bird’s problem?‎ A. People think he asks for too much money. ‎ B. He cannot find skilled workers.‎ C. His workers don’t work hard.‎ ‎20. How much do customers pay for their first pair of shoes?‎ A. About 500 dollars. B. About 450 dollars. C. About 320 dollars.‎ ‎【答案】18. C 19. B 20. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】Bill Bird is a shoemaker. He now cannot make shoes fast enough for his growing number of customers. He asks for more than 300 dollars for one pair of shoes. Customers travel hundreds of kilometers to have their feet measured. His shoe-making shop is in the country side near London. He makes shoes for people with feet of unusual sizes: very large, very small, very broad or very narrow. The shoes are at least as good as those found in ordinary shops. Mr. Bird says, “My problem is that I cannot find skilled workers. Young people all seem to prefer to work with computers these days. We will lose the necessary skills soon because there are fewer and fewer shoemakers nowadays. I am 45,and now I want to teach young people everything I know about making shoes. It’s a good job, and a lot of people want to buy beautiful shoes made specially for them.” He started working in the business 19 years ago and now he employs three other people. His customers pay about 500 dollars for their first pair of shoes. He says, “Our customers come because they want comfortable shoes which are exactly the right size.” Extra pairs of shoes cost between 320 dollars and 450 dollars as it takes one employee a whole week to make just one shoe.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A London weekend Walks ‎1,000 Years of History ‎11:00 am Westminster Underground This walk is the best choice for the first-time visitor. We’ll show you where kings and queens were crowned(加冕), where they lived and where they are buried. You will see where politicians have shaped the course of history over the years. This walk finishes at the House of Parliament, which you can visit afterwards at a good discount.‎ Canals and Cafes ‎11:00 am Camden Town Underground Camden Town, with its canals, cafes and studios, is the home of many artists, musicians and writers. The high point of the walk is a visit to Camden Lock, London’s most exciting street market. You may like to take a canal trip to London Zoo after this walk.‎ Historic Greenwich ‎2:00 pm Tower Hill Underground The walk begins with the best boat ride in London, five kilometers down the river from Tower Bridge to the Royal Naval College in Greenwich. From there you’ll walk through Greenwich Park past the Naval Museum and other historic buildings to the village itself. We’ll take you down narrow streets with busy shops and markets, back to the riverside where this walk ends.‎ Unexpected London ‎3:00pm Tower Hill Underground This walk begins with a ride on Europe’s most modern city railway giving you fine views across the Thames and riversides area. We will get on and off the train for mini-walks to discover the hidden corners of the former port(港口) of London.‎ To go on one of our walks, simply meet your guide in the street outside the underground stations. All these walks last about two hours and end near underground stations. A walk costs ￡4.50(￡3.50 for the elderly).Children under 12 can go for free but they must be with an adult.‎ ‎21. Which walk includes a visit to London’s most exciting street market?‎ A. Canals and Cafes. B. Historic Greenwich.‎ C. Unexpected London. D. 1,000 Years of History.‎ ‎22. What will you do on the Historic Greenwich walk?‎ A. Walk through the Royal Naval College.‎ B. Visit the Naval Museum.‎ C. Meet famous people.‎ D. Take a boat trip.‎ ‎23. How much will a young couple with their 6-year-old kid spend on one of the walks?‎ A. ￡4.50. B. ￡7.00. C. ￡9.00. D. ￡13.50.‎ ‎【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章是对四个伦敦周末步行团的路线、时间和费用等相关信息的介绍。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据“Canals and Cafes”部分中的“The high point of the walk is a visit to Camden Lock, London’s most exciting street market.(步行的高潮是去Camden Lock，伦敦最令人激动的街市)”可知，Canals and Cafes包含了去伦敦最令人激动的街市。故选A项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Historic Greenwich部分中“The walk begins with the best boat ride in London, five kilometers down the river from Tower Bridge to the Royal Naval College in Greenwich.”可知，参加该步行团的游客会先沿河从伦敦塔桥乘船到格林威治皇家海学院。故选D项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后两句“A walk costs ￡4.50(￡3.50 for the elderly).Children under 12 can go for free but they must be with an adult.”可知，年轻夫妇每人的费用是4.5英镑，而12岁以下的儿童免费，故他们三口之家总共需要花费9英镑。故选C项。‎ B Women have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times. Dozens of women have won the Nobel Prize in science, one of the highest honors in the world. Some women scientists never married, some worked with their husbands, and others raised large families. It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.‎ In the early 1800s in England, Mary Anning became one of the first women recognized for her discoveries about the ancient history of the earth. Mary and her father collected fossils(化石)in their village on the south coast of Great Britain. Fossils are parts of plants or animals that have been saved in rocks for millions of years.‎ When she was only twelve years old, Mary became the first person to find the almost complete skeletons (骨架)of several animals that no longer existed on earth. She didn’t become famous for her discoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to support her family.‎ In 1891, a young Polish woman named Marie Sklodowska traveled to Paris to study physics. She did so because she could not get a college education in Poland. She began working in the laboratory of a man named Pierre Curie. Marie and Pierre Curie got married and made many discoveries together. They received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 along with another scientist. Marie Curie became the first person to be awarded a second Nobel Prize in 1911, this time in Chemistry. Marie Curie was one of the few women at the time that became famous as a scientist.‎ ‎24. What does the author think of women scientists according to Paragraph 1?‎ A. They go through difficulties to be successful.‎ B. They cannot get the highest honors in the world.‎ C. They had better pay more attention to their families.‎ D. They have more opportunities to become successful.‎ ‎25. Why did Mary fail to be famous for her discoveries of fossils?‎ A. She didn’t want to be known to anyone.‎ B. They weren’t worth studying.‎ C. Nobody recognized them.‎ D. She sold them for money.‎ ‎26. What can we know about Marie Curie?‎ A. She finished her college education in Poland.‎ B. She was the first woman to win two Nobel Prizes.‎ C. She won the first Nobel Prize before getting married.‎ D. She and her husband won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.‎ ‎27. What’s the text mainly about?‎ A. Ancient discoveries of scientists.‎ B. Some stories of women scientists.‎ C. Successful marriages of women scientists.‎ D. Some women scientists winning the Nobel Prize.‎ ‎【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. B ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了以Mary Anning和Marie Curie为代表的女性科学家的故事。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段末尾句内容“It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.”可知，在作者看来，女性成为成功的科学家是很难的。故选A项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段末尾句内容“She didn’t become famous for her discoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to support her family.”可知，她当时并没有因为发现化石而出名是因为她经常卖掉化石来赚钱养家。故选D项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“They received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 along with another scientist. Marie Curie became the first person to be awarded a second Nobel Prize in 1911,this time in Chemistry.”可知，1903年，居里夫人夫妇和另一位科学家一起获得了诺贝尔物理学奖，1911年，居里夫人成为第一个获得第二个诺贝尔奖的人，这次是在化学领域。因此可知，她是第一位两次获得诺贝尔奖的女性。故选B项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章结构为总分结构，第一段提及了本文的中心话题：Women have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times…It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.( 从古代开始，女性就一直在进行科学发现……女性很难成为成功的科学家。)，可知文章的话题为“女性科学家”，并在后文讲述了Mary Anning和Marie Curie的成功故事。选项B “Some stories of women scientists.(一些女科学家的故事。)”合理概括了文章中心主旨。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】细节理解题之直接信息题 对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中的细微差别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。比如文章的第2小题：‎ ‎2. Why did Mary fail to be famous for her discoveries of fossils? ‎ A. She didn’t want to be known to anyone. ‎ B. They weren’t worth studying. ‎ C. Nobody recognized them. ‎ D. She sold them for money.‎ 直接信息题。根据关键词“fail to be famous for her discoveries of fossils”定位原文内容“She didn’t become famous for her discoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to support her family.”，很明显，答案就在原文中：because she often sold her fossils to get money to support her family，与选项D表达一致。故选D项为答案。‎ C There are many ways to travel within a city. We can walk, cycle, or take a bus. But no matter which way we travel, we have to stick to the route(线路) the city planners laid down for us. ‎ Parkour practitioners (跑酷爱好者), however, see the city in a completely different way. To them, there are no fixed routes. There are no walls and no stairs—since they jump, climb, roll and crawl to move across, through, over and under anything that they find in their path. The city is their playground. ‎ The International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) has noticed that this activity is drawing more and more people to it—there are 100,000 people taking part in parkour today in the UK alone, according to the Guardian—and how it is helpful for people to be much stronger: It trains coordination(协调性) and balance. So the organization is thinking about recognizing parkour as a new sport and adding it to the Olympics by 2024. ‎ But parkour practitioners themselves don’t seem to be happy with the idea. They see parkour as “a lifestyle”, wrote the website NextSportStar. “It’s a competition against the conditions rather than just a sport.” ‎ Indeed, many do parkour just to “escape the daily routine(事务) and experience the city in different ways”, wrote reporter Oli Mould on The Conversation. They see parkour as a way to express themselves through relaxing moves and creative routes while freeing themselves from the pressure.‎ It’s great that the FIG wants to develop new sport and stay close to a new cultural form. But it would be greater if they knew that not everything in life is a competition.‎ ‎28. How do the parkour practitioners do parkour?‎ A. They move on as they wish. ‎ B. They choose the routes the city planners laid down.‎ C. They run faster than others. ‎ D. They stick to certain routes.‎ ‎29. Why does the FIG want to add parkour to the Olympics?‎ A. It’s a special way of life. B. It draws their attention.‎ C. It’s good for people to keep healthy. D. It needs some rules and instructions.‎ ‎30. What is the author’s idea on parkour?‎ A. It is more formal than other sports. B. It helps people to be creative.‎ C. It’s worth adding to the sporting event. D. It calls on people to work as a team.‎ ‎31. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A. A new sports competition B. Parkour practitioners C. Training in a different way D. Making the city their own ‎【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跑酷这项体育运动，跑酷爱好者将城市作为自己的游乐场，按照自己的意愿在城市中移动。国际体操联合会考虑将跑酷加入奥运会，因为它有助于人们保持健康。作者认为跑酷帮助人们变得有创造力，还可以释放压力。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中To them, there are no fixed routes. There are no walls and no stairs—since they jump, climb, roll and crawl to move across, through, over and under anything that they find in their path.可知对他们来说，没有固定的路线。没有墙，也没有楼梯——因为他们通过跳跃、攀爬、翻滚和爬行来穿越、穿过、翻越和从任何他们发现的东西下面移动。由此可推知，跑酷爱好者会按照自己的意愿移动。故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段The International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) has noticed that this activity is drawing more and more people to it—there are 100,000 people taking part in parkour today in the UK alone, according to the Guardian—and how it is helpful for people to be much stronger: It trains coordination and balance. So the organization is thinking about recognizing parkour as a new sport and adding it to the Olympics by 2024.‎ 可知国际体操联合会已经注意到这项运动正吸引着越来越多的人——据《卫报》报道，目前仅在英国就有10万人参加跑酷——以及跑酷如何有助于人们变得更强壮：它可以锻炼协调性和平衡性。因此，该组织正在考虑接受跑酷为一项新运动，并在2024年将其加入奥运会。由此可知，国际体操联合会考虑将跑酷加入奥运会，因为它有助于人们保持健康。故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中They see parkour as a way to express themselves through relaxing moves and creative routes while freeing themselves from the pressure.可知通过放松的动作和创造性的路线，他们把跑酷视为一种表达自己的方式，同时可以释放自己的压力。由此可推知，作者认为跑酷帮助人们变得有创造力。故选B。‎ ‎【31详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第二段Parkour practitioners (跑酷爱好者), however, see the city in a completely different way. To them, there are no fixed routes. There are no walls and no stairs—since they jump, climb, roll and crawl to move across, through, over and under anything that they find in their path. The city is their playground.可知然而，跑酷练习者对城市的看法却完全不同。对他们来说，没有固定的路线。没有墙，也没有楼梯——因为他们通过跳跃、攀爬、翻滚和爬行来穿越、穿过、翻越和从任何他们发现的东西下面移动。城市就是他们的游乐场。结合文章主要介绍了跑酷这项体育运动，跑酷爱好者将城市作为自己的游乐场，按照自己的意愿在城市中移动。国际体操联合会考虑将跑酷加入奥运会，因为它有助于人们保持健康。作者认为跑酷帮助人们变得有创造力，还可以释放压力。由此可知，D选项“将城市归为他们自己所有”最符合文章标题。故选D。‎ D What kind of amusing activities will you participate in during your life? Will you be spending your free time doing safe sports with little danger or will you always be one of the first people to try the next popular extreme activity? Scientists have been interested in finding out why some people seem to prefer dangerous activities Researchers have found that men often try to impress other people by proving that they are courageous and fearless, and they are more likely to take risks when people are watching them or when they are competing against other men. Research also shows that as people get older they usually behave more responsibly and try not to take unnecessary risks. In addition, when people are in stable relationships, they seem to be less attracted to daring activities.‎ Some people seem to be more daring than others, but there are many different types. Do they take all types of risk? Psychologists have identified a number of categories(种类) of risks. These include financial risks, risks related to health and safety, amusing risks and social risks. Psychologists discover that just if a person enjoys bungee jumping, it doesn’t mean he or she will take chances when investing money or that he or she will tell a joke to a group of strangers.‎ Interestingly, research shows that in most cases men are less cautious than women, but women take more social risks than men. Men are more likely to make career changes as they get older and to express unpopular opinions in business meetings.‎ Yet, at the end of the day, the probability of particular people taking a risk depends on what type of people they belong to. In general, optimistic people are more likely to take risks because they focus on the possible positive outcomes (结果) of their actions. On the other hand, pessimistic people are the complete opposite.‎ ‎32. Why do men try to prove they are brave according to the research?‎ A. To attract people’s attention.‎ B. To take on more responsibility.‎ C. To make favorable impressions on people.‎ D. To develop stable relationships with others.‎ ‎33. What does the example of bungee jumping indicate?‎ A. There are more than one type of risk.‎ B. Bungee jumping is dangerous, but popular.‎ C. People take one type of risk, but not another.‎ D. Some people are more courageous than others.‎ ‎34. What have researchers discovered about women?‎ A. They are willing to take risks.‎ B. They are always changing jobs.‎ C. They are good at doing business.‎ D. They are usually more conservative (保守的) than men.‎ ‎35. What mainly determine whether people take risks possibly?‎ A. Their personalities (性格). B. Their financial conditions.‎ C. There social relationships. D. Their expectations of outcomes.‎ ‎【答案】32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们人们的冒险意识和性别、年龄、领域、个性等有关。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段Researchers have found that men often try to impress other people by proving that they are courageous and fearless, and they are more likely to take risks when people are watching them or when they are competing against other men. 可知，研究人员发现，男性经常通过证明自己的勇敢和无畏来给别人留下深刻印象，当人们注视着他们或与其他男性竞争时，他们更有可能冒险。由此推知，男人试图证明他们有勇气是为给别人留下好印象。故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段. Psychologists discover that just if a person enjoys bungee jumping, it doesn’t mean he or she will take chances when investing money or that he or she will tell a joke to a group of strangers.可知，心理学家发现，如果一个人喜欢蹦极，并不意味着他或她会在投资时冒险，也不意味着他或她会对一群陌生人讲笑话。由此可推知，作者列举蹦极的例子是为了告诉我们，人们会承担一种风险，但不会承担另一种风险。故选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 research shows that in most cases men are less cautious than women可知，研究表明，在大多数情况下，男性没有女性那么谨慎。由此可知，女性通常比男性更保守。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段the probability of particular people taking a risk depends on what type of people they belong to可知，某些人冒险的概率取决于他们属于什么类型的人。由此可知，人们的性格决定了人们是否愿意冒险。故选A。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Tips for taking care of friendships Some people are meant to come and go from your lives quickly. Other friends may grow with you as your life changes. One way to keep friendships of any level strong is to take good care of ‎ them.‎ Send handwritten notes Just find a note card, write something by hand, and then mail it. ___36___ Since electronic communication is becoming popular these days, a handwritten note can really make an impression.‎ Be active in contacting friends Many people call up friends only when they need something. The problem with this is it makes it look as if you don’t really care about your friend. ___37___ Regularly check in with your friends so they know you are sincere.‎ Call up friends Electronic communication is great, but there is nothing like hearing your friend’s voice to give you a lift. Make a point to call up friends and check in with them. ___38___. Just a few minutes every month can make a difference in your friendship.‎ Give meaningful gifts Put some thought into the gifts you give a friend. ___39___. In fact, often the smallest but most thoughtful ones are the biggest hit.‎ ‎___40___‎ People who argue from time to time actually have healthier friendships than those who never discuss their points of conflict（冲突）. Learn how to argue in a healthy way and work through the issues in your friendship.‎ A. Talk things out B. Get together with friends C. The phone calls don’t have to be long D. The presents don’t have to be large or expensive E. This will really stand out in your friend’s mailbox F. Discuss your issues with the goal of making your relationship healthier G. Remember to call up friends or send an email to see how they are doing ‎【答案】36. E 37. G 38. C 39. D 40. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了维系友谊的一些建议。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 上文提示“只要找到一张便签，用手写一些东西，然后把它寄出去。”所以小题1承接上文，E项This will really stand out in your friend’s mailbox“这将会在你朋友的邮箱中引人注目”切题。该项中的this指上句内容。故选E项。‎ ‎37题详解】‎ 上文提示“问题在于，它让你看起来不太在乎你的朋友。”空格下文提示“经常和你的朋友联系，让他们知道你是真诚的。”所以小题2承接上下文，G项 Remember to call up friends or send an email to see how they are doing“记得打电话给朋友或发邮件看看他们是怎么做的”切题。该项中的call up friends or send an email与下文的Regularly check in with your friends相吻合。故选G项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 下文提示“每个月只要打电话几分钟就能改变你的友谊。”所以小题3承接下文，C项The phone calls don’t have to be long“电话不必长”切题。故选C项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 下文提示“事实上，最微小但最具思想性的礼物往往是最受欢迎的。”所以小题4承接下文，D项The presents don’t have to be large or expensive“礼物不一定要大，也不贵”切题。故选D项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 此空是小标题，应该用段小精悍的祈使句，所以在A/B/F中选。本段第一句提示“那些经常争吵的人实际上比那些从不讨论自己的冲突观点的人拥有更健康的友谊。”由此推知，A项 Talk things out“把观点说出来”切题。故选A项。‎ 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 （A 、B 、C 和 D ）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Scott had always been creative. As he finished university, he decided to become an inventor. He often designed many new things. His friends thought that he was misguided. “You cannot spend your life as a(n) ___41___. You will ___42___ have a steady (稳定的) income.” Luke, his best friend, was ___43___ his friend’s future. “Why don’t you reconsider and get a job in the city?” Luke often asked. “This is my ___44___,” Scott said to Luke. “I have wanted to be an inventor since I was a small child. I am not going to ___45___.” ‎ Over several years, Scott developed many ideas that ___46___to become a success. His first invention had many ___47___ and he was unable to sell it. His second idea received little support from people or companies. Scott’s friend Luke continued to encourage him to find a(n) ___48___ career (职业). “Scott, you have to think about your future. I think it is time to ___49___ something else.” “But I cannot stop now. I am so close to coming up with something huge. ___50___ I left my designs now, all my life would have been wasted,” he replied. Luke nodded, “I ____51____, my friend. Just know that I am here to support you.”‎ Then one day it happened. Scott ___52___ his design of a new wing for an airplane. He presented it to several companies who all loved his ___53___. After some competition, a company offered to buy his design.‎ ‎“I knew that one day I would ___54___ it!” he said to Luke as they celebrated at his apartment. Luke felt a little guilty (内疚的) for ever suggesting that Scott should give up. “I don’t know how you kept going all these years,” Luke said. “You certainly deserve every bit of your ___55___.”‎ ‎41. A. writer B. inventor C. doctor D. teacher ‎42. A. never B. still C. even D. also ‎43. A. tired of B. interested in ‎ C. disappointed at D. worried about ‎44. A. change B. dream C. honor D. chance ‎45 A‎. look back B. fall behind C. run away D. give up ‎46. A. failed B. started ‎ C. happened D. appeared ‎47. A. secrets B. disadvantages ‎ C. stories D. corrections ‎48. A. different B. unusual C. important D. happy ‎49. A. design B. check C. try D. learn ‎50. A. Because B. Although C. If D. When ‎51. A. insist B. doubt ‎ C. remember D. understand ‎52. A. began B. completed ‎ C. used D. impressed ‎53. A. idea B. hobby C. job D. help ‎54. A. have B. finish C. make D. keep ‎55. A. comfort B. success C. patience D. wealth ‎【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。Scott从小就热爱发明，大学毕业后成为一个发明家，朋友多次劝说他放弃，但他的坚持最终让他取得了成功。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不能作为一个发明家度过你的一生。A. writer作家，作者；B. inventor发明家；C. doctor医生；D. teacher老师。根据上文中to become an inventor可知Scott 决定成为一个发明家，再由“His friends thought that he was misguided.”可知，他的朋友认为他被误导，此处是劝说Scott，不能作为一个“发明家”度过一生。故选B。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：你不会有一个稳定的收入。A. never从不；B. still仍然；C. even甚至；D. also也。根据下文“Why don’t you ________ and get a job in the city?”可知，朋友劝说他找一份工作，由此可知，此处指发明家“没有”稳定收入。故选A。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查短语辨析。句意：Luke，他最好的朋友，担心自己朋友的未来。A. tired of厌倦；B. interested in对……感兴趣；C. disappointed at对……失望；D. worried about担心。根据下文“Why don't you ________ and get a job in the city?”可知，Luke“担心”他的朋友Scott的未来，所以劝说他换一份工作。故选D。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我的梦想。A. change变化，改变；B. dream梦，梦想；C. honor荣誉；D. chance机会。根据下文“I have wanted to be an inventor since I was a small child.”可知，Scott从小就想成为一个发明家，B项“梦想”符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不会放弃的。A. look back回顾；B. fall behind落后；C. run away逃跑；D. give up放弃。根据上文“I have wanted to be an inventor since I was a small child.”‎ 及下文多年来他一直坚持发明东西可知，此处指他不会“放弃”成为发明家。故选D。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几年的时间里，Scott形成了很多想法，这些想法都未能成功。A. failed失败，未能；B. started开始；C. happened发生；D. appeared出现。根据下文“he was unable to sell it.”及“His second idea received little support from people or companies.”可知，他的想法都“未能”成功。短语fail to do sth.“未能做某事”。故选A。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的第一个发明有很多缺点，他没能把它卖出去。A. secrets秘密；B. disadvantages缺点，不利条件；C. stories故事；D. corrections改正，校正。根据空后“he was unable to sell it”可知，第一个发明有很多“缺点”，卖不出去。故选B。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Scott的朋友Luke 继续鼓动他找一个不同的职业。A. different不同的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. important重要的；D. happy高兴的。根据下文“I think it is time to _______ something else.”可知，Luke 继续鼓动他找一个“不同的”工作。故选A。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为是时候尝试其他事情了。A. design设计；B. check检查；C. try尝试；D. learn学习。根据下文Scott 说的话“But I cannot stop now.”可知，此处指去“尝试”其他事。故选C。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果现在我丢下我的设计，我的一生都会被都将被浪费。A. Because因为；B. Although尽管；C. If假如，如果；D. When当……时候。上文提到Scott说不能停下来，因为自己快要想出一些重大的发明，此处是假设如果停下来的话，一生都会被都将被浪费。if引导条件状语从句。故选C。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Luke点点头说：“我理解，我的朋友，你只要记得我一直在这儿支持你。”A. insist坚持；B. doubt怀疑；C. remember记得；D. understand理解。根据“Luke nodded”及“Just know that I am here to support you.”可知，Luke“理解”Scott的坚持。故选D。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Scott完成了他的飞机新机翼的设计。A. began开始；B. completed完成；C. used使用；D. impressed留下深刻印象。根据下一句“He presented it to several ‎ companies”可知，他拿给几家公司看，所以此处指“完成”这个设计。故选B。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把它拿给几家公司看，这些公司都喜欢他的想法。A. idea想法，主意；B. hobby兴趣爱好；C. job工作；D. help帮助。空前的it指代上一句中“his design”，所以此处指公司都喜欢他的“想法”，故选A。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我有一天会成功的。A. have有；B. finish完成；C. make制作；D. keep保持。根据上文“a company offered to buy his design.”可知，他的发明被一个公司购买，所以他“成功”了。make it是固定表达，意为“成功”。故选C。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的每一点成功都是值得的。A. comfort安慰；B. success成功；C. patience耐心；D. wealth财富。根据上文内容可知，Scott的坚持最终成功，所以此处指每一点的“成功”都是值得的。故选B。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ One day, when I was cooking the evening meal, my daughter stood beside me very still. When I turned, I nearly knocked her down. “Move out of the way,” I said impatiently. She walked away, and her little heart was___56___(break). I didn’t realize___57___ rudely I’d spoken.‎ When I___58___ (lie) awake in bed, God’s small voice came to me and said, “While ___59___ (deal) with a stranger, you use common politeness, but the children you love, you seem to abuse. Look at the kitchen floor, and those are the flowers she brought for you.”‎ By this time, my tears began to fall. I quietly went and sat by her bed. “Are these the flowers you picked ___60___ me? I’m so sorry.” I said. She smiled, “Oh, Mom, that’s okay. I love you anyway.” I said, “Daughter, I love you too, and I do like the flowers, ___61___ (especial) the blue.”‎ You should be aware that if we were to die tomorrow, the family we left behind would feel the___62___ (lose) for the rest of their lives. And come to think about it, we devote ___63___ (us) more to work than to our family---an unwise___64___(decide) indeed. So, what is behind the story? Fill life with love and bravery, and we shall live____65____ happy life.‎ ‎【答案】56. broken 57. how 58. lay 59. dealing 60. for 61. especially 62.‎ ‎ loss 63. ourselves 64. decision 65. a ‎【解析】‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查形容词做表语。句意：她走开了，她小小的心破碎了。空格处在句中作表语，根据上下文的内容可知，作者说话太粗鲁了，伤了女儿的心了。因此此处是指女儿的心破碎了，要用形容词做表语，故填形容词broken。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查感叹句。句意：我没有意识到自己说话有多粗鲁。根据语境可知，此处因为对女儿比较粗鲁伤了女儿的心，由此而发的感叹。根据语境可知，此处是指我说话是多么的粗鲁。分析句子可知，空格处在句中修饰副词rudely，修饰副词一般要用副词，用how来修饰，故本空填how。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查一般过去时。句意：我醒着躺在床上时，上帝的小声音对我说：……。分析句子可知，空格处在状语从句中作谓语。根据主句中的came可知，本句要用一般过去时，lie(躺下)的过去时为lay，故本空填lay。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查非谓语。句意：和陌生人打交道时，你是礼貌的，但对你爱的孩子，你却似乎在虐待。分析句子可知。空格处为非谓语，其逻辑主语是you, you与动词deal二者是主动关系，此时要用动词的ing形式，故填dealing。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查语境。句意：这些是你给我摘的花吗？根据语境可知，此处是作者问女儿，这些是你给摘的花吗？介词“for”意思是”为了“，故本空填for ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：女儿，我也爱你，我确实喜欢花，尤其是(喜欢)蓝色的。分析句子可知，此处是指我确实喜欢花，尤其是喜欢蓝色的花，此空格后省略了动词like。 由此可知空格处在句中修饰动词like，修饰动词一般要用副词。故填副词especially。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：你应该知道，如果我们明天死了，我们留下的家人在他们的余生中会感到失落。分析句子可知，空格前有定冠词the，可知，空格处要用名词，故填名词loss。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配及反身代词。句意：仔细想想，我们更多地把自己奉献给工作而不是家庭，这确实是一个不明智的决定。”devote oneself to doing sth “为固定搭配，意为”全身心投入做某事；致力于做某事；献身于做某事“。本句的主语是we，因此本句要用反身代词ourselves。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查句词。句意：仔细想想，我们把自己更多地奉献给工作而不是家庭，这确实是一个不明智的决定。 分析句子可知，空格前形容词，形容词修饰名词，空格前有不定冠词a，可知，本空格要用名词单数，故填decision。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：让生活充满爱和勇气，我们就会过上幸福的生活。 “live a … life”为固定搭配，意为“过着一种……的生活”。根据语境可知，此处是指生活中有了爱和勇气，我们就能过上幸福的生活。故空格处填不定冠词 a。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）‎ ‎66. 假定你是李华。你的美国朋友Tom来信说,他将在暑假期间来中国学习中国画,希望能在本市参加一个短期课程。你帮他联系了一所艺术学校,请给他回信,告知以下内容:‎ ‎1.学习内容:水墨山水画(Chinese ink landscape painting);‎ ‎2.课程时间:六周;‎ ‎3.收费及食宿安排。‎ 注意:1.词数80左右;‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;‎ ‎3.短文中不得出现学校或地区名称。‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Tom,‎ How is everything going? I'm delighted to know you're coming to China to learn Chinese paintings, hoping to take a short course in my city.‎ An art school, which is located in the center of the city, is the best choice for you. As I've ‎ learned, you'll finish studying Chinese ink landscape painting in six weeks. What's more, you can both eat and live in the school while studying here. Therefore, you needn't worry about your accommodation. In addition, the school charges a relatively modest fee.‎ If you have any other questions, please write to me as soon as possible.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给朋友Tom写信，给他介绍所联系艺术学校的课程安排。‎ ‎【详解】体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主 结构：总分总 ‎ 要求：‎ 写信目的 学习内容:水墨山水画;‎ 课程时间:六周;‎ 收费及食宿安排。‎ 第二步：列提纲（重点词组）‎ be glad to do sth./ be delighted to do sth./ hope to do sth./ be located/ be scheduled/ live in/ provide sth. for sb./ look forward to 第三步：连词成句 I'm glad to know you're coming to China to learn Chinese paintings and want to take a short course in my city.‎ I think that an art school, located in the center of the city, is the best choice for you. ‎ As I've learned, you'll finish studying Chinese ink landscape painting in six weeks. ‎ You can both eat and live in the school while studying here. ‎ Therefore, there is no need for you to worry about your accommodation. ‎ The school fee is relatively modest.‎ If you have any other questions, please contact with me as soon as possible.‎ Looking forward to your coming.‎ 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）‎ 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…‎ 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…‎ 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…‎ 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些高级表达，例如：I'm delighted to know you're coming to China to learn Chinese paintings, hoping to take a short course in my city.中know后是宾语从句，省略了连词that，并使用了现在分词作状语；An art school, which is located in the center of the city, is the best choice for you.中which引导非限制性定语从句。这些表达的使用给文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节 概要写作（满分25分）‎ ‎67. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ Shyness is partly a result of genes a person has inherited (经遗传得到). It’s also influenced by behaviors they’ve learned, the ways people have reacted to their shyness, and life experiences they’ve had. The examples other people set can also play a role in whether a person learns to be shy or not. If the parents of a shy child are overly cautious or overprotective, it can teach the child to back away from situations that might be uncomfortable or unfamiliar.‎ Many people want to reduce their shyness. But people who are naturally shy also have gifts that they might not appreciate in themselves. For example, because shy people may prefer listening to talking, they sometimes become really good listeners. People who are shy might also become sensitive to other people’s feelings and emotions. Because of their sensitivity and listening skills，many people with a shy personality are especially caring toward others, and interested in how others feel. People often consider them the finest friends.‎ Overcoming shyness takes practice. People who are shy tend to give themselves fewer chances to practice social behaviors. It’s no wonder that people who shy away from socializing don’t feel as socially confident as people who are outgoing—they have less practice! The more you practice social behaviors，the easier they get，and the more natural they feel for you.‎ Take slow, steady steps forward. Going slow is OK. But be sure to go forward. Stepping back from any situations that might trigger you to feel shy can reinforce shyness and keep it at a level that’s hard to get past. Build confidence by taking one small forward step at a time. Also, it’s OK ‎ to feel awkward. Everyone does sometimes. People who are shy are often afraid to feel awkward or uncomfortable. But don’t let that keep you from doing what you want. You might feel awkward asking your friends for help. That’s perfectly natural. Whether your friend says “yes” or “no” is out of your control. But not asking at all means you’ll never get the help. So go for it anyway!‎ ‎【答案】Shyness has something to do with genes, behaviors and the ways people deal with it and so on. Some people seek to get rid of it, while in fact it can also motivate such gifts as good listening and understanding in people. However, overcoming shyness takes time and much practice. So take slow, steady steps forward and build confidence step by step.‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇概要写作。‎ ‎【详解】写作步骤 ‎1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章主要说明了羞怯与基因、行为和人们的处理方式等有关。有些人试图摆脱它，而事实上，它也能激发人们良好的倾听和理解等天赋。然而，克服害羞需要时间和大量的练习。所以，慢慢地，稳步前进，一步一步建立信心。‎ ‎2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构，归纳文章各段大意。‎ ‎3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。‎ ‎4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：‎ ‎（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。‎ ‎（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。‎ ‎（3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。‎ ‎（4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。‎ ‎（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：have something to do with；deal with；get rid of；in fact；motivate；take time；steady steps forward；step by step 等高级词汇；However, overcoming shyness takes time and much practice.动名词短语作主语等高级句式。‎